阅读说明：本技术 一种稳定米糠品质的方法 (Method for stabilizing rice bran quality ) 是由 周宝龙 周子恒 崔译丹 周竞涛 唐欣 王艳龙 周佳 周艳平 袁秦 于 2018-09-11 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种稳定米糠品质的方法,使用脉冲磁场杀菌装置,以米糠为样品,其灭酶及杀菌方法是将米糠物料从进料管道放入玻璃管中；设置电容器充电电压400-450V,设置延时接通功能模块充放电周期T<Sub>1</Sub>、T<Sub>2</Sub>、T<Sub>3</Sub>、T<Sub>4</Sub>合计时间为9.5-10.6s,设置脉冲磁场作用次数为25-30次,线圈产生的脉冲磁场对玻璃管中的米糠物料进行灭酶杀菌处理,任何米糠物料由传动螺旋搅拌轴从玻璃管输送到储料仓,完成米糠物料连续灭酶、杀菌处理和输出过程。该发明能够连续完成米糠物料的灭酶杀菌过程,脂肪酶活动度大幅度降低,脂肪酸值降低5.0mg/100g以上,提高了米糠的品质稳定性。(A method for stabilizing rice bran quality uses a pulsed magnetic field sterilization device, takes rice bran as a sample, and the enzyme deactivation and sterilization method comprises the steps of putting rice bran materials into a glass tube from a feeding pipeline; setting the charging voltage of the capacitor to 400-450V and setting the charging and discharging period T of the delay connection functional module 1 、T 2 、T 3 、T 4 The total time is 9.5-10.6s, the action times of the pulse magnetic field is set to be 25-30 times, the pulse magnetic field generated by the coil carries out enzyme deactivation and sterilization treatment on the rice bran materials in the glass tube, any rice bran materials are conveyed to the storage bin from the glass tube through the transmission spiral stirring shaft, and the processes of continuous enzyme deactivation, sterilization treatment and output of the rice bran materials are completed. The invention can continuously complete the enzyme deactivation and sterilization process of the rice bran material, greatly reduce the activity of lipase, reduce the fatty acid value by more than 5.0mg/100g, and improve the quality stability of the rice bran.)

1. A method for stabilizing rice bran quality uses a pulsed magnetic field sterilization device, takes rice bran as a sample, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) preparing: putting the rice bran material (13) into a glass tube (11) from a feeding pipeline (10); cooling water is boiled and enters the interlayer sleeve of the cooling water interlayer tank (9) from a cooling water outlet (15);

(2) adjusting and setting parameters of the pulse magnetic field sterilization device: setting the charging voltage of 400-450V for the capacitor (7), and setting the time delaySwitching on the charge-discharge cycle T of the functional module (21)₁、T₂、T₃、T₄The total time is 9.5-10.6s, specifically T₁Is 0.1-0.5s, T₂Is 4-5s, T₃Is 0.5-1s, T₄Setting the action times of the pulse magnetic field to be 25-30 times within 4-5s, wherein the effective retention sterilization time of the rice bran material (13) in the glass tube (11) is 237.5s-318 s; the rotating speed of the motor is adjusted according to the effective retention sterilization time of the rice bran materials (13) in the glass tube (11), so that the speed of the spiral stirring shaft (16) and the discharging speed of the rice bran materials (13) from the glass tube (11) are controlled, namely the speed of the spiral stirring shaft (16) for rotationally conveying the rice bran materials (13) is matched with the enzyme deactivation sterilization treatment time of the rice bran materials (13) in the glass tube (11), and the feeding speed of the feeding pipeline (10) is matched with the discharging speed;

(3) enzyme deactivation and sterilization: turning on a power switch of the pulse magnetic field sterilization device to switch on a power supply, and performing pulse magnetic field sterilization treatment on the rice bran materials (13) in the glass tube (11); then starting a motor (17), wherein the motor (17) drives a spiral stirring shaft (16) to rotate, rice bran materials (13) are conveyed into a storage bin (19) from a glass tube (11) through a discharge pipeline (18), and enzyme deactivation and sterilization processes of the rice bran materials (13) are continuously completed;

(4) and (3) detection: and detecting the enzyme activity and the fatty acid value of the sterilized material.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of grain processing, and particularly relates to a method for stabilizing rice bran quality.

Background

The rice is a main grain crop in China, although the weight of rice bran which is a processing byproduct of the rice is only 5-5.5% of the weight of the rice, the rice bran is rich in 64% of nutritional functional components of the rice, wherein the fat accounts for 15-22%, the protein accounts for 12-16%, the crude fiber accounts for 7-9%, the soluble nitrogen extract accounts for 38-43%, the ash accounts for 8-12%, and the water accounts for 9-14%. The rice bran oil obtained by processing and refining rice bran contains about 38 percent of linoleic acid and about 40 percent of oleic acid, the ratio of the linoleic acid to the oleic acid is 1: 1.1, and the oil with the ratio has higher nutritional value from the viewpoint of modern nutrition. The total content of unsaponifiable lipid in the rice bran oil reaches 4.2 percent, particularly the content of gamma-oryzanol is the top of various edible oils, and the rice bran oil can effectively reduce the serum cholesterol of a human body and prevent and treat cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Therefore, the rice bran oil is functional high-quality edible vegetable oil, and the nutritional value of the rice bran oil is far higher than that of other vegetable oil such as peanut oil, soybean oil, rapeseed oil and the like.

However, lipase in rice bran cells can affect the quality of rice bran oil, so that the extraction rate of the rice bran oil is too low or the extraction value is lost, which is a technical dilemma faced by the rice bran processing industry at present. Throughout the research on the storage stabilization technology of rice bran at home and abroad, a considerable part of the research focuses on the control of the storage conditions of rice bran, including moisture, temperature, vacuum, modified atmosphere, fumigation and the like. Although some effect is obtained, among them, the cryopreservation technique of japan is well established, and cryopreservation is considered as the best method for storing rice bran. However, the whole storage and transportation system is high in investment and maintenance cost, is not suitable for popularization and promotion, and cannot fundamentally inhibit the quality deterioration of the rice bran, which is attributed to the lipase activity in the rice bran.

Therefore, a processing method for rapidly and economically stabilizing the enzyme activity of the rice bran lipase and improving the edible quality is very important. In recent years, many researchers at home and abroad are dedicated to the research on the enzyme deactivation stabilization technology of rice bran, and the methods of heat treatment, organic solvent treatment, ethanol stabilization, irradiation stabilization, superheated steam stabilization and the like are available in sequence, but the research on the rice bran stabilization technology is not long before due to the residue of chemical reagents, the safety of irradiation, the loss of heat treatment nutrient components and the like.

The magnetic field sterilization is a physical cold sterilization technology, uses a magnetic field to sterilize food, has the characteristics of no heating of sterilization materials, short time, no magnetic leakage problem, low power consumption, high sterilization efficiency, good sterilization effect, easy control, strong penetrating power, thorough sterilization and the like, can well keep the nutritional ingredients and the taste of the food while sterilizing the food, has no harmful substance residue and the like, and therefore, the pulsed magnetic field sterilization has wide market potential in the cold sterilization process. A large number of researches show that the high-strength pulsed magnetic field sterilization has important application value in the industries of food, water treatment and the like. At present, the research on the pulse magnetic field sterilization device in China is still in a laboratory stage, and the adopted discharge voltage is too high, generally from thousands of volts to tens of thousands of volts. Such high voltage brings great inconvenience to operators, and the safety performance is also poor, which hinders the research and development of the pulse magnetic field in the sterilization field and further limits the application and popularization of the pulse magnetic field in industrial production. The low-voltage pulse magnetic field sterilization technology is still a technical problem.

How to research a pulse magnetic field sterilization device with low voltage and good safety performance and apply the pulse magnetic field sterilization device to the enzyme deactivation and sterilization treatment of rice bran, and a technical method for improving the stability effect of the rice bran still is a technical problem.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention relates to a magnetic field sterilization device, which consists of a pulse electric field generating system, a pulse magnetic field acting system and a controller, and is characterized in that: the pulse electric field generating system consists of an input wire, a voltage regulator, a booster, a rectifier, a current limiter, a charging switch, a charging circuit, a charging loop and a capacitor; the input wire is connected with the voltage regulator, the voltage regulator is connected with the booster through a circuit, the booster is connected with the rectifier and the current limiter through a circuit, the rectifier is connected with the capacitor through a charging circuit and a charging loop, and the charging circuit is provided with a charging switch;

according to the pulse electric field generation system, an input wire is 220V alternating current, the voltage is stabilized by the voltage regulator and then is boosted by the booster and limited by the current limiter, alternating current with voltage and current meeting requirements is obtained, the alternating current is rectified into a direct current power supply by the rectifier, when the charging switch is closed, the direct current power supply charges the capacitor, and when the charging switch is disconnected, the charging is finished.

Preferably, the current limiter is an alternating current capacitor of 360 muF;

preferably, the rectifier is a high-voltage rectifier silicon stack;

preferably, the capacitors are 4 electrolytic capacitors of 10000 muF, a low-voltage charging technology is adopted, and the charging voltage is continuously adjustable within the range of 400-450V;

as shown in fig. 2, the pulsed magnetic field action system is composed of a discharge switch, a discharge circuit, a discharge loop, a cooling water interlayer tank, a glass tube, a coil, a spiral stirring shaft, a motor, a storage bin, a baffle rod and a base; the coil is connected with the capacitor through a discharge circuit and a discharge loop, and a discharge switch is arranged on the discharge circuit; the cooling water interlayer tank is of a cylindrical interlayer structure, the coil is arranged in an interlayer sleeve of the cooling water interlayer tank, a glass tube is arranged in an inner cavity of the cooling water interlayer tank, a baffle rod is fixedly sleeved in the inner cavity of the glass tube, the space between the inner cavity of the glass tube and the baffle rod is used as an enzyme-inactivating and sterilizing working space of rice bran materials, a spiral stirring shaft is arranged at the lower end of the inner cavity of the glass tube, and the spiral stirring shaft is connected with a motor; the cooling water interlayer tank, the glass tube and the motor are fixed on the base; a feeding pipeline is arranged on the glass tube, a discharging pipeline is arranged at the lower end of the glass tube, the discharging pipeline is a rice bran material outlet, and a storage bin is arranged below the discharging pipeline; the upper end and the lower end of the interlayer sleeve of the cooling water interlayer tank are respectively provided with a cooling water outlet and a cooling water inlet, and the cooling water outlet and the cooling water inlet are symmetrically arranged at the left end and the right end or the front end and the rear end of the interlayer sleeve of the cooling water interlayer tank;

the preferable number of the coil layers is 4, and the number of turns of the coil is 80;

the waist part of the baffle rod is of a cylindrical structure, the top part of the baffle rod is of a cone, and the difference between the diameter of the inner cavity of the glass tube and the outer diameter of the baffle rod is controlled to be 1.0-1.5 cm;

the specific working process of the pulsed magnetic field action system is as follows: rice bran materials are put into a glass tube at uniform speed through a feeding pipeline, a discharge switch is switched on, a discharge loop is switched on, a capacitor starts to discharge a coil, a pulse magnetic field generated by the coil carries out enzyme deactivation and sterilization treatment on the rice bran materials, circulating cooling water enters an interlayer sleeve of a cooling water interlayer tank through a cooling water inlet, the circulating cooling water cools the coil in the interlayer sleeve of the cooling water interlayer tank, the circulating cooling water is discharged through a cooling water outlet, and the discharged circulating cooling water is recycled after being cooled; starting a motor, wherein the motor drives a spiral stirring shaft to rotate, so that rice bran materials are conveyed into a storage bin from a glass tube through a discharge pipeline to finish the output process of the rice bran materials;

the speed of the spiral stirring shaft for conveying the rice bran materials in a rotating mode is matched with the enzyme-deactivating and sterilizing treatment time of the rice bran materials in the glass tube and is matched with the speed of the rice bran materials input by the feeding pipeline;

the controller consists of a time delay switch-on functional module, an input end I, an input end II, an output end I and an output end II, wherein the time delay switch-on functional module is used for adjusting the charging and discharging period; the two ends of the delay switch-on function module are connected with an input end I, an input end II, an output end I and an output end II, the input end I is connected with the charging circuit, the input end II is connected with the discharging circuit, the output end I is connected with the charging switch, and the output end II is connected with the discharging switch;

the time delay connection functional module is used for adjusting the charging and discharging period, and the specific working process is as follows: the delay switch-on function module is provided with 4 timing cycles: t is₁、T₂、T₃、T₄The charging and discharging period is T₁、T₂、T₃、T₄Total time of (1), T₁、T₂、T₃、T₄Adjusting within the range of 0.1-10 s; when the input end I and the input end II are connected, the timing work of the delay connection functional module starts to operate, and the rectifier passes through T₁Time working, when the input end I is changed into high level, the time delay switch-on functional module switches on the charging switch to start charging, and the charging time is T₂After charging is finished, the time delay switch-on functional module switches off a charging switch, and the charging switch is switched off from on; then, the time-delay connection functional module passes through T₃The time interval is over, the time delay switch-on functional module switches on the discharge switch to start discharging, the discharge time is T₄When the discharging is finished, the time delay connection functional module cuts off the discharging switch, the discharging switch is switched from connection to disconnection, so that a charging and discharging period is finished, and the charging and discharging working process can be completed by circulating and reciprocating; t is₂And T₄There is a T between₃And at a time interval, simultaneous charging and discharging is avoided, and the line safety is protected.

The invention also provides a method for stabilizing the quality of rice bran, which uses a pulsed magnetic field sterilization device and takes the rice bran as a sample, and the enzyme deactivation and sterilization method comprises the following steps:

(1) preparing: putting the rice bran material 13 into a glass tube from a feeding pipeline; cooling water is boiled and enters the interlayer sleeve of the cooling water interlayer tank from the cooling water outlet;

(2) adjusting and setting parameters of the pulse magnetic field sterilization device: setting the charging voltage of the capacitor to 400-450V and setting the charging and discharging period T of the delay connection functional module₁、T₂、T₃、T₄The total time is 9.5-10.6s, specifically T₁Is 0.1-0.5s, T₂Is 4-5s, T₃Is 0.5-1s, T₄Setting the action times of the pulse magnetic field to be 25-30 times within 4-5s, wherein the effective retention sterilization time of the rice bran material in the glass tube is 237.5s-318 s; the rotating speed of the motor is adjusted according to the effective staying sterilization time of the rice bran materials in the glass tube, so that the speed of the spiral stirring shaft and the discharging speed of the rice bran materials from the glass tube are controlled, namely the speed of the spiral stirring shaft for conveying the rice bran materials in a rotating mode is matched with the enzyme-deactivating sterilization treatment time of the rice bran materials in the glass tube, and the feeding speed of the feeding pipeline is matched with the discharging speed;

(3) enzyme deactivation and sterilization: turning on a power switch of the pulse magnetic field sterilization device to switch on a power supply, and performing pulse magnetic field sterilization treatment on the rice bran materials in the glass tube; then starting a motor, driving the spiral stirring shaft to rotate by the motor, conveying the rice bran materials from the glass tube to a storage bin through a discharge pipeline, and continuously finishing the processes of enzyme deactivation and sterilization of the rice bran materials;

(4) and (3) detection: and detecting the enzyme activity and the fatty acid value of the sterilized material.

The invention has the following positive effects:

1. the pulse magnetic field sterilization device has the advantages of low voltage, good safety performance, capability of continuously completing the enzyme-inactivating sterilization process of the rice bran material and simple operation;

2. the pulse magnetic field sterilization device is used for carrying out enzyme deactivation and sterilization treatment on the rice bran, the enzyme deactivation and sterilization effects are good, the stability effect of the rice bran is improved, and the pulse magnetic field sterilization device has the advantages of being rapid and uniform in treatment, small in influence on nutritional ingredients and the like.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of a pulsed electric field generating system according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a pulsed magnetic field application system of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the controller of the present invention;

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following embodiments.