阅读说明：本技术 钻井作业中回压补偿自动节流控制装置及其使用方法 (Automatic throttle control device for back pressure compensation in drilling operation and use method thereof ) 是由 兰作军 刘伟 徐小龙 王志军 李冰青 李德华 于 2019-12-02 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及钻井作业技术领域,是一种钻井作业中回压补偿自动节流控制装置及其使用方法,前者包括节流单元和分流回压补偿单元,节流单元和分流回压补偿单元之间固定连通有第八管线,节流单元包括入口五通、出口五通、过滤四通、第一四通,分流回压补偿单元包括第二四通、第三四通、长四通、和入口过滤四通,第三四通上设置有压力传感器。本发明用自动节流管汇集成到一个橇上,解决了分流回压补偿单元的安装问题,且分流补偿回压单元和自动节流单元使用一个控制系统,同一个人员进行操作,可实现压钻井过程中对油气井井口套压的精确控制,在更换钻具时,可保证井底压力稳定,避免井底增大可能导致井漏和井底压力减小造成井壁垮塌和卡钻现象。(The invention relates to the technical field of drilling operation, in particular to a back pressure compensation automatic throttling control device in the drilling operation and a using method thereof. The automatic throttling pipe is integrated on the skid, the installation problem of the shunt back pressure compensation unit is solved, the shunt compensation back pressure unit and the automatic throttling unit use a control system, and the same person operates the control system, so that the accurate control of the wellhead casing pressure of the oil-gas well in the pressure drilling process can be realized, the bottom hole pressure can be ensured to be stable when a drilling tool is replaced, and the phenomena of well wall collapse and drill sticking caused by well leakage and bottom hole pressure reduction due to bottom hole increase can be avoided.)

1. An automatic back pressure compensation throttling control device in drilling operation is characterized by comprising a throttling unit and a flow dividing back pressure compensation unit, wherein an eighth pipeline is fixedly communicated between the throttling unit and the flow dividing back pressure compensation unit, the throttling unit comprises an inlet five-way, an outlet five-way, a filtering four-way and a first four-way, a left inlet of the inlet five-way is fixedly communicated with the first pipeline, a second pipeline is fixedly communicated between a right end of the inlet five-way and a left inlet of the outlet five-way, a fourth pipeline is fixedly communicated between a first outlet at the top end of the inlet five-way and a first inlet at the top end of the outlet five-way, a third pipeline is fixedly communicated between a second outlet at the top end of the inlet five-way and a second inlet at the top end of the outlet five-way, a fifth pipeline is fixedly communicated between an outlet at the right end of the outlet five-way and a left inlet of the filtering four-way, a sixth pipeline is fixedly communicated between an outlet at the top, a seventh pipeline is fixedly communicated between the outlet at the right end of the filtering four-way and the inlet at the left end of the first four-way, a sixteenth pipeline is fixedly communicated with the outlet at the right end of the first four-way, the shunting back pressure compensation unit comprises a second four-way and a third four-way, the four-way filter comprises a long four-way and an inlet filtering four-way, wherein an eighth pipeline is fixedly communicated between an outlet at the bottom end of a five-way inlet and an inlet at the top end of a second four-way, a tenth pipeline is fixedly communicated with an outlet at the left end of a third four-way, an eleventh pipeline is fixedly communicated between an inlet at the right end of the third four-way and an outlet at the left end of the long four-way, a ninth pipeline is fixedly communicated between the first inlet at the bottom end of the long four-way and the outlet at the right end of the second four-way, a thirteenth pipeline is fixedly communicated between the inlet at the right end of the long four-way and the outlet at the left end of the inlet filtering four-way, a twelfth pipeline is fixedly communicated between the second.

2. The automatic throttle control device of back pressure compensation in drilling operation of claim 1, characterized in that a hydraulic gate valve, an automatic throttle valve and a manual gate valve are connected in series on the fourth pipeline in turn; or/and the third pipeline is sequentially connected with a hydraulic gate valve, an automatic throttle valve and a manual gate valve in series; or/and the second pipeline is connected with a manual gate valve in series; or/and the sixth pipeline is sequentially connected with a manual gate valve, a mass flow meter and a manual gate valve in series; or/and a manual gate valve is connected in series on the seventh pipeline; or/and the ninth pipeline is sequentially connected with a manual gate valve, an automatic throttle valve and a hydraulic gate valve in series; or/and the twelfth pipeline is sequentially connected with a manual gate valve, a high-pressure mass flow meter and a manual gate valve in series; or/and a hydraulic gate valve is connected in series on the eleventh pipeline; or/and a manual gate valve is connected in series on the thirteenth pipeline.

3. The automatic throttle control device for back pressure compensation in drilling operation according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the throttle unit and the shunt back pressure compensation unit are fixed on the same skid-mounted base.

4. A method of implementing the back pressure compensating automatic throttle control apparatus in drilling operation according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized by being performed as follows: firstly, drilling fluid enters from a drilling pump through the inlet end of a flow dividing back pressure compensation unit, enters a high-pressure mass flowmeter through a manual gate valve on a twelfth pipeline after passing through an inlet filtering cross joint, then enters a long cross joint through the manual gate valve, and enters a drilling tool through a hydraulic gate valve on a tenth pipeline and a third cross joint; and secondly, the drilling fluid returns to the inlet end of the throttling unit through the annular space in the drilling tool, passes through the inlet five-way valve, then sequentially passes through the hydraulic gate valve, the automatic throttling valve and the manual gate valve from the second pipeline to the outlet five-way valve, then passes through the filtering four-way valve, then sequentially passes through the manual gate valve, the mass flow meter and the manual gate valve from the sixth pipeline to the first four-way valve, and then is discharged to the mud tank through the outlet end through the sixteenth pipeline, so that the drilling fluid circulating operation is completed.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein when it is desired to stop drilling fluid circulation in the drilling tool and make a joint, the method comprises: drilling fluid enters from a drilling pump through the inlet end of the flow dividing back pressure compensation unit, enters the four-way valve through the inlet, enters the high-pressure mass flow meter through a manual gate valve on a twelfth pipeline, and then enters the long four-way valve through the manual gate valve, wherein the drilling fluid discharged from the long four-way valve is changed into two parts, one part of the drilling fluid enters a drilling tool after passing through a hydraulic gate valve on a tenth pipeline to the third four-way valve, the other part of the drilling fluid enters the second four-way valve through a hydraulic gate valve, an automatic throttle valve and a manual gate valve in sequence from a ninth pipeline, and the hydraulic gate valve on the tenth pipeline is closed until the automatic throttle valve on the ninth pipeline is fully opened, so that the drilling fluid circulation operation in the.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of drilling operation, in particular to a back pressure compensation automatic throttling control device in the drilling operation and a using method thereof.

Background

The back pressure compensating device is used in regulating the flow rate of the vertical pipe for pressure controlled drilling to realize stepped regulation of the flow rate of the vertical pipe, so that the pressure controlled drilling system has enough time to regulate the back pressure of the casing to compensate the change of bottom pressure caused by stopping/starting the pump and to realize constant control of the bottom pressure during stopping/starting the pump. It is usually connected to the outlet end of a high-pressure gate group of a drilling team; most wellsites are not equipped with a shunt compensation back pressure device due to limited job site space.

The back pressure compensation device and the automatic throttle manifold for the pressure-controlled drilling belong to different components of a pressure-controlled drilling system, and need to be controlled by different personnel and different control systems, so that the control precision of the pressure-controlled drilling is reduced due to different personal operation habits.

When the drilling tool is replaced, the drilling pressure fluctuates, and the reduction in the bottom hole caused by lifting the drilling tool can cause formation fluid to enter the annular space to pollute the drilling fluid, so the drilling fluid is commonly called well invasion, and if the well invasion is serious, overflow or even blowout can be caused. The reduced bottom hole pressure may cause the borehole wall to collapse and, in severe cases, cause sticking. When the drilling tool is lowered, the bottom of the well is enlarged, so that well leakage, drilling fluid loss and construction period delay can be caused; under certain conditions, the spraying is carried out from the leakage to the transition.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a back pressure compensation automatic throttling control device in drilling operation and a using method thereof, overcomes the defects of the prior art, and can effectively solve the problems of well leakage, well wall collapse and drill sticking caused by unstable bottom pressure when a drilling tool is replaced in the drilling operation.

One of the technical schemes of the invention is realized by the following measures: an automatic back pressure compensation throttling control device in drilling operation comprises a throttling unit and a shunting back pressure compensation unit, wherein an eighth pipeline is fixedly communicated between the throttling unit and the shunting back pressure compensation unit, the throttling unit comprises an inlet five-way, an outlet five-way, a filtering four-way and a first four-way, a left inlet of the inlet five-way is fixedly communicated with a first pipeline, a right end of the inlet five-way is fixedly communicated with a left inlet of the outlet five-way, a second pipeline is fixedly communicated between a right end of the inlet five-way and a left inlet of the outlet five-way, a fourth pipeline is fixedly communicated between a first outlet at the top end of the inlet five-way and a first inlet at the top end of the outlet five-way, a third pipeline is fixedly communicated between a second outlet at the top end of the inlet five-way and a second inlet at the top end of the outlet five-way, a fifth pipeline is fixedly communicated between a right outlet at the right end of the outlet five-way and a left inlet at the filtering four-way, a sixth pipeline is fixedly communicated between an outlet at, the right end outlet of the first four-way is fixedly communicated with a sixteenth pipeline, the flow dividing back pressure compensation unit comprises a second four-way, a third four-way, a long four-way and an inlet filtering four-way, an eighth pipeline is fixedly communicated between the bottom end outlet of the inlet five-way and the top end inlet of the second four-way, a tenth pipeline is fixedly communicated with the left end outlet of the third four-way, an eleventh pipeline is fixedly communicated between the right end inlet of the third four-way and the left end outlet of the long four-way, a ninth pipeline is fixedly communicated between the first inlet of the bottom end of the long four-way and the right end outlet of the second four-way, a thirteenth pipeline is fixedly communicated between the right end inlet of the long four-way and the left end outlet of the inlet filtering four-way, a twelfth pipeline is fixedly communicated between the second inlet of the bottom end of the long four-.

The following is a further optimization or/and improvement of one of the above-mentioned technical solutions of the invention:

a hydraulic gate valve, an automatic throttle valve and a manual gate valve are sequentially connected in series on the fourth pipeline; or/and the third pipeline is sequentially connected with a hydraulic gate valve, an automatic throttle valve and a manual gate valve in series; or/and the second pipeline is connected with a manual gate valve in series; or/and the sixth pipeline is sequentially connected with a manual gate valve, a mass flow meter and a manual gate valve in series; or/and a manual gate valve is connected in series on the seventh pipeline; or/and the ninth pipeline is sequentially connected with a manual gate valve, an automatic throttle valve and a hydraulic gate valve in series; or/and the twelfth pipeline is sequentially connected with a manual gate valve, a high-pressure mass flow meter and a manual gate valve in series; or/and a hydraulic gate valve is connected in series on the eleventh pipeline; or/and a manual gate valve is connected in series on the thirteenth pipeline.

The throttling unit and the shunt back pressure compensation unit are both fixed on the same skid-mounted base.

The second technical scheme of the invention is realized by the following measures: a method for implementing a back pressure compensation automatic throttling control device in drilling operation is carried out according to the following method: firstly, drilling fluid enters from a drilling pump through the inlet end of a flow dividing back pressure compensation unit, enters a high-pressure mass flowmeter through a manual gate valve on a twelfth pipeline after passing through an inlet filtering cross joint, then enters a long cross joint through the manual gate valve, and enters a drilling tool through a hydraulic gate valve on a tenth pipeline and a third cross joint; and secondly, the drilling fluid returns to the inlet end of the throttling unit through the annular space in the drilling tool, passes through the inlet five-way valve, then sequentially passes through the hydraulic gate valve, the automatic throttling valve and the manual gate valve from the second pipeline to the outlet five-way valve, then passes through the filtering four-way valve, then sequentially passes through the manual gate valve, the mass flow meter and the manual gate valve from the sixth pipeline to the first four-way valve, and then is discharged to the mud tank through the outlet end through the sixteenth pipeline, so that the drilling fluid circulating operation is completed.

The following is further optimization or/and improvement of the second technical scheme of the invention:

when the drilling fluid circulation operation in the drilling tool is required to be stopped and a single drilling tool is connected, the drilling operation is carried out according to the following method: drilling fluid enters from a drilling pump through the inlet end of the flow dividing back pressure compensation unit, enters the four-way valve through the inlet, enters the high-pressure mass flow meter through a manual gate valve on a twelfth pipeline, and then enters the long four-way valve through the manual gate valve, wherein the drilling fluid discharged from the long four-way valve is changed into two parts, one part of the drilling fluid enters a drilling tool after passing through a hydraulic gate valve on a tenth pipeline to the third four-way valve, the other part of the drilling fluid enters the second four-way valve through a hydraulic gate valve, an automatic throttle valve and a manual gate valve in sequence from a ninth pipeline, and the hydraulic gate valve on the tenth pipeline is closed until the automatic throttle valve on the ninth pipeline is fully opened, so that the drilling fluid circulation operation in the.

The automatic throttling pipe is integrated on the skid, the installation problem of the shunt back pressure compensation unit is solved, the shunt compensation back pressure unit and the automatic throttling unit use a control system, and the same person operates the control system, so that the accurate control of the wellhead casing pressure of the oil-gas well in the pressure drilling process can be realized, the bottom hole pressure can be ensured to be stable when a drilling tool is replaced, and the phenomena of well wall collapse and drill sticking caused by well leakage and bottom hole pressure reduction due to bottom hole increase can be avoided.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic process flow diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

The codes in the figures are respectively: the system comprises an inlet five-way valve 1, a hydraulic gate valve 2, an automatic throttle valve 3, an outlet five-way valve 4, a manual gate valve 5, a first four-way valve 6, a filtering four-way valve 7, a mass flow meter 8, an inlet filtering four-way valve 9, a pressure relief gate valve 10, a high-pressure mass flow meter 11, a long four-way valve 12, a second four-way valve 13, a third four-way valve 14, a fifteenth pipeline 15, a first pipeline 16, a second pipeline 17, a third pipeline 18, a fourth pipeline 19, a fifth pipeline 20, a sixth pipeline 21, a seventh pipeline 22, an eighth pipeline 23, a ninth pipeline 24, a tenth pipeline 25, an eleventh pipeline 26, a twelfth pipeline 27, a thirteenth pipeline 28, a fourteenth pipeline 29 and a sixteenth pipeline 30.

Detailed Description

The present invention is not limited by the following examples, and specific embodiments may be determined according to the technical solutions and practical situations of the present invention. The various chemical reagents and chemicals mentioned in the present invention are all well known and commonly used in the art, unless otherwise specified.

The invention is further described below with reference to the following examples: