阅读说明：本技术 一种激光破岩试验台及破岩效果评价方法 (Laser rock breaking test bed and rock breaking effect evaluation method ) 是由 于庆增 杨兴亚 龙伟漾 郭志凯 于 2019-12-18 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提出一种激光破岩试验台及破岩效果评价方法,该试验台包括岩石移动台,岩石移动台带动岩石移动,岩石移动台的上部设有激光器和滚刀切割台。该评价方法：无相对运动状态下,激光对不同种类岩石的破岩效率Y1=W×(1-λ％)ε/SHT；相对运动状态下,激光对不同种类岩石的破岩效率Y2=W×(1-λ％)ε/SHVT；激光与滚刀耦合作用于不同种类岩石下,滚刀受力优化指标：滚刀单独作用在岩石上,破岩指标U1=R1/(K1-K2)；激光与滚刀耦合作用下,破岩指标U2=R2/(K3-K4)；激光与滚刀耦合作用下,滚刀受力变化Q1=(F1-F2)/F1,滚刀耐磨性的变化Q2=(U1-U2)/U1。本发明的有益效果：方案简单,可完成试验单独滚刀作用、单独激光器作用以及激光器和滚刀耦合作用下数据的收集。(The invention provides a laser rock breaking test bed and a rock breaking effect evaluation method. The evaluation method comprises the following steps: the rock breaking efficiency of the laser on different kinds of rocks is Y1= Wx (1-lambda%) epsilon/SHT under the state without relative motion; in the relative motion state, the rock breaking efficiency of the laser on different kinds of rocks is Y2= Wx (1-lambda%). epsilon./SHVT; under the coupling action of laser and hobbing cutter on different types of rocks, the hobbing cutter is stressed to optimize indexes: the hob independently acts on the rock, and the rock breaking index U1= R1/(K1-K2); under the coupling action of the laser and the hob, the rock breaking index U2= R2/(K3-K4); under the coupling action of the laser and the hob, the stress change of the hob is Q1= (F1-F2)/F1, and the wear resistance change of the hob is Q2= (U1-U2)/U1. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the scheme is simple, and the collection of data under the effect of the test independent hob, the effect of the independent laser and the coupling effect of the laser and the hob can be completed.)

1. The utility model provides a broken rock test bench of laser, includes the rock mobile station, its characterized in that: the rock moving platform drives the rock (3) to move, a laser and a hob cutting table are arranged on the upper portion of the rock moving platform, and the laser and the hob cutting table are used for breaking the rock (3).

2. The laser rock breaking test bed according to claim 1, characterized in that: the laser comprises a base (101), a rotary table (102) is arranged on the base (101), a large arm (103) is movably hinged on the rotary table (102), a small arm (104) is movably hinged on the large arm (103), an end effector (105) is movably hinged on the small arm (104), and a laser generator (106) is arranged on the end effector (105).

3. The laser rock breaking test bed according to claim 2, characterized in that: the base (101) is connected with the rotary table (102) through rotary pipe joints, and the rotary table (102) is connected with the large arm (103), the large arm (103) is connected with the small arm (104), and the small arm (104) is connected with the end effector (105) through rotary pipe joints.

4. The laser rock breaking test bed according to claim 1, characterized in that: the rock moving platform comprises a rack (301), a sliding platform is arranged on the rack (301), the sliding platform transversely moves on the rack (301) through a sliding device, a rock box (201) is arranged on the sliding platform, the rock box (201) longitudinally moves on the sliding platform through a translation device, and rocks (3) are placed in the rock box (201).

5. The laser rock breaking test bed according to claim 4, characterized in that: the sliding device is a pushing oil cylinder (204), one end of the pushing oil cylinder (204) is connected with the rack (301), and the other end of the pushing oil cylinder is connected with the sliding platform.

6. The laser rock breaking test bed according to claim 4, characterized in that: the leveling device is a translation oil cylinder (202), one end of the translation oil cylinder (202) is connected with the sliding platform, and the other end of the translation oil cylinder is connected with the rock box (201).

7. The laser rock breaking test bed according to claim 1, characterized in that: the hob cutting table comprises a machine body (302), wherein a hob (2) which moves up and down is arranged on the machine body (302), and a pressure sensor (304) is arranged on the hob (2).

8. The laser rock breaking test bed according to claim 7, characterized in that: hobbing cutter (2) and adjusting bolt (305) threaded connection, adjusting bolt (305) activity is established on fuselage (302), and adjusting screw (305)'s tip is equipped with adjustment handle (306).

9. The laser rock breaking test bed according to claim 7, characterized in that: the machine body (302) is fixed on the rack (301), and a support frame (307) is arranged between the rack (301) and the machine body (302).

10. A laser rock breaking effect evaluation method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

1) for the state without relative motion, the rock breaking efficiency of the laser on different kinds of rocks is Y1: adjusting and controlling the laser power W, the spot area S, the action time T and the action depth H of a laser, and obtaining the reflectivity lambda% and the rock surface roughness coefficient epsilon of rocks with different colors, wherein the rock breaking efficiency Y1= Wx (1-lambda%) epsilon/SHT;

2) for the relative motion state, the rock breaking efficiency of the laser on different kinds of rocks Y2: adjusting and controlling the laser power W, the spot area S, the action time T and the action depth H of the laser to obtain the reflectivity lambda% of rocks with different colors and the rock surface roughness coefficient epsilon, adjusting and controlling the relative movement speed V of the laser and the rocks by the rock moving platform, and enabling the rock breaking efficiency Y2= Wx (1-lambda%) epsilon/SHVT;

3) for the coupling action of the laser and the hob on different kinds of rocks, the stress of the hob optimizes indexes:

①, the hob independently acts on the rock, the rock breaking index U1 is that before acting, the weight K1 of the hob is obtained, in the moving process, the relative moving distance is adjusted and controlled to be L through a rock moving platform, the average load F1 borne by the hob and the penetration P of the hob are obtained through a hob cutting table, after relative movement, the mass K2 of the hob and the volume R1 of formed rock slag are obtained, and the rock breaking index U1= R1/(K1-K2);

② rock breaking index U2, namely, the laser acts on the rock surface to form effective cutting seams and thermal fragmentation on the rock surface, the depth of action is controlled to be H, the depth of action is controlled to be the same as the penetration degree P of the hob when acting alone, the rock moving table is controlled to enable the length of the cutting seams to be the same as the relative movement distance L of the hob when acting alone, then the hob moves relatively along the cutting seams formed under the action of the laser, the weight of the hob is K3 before acting, the relative movement distance is adjusted and controlled to be L through the rock moving table in the movement process, the average load F2 borne by the hob and the penetration degree P of the hob are obtained through the hob cutting table, the weight of the hob is K4 and the volume of formed rock slag R2 are obtained after the relative movement, and the rock breaking index U2= R2/(K3-K4);

under the coupling action of the laser and the hob, the stress change of the hob is Q1= (F1-F2)/F1, and the wear resistance change of the hob is Q2= (U1-U2)/U1.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a rock breaking test device, in particular to a laser rock breaking test bed and a rock breaking effect evaluation method.

Background

At present, a tunnel tunneling shield machine and a hard rock TBM tunneling machine mainly rely on a disc-shaped hob to extrude rock to achieve the purpose of breaking the rock, and mainly overcome the compressive strength of the rock, the rock breaking efficiency of the rock is still acceptable for rock strata (within 100 MPA) with common strength, but along with the increase of the rock strength, the efficiency of extruding and breaking the rock by the hob is gradually reduced, the abnormal abrasion and the replacement frequency of the hob are increased, along with the reduction of the shield tunneling efficiency and the increase of the tunneling cost.

In recent years, novel rock breaking modes are continuously appeared, laser is used as a high-heat-energy rock breaking mode for TBM auxiliary rock breaking, but the actual rock breaking effect needs to be verified. The laser rock breaking is different from the traditional hob rock breaking mode, the traditional physical parameters of the rock, such as uniaxial compressive strength, tensile strength and abrasive coefficient, have little influence on the laser rock breaking, and the laser rock breaking is mainly related to the chemical composition of the rock, the surface roughness of the rock and the color of the rock. In the prior art, the hob test bed evaluates the rock breaking effect of a hob mainly by measuring the stress and wear states of the hob, and the rock breaking effect under the coupling action of the hob and laser cannot be evaluated accurately.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a laser rock breaking test bed and a rock breaking effect evaluation method, and solves the problem that a novel rock breaking mode test stage evaluation method is insufficient.

The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: the utility model provides a broken rock test bench of laser, includes the rock mobile station, its characterized in that: the rock moving platform drives the rock to move, a laser and a hob cutting table are arranged on the upper portion of the rock moving platform, and the laser and the hob cutting table are used for breaking the rock.

The laser comprises a base, a rotary table is arranged on the base, a large arm is movably hinged on the rotary table, a small arm is movably hinged on the large arm, an end effector is movably hinged on the small arm, and a laser generator is arranged on the end effector.

The base is connected with the rotary table through rotary pipe joints, and the rotary table is connected with the large arm, the large arm and the small arm, and the small arm and the end effector through rotary pipe joints.

The rock moving platform comprises a rack, a sliding platform is arranged on the rack, the sliding platform transversely moves on the rack through a sliding device, a rock box is arranged on the sliding platform, the rock box longitudinally moves on the sliding platform through a translation device, and rocks are placed in the rock box.

The sliding device is a pushing oil cylinder, one end of the pushing oil cylinder is connected with the rack, and the other end of the pushing oil cylinder is connected with the sliding platform.

The leveling device is a translation oil cylinder, one end of the translation oil cylinder is connected with the sliding platform, and the other end of the translation oil cylinder is connected with the rock box.

The hob cutting table comprises a machine body, wherein a hob which moves up and down is arranged on the machine body, and a pressure sensor is arranged on the hob.

The hob is in threaded connection with the adjusting bolt, the adjusting bolt is movably arranged on the machine body, and an adjusting handle is arranged at the end part of the adjusting screw rod.

The machine body is fixed on the machine frame, and a support frame is arranged between the machine frame and the machine body.

A method for evaluating a laser rock-breaking effect,

1) for the state without relative motion, the rock breaking efficiency of the laser on different kinds of rocks is Y1: adjusting and controlling the laser power W, the spot area S, the action time T and the action depth H of a laser, and obtaining the reflectivity lambda% and the rock surface roughness coefficient epsilon of rocks with different colors, wherein the rock breaking efficiency Y1= Wx (1-lambda%) epsilon/SHT;

2) for the relative motion state, the rock breaking efficiency of the laser on different kinds of rocks Y2: adjusting and controlling the laser power W, the spot area S, the action time T and the action depth H of the laser to obtain the reflectivity lambda% of rocks with different colors and the rock surface roughness coefficient epsilon, adjusting and controlling the relative movement speed V of the laser and the rocks by the rock moving platform, and enabling the rock breaking efficiency Y2= Wx (1-lambda%) epsilon/SHVT;

3) for the coupling action of the laser and the hob on different kinds of rocks, the stress of the hob optimizes indexes:

①, the hob independently acts on the rock, the rock breaking index U1 is that before acting, the weight K1 of the hob is obtained, in the moving process, the relative moving distance is adjusted and controlled to be L through a rock moving platform, the average load F1 borne by the hob and the penetration P of the hob are obtained through a hob cutting table, after relative movement, the mass K2 of the hob and the volume R1 of formed rock slag are obtained, and the rock breaking index U1= R1/(K1-K2);

② rock breaking index U2, namely, the laser acts on the rock surface to form effective cutting seams and thermal fragmentation on the rock surface, the depth of action is controlled to be H, the depth of action is controlled to be the same as the penetration degree P of the hob when acting alone, the rock moving table is controlled to enable the length of the cutting seams to be the same as the relative movement distance L of the hob when acting alone, then the hob moves relatively along the cutting seams formed under the action of the laser, the weight of the hob is K3 before acting, the relative movement distance is adjusted and controlled to be L through the rock moving table in the movement process, the average load F2 borne by the hob and the penetration degree P of the hob are obtained through the hob cutting table, the weight of the hob is K4 and the volume of formed rock slag R2 are obtained after the relative movement, and the rock breaking index U2= R2/(K3-K4);

under the coupling action of the laser and the hob, the stress change of the hob is Q1= (F1-F2)/F1, and the wear resistance change of the hob is Q2= (U1-U2)/U1.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1) the laser rock breaking test bed provided by the invention has a simple test bed scheme, and can complete data collection under the action of an independent hob, an independent laser and the coupling action of the laser and the hob in a test.

2) On the test bed, three different test schemes such as rock breaking efficiency of the laser on different types of rocks in a relative motion state, stress optimization indexes of a lower hob which is coupled with the laser and acts on different types of rocks, and the like are provided, and the rock breaking effect of the laser can be evaluated.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a front view of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a side view of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a top view of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of coupled rock breaking according to the present invention.

In the figure: 1-cutting a seam, 2-hobbing cutter, and 3-rock; 101-base, 102-rotary table, 103-big arm, 104-small arm, 105-end effector, 106-laser generator; 201-rock box, 202-translation cylinder, 204-pushing cylinder; 301-frame, 302-body, 304-pressure sensor, 305-adjusting bolt, 306-adjusting handle, 307-supporting frame.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the laser rock breaking test bed comprises a laser, a rock moving table and a hob cutting table. Wherein the rock mobile station drives 3 removals of rock, and the upper portion of rock mobile station is equipped with laser instrument and hobbing cutter cutting bed, and rock and laser instrument, hobbing cutter cutting bed relative movement carry out the broken rock effect, and laser instrument and hobbing cutter cutting bed can the exclusive action, also can the coupling effect.

The laser comprises a base 101, wherein a rotary table 102 is arranged on the base 101, the base 101 is connected with the rotary table 102 through a rotary pipe joint, the rotary table can horizontally rotate relative to the base, and the horizontal position of the rotary table can be adjusted by 360 degrees. The rotary table 102 is movably hinged with a large arm 103, the rotary table 102 is connected with the large arm 103 through a rotary pipe joint, and the large arm can vertically swing relative to the rotary table. Big arm 103 goes up the activity hinge joint has forearm 104, is connected through rotatory tube coupling between big arm 103 and the forearm 104, and the forearm can be relatively big arm vertical swing. The small arm 104 is movably hinged with an end effector 105, the small arm 104 is connected with the end effector 105 through a rotating pipe joint, and the end effector can vertically swing relative to the small arm. The end effector 105 is provided with a laser generator 106 which generates laser to break rock, and the rotary table 102, the large arm 103, the small arm 104 and the end effector 105 are matched together to meet the adjustment of multiple degrees of freedom.

The rock moving platform comprises a frame 301, wherein a sliding platform is arranged on the frame 301, and the sliding platform transversely moves on the frame 301 through a sliding device. The sliding device is a pushing oil cylinder 204, one end of the pushing oil cylinder 204 is connected with the rack 301, the other end of the pushing oil cylinder is connected with the sliding platform, and the transverse position of the sliding platform is adjusted by stretching and retracting of the pushing oil cylinder. The sliding platform is provided with a rock box 201, and the rock box 201 longitudinally moves on the sliding platform through a translation device. The leveling device is a translation oil cylinder 202, one end of the translation oil cylinder 202 is connected with the sliding platform, the other end of the translation oil cylinder 202 is connected with the rock box 201, and the longitudinal position of the rock box on the sliding platform is adjusted through the stretching of the translation oil cylinder. Rock 3 is placed in the rock casing 201. Through the horizontal and vertical movement of the sliding platform and the rock box, the position of the rock can be adjusted, and rock breaking at any position on the full coverage surface of the rock is realized.

The hob cutting table comprises a machine body 302, the machine body 302 is fixed on a machine frame 301, and a supporting frame 307 is arranged between the machine frame 301 and the machine body 302 to ensure the stability of the machine body on the machine frame. The hob 2 which moves up and down is arranged on the machine body 302, the hob 2 is in threaded connection with the adjusting bolt 305, the adjusting bolt 305 is movably arranged on the machine body 302, and the end part of the adjusting screw 305 is provided with an adjusting handle 306. The adjusting handle drives the adjusting bolt 305 to rotate, so that the upper position and the lower position of the hob can be adjusted. The hob 2 is provided with a pressure sensor 304, the load borne by the hob can be detected through pressure,

as shown in fig. 4, a method for evaluating the rock-breaking effect by laser.

1) For the state without relative motion, the rock breaking efficiency of the laser on different kinds of rocks is Y1: adjusting and controlling the laser power W, the spot area S, the action time T and the action depth H of a laser, and obtaining the reflectivity lambda% and the rock surface roughness coefficient epsilon of rocks with different colors, wherein the rock breaking efficiency Y1= Wx (1-lambda%) epsilon/SHT;

2) for the relative motion state, the rock breaking efficiency of the laser on different kinds of rocks Y2: adjusting and controlling the laser power W, the spot area S, the action time T and the action depth H of the laser to obtain the reflectivity lambda% of rocks with different colors and the rock surface roughness coefficient epsilon, adjusting and controlling the relative movement speed V of the laser and the rocks by the rock moving platform, and enabling the rock breaking efficiency Y2= Wx (1-lambda%) epsilon/SHVT;

3) for the coupling action of the laser and the hob on different kinds of rocks, the stress of the hob optimizes indexes:

①, the hob independently acts on the rock, the rock breaking index U1 is that before acting, the weight K1 of the hob is obtained, in the moving process, the relative moving distance is adjusted and controlled to be L through a rock moving platform, the average load F1 borne by the hob and the penetration P of the hob are obtained through a hob cutting table, after relative movement, the mass K2 of the hob and the volume R1 of formed rock slag are obtained, and the rock breaking index U1= R1/(K1-K2);

② under the coupling action of the laser and the hob, the rock breaking index U2 is that the laser acts on the rock surface to form an effective kerf and thermal fragmentation on the rock surface, the depth of action is controlled to be H, the penetration degree P of the hob acting alone is the same, the rock moving table is controlled to enable the kerf length to be the same as the relative movement distance L of the hob acting alone, then the hob moves relatively along the kerf 1 formed under the action of the laser, before the action, the weight of the hob is K3, in the movement process, the relative movement distance is adjusted and controlled to be L through the rock moving table, the average load F2 borne by the hob and the penetration degree P of the hob are obtained through the hob cutting table, after the relative movement, the weight of the hob is K4 and the formed rock slag volume R2 are obtained, and the rock breaking index U2= R2/(K3-K4);

under the coupling action of the laser and the hob, the stress change of the hob is Q1= (F1-F2)/F1, and the wear resistance change of the hob is Q2= (U1-U2)/U1.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.