阅读说明：本技术 一种马铃薯茎叶与禾本科牧草混合青贮的方法及其应用 (Method for mixing and ensiling potato stem leaves and gramineous forage grass and application thereof ) 是由 周娟娟 魏巍 秦爱琼 桑旦 旦增塔庆 李斌 白玛噶翁 史睿智 夏菲 刘云飞 曲广 于 2019-12-03 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于农产品加工技术领域,尤其涉及一种马铃薯茎叶与禾本科牧草混合青贮的方法及其应用。本发明于马铃薯茎叶中混合不同比例的燕麦,以补充马铃薯茎叶可溶性糖含量的不足,利用不同原料营养成分的互补,开发利用农业废弃物,提高农业副产品的附加值和利用效能；同时,马铃薯茎叶粗蛋白含量较高,用其调制的青贮饲料能有效补充西藏蛋白饲料的短缺。本发明调制的青贮饲料,粗蛋白含量较高,中性洗涤纤维含量较低,适口性好。该方法工艺简单,操作易行,机械化程度高,受天气影响小。便于长期贮存和运输,可进行商品化生产。(The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural product processing, and particularly relates to a method for mixing and ensiling potato stems and leaves and gramineous forage grass and an application thereof. According to the invention, the oat with different proportions is mixed in the potato stems and leaves to supplement the deficiency of the soluble sugar content of the potato stems and leaves, and the agricultural wastes are developed and utilized by utilizing the complementation of the nutritional ingredients of different raw materials, so that the added value and the utilization efficiency of agricultural byproducts are improved; meanwhile, the potato stem and leaf crude protein content is high, and the silage prepared by the potato stem and leaf crude protein feed can effectively supplement the shortage of Tibet protein feed. The silage prepared by the method has high crude protein content, low neutral detergent fiber content and good palatability. The method has the advantages of simple process, easy operation, high mechanization degree and little influence by weather. Is convenient for long-term storage and transportation, and can be used for commercial production.)

1. A method for mixing and ensiling potato stems and leaves and gramineous forage grass is characterized by comprising the following steps:

raw materials: selecting fresh potato stems and leaves and oats, cleaning, and removing old leaves and mildewed parts;

cutting and kneading: cutting potato stems and leaves into small segments, and kneading oat into shreds by a shred kneading machine;

and (3) airing: airing on the spot until the water content is 60% -70%;

bundling and wrapping: mixing potato stem and leaf, oat and wheat bran, spraying a fermentation inhibition additive, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture; bundling, wrapping and sealing fermentation by using a bundling machine;

fermenting at room temperature for 50-60d to obtain silage.

2. The method for mixing and ensiling the stem leaves of the potatoes and the grass of Gramineae according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the oat is green oat at booting stage and milk stage.

3. The method for mixing and ensiling the stem leaves of the potatoes and the grass of Gramineae according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: cutting the potato stem and leaf into 2-3cm segments.

4. The method for mixing and ensiling the stem leaves of the potatoes and the grass of Gramineae according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the weight ratio of the potato stem leaves to the oat to the wheat bran is 60-75: 20-35: 5.

5. the method for mixing and ensiling the stem leaves of the potatoes and the grass of Gramineae according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the addition amount of the fermentation inhibiting additive is 4 g/t/FW.

6. The method for mixing and ensiling the stem leaves of the potatoes and the grass of Gramineae according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the bale size of the bale made by the baler is 50cm × 70cm, and the density is 600kg/m³～800kg/m³。

7. The method for mixing and ensiling the stem leaves of the potatoes and the grass of Gramineae according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the wrapping machine is wrapped up in with 6 ~ 8 layers of stretch film completion, and stretch film overlap more than 50%.

8. The use of a method of ensiling mixed potato stems and leaves and grassy pasture as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7 in the preparation of silage.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural product processing, and particularly relates to a method for mixing and ensiling potato stems and leaves and gramineous forage grass and an application thereof.

Background

Qinghai-Tibet plateau is burdened with the mission of national and even global ecological safety barriers, and also bears the burden of Tibetan and even national animal husbandry bases. In recent years, under the action of ecological protection and animal husbandry development dual pressure, the main problems in the region are that the grassland productivity is reduced and the conflict between grasses and livestock is sharp. The shortage of feed resources and the imbalance of seasons for supplying forage grass severely restrict the sustainable development of animal husbandry. Therefore, the development and utilization of non-traditional feed resources, such as agricultural byproducts and the like, as livestock feed is of potential value.

Potato is one of the 4 grain crops in Tibet. The planting area reaches 1.6 million hectares every year, 240 million tons of stems and leaves are generated, and the resources of the stems and leaves are rich. The potato stem and leaf has high crude protein content (80-260 g/kg dry matter) and high feeding value.

The content of the soluble sugar in the potato stem and leaf is low, the substrate for lactic acid fermentation is far lower than the standard for preparing high-quality silage, and the buffer energy value is high. The independent ensiling of potato stems and leaves is difficult to prepare high-quality silage.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method for mixing and ensiling potato stems and leaves and gramineous forage grass and application thereof, and aims to solve part of problems in the prior art or at least alleviate part of problems in the prior art.

The invention is realized in such a way that a method for mixing and ensiling potato stem leaves and gramineous forage grass comprises the following steps:

raw materials: selecting fresh potato stems and leaves and oats, cleaning, and removing old leaves and mildewed parts;

cutting and kneading: cutting potato stems and leaves into small segments, and kneading oat into shreds by a shred kneading machine;

and (3) airing: airing on the spot until the water content is 60% -70%;

bundling and wrapping: mixing potato stem and leaf, oat and wheat bran, spraying a fermentation inhibition additive, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture; bundling, wrapping and sealing fermentation by using a bundling machine;

fermenting at room temperature for 50-60d to obtain silage.

Further, the oat is green oat at booting stage and milk stage.

Further, the potato stem and leaves were cut into 2-3cm pieces.

Further, the weight ratio of the potato stem leaves, the oat and the wheat bran is 60-75: 20-35: 5.

further, the fermentation-inhibiting additive was added in an amount of 4 g/t/FW.

Further, the bale size of the bale made by the baler is 50cm x 70cm, and the density is 600kg/m³～800kg/m³。

Further, the wrapping machine completes wrapping by using 6-8 layers of stretching films, and the stretching films are overlapped by more than 50%.

The application of the method for mixing and ensiling the potato stem leaves and the gramineous forage grass in preparing the silage is disclosed.

In summary, the advantages and positive effects of the invention are:

the invention provides a method for mixing and ensiling potato stem leaves and oats. Oat in different proportions is mixed in the potato stems and leaves to supplement the deficiency of the soluble sugar content of the potato stems and leaves, and agricultural wastes are developed and utilized by utilizing the complementation of different raw material nutrient components, thereby improving the added value and the utilization efficiency of agricultural byproducts. Meanwhile, the potato stem and leaf crude protein content is high, and the silage prepared by the potato stem and leaf crude protein feed can effectively supplement the shortage of Tibet protein feed.

The silage prepared by the method has high crude protein content, low neutral detergent fiber content and good palatability.

The method has the advantages of simple process, easy operation, high mechanization degree and little influence by weather. Is convenient for long-term storage and transportation, and can be used for commercial production.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to be limiting.

The invention discloses a method for mixing and ensiling potato stem leaves and gramineous forage grass and application thereof. The details are shown in the following examples.