Compact optical system for the passenger compartment of a motor vehicle
阅读说明:本技术 用于机动车辆乘客室的紧凑光学系统 (Compact optical system for the passenger compartment of a motor vehicle ) 是由 皮尔·阿尔布 尼古拉斯·利夫德路丝 于 2019-09-12 设计创作,主要内容包括:本发明涉及一种光学系统(1)和一种用于机动车辆的内部照明装置(3),该内部照明装置包括与这种光学系统(1)耦合的光源(2)。光学系统(1)包括光学组件(10)的第一部分(101),其允许光源(2)的实像(4)被放大并投射到光学系统(1)的漫射器(11)附近内。光学系统(1)的光学组件(10)还包括第二部分(102),其起到投射光学器件的作用,以便将在漫射器(11)附近形成的光源(2)的实像投射到所述光学系统(1)之外。根据本发明的光学系统(1)允许内部照明装置(3)的光源(2)的亮度降低,同时保持其像素化,从而允许基于发光二极管并以高安培电流驱动的光源用在机动车辆乘客室中,而不会对所述乘客室的乘客造成任何危险。(The invention relates to an optical system (1) and an interior lighting device (3) for a motor vehicle, comprising a light source (2) coupled to such an optical system (1). The optical system (1) comprises a first part (101) of the optical component (10) which allows a real image (4) of the light source (2) to be magnified and projected into the vicinity of a diffuser (11) of the optical system (1). The optical component (10) of the optical system (1) further comprises a second portion (102) which functions as projection optics in order to project a real image of the light source (2) formed in the vicinity of the diffuser (11) outside said optical system (1). The optical system (1) according to the invention allows the brightness of the light source (2) of the interior lighting device (3) to be reduced while maintaining its pixelization, thus allowing the use of light sources based on light emitting diodes and driven at high amperages in the passenger compartment of a motor vehicle without causing any danger to the passengers of said passenger compartment.)
1. An optical system (1) for a passenger compartment of a motor vehicle, the optical system (1) comprising:
a light source (2);
a diffuser (11) configured to scatter incident rays (8b) of the light beam generated by the light source (2); and
an optical component (10) configured to project a real image of the light source (2) onto the diffuser (11);
characterized in that a first etendue of the light beam measured at the light source (2) is smaller than a second etendue of the light beam measured at the exit face (1021) of the optical component (10).
2. The optical system (1) according to claim 1, wherein the optical assembly (10) comprises:
a first portion (101) optically located between the light source (2) and the diffuser (11), the first portion (101) being capable of deforming the light source (2) image;
a second portion (102) optically located between the diffuser (11) and the exit face (1021) of the optical component (10), the second portion (102) being an optical device for projecting light rays scattered by the diffuser (11).
3. The optical system (1) according to claim 2, wherein the first portion (101) of the optical component (10) is made of the same material as the diffuser (11) and is integrally formed with the diffuser (11); and/or the second portion (102) of the optical component (10) is made of the same material as the diffuser (11) and is formed integrally with the diffuser (11).
4. The optical system (1) according to any one of claims 2 and 3, wherein the first portion (101) comprises a first reflector associated with a second reflector configured to reflect light rays reflected by the first reflector.
5. The optical system (1) according to claim 4, wherein the first reflector is configured to concentrate the light rays on the second reflector.
6. The optical system (1) according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein a first optical axis (O1) associated with the first portion (101) of the optical component (10) is secant to a second optical axis (O2) associated with the second portion (102) of the optical component (10).
7. The optical system (1) according to claim 6, wherein an angle formed by the first optical axis (O1) and the second optical axis (O2) is comprised between 70 ° and 110 °.
8. The optical system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the diffuser (11) is a pass-through diffuser, a light ray (8b) incident on an entrance face of the diffuser (11) being scattered at a face opposite to the entrance face.
9. The optical system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the diffuser (11) is configured to be at least partially reflective.
10. The optical system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the diffuser (11) comprises a rough scattering surface.
11. The optical system (1) according to claim 10, wherein the rough scattering surface of the diffuser (11) is textured.
12. The optical system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the diffuser (11) is configured to diffract the incident light ray (8 b).
13. The optical system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the diffuser (11) comprises a curved surface.
14. An interior lighting device (3) for a motor vehicle dome lamp, the interior lighting device (3) comprising:
the optical system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims;
a light source (2) associated with the optical system (1) and configured to generate light rays, an optical component (10) of the optical system (1) projecting the light rays onto a diffuser (11) of the optical system (1), the light rays passing through an exit face (1021) of the optical system (1) being intended to illuminate a portion of a passenger compartment of the motor vehicle.
15. An interior lighting arrangement (3) according to claim 14, wherein the light source (2) is pixelated and comprises a plurality of light emitting diodes organized in an array.
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of the automotive industry and, more particularly, to an interior lighting device, in particular for the passenger compartment of a motor vehicle.
Background
The known passenger compartment of a motor vehicle comprises a number of internal lighting devices in order to allow the execution of a plurality of lighting functions. By way of non-limiting example of known lighting functions, certain interior lighting devices allow for the display of a lighted indication from or on a wall of the passenger compartment; certain interior lighting devices allow for manual control of a motor vehicle to be illuminated; and some other interior lighting devices are dedicated to illuminating a portion of the space inside the passenger compartment of the motor vehicle.
A common feature of all these devices is that they must meet strict dimensional constraints due to the increasing number of electrical devices (whether or not used for lighting) in the passenger compartment of such motor vehicles. Therefore, although the lighting functions provided by interior lighting devices are increasing in number to meet the needs of manufacturers and users of motor vehicles, the available housing (housing) in the passenger compartment is at the same time becoming fewer. This has led to a need for miniaturisation in order to be able to continue to provide the known light functions and/or in order to allow new light functions to be performed in the passenger compartment of the motor vehicle.
More particularly, it is known to use high-brightness light sources called pixelation in such interior lighting devices: these light sources are small in size and allow some of the above size limitations to be more easily met. Furthermore, these light sources have a low purchase price, thus allowing the manufacturing costs of these interior lighting devices to be reduced.
However, the small size of these light sources and their high brightness combined make such pixelated light sources incompatible for use in the passenger compartment of a motor vehicle, as these light sources present a potential hazard to the human eye and reduce the comfort of the user of the motor vehicle.
The object of the present invention is to at least substantially react to the aforementioned problems and further achieve other advantages by providing a new optical system for use in the passenger compartment of a motor vehicle.
Another object of the invention is to reduce the bulk of such optical systems with respect to those implemented in known interior lighting devices.
It is another object of the invention to reduce the brightness of a pixelated light source while maintaining its pixelation.
It is a further object of the invention to limit the manufacturing costs of such an optical system and a lighting device comprising such an optical system.
Disclosure of Invention
According to a first aspect of the invention, at least one of the aforementioned objects is achieved by an optical system for a passenger compartment of a motor vehicle, comprising: (i) a diffuser configured to scatter incident rays of the light beam generated by the light source, and (ii) an optical component configured to project a real image of the light source onto the diffuser, a first etendue of the light beam measured at the light source being smaller than a second etendue of the light beam measured at an exit face of the optical component.
Thus, the smart use of a diffuser allows the optical system according to the first aspect of the invention to reduce the brightness of the light source with which it is intended to cooperate. Furthermore, the optical system according to the first aspect of the invention is configured to maintain pixelation of the light source. In other words, the shape and/or geometry of the light source intended to cooperate with the optical component is substantially maintained at the exit of the optical component and/or the optical system. Thus, light rays penetrating the optical system according to the first aspect of the invention exit the optical system with reduced brightness while substantially maintaining the same spatial distribution as they had when they entered. In other words, the optical system is configured to perform a homographic transformation (homographic transformation) of the light source with which it is intended to cooperate, and preferably of the magnification type. The use of a diffuser also allows the opening angle of the light rays passing through the optical system to be varied.
The diffuser of the optical system according to the first aspect of the present invention is configured to scatter (preferably without absorption) any light rays (referred to as incident light rays) that reach its surface. Light rays scattered by the diffuser of the optical system according to the first aspect of the invention are emitted from the diffuser in a plurality of directions, preferably without a particular propagation direction. In other words, the brightness of the diffuser is isotropic regardless of the direction of the incident light rays.
The optical component according to the first aspect of the invention is intended to cooperate with a light source in order to project the light rays generated by it towards a diffuser. To this end, when the optical system according to the first aspect of the present invention is used with the light source, the diffuser is located on the opposite side of the optical component from the position of the light source.
According to the first aspect of the present invention, the optical system allows increasing the etendue of a light beam passing through the optical system between (i) an incident surface on a light source side intended to cooperate with the optical system and (ii) an exit surface of the optical system.
The etendue of a light beam characterizes how "the light rays emitted by the light source and reaching the receiver in question" fan out ". The etendue of a light beam corresponds to a geometric quantity (in m) that characterizes the size and shape of a subset of the light rays generated by the light source and that reach the receiver2Sr). In other words, the etendue of a light beam characterizes the distribution of the bundle of light rays over the emission area and the way in which the rays in said light beam are angled. By way of an approximate example, in the case of a light source emitting in a hemisphere, such as a light emitting diode, the etendue of the light beam is obtained by multiplying the cone of light of the light source in question (i.e. the smallest cone of light within which all the rays produced by the light source fit) by the emitting area. Other methods for calculating etendue are applicable to other types of light sources and are well known to those skilled in the art.
Thus, with the optical system according to the first aspect of the invention, the light cone at the exit of the optical system is larger than the light cone of the light source located at the entrance of the optical system.
According to one main advantage of the first aspect of the invention, such an optical system is compact and therefore allows to reduce the bulk of such an optical system with respect to those employed in known interior lighting devices. Furthermore, the production of such an optical system allows to limit the manufacturing costs.
The optical system according to the first aspect of the invention may advantageously comprise at least one of the following improvements, the technical features forming these improvements being applicable either individually or in combination:
-the optical assembly comprises: (i) a first portion optically between the light source and the diffuser, the first portion being capable of deforming the light source image, and (ii) a second portion optically between the diffuser and the exit face of the optical assembly, the second portion being an optic for projecting light rays scattered by the diffuser. The adverb "optically" is understood herein to mean the direction of propagation of light rays in an optical system during its normal use. The first part of the optical assembly notably allows to generate a real image of the light source with which the optical system is intended to cooperate, this real image being larger than the actual dimensions of the light source; the light cone of such a real image of the light source is likewise smaller than the light cone of the light source. The projection optics forming the second part of the optical assembly are configured to generate a second real image of the light source (referred to as the first real image) on the diffuser. Optionally, the projection optics generate the second real image by image deformation. The second real image generated by the projection optics is located at a distance (finite or infinite) that is very large relative to the size of the optical system according to the first aspect of the invention. By way of non-limiting example, the distance at which the second real image is generated is at least 30 times greater than the size of the optical system, and preferably 100 times greater;
the first part of the optical assembly advantageously provides a magnification greater than 1, preferably greater than 2;
the projection optics forming the second part of the optical assembly comprise one or more reflectors and/or one or more lenses and/or one or more light guides;
the first portion of the optical component is made of the same material as the diffuser and is formed integrally with the diffuser; and/or the second portion of the optical component is made of the same material as the diffuser and is integrally formed with the diffuser. "made of the same material as … … and integrally formed with … …" or "made of the same material and integrally formed" means that the two components involved are made using the same manufacturing process and that they cannot be separated from each other without damaging or destroying one or both of the components. Thus, according to the first embodiment, the first element is made of the same material as the diffuser and is formed integrally with the diffuser, which is formed on one face of the first element. According to the second embodiment, the projection optical component is made of the same material as the diffuser and is formed integrally with the diffuser formed on one face of the projection optical component. According to a third embodiment, the first element and the diffuser and the projection optics are all made of the same material and are integrally formed together;
the first portion of the optical assembly comprises a first reflector associated with a second reflector configured to reflect light rays reflected by the first reflector. The first reflector and/or the second reflector are preferably obtained by coating a first portion of the first element with aluminium;
-the first reflector is configured to concentrate light onto the second reflector;
-a first optical axis associated with a first portion of the optical assembly is secant to a second optical axis associated with a second portion of the optical assembly. This advantageous structure therefore allows the optical system according to the first aspect of the invention to have a "dog-leg" shape, thereby reducing its dimensional bulk. More particularly, the angle subtended by the first optical axis and the second optical axis is comprised between 70 ° and 110 °. In the context of the present invention, the optical axis is defined by the centroid ray emitted or formed by the respective optical component or the respective light source;
-the diffuser is configured to diffract incident light rays. In other words, the diffuser of the optical system is configured to coherently (coherently) deviate the incident light rays in such a way as to cause interference. To this end, the diffuser may comprise a one-or two-dimensional array of patterns protruding or recessed with respect to the entrance surface of the diffuser. By way of non-limiting example, such a diffractive diffuser may take the form of a holographic diffuser;
the diffuser is a "pass-through" diffuser, the light rays incident on an incident face of the diffuser being scattered with respect to the first portion of the optical component at a face opposite to the incident face. This advantageous configuration allows to produce an optical system with a more compact geometry;
-the diffuser is configured to be at least partially reflective. In other words, the diffuser is configured to be able to reflect at least some of the incident light rays;
the diffuser comprises a rough scattering surface. By "rough" it is meant that the scattering surface includes surface asperities in its scattering surface that cause incident light to be scattered. Controlling the size of the surface asperities and/or the density of said surface asperities allows the diffusion characteristics of the diffuser to be defined;
the rough scattering surface of the diffuser is textured. By way of non-limiting example, such a scattering surface of the diffuser may be obtained by sandblasting;
-the diffuser comprises a curved surface;
the optical component is advantageously made of plastic and/or glass. Polycarbonate (PC), polypropylene carbonate (PPC) or polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) will preferably be used.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an interior lighting arrangement for a motor vehicle dome lamp, the interior lighting arrangement comprising:
-an optical system as defined above;
-a light source associated with an optical system and configured to generate light rays, the optical components of the optical system projecting the light rays onto a diffuser of said optical system, the light rays passing through an exit face of said optical system being intended to illuminate a portion of a passenger compartment of the motor vehicle.
The lighting device according to the second aspect of the invention thus makes it possible to provide an interior light for a motor vehicle passenger compartment which reduces the brightness of the light source used and thus makes the light source used compatible with such use in a motor vehicle passenger compartment.
The interior lighting device according to the second aspect of the invention may advantageously comprise at least one of the following improvements, the technical features forming these improvements being applicable either individually or in combination:
the light source is pixelated and comprises a plurality of light emitting diodes organized in an array. Preferably, the array of light emitting diodes is one-dimensional, or preferably two-dimensional. This advantageous configuration therefore allows the pixelated light sources to be compatible with use in the passenger compartment of a motor vehicle, without altering the way in which they are electrically driven, and in particular without altering the magnitude of the control current of such pixelated light sources;
the light emitting diodes forming the pixelated light source are advantageously driven by an electrical signal having a current of high magnitude, for example higher than 1 ampere.
Various embodiments of the present invention are provided that integrate the various optional features described herein in all possible combinations.
Drawings
Other features and advantages of the invention will become more apparent from the following description, on the one hand, and from a number of exemplary embodiments, given by way of non-limiting description (indication), with reference to the accompanying schematic drawings, in which:
fig. 1 shows a schematic view of a first embodiment of an optical system according to a first aspect of the present invention and implemented in an internal lighting device;
fig. 2 schematically shows a second embodiment of an optical system according to the first aspect of the invention and implemented in an internal lighting device;
FIG. 3 shows a third embodiment of an optical system according to the first aspect of the invention;
fig. 4 shows an exploded detail view of a first portion of an optical assembly implemented in the optical system shown in fig. 3.
Of course, the features, variants and various embodiments of the invention can be associated with one another in various combinations, as long as they are not mutually incompatible or mutually exclusive. In particular, variants of the invention may be envisaged which comprise only a selection of the features described below, but not the other described features, if these are chosen sufficiently to make the invention technically advantageous or distinguishable over the prior art.
In particular, all described variants and all described embodiments can be combined together if there are no technical reasons to prevent their combination.
In the drawings, elements common to a plurality of figures have been given the same reference numerals.
Detailed Description
With reference to fig. 1 to 3, common features of each illustrated embodiment of the optical system 1 according to the first aspect of the invention will now be described. Specific features of each embodiment will be described in more detail later with reference to each of fig. 1-4.
In the figures described below, the ray paths inside the optical system 1 according to the invention are only symbolically given in order to facilitate understanding of the operation of the invention.
Such an optical system 1 according to the first aspect of the invention comprises: (i) a
Such an optical system 1 according to the first aspect of the invention is advantageously intended to be implemented in an
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Fig. 1 shows a schematic version of a first embodiment of an optical system 1 implemented in an
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Fig. 2 shows a schematic version of a second embodiment of the optical system 1 implemented in the
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Fig. 3 shows a schematic version of a third embodiment of the optical system 1 according to the first aspect of the invention, in which embodiment the optical system 1 is located on a single optical axis O1. In order to enable this third embodiment to be better understood, fig. 4 shows an exploded schematic view of the
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Light rays passing through the outer wall 1017 of the conical surface strike the
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The real image thus formed is formed in the area of the second
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The optical system shown in this third embodiment is particularly compact and economical to manufacture, since it results from the assembly of the two
In summary, the invention relates in particular to an optical system 1 and an interior motor
Of course, the invention is not limited to the examples just described, and many modifications may be made to these examples without departing from the scope of the invention. In particular, the various features, forms, variants and embodiments of the invention can be associated with one another in various combinations, as long as they are not mutually incompatible or mutually exclusive. In particular, all the variants and embodiments described above can be combined with one another.
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