阅读说明：本技术 Fdm打印产品支撑结构及打印方法 (FDM printing product supporting structure and printing method ) 是由 王峰 赵阳 任铁峰 孙占伟 于 2019-10-31 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及增材制造技术领域,尤其涉及一种FDM打印产品支撑结构及打印方法。一种FDM打印产品支撑结构,包括打印产品悬空部位下方的支撑结构,其特征在于,所述支撑结构包括至少一层支撑区域,每层所述支撑区域具有网格结构,且下层所述支撑区域网格间距大于上层所述支撑区域网格间距。根据支撑结构的尺寸参数确定FDM设备的打印参数,使用逐层渐变式网格支撑结构,有效节省支撑结构的材料、减少打印支撑结构消耗的时间,同时,能够对打印产品起到支撑作用并保证打印产品不塌陷。(The invention relates to the technical field of additive manufacturing, in particular to an FDM printed product supporting structure and a printing method. The utility model provides a FDM prints product bearing structure, is including the bearing structure of the unsettled position below of printing product, its characterized in that, bearing structure includes that at least one deck supports the region, every layer it has the grid structure to support the region, and the lower floor support regional grid interval and be greater than the upper strata support regional grid interval. According to the size parameter of the supporting structure, the printing parameters of the FDM equipment are determined, the layer-by-layer gradual-change type grid supporting structure is used, the material of the supporting structure is effectively saved, the time consumed by the printing supporting structure is reduced, and meanwhile, the supporting effect on a printed product can be achieved and the printed product is guaranteed not to collapse.)

1. The utility model provides a FDM prints product bearing structure, is including the bearing structure of the unsettled position below of printing product, its characterized in that, bearing structure includes that at least one deck supports the region, every layer it has the grid structure to support the region, and the lower floor support regional grid interval and be greater than the upper strata support regional grid interval.

2. An FDM printed product support structure in accordance with claim 1 in which for each adjacent two of the layers of support regions the lower layer has a support region grid spacing which is 2 times the support region grid spacing of the upper layer.

3. An FDM printed product support structure in accordance with claim 1 in which for each adjacent two of said support regions, every other grid line of the upper grid structure of said support regions overlaps with a grid line of the lower grid structure of said support regions.

4. An FDM printed product support structure in accordance with claim 1 wherein when the support structure has multiple support regions, the remaining support regions, excluding the underlying support region, have a print layer thickness of 6.

5. A printing method, characterized in that applying the FDM printed product support structure according to any one of claims 1-4, comprising the printing steps of:

firstly, determining the grid spacing a of the support region of the bottom layer according to the maximum spacing dimension L of the bottom surface of the support structure and the printing line width b₁The grid spacing a of the bottom layer of the support area₁The maximum spacing dimension L of the bottom surface of the supporting structure is smaller than or equal to, and the printing line width b is larger than the printing layer thickness delta;

secondly, according to the grid spacing a of the support area at the bottom layer₁Determining the number N of layers of the supporting region and the printing height H of each layer of the supporting region by the total height H and the printing layer thickness delta of the supporting structure, thereby obtaining the printing parameters of the supporting structure;

thirdly, software development: writing the printing parameters of the supporting structure into a program and importing the program into slicing software;

fourthly, generating a program: importing a printed product into slicing software, and setting parameters of the supporting area of each layer;

and fifthly, printing a product: and importing the generated program into the FDM printer to start printing the product.

6. A printing method according to claim 5, wherein when the support structure base surface maximum pitch dimension L satisfies: when L is more than 0 and less than 40b, the grid spacing a of the support area at the bottom layer₁Satisfies the following conditions: 0 < a₁＜10b；

When the maximum spacing dimension L of the bottom surface of the support structure meets the following requirements: when L is more than or equal to 40b and less than 160b, the grid spacing a of the support area at the bottom layer₁Satisfies the following conditions: a is more than or equal to 10b₁＜20b；

When saidThe maximum spacing dimension L of the bottom surface of the support structure satisfies: when L is more than or equal to 160b, the grid spacing a of the support area at the bottom layer₁Satisfies the following conditions: 20b is less than or equal to a₁≤30b。

7. The printing method of claim 6, wherein a grid spacing a of said support areas is provided when said support areas are underlying₁Satisfies the following conditions: 0 < a₁< 10b, the total height H of the support structure is such that: when H > 6 δ, the number N of layers of the support region is 2, and the printing height H of the support region on the upper layer is 2₂6 δ, the printing height h of the underlying support area₁＝H-h₂；

When the grid interval a of the support area is arranged at the bottom layer₁Satisfies the following conditions: a is more than or equal to 10b₁< 20b, the total height H of the support structure satisfies: when H is more than 6 delta and less than or equal to 12 delta, the number of layers N of the support area is 2, and the printing height H of the upper layer of the support area₂6 δ, the printing height h of the underlying support area₁＝H-h₂(ii) a The total height H of the support structure satisfies: when H is greater than 12 δ, the number N of layers of the support region is 3, the printing height H of each layer of the support region on the upper two layers is 6 δ, and the printing height H of the support region on the bottom layer is 6 δ₁＝H-2h；

When the grid interval a of the support area is arranged at the bottom layer₁Satisfies the following conditions: 20b is less than or equal to a₁When the number of the layers is less than or equal to 30b, the number of the layers of the support area

8. Printing method according to claim 5, characterised in that when the overall height H of the support structure satisfies: and when H is less than 6 delta, the number N of the support areas is 1, and the printing height of the support areas at the bottom layer is H.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of additive manufacturing, in particular to an FDM printed product supporting structure and a printing method.

Background

FDM is a short hand for "Fused Deposition Modeling", that is, Fused Deposition Modeling, and belongs to one of 3D printing and molding processes, and the principle thereof is as follows: the heating spray head is controlled by a computer to do X-Y plane motion according to the section profile information of a product part, thermoplastic wires or granular materials are pushed to a heating device by a pushing device, heated and melted in the heating device to be semi-liquid, then extruded out, selectively coated on a workbench, and rapidly cooled to form a layer of thin sheet profile. And after the section of one layer is formed, the workbench descends by a certain height, then cladding of the next layer is carried out, the section outline is 'drawn' layer by layer as if, and the steps are repeated, and finally the three-dimensional die part is formed.

Because the FDM forming process is a layer-by-layer build-up forming process, a support structure is often needed to assist printing when printing some products with cavities or products with partial structures suspended. The common support structure has various types such as a wire strip shape, a square grid shape, a diamond grid shape, a honeycomb shape and the like, and the grid size can be set through software parameters. Assuming that the total height of the support structure is H, in the conventional support structure, the support cross section in the H height area is a grid with the same size, when the grid is smaller, the printing support structure consumes more printing material and time, and when the grid is larger, the failure to meet the support of the product causes the product to collapse during printing.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide an FDM printing product supporting structure and a printing method.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a FDM prints product bearing structure, is including the bearing structure of the unsettled position below of printing product, bearing structure includes that at least one deck supports the region, and every layer it has the grid structure to support the region, and lower floor it is greater than the upper strata to support regional grid interval.

Furthermore, the grid spacing of the support area of each two adjacent layers is 2 times that of the support area of the upper layer.

Furthermore, every two adjacent layers of the supporting areas, the grid lines of the grid structure of the supporting area at the upper layer are overlapped with the grid lines of the grid structure of the supporting area at the lower layer at intervals of one grid line.

Further, when the supporting structure is provided with a plurality of layers of supporting areas, the printing layer thickness of the rest of the supporting areas except the supporting areas at the bottom layer is 6 layers.

A printing method, which applies the FDM to print a product supporting structure, comprises the following printing steps:

firstly, determining the grid spacing a of the support region of the bottom layer according to the maximum spacing dimension L of the bottom surface of the support structure and the printing line width b₁The grid spacing a of the bottom layer of the support area₁The maximum spacing dimension L of the bottom surface of the supporting structure is smaller than or equal to, and the printing line width b is larger than the printing layer thickness delta;

secondly, according to the grid spacing a of the support area at the bottom layer₁Determining the number N of layers of the supporting region and the printing height H of each layer of the supporting region by the total height H and the printing layer thickness delta of the supporting structure, thereby obtaining the printing parameters of the supporting structure;

thirdly, software development: writing the printing parameters of the supporting structure into a program and importing the program into slicing software;

fourthly, generating a program: importing a printed product into slicing software, and setting parameters of the supporting area of each layer;

and fifthly, printing a product: and importing the generated program into the FDM printer to start printing the product.

Further, when the maximum spacing dimension L of the bottom surface of the support structure satisfies: when L is more than 0 and less than 40b, the grid spacing a of the support area at the bottom layer₁Satisfies the following conditions: 0 < a₁＜10b；

When the maximum spacing dimension L of the bottom surface of the support structure meets the following requirements: when L is more than or equal to 40b and less than 160b, the bottom layer of the supportGrid spacing of regions a₁Satisfies the following conditions: a is more than or equal to 10b₁＜20b；

When the maximum spacing dimension L of the bottom surface of the support structure meets the following requirements: when L is more than or equal to 160b, the grid spacing a of the support area at the bottom layer₁Satisfies the following conditions: 20b is less than or equal to a₁≤30b。

Further, when the grid spacing a of the support area is at the bottom layer₁Satisfies the following conditions: 0 < a₁< 10b, the total height H of the support structure is such that: when H > 6 δ, the number N of layers of the support region is 2, and the printing height H of the support region on the upper layer is 2₂6 δ, the printing height h of the underlying support area₁＝H-h₂；

When the grid interval a of the support area is arranged at the bottom layer₁Satisfies the following conditions: a is more than or equal to 10b₁< 20b, the total height H of the support structure satisfies: when H is more than 6 delta and less than or equal to 12 delta, the number of layers N of the support area is 2, and the printing height H of the upper layer of the support area₂6 δ, the printing height h of the underlying support area₁＝H-h₂(ii) a The total height H of the support structure satisfies: when H is greater than 12 δ, the number N of layers of the support region is 3, the printing height H of each layer of the support region on the upper two layers is 6 δ, and the printing height H of the support region on the bottom layer is 6 δ₁＝H-2h；

When the grid interval a of the support area is arranged at the bottom layer₁Satisfies the following conditions: 20b is less than or equal to a₁When the number of the layers is less than or equal to 30b, the number of the layers N of the support area is [6H delta +1 ]](ii) a When the total height H of the support structure satisfies: when H is more than 6 delta, the printing height H of each layer of the supporting area of the upper N-1 layer is 6 delta, and the printing height H of the supporting area of the bottom layer is 6 delta₁＝H-(N-1)h。

Further, when the total height H of the support structure satisfies: h₂If the number of layers is less than 6 delta, the number of layers N of the support area is 1, and the printing height of the support area at the bottom layer is H.

The invention relates to an FDM printing product supporting structure and a printing method, wherein a layer-by-layer gradual-change type grid supporting structure is used for replacing a conventional constant and unchangeable grid supporting structure, so that the material of the supporting structure is effectively saved, and the time consumed by printing the supporting structure is reduced; meanwhile, the layer-by-layer gradual-change type grid supporting structure solves the problem of commonality of the supporting structure in the FDM forming field, and can effectively support the printed product and ensure that the printed product is not collapsed.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a support structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a first layer support structure according to one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a second layer support structure in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;

figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of a third layer support structure according to one embodiment of the present invention.

Wherein, 1-product; 2-a dangling part; and 3, supporting the structure.

Detailed Description

To facilitate an understanding of the invention, the invention will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In the present invention, unless otherwise specifically defined and limited, terms are to be construed broadly, and specific meanings of the terms in the present invention may be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

Referring to fig. 1, when printing a product 1 by using FDM molding process, a cavity portion or a suspension portion 2 of the product 1 needs to be printed by a support structure 3.

Referring to fig. 2 to 3, an FDM printed product support structure includes a support structure 3 below a suspended portion 2 of a printed product 1, where the support structure 3 includes at least one layer of support region, each layer of support region has at least one print layer, and each layer of support region has a grid structure, and the grid spacing of the lower layer of support region is greater than the grid spacing of the upper layer of support region, so as to save the material of the support structure 3. In fig. 1, the support structure 3 comprises three support areas, from bottom to top, each having a print height h₁、h₂And h₃。

In one embodiment of the invention, the grid spacing of the lower support area is 2 times the grid spacing of the upper support area for each adjacent two-layer support area.

Every two adjacent support areas, the grid structure of the upper support area overlaps with the grid line of the grid structure of the lower support area at intervals of one grid line. That is, taking fig. 2 and fig. 3 as an example, when printing the support region of the second layer, the extrusion head of the FDM printer may continue to print on the grid line of the support region of the first layer, every other printing line of the grid structure in the support region of the second layer overlaps with the printing line of the grid of the support region of the first layer, the rest printing lines are suspended, and the support region of the second layer will support the support region of the first layer. When the support structure 3 has multiple support areas, the remaining support areas, except for the bottom support area, have a print layer thickness of 6 layers for further savings.

A printing method of an FDM printing product supporting structure uses the FDM printing product supporting structure 3. The maximum distance dimension of the bottom surface of the supporting structure 3 is defined as L, the total height of the supporting structure 3 is defined as H, the height of each layer of supporting area is defined as H, and then the heights of the first layer to the Nth layer of supporting area are respectively defined as H₁、h₂、h₃……h_N(ii) a The grid interval of each layer of support area is a, and the grid intervals from the first layer to the Nth layer of support area are a₁、a₂、a₃……a_N(ii) a The print line width is b and the print layer thickness is δ. The relationship satisfies: a is₁＝2a₂，a₂＝2a₃……a_N-1＝2a_NAnd the grid lines of the support area of the upper layer can fall on the grid lines of the support area of the lower layer every other grid line. From bottom to top, the net size in every layer of net support area reduces gradually, and the lower floor uses big net, effectively saves bearing structure 3's material, reduces the time that printing bearing structure 3 consumed, and the upper strata uses little net to play the supporting role to printed product 1, prevents that printed product from collapsing. Grid spacing a of the underlying support area, i.e. the first layer support area₁The maximum spacing dimension L of the bottom surface of the support structure is less than or equal to the maximum spacing dimension L of the bottom surface of the support structure, and the printing line width b is greater than the printing layer thickness delta.

A printing method, which applies the FDM to print a product supporting structure, comprises the following printing steps:

firstly, determining the grid spacing a of the bottom layer support area according to the maximum spacing dimension L of the bottom surface of the support structure 3 and the printing line width b₁；

Second, according to the grid spacing a of the underlying support area₁Determining the number N of layers of the supporting area and the printing height H of each layer of supporting area by the total height H and the printing layer thickness delta of the supporting structure 3, thereby obtaining the printing parameters of the supporting structure 3;

thirdly, software development: writing the printing parameters of the support structure 3 into a program and importing the program into slicing software;

fourthly, generating a program: importing the printed product into slicing software, and setting parameters of each layer of support area;

and fifthly, printing a product: and importing the generated program into the FDM printer to start printing the product.

Determining the grid spacing a of the bottom layer support region according to the maximum spacing dimension L of the bottom surface of the support structure 3 and the printing line width b₁There are three cases:

when the maximum spacing dimension L of the bottom surface of the support structure 3 satisfies: when L is more than 0 and less than 40b, the grid spacing a of the bottom layer support area₁Satisfies the following conditions: 0 < a₁＜10b；

When the maximum spacing dimension L of the bottom surface of the support structure 3 satisfies: when L is more than or equal to 40b and less than 160b, the grid spacing a of the bottom layer support area₁Satisfies the following conditions: a is more than or equal to 10b₁＜20b；

When the maximum spacing dimension L of the bottom surface of the support structure 3 satisfies: when L is more than or equal to 160b, the grid spacing a of the bottom layer support area₁Satisfies the following conditions: 20b is less than or equal to a₁≤30b。

Grid spacing a according to underlying support area₁The total height H and the printing layer thickness δ of the support structure determine the number of layers N of the support region and the printing height H of each layer of the support region, and are divided into the following three cases:

when the grid spacing of the underlying support area is a₁Satisfies the following conditions: 0 < a₁< 10b, the total height H of the support structure 3 is such that: when H > 6 δ, the number of layers N of the support region becomes 2, and the print height H of the upper support region₂6 δ, print height h of underlying support area₁＝H-h₂；

When the grid spacing of the underlying support area is a₁Satisfies the following conditions: a is more than or equal to 10b₁< 20b, the overall height H of the support structure 3 is such that: when H is more than 6 delta and less than or equal to 12 delta, the layer number N of the supporting area is 2, and the printing height H of the upper supporting area₂6 δ, print height h of underlying support area₁＝H-h₂(ii) a The overall height H of the support structure 3 satisfies: when H > 12 δ, the number of layers N of the support regions is 3, the printing height H of each support region of the upper two layers is 6 δ, and the printing height H of the support region of the bottom layer is 6 δ₁＝H-2h；

When the grid spacing of the underlying support area is a₁Satisfies the following conditions: 20b is less than or equal to a₁When the thickness is less than or equal to 30b, the number of layers of the supporting area

When the total height H of the support structure 3 satisfies: when H is more than 6 delta, the printing height H of each layer of supporting area of the upper N-1 layer is 6 delta, and the printing height H of the bottom layer of supporting area is 6 delta₁＝H-(N-1)h。

It should be noted that, when the total height H of the support structure 3 satisfies: h₂If < 6 δ, the number of layers N of the support region is 1, and the printing height of the underlying support region is H. And in each two adjacent layers of support areas, the grid spacing of the lower layer of support area is 2 times of the grid spacing of the upper layer of support area. Function y ═ x]Called the rounding function, also called the gaussian function; where the largest integer that does not exceed the real number x is referred to as the integer part of x. Namely, it is

Representing the height of every 6 print layers thick, dividing one layer of support area.

Referring to fig. 1 to 4, in an embodiment of the present invention, it is assumed that the total height H of the support structure 3 is 100mm, the maximum pitch dimension L of the bottom surface of the support structure 3 is 300mm, the printing layer thickness δ is 2mm, and the printing line width b is 5 mm. Due to the maximum distance dimension L e [40b,160b ], i.e. L e [300mm,800mm), of the bottom surface of the support structure 3, the grid distance a of the support areas of the first layer is determined₁E [10b,20b) i.e. a₁∈[50mm,100mm)。

Taking the grid spacing a of the first layer of support area₁The total height H > 12 δ of the support structure 3, i.e. H > 24mm, 80mm, the print height H of the support areas of the third and second layers₃＝h₂Print height h of first layer support area, 6 δ 12mm₁＝H-h₃-h₂76 mm. The grid spacing of the three layers of support areas satisfies a₁＝2a₂，a₂＝2a_3，The grid spacing of the second layer of support areas is 40mm, and the grid spacing of the third layer of support areas is 20 mm.

Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments or portions thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.