阅读说明：本技术 一种可调流道转动轴动密封结构 (Movable sealing structure of adjustable flow passage rotating shaft ) 是由 国兆普 杜江毅 刘胜 满延进 朱守梅 于 2019-11-11 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种可调流道转动轴动密封结构,所述流道为进气道,进气道包括：外压缩面、侧板、唇口板、内压缩段底板、附面层吸除通道、吸除腔前壁、吸除腔下壁、吸除腔后壁、吸除腔侧壁、吸除腔出口；所述内压缩段底板上设计有附面层吸除通道,使内压缩段底板周围的附面层低能流体由附面层吸除通道排出进气道内通道；内压缩段底板下部设有吸除腔封闭腔体,由附面层吸除通道排出进气道内通道的低能流体进入吸除腔封闭腔体,然后排出发动机。本发明对于呈二元或近似呈二元特征的发动机流道壁面,可以实现驱动杆力臂有效增长,降低驱动装置输出力需求和空间需求。(The invention discloses a dynamic seal structure of an adjustable flow passage rotating shaft, wherein the flow passage is an air inlet passage, and the air inlet passage comprises: the outer compression surface, the side plate, the lip plate, the bottom plate of the inner compression section, the absorption channel of the boundary layer, the front wall of the absorption cavity, the lower wall of the absorption cavity, the rear wall of the absorption cavity, the side wall of the absorption cavity and the outlet of the absorption cavity; an adhesive layer adsorption channel is designed on the bottom plate of the inner compression section, so that the adhesive layer low-energy fluid around the bottom plate of the inner compression section is discharged from the inner channel of the air inlet channel through the adhesive layer adsorption channel; the lower part of the bottom plate of the inner compression section is provided with a closed cavity of a suction cavity, and low-energy fluid discharged from a channel in an air inlet channel by a suction channel of the boundary layer enters the closed cavity of the suction cavity and then is discharged out of the engine. The invention can effectively increase the force arm of the driving rod for the engine runner wall surface with binary or approximately binary characteristics, and reduce the output force requirement and the space requirement of the driving device.)

1. The utility model provides an adjustable runner rotating shaft moves seal structure, the runner is the intake duct, and the intake duct includes: the outer compression surface (6), the side plate (7), the lip plate (8), the inner compression section bottom plate (9), the boundary layer absorbing channel (10), the absorbing cavity front wall (11), the absorbing cavity lower wall (12), the absorbing cavity rear wall (13), the absorbing cavity side wall (14) and the absorbing cavity outlet (15); the air inlet structure is symmetrically distributed relative to an XY plane, and the side plate (7), the lip plate (8), the bottom plate (9) of the inner compression section and the hidden part on the other side of the symmetric plane form an inner channel of the air inlet; the captured air flow flows along an outer compression surface (6) and an inner channel of the air inlet channel, and after undergoing a deceleration and pressurization process, the main flow flows to a downstream part of the air inlet channel along the X direction; wherein, the XYZ three-dimensional coordinate system is as follows: the Y direction is a normal direction, the Z direction is a spreading direction, and the X direction is a flow direction; the device is characterized in that a boundary layer absorbing and removing channel (10) is designed on the bottom plate (9) of the inner compression section, so that low-energy fluid of the boundary layer around the bottom plate (9) of the inner compression section is discharged from the inner channel of the air inlet channel through the boundary layer absorbing and removing channel (10); the lower part of the bottom plate (9) of the inner compression section is provided with a closed cavity of a suction cavity, and low-energy fluid discharged from a channel in an air inlet channel by a suction channel (10) of a boundary layer enters the closed cavity of the suction cavity and then is discharged out of an engine.

2. The dynamic seal structure of the adjustable flow channel rotating shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that the front wall (11) of the suction cavity, the lower wall (12) of the suction cavity, the rear wall (13) of the suction cavity and the side wall (14) of the suction cavity form a closed cavity of the suction cavity.

3. The dynamic seal structure of the adjustable flow channel rotating shaft according to claim 2, characterized in that the suction cavity closed cavity is further provided with a suction cavity outlet (15), and the low-energy fluid discharged from the channel in the air inlet channel by the boundary layer suction channel (10) enters the suction cavity closed cavity and then is discharged out of the engine by the lateral suction cavity outlet (15).

4. The dynamic seal structure of the adjustable flow channel rotating shaft according to claim 3, characterized in that a bottom plate front hinge (16) and a bottom plate rear hinge (17) are respectively arranged at two ends of the bottom plate (9) of the inner compression section, a suction cavity lower wall back hinge (18) is arranged below the suction cavity lower wall (12), and the driving rod (19) rotates around the bottom plate back hinge (18) to realize the geometric motion of the bottom plate (9) of the inner compression section.

5. The adjustable flow channel rotary shaft dynamic seal structure of claim 4, characterized in that the bottom plate front hinge (16) is connected with the flow channel profile at the upstream of the bottom plate (9) of the inner compression section to realize the rotation of the bottom plate (9) of the inner compression section.

6. The dynamic seal structure of the adjustable flow channel rotating shaft as claimed in claim 5, wherein two groups of drive rods (19) are provided, and the translational lifting of the bottom plate (9) of the inner compression section can be realized.

7. The dynamic seal structure of the adjustable flow channel rotating shaft according to claim 6, characterized in that a front bottom plate hinge (16) and a rear bottom plate hinge (17) are respectively arranged at two ends of the bottom plate (9) of the inner compression section, an inner compression section bottom plate back hinge (20) is arranged at the back of the bottom plate (9) of the inner compression section, the inner compression section bottom plate back hinge (20) is positioned in a suction cavity formed by the front suction cavity wall (11), the lower suction cavity wall (12) and the rear suction cavity wall (13), and the drive rod (19) rotates around the inner compression section bottom plate back hinge (20) to realize the geometric motion of the bottom plate (9) of the inner compression section.

8. The adjustable flow path rotary shaft dynamic seal structure as claimed in claim 7, wherein said inner compression section floor back hinge (20) comprises: the suction cavity comprises a suction cavity inner side wall (21), a hinge shaft (22), a sealing ring (23), a sealing ring gland (24) and a fastening nut (25); two coaxial equal-diameter hinge shaft holes are respectively arranged on the inner side wall (21) of the absorption cavity and the symmetrical side structure of the absorption cavity, a hinge shaft hole is arranged on the driving rod (19), and the diameters of the three holes are equal; then, a hinge shaft (22) penetrates through the hinge hole, a sealing ring (23) and a sealing ring gland (24) are sequentially arranged on the outer side of the hinge shaft (22), and a fastening nut (25) is used for forming a pretightening force in the same direction as the axial direction of the hinge shaft (22); a hinge matching surface (26) in the middle of the hinge shaft (22) is matched with the driving rod (19) and the inner side wall (21) of the suction cavity in an installing way, and a hinge sealing end surface (27) is flush with the end surface of the inner side wall (21) of the suction cavity and the sealing ring (23); a matching surface (28) on the outer side of the hinge shaft (22) is matched with the surface of an inner hole of the sealing ring (23); the screw thread (29) and the straight fixing groove (30) at the outer end of the hinge shaft (22) are used for fastening the nut (25).

9. The adjustable flow path rotary shaft dynamic seal structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein said lip plate (8) is a fixed profile.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of air-breathing ramjet engines, and relates to a dynamic sealing structure of an adjustable flow passage rotating shaft.

Background

The adjustable air inlet channel is an effective technical way for realizing wide-range work and multi-point performance optimization of the wide-Mach-number multi-mode working engine. The adjustable air inlet channel scheme represented by throat adjustment has the characteristics of wide application range, moderate structure realization cost and the like, and an adjusting structure scheme considering both flow control and adjusting cost needs to be provided aiming at the adjusting requirements.

Firstly, a dynamic sealing scheme is required to be introduced into the adjustable flow passage scheme, so that a passage through which high-temperature and high-pressure airflow in the flow passage enters the accessory cavity is cut off, and the problem that equipment in the accessory cavity is damaged due to out-of-control working environment is solved. The technical disclosure reports of high-temperature dynamic sealing are few, most industrial components or raw materials are developed in the current published documents, and the reports of the high-temperature dynamic sealing scheme for the adjustable flow channel of the wide Mach number multimode working engine are rare. Therefore, the high-temperature dynamic sealing scheme design needs to be considered in structural design.

Secondly, as can be known from the basic sealing principle, in order to realize the sealing function in the flow channel profile adjusting process, pretightening force needs to be configured to keep the sealing material attached to the sealing surface, so that the sealing material inevitably brings friction force when moving along with the adjustable flow channel, and the requirement of the output force of the driving device of the adjusting mechanism is increased. On the other hand, the drive output is limited by engine power management and mass/space requirements and cannot be increased indefinitely for "absolute" sealing, driving force requirements. Therefore, a fine design of the adjustment mechanism is required, alleviating the need for adjustment of the driving force.

Disclosure of Invention

Objects of the invention

The purpose of the invention is: aiming at a geometric flow passage with approximate binary geometric characteristics and considering the requirements of flow control and adjustment cost, a movable sealing structure of an adjustable flow passage rotating shaft is provided.

(II) technical scheme

In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a dynamic seal structure of an adjustable flow passage rotating shaft, wherein the flow passage is an air inlet passage, and the air inlet passage comprises: the outer compression surface 6, the side plate 7, the lip plate 8, the inner compression section bottom plate 9, the boundary layer adsorption channel 10, the adsorption cavity front wall 11, the adsorption cavity lower wall 12, the adsorption cavity rear wall 13, the adsorption cavity side wall 14 and the adsorption cavity outlet 15; the air inlet structures are symmetrically distributed relative to an XY plane, and the side plate 7, the lip plate 8, the bottom plate 9 of the inner compression section and the hidden part at the other side of the symmetric plane form an inner channel of the air inlet; the captured air flow flows along the outer compression surface 6 and the channel in the air inlet channel, and after undergoing a deceleration and pressurization process, the main flow flows to the downstream part of the air inlet channel along the X direction; wherein, the XYZ three-dimensional coordinate system is as follows: the Y direction is a normal direction, the Z direction is a spreading direction, and the X direction is a flow direction; a boundary layer absorbing passage 10 is designed on the bottom plate 9 of the inner compression section, so that the boundary layer low-energy fluid around the bottom plate 9 of the inner compression section is discharged from the inner passage of the air inlet channel through the boundary layer absorbing passage 10; the lower part of the bottom plate 9 of the inner compression section is provided with a closed cavity of a suction cavity, and low-energy fluid discharged from the channel in the air inlet channel by the absorption channel 10 of the boundary layer enters the closed cavity of the suction cavity and then is discharged out of the engine.

Wherein, the suction cavity front wall 11, the suction cavity lower wall 12, the suction cavity rear wall 13 and the suction cavity side wall 14 form a suction cavity closed cavity.

Wherein, still be provided with on the closed cavity of gettering chamber and absorb chamber export 15, absorb the low energy fluid of passageway in the passageway by the boundary layer by boundary layer 10 and get into and absorb the closed cavity of chamber after by the side direction and absorb chamber export 15 and discharge the engine.

Two ends of the inner compression section bottom plate 9 are respectively provided with a bottom plate front hinge 16 and a bottom plate rear hinge 17, a suction cavity lower wall back hinge 18 is arranged below the suction cavity lower wall 12, and the driving rod 19 rotates around the bottom plate back hinge 18 to realize the geometric motion of the inner compression section bottom plate 9.

The bottom plate front hinge 16 is connected with a runner profile at the upstream of the inner compression section bottom plate 9, so that the inner compression section bottom plate 9 rotates.

Two groups of driving rods 19 are arranged, and translation lifting of the bottom plate 9 of the inner compression section can be realized.

Wherein, the both ends of interior compression section bottom plate 9 set up hinge 16 before the bottom plate respectively and behind the bottom plate hinge 17 in compression section bottom plate 9 back set up interior compression section bottom plate back hinge 20, interior compression section bottom plate back hinge 20 is located the absorption intracavity portion that removes chamber antetheca 11, absorption chamber lower wall 12, absorption chamber back wall 13 and constitute, and actuating lever 19 rotates around interior compression section bottom plate back hinge 20, realizes the geometric motion of interior compression section bottom plate 9.

Wherein the inner compression section floor back hinge 20 comprises: the suction cavity inner side wall 21, the hinge shaft 22, the sealing ring 23, the sealing ring gland 24 and the fastening nut 25; the inner side wall 21 of the absorption cavity and the symmetrical side structure thereof are respectively provided with two coaxial hinge shaft holes with equal diameters, the driving rod 19 is provided with a hinge shaft hole, and the diameters of the three holes are equal; then, a hinge shaft 22 penetrates through the hinge hole, a sealing ring 23 and a sealing ring gland 24 are sequentially arranged on the outer side of the hinge shaft 22, and a fastening nut 25 is used for forming a pretightening force in the same axial direction as that of the hinge shaft 22; a hinge matching surface 26 in the middle of the hinge shaft 22 is matched with the driving rod 19 and the inner side wall 21 of the suction cavity in an installing way, and a hinge sealing end surface 27 is flush with the end surface of the inner side wall 21 of the suction cavity and the sealing ring 23; a matching surface 28 on the outer side of the hinge shaft 22 is matched with the inner hole surface of the sealing ring 23; the screw thread 29 and the "straight" fixing groove 30 at the outer end of the hinge shaft 22 are used when the nut 25 is fastened.

Wherein the lip plate 8 is a fixed profile.

(III) advantageous effects

The dynamic seal structure of the adjustable runner rotating shaft provided by the technical scheme can effectively increase the force arm of the driving rod for the engine runner wall surface with binary or approximately binary characteristics, and reduce the output force requirement and the space requirement of the driving device.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a channel profile adjustment for near binary characteristics.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a binary inlet channel profile.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a basic flow channel profile adjustment scheme.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a modification of the flow channel profile adjustment.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a modification of the flow channel profile adjustment.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a hinge shaft structure.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, contents and advantages of the present invention clearer, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples.

First, a basic form of the intake passage geometry adjustment will be explained. The geometrical adjustment as shown in fig. 1 mainly presents a fixed axis rotation and an elevating translation, and the flow channel profile is characterized by a two-dimensional cross section, wherein: (1)1 type surface-O₁A₁At O₁Is hinged with other flow passage structures of the engine to enable the molded surface to wind around the O₁Is rotated to O₁A₂A location;

(2)2 type surface-B₁C₁3 type surface-C₁D. 4-type surface-DE and 5-type surface-B₁E four molded surfaces are in parallelogram characteristics, all the molded surfaces are connected through hinges in sequence, and if the molded surface DE is taken as relative motion reference, the molded surface 3-C₁D and 5 profiles-B₁E rotates around the fixed axis of each rotation center to realize 2-type surface-B₁C₁Translation is raised to B₂C₂Location. It should be noted that, for the translational lifting movement, other movement mechanisms may be used to achieve the same adjustment function. In view of ensuring the performance of the air inlet, the flow passage profile is required to be smooth. Therefore, it is desirable to provide the hinge connection structure at the back of the adjustable profile away from the runner channel for both rotational and translational adjustment requirements.

Next, a description will be given of a binary intake duct. Considering the geometric symmetry characteristic of the binary inlet, a flow channel structure as shown in fig. 2 is formed, and the inlet mainly includes: the outer compression surface 6, the side plate 7, the lip plate 8, the inner compression section bottom plate 9, the boundary layer absorbing channel 10, the absorbing cavity front wall 11, the absorbing cavity lower wall 12, the absorbing cavity rear wall 13, the absorbing cavity side wall 14 and the absorbing cavity outlet 15. The inlet structures are symmetrically distributed with respect to the XY plane. The side plate 7, the lip plate 8, the bottom plate 9 of the inner compression section and the other side hidden part of the symmetrical plane form an inner channel of the air inlet channel. The trapped air flows along the outer compression surface 6 and the channel in the air inlet channel, and undergoes a deceleration and pressurization process, and the main flow flows to the downstream part of the air inlet channel approximately along the X direction and flows along the direction of the gray thick arrow. From the flow field distribution characteristics, it can be known that a thicker boundary layer is easily formed near the bottom plate 9 of the inner compression section, flow characteristics unfavorable for the performance of the air inlet channel are formed, boundary layer separation, shock wave/boundary layer interaction and the like are formed. Therefore, the boundary layer suction passage 10 is designed on the bottom plate 9 of the inner compression section, so that the boundary layer low-energy fluid near the bottom plate 9 of the inner compression section is discharged out of the passage in the air inlet channel through the boundary layer suction passage 10. On the other hand, a cavity structure is arranged at the lower part of the bottom plate 9 of the internal compression section, taking fig. 2 as an example, a suction cavity front wall 11, a suction cavity lower wall 12, a suction cavity rear wall 13 and a suction cavity side wall 14 form a suction cavity closed cavity (the other side of the symmetrical plane is hidden) excluding the suction cavity outlet 15, low-energy fluid of the channel in the air inlet channel is discharged through the boundary layer suction channel 10, enters the suction cavity closed cavity, and is discharged out of the engine through the lateral suction cavity outlet 15 (flows along the direction of a thin white arrow).

For Ma4-7 ramjet engines and wide-range wide mach number multimode work engines, the air intake ducts tend to be located at the nose or front of the aircraft, in contrast to the relatively tight Y-direction (normal) constraints of the aircraft/engine, followed by the Z-direction (span-wise) and more relaxed X-direction (flow-wise). Therefore, the structure needs to be designed with special attention to the space occupation requirement in the Y direction (normal direction).

Subsequently, the adjustable inlet geometry profile will be explained. This patent is emphatically solved the 9 interior compression section bottom plates geometry and is adjusted the structural problem who brings. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, it can be easily found that the air intake duct profile adjusting function can be realized based on the fixed-axis rotation form. Therefore, two design requirements of boundary layer suction and fixed-axis rotation of the molded surface are selected to form an adjustment basic scheme as shown in fig. 3, wherein an outer rectangular dotted frame represents space requirements (especially Y-direction constraint). Specifically, the lip plate 8 is a fixed profile, and the bottom plate 9 of the inner compression section is provided with a boundary layer adsorption channel 10, so that the low-energy boundary layer fluid on the upper side of the lip plate can enter a lower adsorption cavity (the side plate 7 and the side wall 14 of the adsorption cavity are not shown in the figure) formed by an adsorption cavity front wall 11, an adsorption cavity lower wall 12 and an adsorption cavity rear wall 13. A bottom plate front hinge 16 and a bottom plate rear hinge 17 are respectively arranged at two ends of the inner compression section bottom plate 9, and a suction cavity lower wall back hinge 18 is arranged below the suction cavity lower wall 12. Because the inner compression section bottom plate 9, the suction cavity front wall 11, the suction cavity lower wall 12 and the suction cavity rear wall 13 are in a rigid connection structure, the geometric motion requirement of the inner compression section bottom plate 9 can be realized under the action of the driving rod 19 (rotating around the bottom plate back hinge 18). For example, if the front base plate hinge 16 is connected to the flow channel profile upstream of the inner compression section base plate 9, the rotation of the inner compression section base plate 9 can be realized; if two groups of driving rods 19 are arranged according to the principle of fig. 1(b), the translational lifting of the bottom plate 9 of the inner compression section can be realized.

Fig. 4 shows the improvement formed based on fig. 3, i.e. the design innovation point proposed by this patent. Compared with the prior art, the improvement scheme shown in fig. 4 changes the suction cavity lower wall back hinge 18 into the inner compression section bottom plate back hinge 20, the force arm size of the driving rod 19 is directly increased, and when the inner compression section bottom plate 9 needs to complete the same motion rule, the mechanical load is approximately unchanged (the moment is approximately unchanged), so that the driving force requirement caused by profile adjustment can be effectively saved. Certainly, since the inner compression section bottom plate back hinge 20 is located at the back of the inner compression section bottom plate 9 and inside the suction cavity (mainly composed of the suction cavity front wall 11, the suction cavity lower wall 12 and the suction cavity rear wall 13), the dynamic sealing problem of the inner compression section bottom plate back hinge 20 in the moving process needs to be considered, and high-temperature air flow in the wall suction cavity enters the accessory cavity through the hinge connection gap.

Finally, a specific structure of the flow channel profile adjustment modification is explained. FIG. 5 shows a three-dimensional model of the modification shown in FIG. 4, with previously described design features including: the device comprises an inner compression section bottom plate 9, a boundary layer adsorption channel 10, an adsorption cavity front wall 11, an adsorption cavity lower wall 12, an adsorption cavity rear wall 13, an adsorption cavity side wall 14, a bottom plate front hinge 16, a bottom plate rear hinge 17 and a driving rod 19. Aiming at the hinge 20 at the back of the bottom plate of the inner compression section, the refining decomposition is as follows: the suction cavity comprises a suction cavity inner side wall 21 (containing a hinge shaft hole), a hinge shaft 22, a sealing ring 23, a sealing ring gland 24 and a fastening nut 25.

Specifically, the inner side wall 21 of the gettering chamber and the symmetrical side structure thereof are respectively provided with two coaxial hinge shaft holes with equal diameters, the driving rod 19 is provided with one hinge shaft hole, and the diameters of the three holes are equal. Then, the hinge shaft 22 penetrates through the hinge hole, the sealing ring 23 and the sealing ring gland 24 are sequentially arranged outside the hinge shaft 22, and a fastening nut 25 is used for forming a pre-tightening force in the same direction as the axial direction of the hinge shaft 22. As shown in fig. 6, a hinge mating surface 26 at the middle of the hinge shaft 22 is fitted and matched with the driving rod 19 and the inner side wall 21 (including the hinge shaft hole) of the suction chamber, and a hinge sealing end surface 27 is flush with the end surface of the inner side wall 21 of the suction chamber and the sealing ring 23. A mating surface 28 outside the hinge shaft 22 mates with the inner bore surface of the seal ring 23. The screw thread 29 and the "straight" fixing groove 30 at the outer end of the hinge shaft 22 are used when the nut 25 is fastened.

According to the technical scheme, the invention has the following remarkable characteristics:

1. based on the hinge connection structure shown in fig. 5, the structure is moved to the back of the adjusting molded surface, the arm distance of the driving rod is increased, and the output force requirement and the space requirement of the driving device are indirectly reduced.

2. Based on the rotating shaft sealing structure shown in fig. 5, the problem of dynamic sealing of high-temperature air flow in the suction cavity in the rotating process of the hinge structure is solved.

3. Based on the hinge shaft installation characteristics shown in FIG. 6, the problems of sealing pretightening force and rotating shaft installation and fixation are solved.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.