Endoscope optical system
阅读说明:本技术 内窥镜光学系统 (Endoscope optical system ) 是由 郭毅军 刘剑 于 2019-11-29 设计创作,主要内容包括:本申请提供了一种内窥镜光学系统,包括物镜光学组件、棒镜光学组件和目镜光学组件,物镜光学组件包括依次排列的第一组镜、第二组镜和第三组镜,第三组镜包括第一消色差透镜、第二消色差透镜和第三消色差透镜,目镜光学组件包括第一负透镜、第一正透镜和胶合透镜。由于第一消色差透镜和第三消色差透镜本身具有消除色差的作用,在第一消色差透镜和第三消色差透镜之间还设有至少一个第二消色差透镜(为超低色散透镜),极大的提高了消除色差的效果;另外,在胶合透镜的前端设有对光束进行发散和会聚的第一负透镜和第一正透镜,能够有效消除畸变,另外胶合透镜能够减小光束的色差。本申请的内窥镜光学系统能够消除畸变和色差,得到超高清晰的成像。(The application provides an endoscope optical system, including objective optical assembly, rod mirror optical assembly and eyepiece optical assembly, objective optical assembly is including the first group mirror, second group mirror and the third group mirror that arrange in proper order, and the third group mirror includes first achromat, second achromat and third achromat, and eyepiece optical assembly includes first negative lens, first positive lens and cemented lens. Because the first achromatic lens and the third achromatic lens have the effect of eliminating chromatic aberration, at least one second achromatic lens (an ultra-low dispersion lens) is arranged between the first achromatic lens and the third achromatic lens, and the effect of eliminating chromatic aberration is greatly improved; in addition, the front end of the cemented lens is provided with a first negative lens and a first positive lens which are used for diverging and converging the light beam, so that the distortion can be effectively eliminated, and in addition, the cemented lens can reduce the chromatic aberration of the light beam. The endoscope optical system can eliminate distortion and chromatic aberration and obtain ultrahigh-definition imaging.)
1. An endoscope optical system, comprising:
the objective optical assembly comprises a first group of lenses, a second group of lenses and a third group of lenses which are sequentially arranged, wherein the first group of lenses is used for collecting images of a large field of view, the second group of lenses is used for turning a light path, the third group of lenses comprises a first achromatic lens, a second achromatic lens and a third achromatic lens which are sequentially arranged on an emergent light path of the second group of lenses, at least one second achromatic lens is arranged between the first achromatic lens and the third achromatic lens, and the second achromatic lens is an ultra-low dispersion lens;
the rod lens optical assembly is positioned on an emergent light path of the third group of lenses and used for transmitting real images;
and an eyepiece optical assembly, including a first negative lens, a first positive lens and a cemented lens, the first negative lens is located on the light path that the optical assembly of the rod lens exits, the first positive lens is located on the light path that the first negative lens exits, the cemented lens is located on the light path that the first positive lens exits.
2. The endoscopic optical system of claim 1 wherein the first achromatic lens comprises a first lens, a second lens and a third lens cemented together in sequence, the second lens being an ultra-low dispersion lens.
3. An endoscope optical system according to claim 2, characterized in that said third achromatic lens comprises a fourth lens, a fifth lens and a sixth lens arranged in this order, said fifth lens and sixth lens being cemented together.
4. An endoscope optical system according to claim 1, characterized in that said objective optical assembly has an entrance pupil diameter of 0.5mm or less, D or less, 0.8mm or less, a focal length f or 2 to 3mm or less, and a resolution limit of 250lp/mm or more.
5. The endoscopic optical system of claim 1 wherein the first set of mirrors comprises an aspherical mirror and a negative lens, the negative lens being located between the aspherical mirror and the second set of mirrors, the aspherical mirror and the negative lens being for convergence.
6. The endoscope optical system of claim 5 wherein the aspheric lens has a convex entrance surface and a concave exit surface, the negative lens has a flat entrance surface and a concave exit surface, and the aspheric lens has an exit end with the exit surface in contact with the entrance surface of the negative lens.
7. The endoscopic optical system of claim 1 wherein the second group of mirrors comprises a prism, a plano-convex lens and a positive lens arranged in sequence, the prism being proximal to the first group of mirrors and the positive lens being distal to the first group of mirrors.
8. An endoscope optical system according to any of claims 1-7 and wherein said first negative lens and first positive lens have refractive indices greater than 1.7.
9. The endoscope optical system according to claim 8, wherein the incident surface of the first negative lens is a concave surface, and the exit surface is a convex surface; the incident surface of the first positive lens is a concave surface, and the emergent surface of the first positive lens is a convex surface.
10. The endoscopic optical system of claim 8 wherein said cemented lens comprises a second positive lens and a second negative lens, a front end of said second negative lens cemented to a rear end of said second positive lens; the incident surface of the second positive lens is a plane, and the emergent surface of the second positive lens is a convex surface; the incident surface of the second negative lens is a concave surface, and the emergent surface of the second negative lens is a convex surface.
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of optical imaging, in particular to an endoscope optical system.
Background
The endoscope is a detection instrument integrating optical, electronic, software and other technologies, enters through a natural pore passage or a minimally invasive opening of a human body and reaches a lesion position to be checked so as to perform real-time dynamic imaging monitoring on the lesion condition, and the clear and accurate imaging effect is of great importance.
With the continuous development of modern medicine, higher and higher requirements are clinically put forward on imaging effects, however, the optical system of the existing endoscope has larger imaging chromatic aberration, so that the optical image source has larger aberration, the resolution of final imaging is lower, and higher requirements are difficult to meet.
Disclosure of Invention
Provided is an endoscope optical system which can eliminate chromatic aberration and has high resolution.
The present application provides an endoscope optical system comprising:
the objective optical assembly comprises a first group of lenses, a second group of lenses and a third group of lenses which are sequentially arranged, wherein the first group of lenses is used for collecting images of a large field of view, the second group of lenses is used for turning a light path, the third group of lenses comprises a first achromatic lens, a second achromatic lens and a third achromatic lens which are sequentially arranged on an emergent light path of the second group of lenses, the first achromatic lens is arranged close to the second group of lenses, at least one second achromatic lens is arranged between the first achromatic lens and the third achromatic lens, and the second achromatic lens is an ultra-low dispersion lens;
the rod lens optical assembly is positioned on an emergent light path of the third group of lenses and used for transmitting real images;
and the eyepiece optical assembly comprises a first negative lens, a first positive lens and a cemented lens, wherein the first negative lens is positioned on a light path emitted by the rod lens optical assembly, the first positive lens is positioned on the light path emitted by the first negative lens, and the cemented lens is positioned on the light path emitted by the first positive lens.
According to a specific embodiment of the present application, the first achromatic lens includes a first lens, a second lens and a third lens which are sequentially cemented, and the second lens is an ultra-low dispersion lens.
According to a specific embodiment of the present application, the third achromatic lens includes a fourth lens, a fifth lens and a sixth lens arranged in sequence, and the fifth lens and the sixth lens are cemented together.
According to a specific embodiment of the application, the entrance pupil diameter of the objective optical assembly is not less than 0.5mm and not more than 0.8mm, the focal length f is 2-3 mm, and the resolution limit is not less than 250 lp/mm.
According to a specific embodiment of the application, the first set of mirrors comprises an aspherical mirror and a negative lens, the negative lens being located between the aspherical mirror and the second set of mirrors, the aspherical mirror and the negative lens being adapted for converging.
According to a specific embodiment of the present application, the aspheric mirror has a convex incident surface and a concave emergent surface, the negative lens has a flat incident surface and a concave emergent surface, and the aspheric mirror has an emergent end of the emergent surface attached to the incident surface of the negative lens.
According to a specific embodiment of the present application, the second set of lenses further comprises a first protective lens positioned at a front end of the aspherical lens.
According to a specific embodiment of the present application, the second set of mirrors includes a prism, which is proximate to the first set of mirrors, a plano-convex lens, and a positive lens, which is distal from the first set of mirrors.
According to a specific embodiment of the present application, the refractive index of the first negative lens and the first positive lens is greater than 1.7.
According to a specific embodiment of the present application, the incident surface of the first negative lens is a concave surface, and the exit surface is a convex surface; the incident surface of the first positive lens is a concave surface, and the emergent surface of the first positive lens is a convex surface.
According to a specific embodiment of the present application, the cemented lens includes a second positive lens and a second negative lens, a front end of the second negative lens being cemented to a rear end of the second positive lens; the incident surface of the second positive lens is a plane, and the emergent surface of the second positive lens is a convex surface; the incident surface of the second negative lens is a concave surface, and the emergent surface of the second negative lens is a convex surface.
According to the endoscope optical system of the above embodiment, since the third group lens includes the first achromatic lens, the second achromatic lens and the third achromatic lens, the first achromatic lens and the third achromatic lens have the effect of eliminating chromatic aberration themselves, and at least one second achromatic lens (which is an ultra-low dispersion lens) is further disposed between the first achromatic lens and the third achromatic lens, the effect of eliminating chromatic aberration is greatly improved; in addition, a first negative lens and a first positive lens are arranged at the front end of the cemented lens, the first negative lens and the first positive lens sequentially diverge and converge the light beam, distortion can be effectively eliminated, and chromatic aberration of the light beam can be reduced by the cemented lens. The endoscope optical system can eliminate distortion and chromatic aberration, thereby improving the quality of an optical image source and realizing ultrahigh-definition imaging.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of an endoscopic imaging system according to an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the configuration of an optical system of the endoscope in one embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an objective optic assembly;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the first and second sets of mirrors in one embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the first and second sets of mirrors in one embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a third set of mirrors in an embodiment;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an eyepiece optical assembly;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an endoscope optical system in one embodiment.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following detailed description and accompanying drawings. Wherein like elements in different embodiments are numbered with like associated elements. In the following description, numerous details are set forth in order to provide a better understanding of the present application. However, those skilled in the art will readily recognize that some of the features may be omitted or replaced with other elements, materials, methods in different instances. In some instances, certain operations related to the present application have not been shown or described in detail in order to avoid obscuring the core of the present application from excessive description, and it is not necessary for those skilled in the art to describe these operations in detail, so that they may be fully understood from the description in the specification and the general knowledge in the art.
Furthermore, the features, operations, or characteristics described in the specification may be combined in any suitable manner to form various embodiments. Also, the various steps or actions in the method descriptions may be transposed or transposed in order, as will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art. Thus, the various sequences in the specification and drawings are for the purpose of describing certain embodiments only and are not intended to imply a required sequence unless otherwise indicated where such sequence must be followed.
The numbering of the components as such, e.g., "first", "second", etc., is used herein only to distinguish the objects as described, and does not have any sequential or technical meaning. The term "connected" and "coupled" when used in this application, unless otherwise indicated, includes both direct and indirect connections (couplings). As used herein, "front end" and "back end" are the front end that is closer to the patient and the back end that is further from the patient relative to the patient, which are also the front and back ends of the imaging optical path.
In the embodiment of the invention, the endoscope optical system is provided, because the third group of lenses comprises the first achromatic lens, the second achromatic lens and the third achromatic lens, the first achromatic lens and the third achromatic lens have the effect of eliminating chromatic aberration, and at least one second achromatic lens (an ultra-low dispersion lens) is arranged between the first achromatic lens and the third achromatic lens, the effect of eliminating chromatic aberration is greatly improved; in addition, a first negative lens and a first positive lens are arranged at the front end of the cemented lens, the first negative lens and the first positive lens sequentially diverge and converge the light beam, distortion can be effectively eliminated, and chromatic aberration of the light beam can be reduced by the cemented lens. The endoscope optical system can eliminate distortion and chromatic aberration, thereby improving the quality of an optical image source and realizing ultrahigh-definition imaging.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment provides an endoscopic camera system that mainly includes an
Here, the
The
In one embodiment, an endoscope optical system is provided, and the endoscope optical system is the optical system of the
As shown in fig. 2, the endoscope optical system includes an objective
The rod lens
As shown in fig. 3, the objective
As shown in fig. 4, the first group of
In order to better protect the front end of the objective
In this embodiment, the
The second group of
As shown in fig. 4, in the present embodiment, the
In another embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the second set of
In the present embodiment, the
The first
The
In this embodiment, a piece of second
In order to reduce chromatic aberration of image formation, the second
In this embodiment, in order to further reduce the imaging chromatic aberration, the
In this embodiment, the third
In this embodiment, the third group of
In the objective
the diffraction limit (diffraction limit) means that an ideal object point is imaged by an optical system, and due to the diffraction limit, the ideal image point cannot be obtained, but a fraunhofer diffraction image is obtained. The aperture of the optical system is usually circular, and the images of the Freund and Fischer diffraction are called Airy spots. Therefore, each object point is like a diffuse spot, two diffuse spots are not well distinguished after being close to each other, the resolution ratio of the system is limited, and the larger the spot is, the lower the resolution ratio is. The diffraction limit limits the resolution of the system.
The formula for the diffraction limit is:
where D is the minimum resolving size, D is the entrance pupil diameter, F is the focal length, λ is the wavelength, and F/# is the optical system F number.
From the above formula, when the F/# is smaller, the smaller the theoretical resolvable size of the optical system is, the stronger the resolving power is, and the easier the high resolution design is to be realized; conversely, when the F/# is larger, the larger the theoretically resolvable size of the optical system, the weaker the resolving power, and the more difficult it is to realize a high resolution design. In the design, the diameter D of the entrance pupil of the optical system is more than or equal to 0.5mm, and F/#isless than or equal to 4, so that compared with a high-definition laparoscope, the diameter of the entrance pupil is increased, and the F/#issmaller, so that the theoretical resolution capability of the system is stronger, and the resolution is higher.
The entrance pupil diameter is the effective aperture for limiting the incident beam, and is determined by the entire objective optical assembly, which is the image of the aperture stop on the front optical system. The larger the entrance pupil diameter is, the larger the light flux amount is, the higher the limit resolution is, and based on the miniaturization of the endoscope, the entrance pupil diameter cannot be too large, in this embodiment, the entrance pupil diameter is not less than 0.5mm and not more than D and not more than 0.8mm, that is, the resolution can be increased without affecting the miniaturization of the endoscope.
However, in the design of an optical system, the actual resolution of the system can only approach the diffraction limit to the maximum extent due to the existence of aberration. It will be understood that the higher the diffraction limit of the system, the higher the actual resolution of the system. The resolution of an optical system, lp/mm, is typically characterized by the number of black and white line pairs that can be clearly resolved by one millimeter. The higher the line logarithm is, the higher the detail resolution energy rate of the system is, and the higher the resolution is; conversely, the lower the line logarithm, the weaker the detail resolution of the system, and the lower the resolution. In the design, the diffraction limit of the optical system is more than or equal to 270 lp/mm. Due to the optimized control of the system aberration, the practical resolution limit of the optical system is more than or equal to 250lp/mm under the condition of not considering the processing error.
As shown in fig. 7, the eyepiece
In this embodiment, the light incident surface of the first
In the present embodiment, the first
The cemented
In this embodiment, the cemented
In the present embodiment, the first
As shown in fig. 8, in an embodiment, the endoscope optical system further includes a second
While the principles herein have been illustrated in various embodiments, many modifications of structure, arrangement, proportions, elements, materials, and components particularly adapted to specific environments and operative requirements may be employed without departing from the principles and scope of the present disclosure. The above modifications and other changes or modifications are intended to be included within the scope of this document.
The foregoing detailed description has been described with reference to various embodiments. However, one skilled in the art will recognize that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. Accordingly, the disclosure is to be considered in an illustrative and not a restrictive sense, and all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope thereof. Also, advantages, other advantages, and solutions to problems have been described above with regard to various embodiments. However, the benefits, advantages, solutions to problems, and any element(s) that may cause any element(s) to occur or become more pronounced are not to be construed as a critical, required, or essential feature or element of any or all the claims. As used herein, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, system, article, or apparatus. Furthermore, the term "coupled," and any other variation thereof, as used herein, refers to a physical connection, an electrical connection, a magnetic connection, an optical connection, a communicative connection, a functional connection, and/or any other connection.
Those skilled in the art will recognize that many changes may be made to the details of the above-described embodiments without departing from the underlying principles of the invention. Therefore, the scope of the present invention should be determined by the claims of the present invention.
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