阅读说明：本技术 一种变径碎粉式干粉灭火器及其故障排除方法 (Variable-diameter powder crushing type dry powder fire extinguisher and fault removal method thereof ) 是由 燕胜 张佳佳 于 2019-11-26 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种变径碎粉式干粉灭火器及其故障排除方法,属于灭火器领域,一种变径碎粉式干粉灭火器,包括上端连接有喷头和压把手的干粉灭火器本体,喷头远离压把手的一端连接有喷粉口,干粉灭火器本体内部设有喷管,喷管上端延伸至喷头中并与喷粉口固定连通,喷粉口内侧设有变径碎粉机构,变径碎粉机构包括变径碎粉结构、筛分组件和驱动件,驱动件包括微型驱动装置,在喷粉口处增设变径碎粉机构,自动将结块的干粉与未结块的干粉分离进入粗粉区和细粉区,初始细粉直接喷出及时灭火,变径碎粉结构将结块的干粉深入碾碎,使得喷出的干粉粒径最优化,从而提高干粉灭火器的灭火作用,达到快速灭火的目的。(The invention discloses a variable-diameter powder crushing type dry powder fire extinguisher and a troubleshooting method thereof, belonging to the field of fire extinguishers, and the variable-diameter powder crushing type dry powder fire extinguisher comprises a dry powder fire extinguisher body, wherein the upper end of the dry powder fire extinguisher body is connected with a spray nozzle and a pressing handle, one end of the spray nozzle, which is far away from the pressing handle, is connected with a powder spraying port, a spray pipe is arranged inside the dry powder fire extinguisher body, the upper end of the spray pipe extends into the spray nozzle and is fixedly communicated with the powder spraying port, the inner side of the powder spraying port is provided with a variable-diameter powder crushing mechanism, the variable-diameter powder crushing mechanism comprises a variable-diameter powder crushing structure, a screening component and a driving component, the driving component comprises a micro driving device, the variable-diameter powder crushing mechanism is additionally arranged at the powder spraying port, agglomerated dry powder and non-agglomerated dry powder are automatically separated to enter a coarse powder area and a fine powder area, initial fine powder is directly, achieving the purpose of quickly extinguishing fire.)

1. The utility model provides a reducing powder formula dry powder fire extinguisher, includes that the upper end is connected with dry powder fire extinguisher body (1) of shower nozzle (3) and pressure handle (2), its characterized in that: the powder spraying device is characterized in that one end, far away from the pressure handle (2), of the spray nozzle (3) is connected with a powder spraying port (4), a spray pipe (6) is arranged inside the dry powder fire extinguisher body (1), the upper end of the spray pipe (6) extends into the spray nozzle (3) and is fixedly communicated with the powder spraying port (4), a reducing crushing mechanism is arranged on the inner side of the powder spraying port (4), the reducing crushing mechanism comprises a reducing crushing structure (7), a screening component (10) and a driving piece, the driving piece comprises a micro driving device (5), the micro driving device (5) is fixedly connected to the inner end of the spray nozzle (3), a power output end of the micro driving device (5) is fixedly connected with a long rotating shaft (9), one end, far away from the micro driving device (5), of the long rotating shaft (9) penetrates through the spray pipe (6) and is fixedly connected with the screening component (10), one end, far away from the micro driving device (5), of the screening component (10) is fixedly, the diameter-variable crushing structure (7) is gradually increased from right to left in outer diameter, and the diameter-variable crushing structure (7) is provided with a direct powder spraying channel (11) along the central axis thereof.

2. The variable diameter pulverized dry chemical extinguisher as claimed in claim 1, wherein: reducing crushing structure (7) side is excavated there are a plurality of indirect powder channels (12), and a plurality of indirect powder channels (12) all are located the protruding department of reducing crushing structure (7) side.

3. The variable diameter pulverized dry chemical extinguisher as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the reducing crushing structure (7) is sequentially divided into a buffer section and a shock reducing section from right to left, and the distance between the bulge at the leftmost end of the shock reducing section and the inner wall of the powder spraying port (4) is smaller than the aperture of the indirect powder outlet channel (12).

4. The variable diameter pulverized dry chemical extinguisher as claimed in claim 1, wherein: screening subassembly (10) are including first minute sieve (101) and subdivision sieve (102), the left and right sides both ends of subdivision sieve (102) respectively with reducing disintegrating structure (7) and long pivot (9) fixed connection, first minute sieve (101) are located between subdivision sieve (102) and miniature drive arrangement (5) and the cover is located on long pivot (9), and first minute sieve (101) and subdividing sieve (102) between fixed connection have elastic component (1002), first minute sieve (101) and subdividing sieve (102) are close to each other's the equal fixedly connected with of one end a plurality of dredge needle (1001).

5. The variable diameter pulverized dry chemical extinguisher as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the primary separation sieve plate (101), the secondary separation sieve plate (102), the elastic piece (1002) and the variable-diameter crushing structure (7) are all made of two-dimensional carbon materials.

6. The variable diameter pulverized dry chemical extinguisher as claimed in claim 1, wherein: dispersing leaves (8) are fixedly connected between the screening component (10) and the micro driving device (5), the dispersing leaves (8) are located on the inner side of the spray pipe (6), and the dispersing leaves (8) are also made of two-dimensional carbon materials.

7. The variable diameter pulverized dry chemical extinguisher as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the inner wall of the powder spraying port (4), the reducing crushing structure (7) and the surface of the screening component (10) are polished.

8. The variable diameter pulverized dry chemical extinguisher as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the powder spraying port (4) is connected with a protective cover, and the powder spraying port (4) is in threaded connection with the spray head (3).

9. The variable diameter pulverized dry chemical extinguisher as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the dry powder in the dry powder fire extinguisher body (1) is superfine fire extinguishing particles, and the particle size of the superfine fire extinguishing particles is less than 0.5 mu m.

10. The variable diameter pulverized dry chemical extinguisher as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the fault types are as follows: the dry powder is not continuously sprayed within 1-4 s; the fault removing method comprises the following steps: the pressing handle (2) is released, and the pressing handle (2) is pressed again after standing for 2-3 s.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of fire extinguishers, in particular to a variable-diameter powder crushing type dry powder fire extinguisher and a fault removing method thereof.

Background

A fire extinguisher, also known as a fire extinguishing cylinder, is a portable fire extinguishing tool. The fire extinguisher contains chemical for rescuing fire alarm. Fire extinguishers are one of the common fire protection facilities, stored in public places or places where fire alarms may occur.

The dry powder fire extinguisher is one kind of fire extinguisher and may be classified into ① common dry powder fire extinguisher and ② superfine dry powder fire extinguisher.

The dry powder fire extinguisher is filled with dry powder fire extinguishing agent such as ammonium phosphate, has easy flowability and dryness, consists of inorganic salt and crushed and dried additive, and can effectively extinguish initial fire

The common dry powder extinguishing agent mainly comprises an active extinguishing component, a hydrophobic component and inert fillers, wherein the hydrophobic component mainly comprises silicone oil and hydrophobic white carbon black, the inert fillers are various in types and mainly play roles in preventing compaction and agglomeration, improving the motion performance of dry powder, catalyzing the polymerization of the dry powder silicone oil, improving the compatibility with the foam extinguishing agent and the like. The common dry powder extinguishing agent is widely applied at home and abroad at present.

The fire extinguishing component is the core of the dry powder fire extinguishing agent, and the substances capable of playing a fire extinguishing role mainly comprise: k2CO3, KHCO3, NaCl, KCl, (NH 4) 2SO4, NH4HSO4, NaHCO3, K4Fe (CN) 6.3H 2O, Na2CO3 and the like, and the products which are produced at home at present comprise: ammonium phosphate salt, sodium bicarbonate, sodium chloride and potassium chloride dry powder extinguishing agent. Each fire extinguishing particle has an upper limit critical particle size, all particles smaller than the critical particle size have the fire extinguishing effect, the fire extinguishing efficiency of the particles larger than the critical particle size is sharply reduced, but the momentum of the particles is large, the small particles are forced to be blown away by hot air flow to the center of flame after the small particles are generated by aerodynamic pull force of air, and the fire extinguishing efficiency is reduced. The particle size of the common dry powder extinguishing agent is 10-75 mu m, and the particle has poor dispersibility and relatively small specific surface area.

The dry powder fire extinguisher is filled with ammonium phosphate dry powder fire extinguishing agent. The dry powder fire extinguishing agent is dry and easy-to-flow fine powder for extinguishing fire, and consists of inorganic salt with fire extinguishing effect and small amount of additive, which are dried, crushed and mixed to form fine solid powder. It is a fire extinguishing agent widely used in fire fighting and is mainly used in fire extinguishers. Except for special dry powder chemical fire extinguishing agents for extinguishing metal fire, the dry powder fire extinguishing agents are generally divided into BC dry powder fire extinguishing agents (sodium bicarbonate and the like) and ABC dry powder (ammonium phosphate and the like). The fire extinguishing function is divided into two types, firstly, the volatile decomposer of the inorganic salt in the dry powder and the free radical or active group generated by the fuel in the combustion process have chemical inhibition and negative catalysis, so that the combustion chain reaction is interrupted to extinguish the fire; secondly, the powder of the dry powder falls outside the surface of the combustible substance to generate chemical reaction and form a layer of glassy covering layer under the action of high temperature, thereby isolating oxygen and further extinguishing fire by suffocation. In addition, there is some dilution of oxygen and cooling.

The most common starting method of the dry powder fire extinguisher is a handle pressing method, namely after the fire extinguisher is lifted to a proper position away from a fire source, the fire extinguisher is turned upside down for several times to loosen the dry powder in a cylinder, then a nozzle is aligned to the most violent combustion position, a safety pin is pulled out, and a handle is pressed down, so that the fire extinguishing agent can be sprayed out for extinguishing fire. When the dry powder fire extinguishing rod is started, the middle part of the dry powder fire extinguishing rod is held by the left hand, the nozzle is aligned to the root of the flame, the safety card is pulled out by the right hand, the opening knob is rotated, the gas storage bottle is opened, and the dry powder can be sprayed out for extinguishing fire after the time lag is 1-4 seconds. Along with the continuous improvement of people's safety consciousness, safety measure is more and more put in place, and the emergence frequency of the incident of starting a fire is more and more low, and the dry powder fire extinguisher that generally prepares in advance is long to be placed the time, and the easy caking of the dry powder in its section of thick bamboo, and the single disintegrating powder structure of current dry powder fire extinguisher self-carrying is difficult to satisfy the crushing demand of caking dry powder, leads to the effect of putting out a fire variation, and is inefficient.

Disclosure of Invention

1. Technical problem to be solved

Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a reducing powder crushing type dry powder fire extinguisher and a troubleshooting method thereof, the reducing powder crushing mechanism is additionally arranged at a powder spraying port, agglomerated dry powder and non-agglomerated dry powder are automatically separated to enter a coarse powder area and a fine powder area, initial fine powder is directly sprayed out to extinguish fire in time, and the reducing powder crushing mechanism deeply crushes the agglomerated dry powder to optimize the particle size of the sprayed dry powder, so that the fire extinguishing effect of the dry powder fire extinguisher is improved, and the aim of quickly extinguishing fire is fulfilled.

2. Technical scheme

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.

A reducing powder crushing type dry powder fire extinguisher comprises a dry powder fire extinguisher body, wherein the upper end of the dry powder fire extinguisher body is connected with a spray nozzle and a pressing handle, one end of the spray nozzle, which is far away from the pressing handle, is connected with a powder spraying port, a spray pipe is arranged inside the dry powder fire extinguisher body, the upper end of the spray pipe extends into the spray nozzle and is fixedly communicated with the powder spraying port, a reducing powder crushing mechanism is arranged on the inner side of the powder spraying port, the reducing powder crushing mechanism comprises a reducing powder crushing structure, a screening component and a driving part, the driving part comprises a micro driving device, the micro driving device is fixedly connected to the inner end of the spray nozzle, the power output end of the micro driving device is fixedly connected with a long rotating shaft, one end, which is far away from the micro driving device, of the long rotating shaft penetrates through the spray pipe and is fixedly connected with the screening component, one end, which is far, the reducing crushing structure is provided with a direct powder spraying channel along the central axis, the reducing crushing mechanism is additionally arranged at the powder spraying port, agglomerated dry powder and non-agglomerated dry powder are automatically separated and enter a coarse powder area and a fine powder area, initial fine powder is directly sprayed out to extinguish a fire in time, and the reducing crushing structure deeply crushes the agglomerated dry powder to optimize the particle size of the sprayed dry powder, so that the fire extinguishing effect of the dry powder fire extinguisher is improved, and the aim of quickly extinguishing the fire is fulfilled.

Further, reducing crushing structure side is excavated there are a plurality of indirect powder passageways that go out, and a plurality of indirect powder passageways that go out all are located the bellying of reducing crushing structure side, and caking dry powder after screening subassembly screening gets into coarse powder district, is smashed by pivoted reducing crushing structure, and the dry powder after smashing is except that passing through from the gap between reducing crushing structure and the mouth of dusting, can also follow the blowout of indirect powder passageway for the blowout speed of dry powder.

Furthermore, the reducing crushing structure is divided into a buffer section and an abrupt reduction section from right to left in sequence, the distance between the bulge at the leftmost end on the abrupt reduction section and the inner wall of the powder spraying port is smaller than the aperture of the indirect powder outlet channel, the agglomerated dry powder is firstly positioned in the buffer section of the reducing crushing structure to be subjected to crushing treatment, at the moment, a large amount of massive agglomerated dry powder is rapidly crushed, the crushed dry powder is continuously sprayed out, the distance between the bulge at the leftmost end on the abrupt reduction section and the inner wall of the powder spraying port is smaller than the aperture of the indirect powder outlet channel, so that the dry powder reaching the abrupt reduction section is subjected to final rapid crushing and spraying, and meanwhile, the length of the reducing crushing structure can be effectively shortened due to the arrangement of the abrupt reduction section.

Further, the screening component comprises a primary screening plate and a secondary screening plate, the left end and the right end of the secondary screening plate are respectively fixedly connected with the variable-diameter crushing structure and the long rotating shaft, the primary screening plate is located between the secondary screening plate and the micro driving device and sleeved on the long rotating shaft, an elastic part is fixedly connected between the primary screening plate and the secondary screening plate, one ends, close to each other, of the primary screening plate and the secondary screening plate are respectively fixedly connected with a plurality of dredging needles, initial non-caking dry powder can directly pass through pores of the primary screening plate and the secondary screening plate, and massive caking dry powder enters the coarse powder area from the side ends of the primary screening plate to be subjected to crushing treatment; when can not continuously spout the dry powder, operating personnel can loosen and press the handle, and the dry powder can not atress blowout this moment no matter how, just divide the sieve not atress, under the effect of elastic component, just divide the sieve and keep away from the subdivision sieve, just divide the sieve and all be in the mediation state with the pore on the subdivision sieve this moment, wait after 2-3s to press the pressure handle once more statically, spray powder once more, sustainable smooth dusting.

Furthermore, the primary separation sieve plate, the secondary separation sieve plate, the elastic piece and the variable-diameter crushing structure are all made of two-dimensional carbon materials, and researchers of American Massachusetts institute of technology and technology in America at present use graphene as a basis to newly develop an ultra-light and ultra-solid material, although the ultra-light and ultra-solid material is light and plump, the strength of the ultra-light and ultra-solid material is 10 times that of steel, the sieving and crushing effects are good, and smooth driving of a micro driving device is facilitated.

Furthermore, dispersing blades are fixedly connected between the screening component and the micro driving device and are positioned on the inner side of the spray pipe, the dispersing blades are also made of two-dimensional carbon materials, the dispersing blades can crush pre-sprayed dry powder, and a multi-crushing function is formed by combining the prior crushing structure and the subsequent reducing crushing structure, so that the particle size of the sprayed dry powder is optimized.

Furthermore, the inner wall of the powder spraying port, the variable-diameter crushing structure and the surface of the screening component are polished, so that the sprayed dry powder is not easily blocked, and the dry powder is favorably and smoothly sprayed.

Furthermore, the powder spraying port is connected with a protective cover, the protective cover is tightly covered when the powder spraying port is not used, external sundries are prevented from polluting the powder spraying port, the powder spraying port is in threaded connection with the spray head, and the powder spraying port and the reducing crushing structure are convenient to disassemble, replace and clean.

Furthermore, the dry powder in the dry powder fire extinguisher body is superfine fire extinguishing particles, and the particle size of the superfine fire extinguishing particles is smaller than 0.5 mu m, researches indicate that when the particle size of the superfine dry powder fire extinguishing agent is smaller than the critical particle size, all the fire extinguishing agent particles play a fire extinguishing role, the dry powder fire extinguishing efficiency is greatly improved, and the using amount is obviously reduced. When the particle size of the fire extinguishing agent is reduced to 5 mu m, even 0.5 mu m, the fire extinguishing efficiency is increased sharply, the fire extinguishing efficiency is dozens of times higher than that of the conventional fire extinguishing agent, and the dosage is only a few percent of the fire extinguishing efficiency. This is mainly because: the superfine powder has large ratio of total surface area to volume, high activity, forms relatively stable aerosol which is uniformly dispersed and suspended in the air, has high thermal decomposition speed and strong free radical capturing capability, so the fire extinguishing efficiency is rapidly improved, for example, the KHCO3 aerosol has the fire extinguishing concentration of only 2.0 percent of 1301 alkyl halide, the fire extinguishing efficiency is equivalent to 50 times of that of the KHCO3 aerosol, and the sediment is not obvious after fire extinguishing, thereby causing little pollution to fire fields. KHCO3, NaCl, KCl, K2SO4, NH4H2PO4, NaHCO3 can be used to prepare the aerosol fire extinguishing agent. The aerosol fire extinguishing agent has a particle size of less than 5 μm, preferably less than 0.5 μm.

A reducing powder crushing type dry powder fire extinguisher has the fault types as follows: the dry powder is not continuously sprayed within 1-4 s; the fault removing method comprises the following steps: and releasing the pressing handle, standing for 2-3s, and pressing the pressing handle again.

3. Advantageous effects

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

(1) the variable-diameter powder crushing mechanism is additionally arranged at the powder spraying port, the agglomerated dry powder and the non-agglomerated dry powder are automatically separated to enter the coarse powder area and the fine powder area, the initial fine powder is directly sprayed out to timely extinguish fire, and the agglomerated dry powder is deeply crushed by the variable-diameter powder crushing mechanism, so that the particle size of the sprayed dry powder is optimized, the fire extinguishing effect of the dry powder fire extinguisher is improved, and the purpose of quickly extinguishing fire is achieved.

(2) Reducing crushing structure side is dug and is had a plurality of indirect powder passageways that go out, and a plurality of indirect powder passageways that go out all are located the bellying of reducing crushing structure side, and caking dry powder after screening subassembly screening gets into coarse powder district, is carried out shredding by pivoted reducing crushing structure, and the dry powder after smashing except that passes through from the space between reducing crushing structure and the mouth of dusting, can also follow the blowout of indirect powder passageway for the blowout speed of dry powder.

(3) The reducing crushing structure divide into buffer segment and abrupt section from the right side to the left in proper order, and the distance between the arch of leftmost end and the mouth inner wall that dusts on the abrupt section is less than the aperture of indirect powder passageway, the dry powder of caking is at first located the buffer segment of reducing crushing structure and is accepted shredding, a large amount of bold caking dry powder is smashed rapidly this moment, kibbling dry powder continues the blowout, the distance that combines on the abrupt section between the arch of leftmost end and the mouth inner wall that dusts is less than the aperture of indirect powder passageway sets up and makes the dry powder that arrives the abrupt section accept last step and smash and spout fast, and simultaneously, the length of reducing crushing structure can effectively be shortened in the setting of abrupt section.

(4) The screening component comprises a primary screening plate and a secondary screening plate, the left end and the right end of the secondary screening plate are respectively fixedly connected with the variable-diameter powder crushing structure and the long rotating shaft, the primary screening plate is positioned between the secondary screening plate and the micro driving device and sleeved on the long rotating shaft, an elastic part is fixedly connected between the primary screening plate and the secondary screening plate, one ends, close to each other, of the primary screening plate and the secondary screening plate are respectively and fixedly connected with a plurality of dredging needles, initial non-caking dry powder can directly pass through pores of the primary screening plate and the secondary screening plate, and massive caking dry powder enters a coarse powder area from the side end of the primary screening plate to be subjected to crushing treatment; when can not continuously spout the dry powder, operating personnel can loosen and press the handle, and the dry powder can not atress blowout this moment no matter how, just divide the sieve not atress, under the effect of elastic component, just divide the sieve and keep away from the subdivision sieve, just divide the sieve and all be in the mediation state with the pore on the subdivision sieve this moment, wait after 2-3s to press the pressure handle once more statically, spray powder once more, sustainable smooth dusting.

(5) The primary separation sieve plate, the secondary separation sieve plate, the elastic part and the variable-diameter crushing structure are all made of two-dimensional carbon materials, and researchers of American Massachusetts institute of technology in America at the present use graphene as a basis to newly develop an ultra-light and ultra-solid material, although the ultra-light and ultra-solid material is light and plump, the intensity of the ultra-light and ultra-solid material is 10 times that of steel, the sieving and crushing effects are good, and smooth driving of a micro driving device is facilitated.

(6) The dispersing blades are fixedly connected between the screening component and the micro driving device and are positioned on the inner side of the spray pipe, the dispersing blades are also made of two-dimensional carbon materials, the dispersing blades can crush pre-sprayed dry powder, and a multi-crushing function is formed by combining the prior crushing structure and the subsequent reducing crushing structure, so that the particle size of the sprayed dry powder is optimized.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the dry powder fire extinguisher according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the dry powder fire extinguisher at the nozzle of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a first schematic structural view of a powder nozzle of the dry powder fire extinguisher according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view II of the powder nozzle of the dry powder fire extinguisher according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure at A in FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure at B in FIG. 4;

fig. 7 is a perspective view of the preliminary separation screen plate of the present invention;

figure 8 is a schematic illustration of the construction of screen assemblies of the present invention.

The reference numbers in the figures illustrate:

the fire extinguisher comprises a dry powder fire extinguisher body 1, a pressing handle 2, a spray nozzle 3, a powder spraying port 4, a micro driving device 5, a spray pipe 6, a variable-diameter crushing structure 7, dispersing blades 8, a long rotating shaft 9, a screening component 10, a primary screening plate 101, a secondary screening plate 102, a dredging needle 1001, an elastic component 1002, a direct powder spraying channel 11 and an indirect powder discharging channel 12.

Detailed Description

The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention; it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any inventive work are within the scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "top/bottom", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "disposed," "sleeved/connected," "connected," and the like are to be construed broadly, e.g., "connected," which may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.