阅读说明：本技术 一种用于加工键槽的拉床 (Broaching machine for machining key groove ) 是由 雷永志 沈义伦 毛业海 于 2019-12-16 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种用于加工键槽的拉床,包括床体(1)、工作台(5)和夹具(4),所述所述床体(1)上设置有拉刀(3),所述工作台(5)与床体(1)连接并且位于拉刀(3)的下方,所述工作台(5)的侧板(502)的上端面包括倾斜和水平两段,所述夹具(4)可滑动地设置于工作台(5)上,所述夹具(4)的中板和底板可滑动的连接,所述底板上设置有至少一根第一导杆(410),所述中板对应位置上设置有第一导向孔,所述第一导杆(410)穿过第一导向孔,所述第一导杆(410)上设置有弹簧(413),所述弹簧(413)抵靠于中板的上表面上。本发明本发明的夹具(4)在工作台(5)上的移动过程中能自动调整高度,提高了生产效率。(The invention relates to a broaching machine for machining a key slot, which comprises a bed body (1), a workbench (5) and a clamp (4), wherein a broach (3) is arranged on the bed body (1), the workbench (5) is connected with the bed body (1) and is positioned below the broach (3), the upper end surface of a side plate (502) of the workbench (5) comprises two sections, namely an inclined section and a horizontal section, the clamp (4) is slidably arranged on the workbench (5), a middle plate and a bottom plate of the clamp (4) are slidably connected, at least one first guide rod (410) is arranged on the bottom plate, a first guide hole is arranged on the middle plate at a position corresponding to the middle plate, the first guide rod (410) penetrates through the first guide hole, a spring (413) is arranged on the first guide rod (410), and the spring (413) abuts against the upper surface of the middle plate. The clamp (4) can automatically adjust the height in the moving process of the workbench (5), and the production efficiency is improved.)

1. A broaching machine for processing a key groove is characterized in that: the broaching machine comprises a bed body (1), a workbench (5) and a clamp (4), wherein a tool apron (2) used for controlling a broach (3) to move is arranged on the bed body (1), the broach (3) is arranged on the tool apron (2), the workbench (5) is connected with the bed body (1) and is positioned below the broach (3), the clamp (4) comprises a bottom plate and a middle plate, vertical guide rails (407) are arranged on the left side and the right side of the bottom plate, second sliders (408) are arranged on the left side and the right side of the middle plate, the sliders are matched with the vertical guide rails (407), transverse bars (409) are arranged on the front side and the rear side of the middle plate, bearing mounting plates (412) are arranged at two ends of each transverse bar (409), one bearing mounting plate (412) is simultaneously connected with the two transverse bars (409), rolling bearings are arranged on the inner sides of the bearing mounting plates (412), at least two first sliders (, the workbench (5) comprises a support (503), a side plate (502) and an upper end panel, the upper end panel is a plane and is provided with a horizontal guide rail (501) corresponding to a first sliding block (411), the first sliding block (411) is matched with the horizontal guide rail (501), the upper end surface of the side plate (502) comprises an inclined plane and two sections of a plane, a rolling bearing is abutted against the upper end surface of the side plate (502), the bottom plate is provided with at least one first guide rod (410), the middle plate is provided with a first guide hole at a corresponding position, the first guide rod (410) penetrates through the first guide hole, the first guide rod (410) is provided with a spring (413), one end of the spring (413) is fixed at the top end of the first guide rod (410), the other end of the spring is abutted against the upper surface of the middle plate, the bed body (1) is connected with the clamp (4) through a first air cylinder (6, the device is characterized by further comprising a PLC control system, wherein a signal output end of the PLC control system is electrically connected with a control valve of the first air cylinder (6) and the cutter holder (2).

2. A broaching machine for working a key groove according to claim 1, wherein: the middle plate is characterized in that at least two supporting plates (406) are arranged on the upper surface of the middle plate, the two supporting plates (406) are arranged side by side, a positioning plate (405) is arranged above the two supporting plates, and a positioning screw is arranged on one positioning plate (405).

3. A broaching machine for working a key groove according to claim 2, wherein: the middle plate is characterized in that an air cylinder mounting plate is further arranged on the upper surface of the middle plate, a top plate (401) is fixed above the air cylinder mounting plate through a stud, a second air cylinder (402) is arranged between the air cylinder mounting plate and the top plate (401), a through hole for a telescopic rod of the second air cylinder (402) to pass through is formed in the top plate (401), at least one second guide hole is formed in the top plate (401), the axial direction of the second guide hole is vertical, a second guide rod (414) is slidably arranged in the second guide hole, a clamp sliding seat (403) is arranged at the top end of the second guide rod (414), the telescopic rod of the second air cylinder (402) is connected with the bottom of the clamp sliding seat (403), an upper pressing plate (404) is arranged at the lower end of the clamp sliding seat (403), and the upper pressing plate (404) is positioned above the central, and the control valve of the second air cylinder (402) is electrically connected with the signal output end of the PLC control system.

4. A broaching machine for working a key groove according to claim 2, wherein: the opposite surfaces of the two support plates (406) are arc-shaped surfaces, and the axes of the arc-shaped surfaces of the two support plates (406) are the same straight line.

5. A broaching machine for working a key groove according to claim 1, wherein: the second slider (408) is connected with the middle plate through a slider mounting plate.

6. A broaching machine for working a key groove according to claim 1, wherein: and the first sliding block (411) and the second sliding block (408) are respectively provided with a grease nozzle.

7. A broaching machine for working a key groove according to claim 3, wherein: the upper pressing plate (404) is of a T-shaped structure, the upper end of the T-shaped structure is connected with the lower surface of the clamp sliding seat (403), and a protruding block used for limiting the horizontal movement of a workpiece is arranged at the lower end of the T-shaped structure.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of broaching machines, in particular to a broaching machine for machining a key slot.

Background

The broaching machine is a widely used processing machine tool. However, the broaching tool operates in a linear mode, and the broaching teeth of the broaching tool are in contact with the surface of the workpiece during operation, so that a groove is machined in the workpiece. Therefore, the position of the workpiece is prevented from being deviated due to the contact between the broach and the workpiece in the resetting process, and the machining precision is prevented from being influenced; or damage to the broach and workpiece, resulting in lost production. Therefore, the workpiece fixing tool is moved to the place where the broach needs to be reset, particularly, the inner ring of the annular workpiece is machined, the annular workpiece needs to be sleeved on the broach and then fixed on the fixing tool, the operation of the process is complex and slow, and the production efficiency of the workpiece is limited.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide an automatic broaching machine with automatically adjustable height.

The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a broaching machine for machining a key groove comprises a bed body, a workbench and a clamp, wherein a tool apron used for controlling the movement of a broaching tool is arranged on the bed body, the broaching tool is arranged on the tool apron, the workbench is connected with the bed body and is positioned below the broaching tool, the clamp comprises a bottom plate and a middle plate, vertical guide rails are arranged on the left side and the right side of the bottom plate, second sliding blocks are arranged on the left side and the right side of the middle plate and are matched with the vertical guide rails, the distance between the middle plate and the bottom plate is adjustable, transverse strips are arranged on the front side and the rear side of the middle plate, bearing mounting plates are arranged at the two ends of the transverse strips, one bearing mounting plate is simultaneously connected with the two transverse strips, rolling bearings are arranged on the inner sides of the bearing mounting plates, at least two first sliding blocks are arranged on the lower end face of the bottom plate, the workbench comprises a support, a side plate, the fixture comprises a side plate, a bottom plate, a horizontal guide rail, a first sliding block, a spring, a horizontal guide rail and a clamp, wherein the first sliding block is matched with the horizontal guide rail, so that the clamp can slide on the workbench, the upper end surface of the side plate comprises an inclined plane and two sections of planes, the rolling bearing is abutted against the upper end surface of the side plate, the bottom plate is provided with at least one first guide rod, a first guide hole is formed in the corresponding position of the middle plate, the first guide rod penetrates through the first guide hole, the first guide rod is provided with the spring, one end of the spring is fixed at the top end of the first guide rod, the other end of the spring is abutted against the upper surface of the middle plate, and the rolling bearing is substantially contacted with the upper end surface of the side plate all the. The height of the arm plane of the inclined plane is high, the plane is the processing height of the workpiece, and when the workpiece moves along with the clamp on the inclined plane, the workpiece cannot collide with the broach. The bed body is connected with the clamp through the first cylinder, and the clamp further comprises a PLC control system, wherein the signal output end of the PLC control system is electrically connected with the control valve and the tool apron of the first cylinder.

In the working process of the broaching machine, a worker firstly programs the PLC control system to enable the broaching tool, the first air cylinder and the second air cylinder to work according to procedures.

Preferably, at least two supporting plates are arranged on the upper surface of the middle plate, the two supporting plates are arranged side by side, a positioning plate is arranged above the two supporting plates, and a positioning screw is arranged on one positioning plate.

Preferably, still be provided with the cylinder mounting panel on the medium plate upper surface, cylinder mounting panel top is fixed with the roof through the double-screw bolt, be provided with the second cylinder between cylinder mounting panel and the roof, be provided with the through-hole that is used for the second cylinder telescopic link to pass on the roof, be provided with at least one second guiding hole on the roof, the axial direction of second guiding hole is vertical direction, be provided with the second guide arm in the second guiding hole slidable, second guide arm top is provided with the anchor clamps slide, the telescopic link of second cylinder is connected with the bottom of anchor clamps slide, anchor clamps slide lower extreme is provided with the top board, the top board is located the top of the central line that is located two backup pad connecting wires, the control flap of second cylinder is connected with PLC control system's signal output part electricity.

Preferably, the opposite surfaces of the two supporting plates are arc surfaces, and the axes of the arc surfaces of the two supporting plates are the same straight line.

Preferably, the second slider is connected with the middle plate through a slider mounting plate.

Preferably, the first sliding block and the second sliding block are both provided with grease nipples. Grease is conveniently added to the first sliding block and the second sliding block, and abrasion of the first sliding block and the second sliding block is avoided.

Preferably, the upper pressing plate is of a T-shaped structure, the upper end of the T-shaped structure is connected with the lower surface of the clamp sliding seat, and a protruding block used for limiting the horizontal movement of the workpiece is arranged at the lower end of the T-shaped structure. The lug is matched with the positioning plate to position the workpiece in the axial direction. The upper pressure plate and the supporting plate can be used for positioning the radial direction of the workpiece, and the positioning screw on the positioning plate can prevent the workpiece from rotating.

The invention has the following advantages:

compared with the prior art, the annular workpiece is firstly sleeved on the broach and then moved to the fixed tool position for fixing. The tool can be moved, the workpiece is taken away from the broach position, the workpiece which is machined can be conveniently and quickly taken down by a worker, and a new workpiece for substitute machining is fixed. The workpiece is fast to take down and fix, the processing efficiency of the workpiece is increased, the workpiece can be prevented from being injured when being contacted with the broach when being fixed and taken down again by workers, and the workpiece can be prevented from being influenced in the surface smoothness degree when being contacted with the broach in the moving process on the broach.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the worktable and the jig;

FIG. 3 is a front view of the clamp;

FIG. 4 is a right side view of the upper platen;

in the figure: 1-a bed body, 2-a tool apron, 3-a broach, 4-a clamp, 5-a workbench, 6-a first cylinder, 401-a top plate, 402-a second cylinder, 403-a clamp sliding seat, 404-an upper pressing plate, 405-a positioning plate, 406-a supporting plate, 407-a vertical guide rail, 408-a second sliding block, 409-a cross bar, 410-a first guide rod, 411-a first sliding block, 412-a bearing mounting plate, 413-a spring, 414-a second guide rod, 501-a horizontal guide rail, 502-a side plate and 503-a support.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of the invention is not limited to the following.

As shown in fig. 1, a broaching machine for processing a key slot includes a bed body 1, a workbench 5 and a fixture 4, the bed body 1 is provided with a tool apron 2 for controlling movement of a broach 3, the tool apron 2 is provided with the broach 3, the workbench 5 is connected with the bed body 1 and is located below the broach 3, the fixture 4 includes a bottom plate and a middle plate, the left and right sides of the bottom plate are provided with vertical guide rails 407, the left and right sides of the middle plate are provided with second sliders 408, the sliders are matched with the vertical guide rails 407, so that the distance between the middle plate and the bottom plate is adjustable, the front and rear sides of the middle plate are provided with cross bars 409, two ends of each cross bar 409 are provided with bearing mounting plates 412, one bearing mounting plate 412 is simultaneously connected with two cross bars 409, the inner sides of the bearing mounting plates 412 are provided with rolling bearings, the lower end surface of the bottom plate is, the working table 5 comprises a support 503, a side plate 502 and an upper end panel, the upper end panel is a plane and is provided with a horizontal guide rail 501 corresponding to the first sliding block 411, the first sliding block 411 is matched with the horizontal guide rail 501 to enable the clamp 4 to slide on the working table 5, the upper end surface of the side plate 502 comprises two sections of an inclined surface and a plane, the rolling bearing is abutted against the upper end surface of the side plate 502, the bottom plate is provided with at least one first guide rod 410, the middle plate is provided with a first guide hole at a corresponding position, the first guide rod 410 penetrates through the first guide hole, the first guide rod 410 is provided with a spring 413, one end of the spring 413 is fixed at the top end of the first guide rod 410, the other end of the spring 413 abuts against the upper surface of the middle plate, under the action of the spring 413, the rolling bearing is substantially always contacted with the upper end surface of the side plate, the height of the middle plate changes with the height of the upper end surface of the side plate 502, thereby realizing the automatic adjustment of the height of the clamp 4. The height of the arm plane of the inclined plane is high, the plane is the processing height of the workpiece, and when the workpiece moves along with the clamp 4 on the inclined plane, the workpiece cannot collide with the broaching tool 3. The bed body 1 is connected with the clamp 4 through the first air cylinder 6, and the bed body further comprises a PLC control system, and the signal output end of the PLC control system is electrically connected with the control valve of the first air cylinder 6 and the tool apron 2.

In the working process of the broaching machine, a worker firstly programs the PLC control system so that the broaching tool 3, the first air cylinder 6 and the second air cylinder 402 can work according to the working procedures. The operator can control the broaching machine through a control button on the broaching machine, namely, semi-automatically control the broaching machine, and can also be provided with a mechanical arm for taking down a machined workpiece and placing an unmachined workpiece on the clamp 4; and connecting the mechanical arm with an output signal end of the PLC control system, so that the broaching machine is matched with the mechanical arm, and the full-automatic work of the broaching machine can be completed.

Preferably, at least two support plates 406 are disposed on the upper surface of the middle plate, the two support plates 406 are disposed side by side and each have a positioning plate 405 disposed above, and one of the positioning plates 405 has a positioning screw.

Preferably, the upper surface of the middle plate is further provided with an air cylinder mounting plate, a top plate 401 is fixed above the air cylinder mounting plate through a stud, a second air cylinder 402 is arranged between the air cylinder mounting plate and the top plate 401, a through hole for the telescopic rod of the second air cylinder 402 to pass through is arranged on the top plate 401, at least one second guide hole is arranged on the top plate 401, the axial direction of the second guide hole is vertical, a second guide rod 414 is slidably arranged in the second guide hole, a clamp sliding seat 403 is arranged at the top end of the second guide rod 414, the telescopic rod of the second cylinder 402 is connected with the bottom of the clamp sliding seat 403, the lower end of the clamp sliding seat 403 is provided with an upper pressing plate 404, the upper press plate 404 is positioned above a midline of a connecting line of the two support plates 406, and a control valve of the second air cylinder 402 is electrically connected with a signal output end of the PLC control system.

Preferably, the opposite surfaces of the two support plates 406 are arc-shaped surfaces, and the axes of the arc-shaped surfaces of the two support plates 406 are collinear.

Preferably, the second slider 408 is connected to the middle plate via a slider mounting plate.

Preferably, the first slider 411 and the second slider 408 are both provided with grease nipples. Grease is conveniently added to the first slider 411 and the second slider 408, and abrasion of the first slider 411 and the second slider 408 is avoided.

Preferably, the upper press plate 404 is a T-shaped structure, the upper end of the T-shaped structure is connected with the lower surface of the clamp slide 403, and the lower end of the T-shaped structure is provided with a bump for limiting the horizontal movement of the workpiece. The projections cooperate with the positioning plate 405 to position the workpiece in the axial direction. The upper pressure plate 404 and the support plate 406 can position the workpiece in the radial direction, and the positioning screws on the positioning plate 405 can prevent the workpiece from rotating.

The broaching process of the taper sleeve key groove comprises the following steps:

and S1, controlling the broach 3 to extend out.

And S2, controlling the clamp 4 to move to a position for fixing and detaching the taper sleeve on the workbench 5 through the first air cylinder 6.

S3, the second air cylinder 402 controls the upper press plate 404 to move upward, and the fixture 4 releases the fixing of the taper sleeve.

And S4, removing the machined taper sleeve on the clamp 4, and placing the unfinished taper sleeve on the clamp 4.

And S5, controlling the upper pressure plate 404 to move downwards through the second air cylinder 402, and fixing the taper sleeve by the fixture 4.

S6, the clamp 4 is controlled to move to a machining position through the first air cylinder 6, and the broaching teeth of the broaching tool 3 have a certain angle, so that the surface of a workpiece is subjected to gradual broaching, the broaching tool 3 penetrates into a ring in the middle of the taper sleeve in the moving process of the clamp 4, the taper sleeve moves obliquely along with the clamp 4 along with the movement of the clamp 4 on the oblique workbench 5, the taper sleeve is not contacted with the broaching tool 3, the position of the taper sleeve is continuously lowered, and when the clamp 4 moves to the horizontal section of the side plate 502 of the workbench 5, the ring in the middle of the taper sleeve is in the broaching range of the tooth with the lowest height of the broaching tool 3.

S7, controlling the tool apron 2 to drive the broaching tool 3 to move, broaching the workpiece, and finishing the machining of the taper sleeve key groove.

And S8, repeating the steps S1-S7, and processing the continuous production.