阅读说明：本技术 一种炭基生物肥及其制备方法 (Carbon-based biological fertilizer and preparation method thereof ) 是由 王胜 于 2019-09-18 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种炭基生物肥及其制备方法,包括以下各组分：竹炭、果壳活性炭、假单胞菌株冻干粉、淀粉、菌糠、中性纤维素酶、碱性蛋白酶、葡萄糖氧化酶。本发明使用竹炭、果壳活性炭对盐碱地进行改良,并辅以假单胞菌株冻干粉对竹炭、果壳活性炭的挥发分进行降解去除,避免挥发分对土壤有效微生物伤害,同时起到消除农药残留的作用；由于竹炭、果壳活性炭呈碱性,为避免加重盐碱地碱性程度,本发明中加入了淀粉、菌糠、中性纤维素酶、碱性蛋白酶、葡萄糖氧化酶等酸性营养物预以中合,并利用竹炭、果壳活性炭创造的土壤微环境,使酸性营养物被植物充分吸收。本发明具有潜在市场价值。(The invention discloses a carbon-based biological fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, wherein the carbon-based biological fertilizer comprises the following components: bamboo charcoal, shell activated carbon, pseudomonas strain freeze-dried powder, starch, mushroom bran, neutral cellulase, alkaline protease and glucose oxidase. According to the invention, the bamboo charcoal and the shell activated carbon are used for improving the saline-alkali soil, and the pseudomonas strain freeze-dried powder is used for degrading and removing the volatile components of the bamboo charcoal and the shell activated carbon, so that the harm of the volatile components to effective microorganisms in the soil is avoided, and meanwhile, the effect of eliminating pesticide residues is achieved; because the bamboo charcoal and the shell activated carbon are alkaline, in order to avoid aggravating the alkaline degree of the saline-alkali soil, acidic nutrients such as starch, mushroom bran, neutral cellulase, alkaline protease, glucose oxidase and the like are added for neutralization, and the soil microenvironment created by the bamboo charcoal and the shell activated carbon is utilized, so that the acidic nutrients are fully absorbed by plants. The invention has potential market value.)

1. The carbon-based biological fertilizer is characterized by comprising the following components: bamboo charcoal, shell activated carbon, pseudomonas strain freeze-dried powder, starch, mushroom bran, neutral cellulase, alkaline protease and glucose oxidase.

2. The carbon-based bio-fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: 10-15 parts of bamboo charcoal, 4-8 parts of shell activated carbon, 0.01-0.05 part of pseudomonas strain freeze-dried powder, 10-15 parts of starch, 40-60 parts of mushroom bran, 0.1-0.3 part of neutral cellulase, 0.1-0.3 part of alkaline protease and 0.1-0.3 part of glucose oxidase.

3. Carbon-based bio-fertilizer according to claim 2, characterized in that: 13 parts of bamboo charcoal, 6 parts of shell activated carbon, 0.03 part of pseudomonas strain freeze-dried powder, 13 parts of starch, 50 parts of mushroom bran, 0.2 part of neutral cellulase, 0.2 part of alkaline protease and 0.2 part of glucose oxidase.

4. Carbon-based bio-fertilizer according to claim 2, characterized in that: 15 parts of bamboo charcoal, 8 parts of shell activated carbon, 0.05 part of pseudomonas strain freeze-dried powder, 15 parts of starch, 60 parts of mushroom bran, 0.3 part of neutral cellulase, 0.3 part of alkaline protease and 0.3 part of glucose oxidase.

5. A method for preparing a carbon-based bio-fertilizer as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by comprising the steps of:

(1) firing the bamboo charcoal in a dry distillation kettle at the temperature of 400-500 ℃ for 48-72 h, cooling, crushing and sieving with a 30-50 mesh sieve after firing;

(2) crushing the carbonized and activated fruit shell activated carbon, sieving the crushed fruit shell activated carbon with a 30-50-mesh sieve, mixing the crushed fruit shell activated carbon with the bamboo charcoal crushed material in the step (1), and packaging into a bag;

(3) drying and crushing mushroom bran to 30-50 meshes, mixing with starch, and packaging into bags;

(4) packaging the pseudomonas strain freeze-dried powder, the neutral cellulase, the alkaline protease and the glucose oxidase into bags respectively.

6. Use of a carbon-based bio-fertilizer according to any of claims 1-4, characterized in that: the components are uniformly mixed and applied according to 500-700 KG/mu each time.

7. Use of a carbon-based bio-fertilizer comprising a carbon-based bio-fertilizer as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4 in saline-alkali land improvement.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of saline-alkali soil treatment, in particular to a carbon-based biological fertilizer and a preparation method thereof.

Background

The carbon-based fertilizer is a new fertilizer taking biochar as a matrix, wherein the biochar is a substance left after oil and gas in the biomass are combusted by performing high-temperature treatment under the anoxic condition, and the basic theory of the carbon-based fertilizer is a soil fertilizer carbon-based organic theory, namely, the content of carbon-based organic matters in soil is increased, the soil structure is quickly improved, salt and water are balanced, and a soil environment which is favorable for healthy growth of plants is created by quick curing, so that the soil fertility is increased, and the growth of crops is promoted.

Bamboo charcoal, as a typical biochar, has the following advantages for soil improvement: (1) the soil applied with the bamboo charcoal particles has improved physical and chemical properties, and the contents of elements such as hydrolyzed nitrogen, available phosphorus, quick-acting potassium, exchangeable calcium and magnesium are all obviously improved. (2) The application of bamboo charcoal can improve the microbial quantity and activity of soil. (3) The bamboo charcoal has effects of adsorbing pesticide residue and heavy metal. However, the bamboo charcoal is a typical alkaline substance, the pH value is usually between 7 and 10, and the bamboo charcoal can generate volatile matters in the carbonization process, so that soil microorganisms can be damaged, and the bamboo charcoal is not suitable for being directly applied to saline-alkali soil improvement.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a carbon-based biological fertilizer containing bamboo charcoal and shell activated carbon and applied to saline-alkali soil and a preparation method thereof.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

a carbon-based biological fertilizer comprises the following components: bamboo charcoal, shell activated carbon, pseudomonas strain freeze-dried powder, starch, mushroom bran, neutral cellulase, alkaline protease and glucose oxidase.

Preferably, the bamboo charcoal comprises 10-15 parts of bamboo charcoal, 4-8 parts of shell activated carbon, 0.01-0.05 part of pseudomonas strain freeze-dried powder, 10-15 parts of starch, 40-60 parts of mushroom bran, 0.1-0.3 part of neutral cellulase, 0.1-0.3 part of alkaline protease and 0.1-0.3 part of glucose oxidase.

Preferably, the bamboo charcoal comprises 13 parts of bamboo charcoal, 6 parts of shell activated carbon, 0.03 part of pseudomonas strain freeze-dried powder, 13 parts of starch, 50 parts of mushroom bran, 0.2 part of neutral cellulase, 0.2 part of alkaline protease and 0.2 part of glucose oxidase.

Preferably, the bamboo charcoal comprises 15 parts of bamboo charcoal, 8 parts of shell activated carbon, 0.05 part of pseudomonas strain freeze-dried powder, 15 parts of starch, 60 parts of mushroom bran, 0.3 part of neutral cellulase, 0.3 part of alkaline protease and 0.3 part of glucose oxidase.

The invention also comprises a preparation method of the carbon-based biological fertilizer, which comprises the following steps: (1) firing the bamboo charcoal in a dry distillation kettle at the temperature of 400-500 ℃ for 48-72 h, cooling, crushing and sieving with a 30-50 mesh sieve after firing; (2) crushing the carbonized and activated fruit shell activated carbon, sieving the crushed fruit shell activated carbon with a 30-50-mesh sieve, mixing the crushed fruit shell activated carbon with the bamboo charcoal crushed material in the step (1), and packaging into a bag; (3) baking and crushing mushroom bran into 30-50 meshes, mixing with starch and packaging into bags; (4) packaging the pseudomonas strain freeze-dried powder, the neutral cellulase, the alkaline protease and the glucose oxidase into bags respectively.

The invention also discloses a use method of the carbon-based biological fertilizer, which is characterized in that the components are uniformly mixed and are applied according to the proportion of 500-700 KG/mu.

The invention also comprises application of the carbon-based biological fertilizer in saline-alkali soil improvement.

The invention comprises the following main components:

bamboo charcoal is charcoal which is prepared by firing alpine moso bamboos which grow for more than three years at high temperature. The bamboo charcoal has loose and porous structure, fine and porous molecules, and hard texture. Has strong adsorption capacity, and can purify air, eliminate peculiar smell, absorb moisture, prevent mildew, inhibit bacteria and expel parasites. Can remove dampness and sweat, promote blood circulation and metabolism, and relieve fatigue. When the fertilizer is used for soil improvement, the soil environment can be improved, and the soil fertility can be improved.

The shell activated carbon is prepared by selecting shells such as high-quality environment-friendly coconut shells, peach shells, walnut shells, jujube shells and the like as raw materials, refining the activated carbon by adopting the processes of carbonization, activation, superheated steam catalysis and the like, and is black indefinite-shaped particles in appearance through a series of production processes. The composite material has the advantages of good wear resistance, developed gaps, high adsorption performance, high strength, easy regeneration, economy, durability and the like, and is widely applied to life, industry, liquid phase adsorption, water purification and gas phase adsorption.

The pseudomonas strain freeze-dried powder is pseudomonas which is a straight or slightly bent gram-negative bacillus and is mostly distributed in soil, water and various plant bodies, has extremely strong capability of decomposing organic matters, and can use various organic matters as energy sources. When applied to soil, the pesticide has the functions of killing bacteria and pests, and the bacteria are mainly plant pathogenic bacteria, such as pseudomonas solanacearum, fusarium and anthrax. Can promote plant to produce growth hormone to promote plant growth, and can also be used for degrading pesticide.

The mushroom bran is a culture medium residue after the edible mushroom is harvested, commonly called edible mushroom cultivation waste, mushroom residue or residual material, and is a compound of edible mushroom mycelium residues and components such as crude fiber and the like which are subjected to enzymolysis of the edible mushroom and have a qualitative change in structure. The edible fungus culture medium is subjected to a series of biotransformation processes such as biological nitrogen fixation, enzymolysis and the like of edible fungus thallus, the contents of crude protein and crude fat are obviously improved compared with the contents of crude protein and crude fat before fermentation of the edible fungus, cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin and anti-nutritional factors are degraded to different degrees, and simultaneously, various saccharides, organic acids and bioactive substances are generated.

The principle of the invention is as follows:

the bamboo charcoal fired at 400-500 ℃ is mixed with the shell activated carbon, the pH value is 7.5-8.5, a small amount of volatile components are contained, and when the mixture enters saline-alkali soil for soil improvement, the mixture needs to be added with other substances in a synergistic manner to avoid the defects and play the roles of the mixture. When the pH value is adjusted, neutral cellulase, alkaline protease, glucose oxidase and mushroom bran are used for adjustment, the mushroom bran contains a large amount of cellulose, crude protein, saccharides, organic acid and other substances, organic matters, amino acid and other nutrient substances which can be absorbed by plants can be generated under the catalysis of various enzymes, and the organic matters and the amino acid can be fully absorbed under the good environment of soil created by bamboo charcoal and shell activated carbon, so that the growth of the plants is well promoted; meanwhile, the generated acidic substances such as organic acid and the like have the effects of adjusting and reducing the pH value of the soil and resist the increase of alkalization caused by the application of bamboo charcoal and shell activated carbon.

For the treatment of volatile matter, because of adding the pseudomonas strain freeze-dried powder, the pseudomonas strain freeze-dried powder can immediately decompose the volatile matter, so that the volatile matter can not damage the soil microbial environment, and the added pseudomonas strain freeze-dried powder can play the roles of killing insects and bacteria and eliminating pesticide residues.

The starch is added in the scheme of the invention, and plays a role of a nutrient medium for the propagation and the play of neutral cellulase, alkaline protease, glucose oxidase and pseudomonas strains.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

according to the invention, the bamboo charcoal and the shell activated carbon are used for improving the saline-alkali soil, and the pseudomonas strain freeze-dried powder is used for degrading and removing the volatile components of the bamboo charcoal and the shell activated carbon, so that the harm of the volatile components to effective microorganisms in the soil is avoided, and meanwhile, the effect of eliminating pesticide residues is achieved; in order to avoid aggravating the alkaline degree of the saline-alkali soil, acidic nutrients such as starch, mushroom bran, neutral cellulase, alkaline protease, glucose oxidase and the like are added for reaction neutralization, and the soil microenvironment created by the bamboo charcoal and the shell activated carbon is utilized, so that the acidic nutrients are fully absorbed by plants. The invention has potential market value.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The experimental methods in the following examples, which are not specified under specific conditions, were generally conducted under conventional conditions. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.