阅读说明：本技术 一种阻燃抗菌性复合聚丙烯过滤材料及其制备方法 (Flame-retardant antibacterial composite polypropylene filter material and preparation method thereof ) 是由 邹巍巍 毕军 丁长春 马宗伟 梁红超 于 2019-10-23 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种阻燃抗菌性复合聚丙烯过滤材料及其制备方法,过滤材料包含按以下重量百分比的成分,70~90 wt%的等规聚丙烯、3~10 wt%的功能负离子释放材料、3~10 wt%的纳米抗菌剂、2~5 wt%的氧化石墨烯、0.5~5 wt%的阻燃剂及1~3 wt%的分散剂。本发明的过滤材料通过熔融共混挤出,可制备成网状或织物等多种形式,适应于不同环境下空气中污染物的去除,功能负离子释放材料采用压电材料,能够自发地产生负氧离子且不消耗能源、不产生臭氧等二次污染,释放的负氧离子与空气中带正电荷的颗粒物凝聚沉降,可快速去除颗粒物；采用两种以上的阻燃剂复配使用,可提高材料的阻燃性能,采用氧化石墨烯作导电改性剂,既可增强压电材料的负离子释放能力,又可与纳米抗菌剂互补抗菌。(The invention discloses a flame-retardant antibacterial composite polypropylene filter material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the filter material comprises, by weight, 70-90 wt% of isotactic polypropylene, 3-10 wt% of a functional anion release material, 3-10 wt% of a nano antibacterial agent, 2-5 wt% of graphene oxide, 0.5-5 wt% of a flame retardant and 1-3 wt% of a dispersing agent. The filter material can be prepared into various forms such as a net shape or a fabric shape through melt blending extrusion, is suitable for removing pollutants in the air under different environments, the functional negative ion release material adopts a piezoelectric material, can spontaneously generate negative oxygen ions without consuming energy sources or generating secondary pollution such as ozone, the released negative oxygen ions and particles with positive charges in the air are coagulated and settled, and the particles can be quickly removed; the composite material has the advantages that more than two flame retardants are used in a compounding manner, so that the flame retardant performance of the material can be improved, and the graphene oxide is used as a conductive modifier, so that the negative ion release capacity of the piezoelectric material can be enhanced, and the composite material can be complemented with a nano antibacterial agent for antibiosis.)

1. The flame-retardant antibacterial composite polypropylene filter material is characterized by comprising, by weight, 70-90 wt% of isotactic polypropylene, 3-10 wt% of a functional anion release material, 3-10 wt% of a nano antibacterial agent, 2-5 wt% of graphene oxide, 0.5-5 wt% of a flame retardant and 1-3 wt% of a dispersing agent.

2. The flame-retardant antibacterial composite polypropylene filter material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the functional anion release material is a piezoelectric material.

3. The flame-retardant antibacterial composite polypropylene filter material according to claim 2, characterized in that: the piezoelectric material is one or two of modified tourmaline and modified medical stone.

4. The flame-retardant antibacterial composite polypropylene filter material according to claim 3, characterized in that: the nano antibacterial agent is one or more of nano silver, nano copper oxide and nano cuprous oxide.

5. The flame-retardant antibacterial composite polypropylene filter material according to claim 4, characterized in that: the flame retardant is a compound of any two or more of ammonium polyphosphate, pentaerythritol, melamine-formaldehyde resin, aluminum hydroxide, sodium diethylphosphinate, phosphate and phosphite.

6. The flame-retardant antibacterial composite polypropylene filter material according to claim 5, characterized in that: the dispersant is one or more of cellulose derivatives, polyacrylamide and fatty acid polyglycol ester.

7. A preparation method of the flame-retardant antibacterial composite polypropylene filter material as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, which is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

1) preparing a functional anion release material: weighing a 500-1000-mesh piezoelectric material, placing the piezoelectric material in a three-neck flask, adding N, N-dimethylformamide as a solvent, stirring, heating to 30-50 ℃, keeping constant temperature, slowly dropping methacrylic anhydride into the three-neck flask, wherein the mixing ratio of the piezoelectric material to the dimethylformamide to the methacrylic anhydride is 1 g: 100 ml: 1ml, fully stirring for 1.5-4 h, filtering filtrate, leaching with alcohol for 3-5 times, and drying at 50-100 ℃ to obtain the product;

2) preparing a flame-retardant antibacterial composite polypropylene filter material: adding a mixture consisting of 70-90 wt% of isotactic polypropylene, 3-10 wt% of functional anion release material, 3-10 wt% of nano antibacterial agent, 2-5 wt% of graphene oxide, 0.5-5 wt% of flame retardant and 1-3 wt% of dispersing agent into a mixer, and after the mixture is fully mixed, carrying out melt blending and extrusion to obtain the flame-retardant antibacterial composite polypropylene filtering material.

8. The preparation method of the flame-retardant antibacterial composite polypropylene filter material as claimed in claim 7, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: in the step 1), the piezoelectric material is one or a combination of modified tourmaline and modified medical stone.

9. The preparation method of the flame-retardant antibacterial composite polypropylene filter material according to claim 8, characterized in that: and 2) fully and uniformly mixing the mixture in the step 2), adding the mixture into a double-screw extruder, and extruding the mixture by the extruder to obtain the flame-retardant antibacterial composite polypropylene filter material, wherein the working parameters of the double-screw extruder are as follows: the screw rotating speed is 50r/min, and the temperature in the extruder cylinder is set as follows: 160 ℃ in the first zone, 170 ℃ in the second zone, 180 ℃ in the third zone and 160 ℃ in the fourth zone.

Technical Field

The invention relates to an air filtering material, in particular to a flame-retardant antibacterial composite polypropylene filtering material and a preparation method thereof.

Background

Air purification receives more and more attention from people, the most obvious embodiment is that the air purification engineering of public buildings is more and more, and air filter materials are used for large-scale complexes such as subways, hospitals, hotels, markets and the like in a large quantity. Aiming at the purification of particles in the air, the two main categories mainly comprise physical purification and electrostatic purification, wherein the physical purification is paid much attention due to high efficiency, a high efficiency air filter (HEPA) is the most widely used particle filtering and purifying technology at present, the filter media is made of fine polymer fiber material, and is believed to have a removal rate of up to 99.97% for particles above 0.3 micron, wherein, the filter medium is a key factor related to whether the concentration of particulate matters in the air reaches the standard, but the prior HEPA material has no antibacterial and flame-retardant functions, on one hand, because of the accumulation of a large amount of microorganisms on the surface of the material, the material is extremely easy to decay to cause the release of peculiar smell harmful to human beings, on the other hand, when a fire disaster happens, the material is used as a flammable component to cause fire spread, which causes small secondary damage pore size, large filtration resistance, complex preparation and no repeated use, and can cause energy waste and increase filtration cost; high-voltage electrostatic filtration technology is longer because of its life, the resistance is little and need not frequently change, use more and more extensively in recent years, its principle is that dusty gas is by electric separation when high-voltage electrostatic field, behind the dust particle and the negative ion combination area negative electricity, tend to positive pole surface discharge and deposit, electrostatic precipitator because of its during operation needs higher voltage, often have ozone etc. derived pollutant to produce, electrostatic precipitator efficiency receives ambient temperature, humidity influences greatly simultaneously, purification efficiency is unstable inadequately, actual work also can be because the state of striking sparks appears in the higher voltage, certain conflagration hidden danger has.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a flame-retardant antibacterial composite polypropylene filter material and a preparation method thereof, aiming at the defects of the prior art, the flame-retardant antibacterial composite polypropylene filter material has better antibacterial property and flame retardance, the piezoelectric material can spontaneously generate negative oxygen ions, and secondary pollution such as ozone and the like is not generated.

In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the flame-retardant antibacterial composite polypropylene filter material comprises, by weight, 70-90 wt% of isotactic polypropylene, 3-10 wt% of a functional anion release material, 3-10 wt% of a nano antibacterial agent, 2-5 wt% of graphene oxide, 0.5-5 wt% of a flame retardant and 1-3 wt% of a dispersing agent.

In order to optimize the technical scheme, the specific measures adopted further comprise:

the functional anion release material is a piezoelectric material.

Further, the piezoelectric material is one or two of modified tourmaline and modified medical stone.

The nano antibacterial agent is one or more of nano silver, nano copper oxide and nano cuprous oxide.

The flame retardant is a compound of any two or more of ammonium polyphosphate, pentaerythritol, melamine-formaldehyde resin, aluminum hydroxide, sodium diethylphosphinate, phosphate and phosphite.

The dispersant is one or more of cellulose derivatives, polyacrylamide and fatty acid polyglycol ester.

The preparation method of the flame-retardant antibacterial composite polypropylene filter material in the technical scheme comprises the following steps:

1) preparing a functional anion release material: weighing a 500-1000-mesh piezoelectric material, placing the piezoelectric material in a three-neck flask, adding N, N-dimethylformamide as a solvent, stirring, heating to 30-50 ℃, keeping constant temperature, slowly dropping methacrylic anhydride into the three-neck flask, wherein the mixing ratio of the piezoelectric material to the dimethylformamide to the methacrylic anhydride is 1 g: 100 ml: 1ml, fully stirring for 1.5-4 h, filtering filtrate, leaching with alcohol for 3-5 times, and drying at 50-100 ℃ to obtain the product;

2) preparing a flame-retardant antibacterial composite polypropylene filter material: adding a mixture consisting of 70-90 wt% of isotactic polypropylene, 3-10 wt% of functional anion release material, 3-10 wt% of nano antibacterial agent, 2-5 wt% of graphene oxide, 0.5-5 wt% of flame retardant and 1-3 wt% of dispersing agent into a mixer, and after the mixture is fully mixed, carrying out melt blending and extrusion to obtain the flame-retardant antibacterial composite polypropylene filtering material.

Wherein, the piezoelectric material in the step 1) is one or two of modified tourmaline and modified medical stone.

The mixture in the step 2) is fully and uniformly mixed and then added into a double-screw extruder, the flame-retardant antibacterial composite polypropylene filter material is obtained after the mixture is extruded by the extruder, and the working parameters of the double-screw extruder are as follows: the screw rotating speed is 50r/min, and the temperature in the extruder cylinder is set as follows: 160 ℃ in the first zone, 170 ℃ in the second zone, 180 ℃ in the third zone and 160 ℃ in the fourth zone.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) the piezoelectric material used in the invention can spontaneously generate negative oxygen ions, and the negative oxygen ions and particles with positive charges in the air are condensed and settled or adsorbed on the surface of the material, so that the particles in the air can be rapidly removed; meanwhile, the piezoelectric material used by the invention is a natural mineral material which permanently releases negative ions, and compared with a method for artificially obtaining negative ions, the material releases negative oxygen ions, does not consume energy, and does not generate secondary pollution such as ozone and the like;

(2) the flame retardant is compounded by more than two flame retardants, and the flame retardant performance of the material is greatly improved and the application scene of the filter material is expanded through the synergistic flame retardant effect of a compound formula;

(3) according to the invention, the graphene oxide is used as a conductive modifier, so that the negative ion release capacity of the piezoelectric material can be enhanced, the complementary antibacterial effect with the nano antibacterial agent can be realized, and the composite material can effectively kill and inhibit the breeding and propagation of staphylococcus aureus, escherichia coli and other bacteria;

(4) the flame-retardant antibacterial composite polypropylene filter material can be prepared into various forms such as fibers, meshes, fabrics, grids and the like by melt blending extrusion, and is suitable for PM (particulate matters) under different environments_2.5The method has wide application range and meets the requirement of removing pollutants in the air.

Detailed Description

The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples.