阅读说明：本技术 一种永磁电机 (Permanent magnet motor ) 是由 洪真 李朝阳 于 2019-12-09 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及永磁电机技术领域，且公开了一种永磁电机，包括电机外壳、转子结构和定子结构；所述转子结构包括导磁体和永磁体组，所述定子结构包括由内向外依次同轴套设的内定子和外定子；若干所述永磁体组呈圆周阵列于所述导磁体上，所述永磁体组将所述导磁体分隔成转子内层磁极和转子外层磁极；相邻所述永磁铁组的充磁方向相反；所述永磁体组包括左永磁体和右永磁体，所述左永磁体与右永磁体的内端设置有空隙，所述外定子与所述转子外层磁极形成电机的外气隙磁场，所述内定子与所述转子内层磁极形成电机的内气隙磁场。提供两个气隙磁场，实现使用双定子结构构成的双气隙，给电机增加了一倍的气隙。(The invention relates to the technical field of permanent magnet motors and discloses a permanent magnet motor which comprises a motor shell, a rotor structure and a stator structure; the rotor structure comprises a magnetizer and a permanent magnet group, and the stator structure comprises an inner stator and an outer stator which are coaxially sleeved from inside to outside in sequence; the permanent magnet groups are circumferentially arrayed on the magnetizer and divide the magnetizer into a rotor inner-layer magnetic pole and a rotor outer-layer magnetic pole; the magnetizing directions of the adjacent permanent magnet groups are opposite; the permanent magnet group comprises a left permanent magnet and a right permanent magnet, a gap is formed between the inner ends of the left permanent magnet and the right permanent magnet, the outer stator and the outer magnetic pole of the rotor form an outer air gap magnetic field of the motor, and the inner stator and the inner magnetic pole of the rotor form an inner air gap magnetic field of the motor. Two air gap magnetic fields are provided, double air gaps formed by using a double-stator structure are realized, and one time of air gaps are increased for the motor.)

1. A permanent magnet motor comprises a motor shell, a rotor structure and a stator structure; the method is characterized in that: the rotor structure comprises a magnetizer and a permanent magnet group, and the stator structure comprises an inner stator and an outer stator which are coaxially sleeved from inside to outside in sequence; the permanent magnet groups are circumferentially arrayed on the magnetizer and divide the magnetizer into a rotor inner-layer magnetic pole and a rotor outer-layer magnetic pole; the magnetizing directions of the adjacent permanent magnet groups are opposite; the permanent magnet group comprises a left permanent magnet and a right permanent magnet, a gap is formed between the inner ends of the left permanent magnet and the right permanent magnet, the outer stator and the outer magnetic pole of the rotor form an outer air gap magnetic field of the motor, and the inner stator and the inner magnetic pole of the rotor form an inner air gap magnetic field of the motor.

2. A permanent magnet machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the distance between the inner side surface of the outer stator and the inner side surface of the magnetizer is 0.2mm to 1 mm; the distance between the outer side surface of the inner stator and the inner side surface of the magnetizer is 0.2mm to 1 mm.

3. A permanent magnet machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: and the outer ends of the left permanent magnet and the right permanent magnet are provided with isolation reinforcing pieces made of non-magnetic materials.

4. A permanent magnet machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the inner stator comprises an inner stator iron core and an inner stator winding arranged on the inner stator iron core, and the outer stator comprises an outer stator iron core and an outer stator winding arranged on the outer stator iron core; the inner stator iron core is arranged on a fixed shaft of the motor rotor, the outer stator iron core is arranged on the inner wall of the motor shell, the number of winding tooth grooves on the inner stator iron core and the outer stator iron core is the same, the winding mode of the inner stator winding and the winding mode of the outer stator winding are the same, and the phase difference of the windings of the inner stator winding and the outer stator winding is 180 degrees.

5. A permanent magnet machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: comprises a front end cover; the front end cover is arranged at the front end of the magnetizer, and a rotating shaft which is coaxial with the magnetizer and an installation position for installing a bearing are arranged on the front end cover; flanges are arranged between the front end cover and the magnetizer and at the other end of the magnetizer, and bolts used for connecting the flanges at the two ends of the magnetizer penetrate through the gaps.

6. A permanent magnet electric machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: the first end cover, the second end cover and the fixing shaft are further included; the first end cover and the second end cover are respectively arranged on the motor shell corresponding to the two ends of the outer stator; the middle part of the first end cover is provided with a bearing hole which is coaxial with the outer stator and used for installing a bearing, the fixed shaft is coaxial with the inner stator, one end of the fixed shaft is fixed on the second end cover, and the other end of the fixed shaft penetrates through the inner stator and is installed in the installation position.

7. A permanent magnet machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: the thickness of the rotor inner layer magnetic pole is 5mm to 10mm, the thickness of the rotor outer layer magnetic pole is the same as that of the rotor inner layer magnetic pole, the distance between the isolation reinforcing parts between the adjacent permanent magnet groups is 1mm to 3mm, the distance between the inner end face of the isolation reinforcing part and the inner wall of the rotor inner layer magnetic pole is 0.5mm to 1mm, the distance between the outer end face of the isolation reinforcing part and the outer wall of the rotor outer layer magnetic pole is 0.5mm to 1mm, and the thickness of the isolation reinforcing part in the array direction of the permanent magnet groups is 5mm to 10 mm.

8. A permanent magnet machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: and a concave part is arranged on one side surface of the isolation reinforcing part close to the left permanent magnet and the right permanent magnet.

9. A permanent magnet machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: and one surfaces of the left permanent magnet and the right permanent magnet, which are positioned on the inner magnetic pole of the rotor, are provided with grooves, and the inner magnetic pole of the rotor is provided with raised strips matched with the grooves.

10. A permanent magnet electric machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: the magnetizer, the inner stator iron core and the outer stator iron core are formed by silicon steel sheets in an overlapping mode.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of permanent magnet motors, in particular to a permanent magnet motor.

Background

The motor is an electromagnetic mechanical device for converting electric energy into mechanical energy, the power conversion and transmission of the motor occur in an air gap between a stator and a rotor, and all the motors in the world are composed of a stator and a rotor, and the motor only has an air gap magnetic field. When the motor runs, the magnetic field of one of the stator and the rotor of the motor is fixed, and the air gap magnetic field of the motor can be changed only through the change of the magnetic field of the other one of the stator and the rotor of the motor so as to enable the motor to work. This greatly limits the efficiency and power density of the motor.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention mainly provides a permanent magnet motor, which solves the problem that the efficiency and the power density of the motor are greatly limited in the prior art.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a permanent magnet motor comprises a motor shell, a rotor structure and a stator structure; the rotor structure comprises a magnetizer and a permanent magnet group, and the stator structure comprises an inner stator and an outer stator which are coaxially sleeved from inside to outside in sequence; the permanent magnet groups are circumferentially arrayed on the magnetizer and divide the magnetizer into a rotor inner-layer magnetic pole and a rotor outer-layer magnetic pole; the magnetizing directions of the adjacent permanent magnet groups are opposite; the permanent magnet group comprises a left permanent magnet and a right permanent magnet, a gap is formed between the inner ends of the left permanent magnet and the right permanent magnet, the outer stator and the outer magnetic pole of the rotor form an outer air gap magnetic field of the motor, and the inner stator and the inner magnetic pole of the rotor form an inner air gap magnetic field of the motor.

The invention aims to provide a permanent magnet motor with two air gap magnetic fields and two magnetic circuits for each magnetic pole. The bidirectional variable magnetic motor is composed of an outer stator, a rotor and an inner stator, wherein the rotor part adopts a magnetic pole with an inner surface and an outer surface, each magnetic pole of the rotor is composed of two groups of independent magnetic fields, an outer air gap magnetic field is formed between the outer magnetic pole of the rotor and the outer stator, and an inner air gap magnetic field is formed between the inner magnetic pole of the rotor and the inner stator. When the air gap field of the motor changes, one of two groups of magnetic fields of each magnetic pole of the rotor can be enhanced, the other group of magnetic fields can be reduced, and each group of magnetic fields of the magnetic poles of the rotor changes along with the change of the magnetic field of the stator; when the magnetic field of the motor stator changes, the motor rotor is driven to rotate by controlling the changes of the two groups of magnetic fields on the magnetic poles of the rotor. Because the electromagnetic torque of the motor is in direct proportion to the square of the diameter of the air gap, the double air gaps formed by the double-stator structure increase the air gap of one time for the motor.

Further, the distance between the inner side surface of the outer stator and the inner side surface of the magnetizer is 0.2mm to 1 mm; the distance between the outer side surface of the inner stator and the inner side surface of the magnetizer is 0.2mm to 1 mm.

Furthermore, the outer ends of the left permanent magnet and the right permanent magnet are provided with isolation reinforcing pieces made of non-magnetic materials.

Further, the inner stator comprises an inner stator iron core and an inner stator winding arranged on the inner stator iron core, and the outer stator comprises an outer stator iron core and an outer stator winding arranged on the outer stator iron core; the inner stator iron core is arranged on a fixed shaft of the motor rotor, the outer stator iron core is arranged on the inner wall of the motor shell, the number of winding tooth grooves on the inner stator iron core and the outer stator iron core is the same, the winding mode of the inner stator winding and the winding mode of the outer stator winding are the same, and the phase difference of the windings of the inner stator winding and the outer stator winding is 180 degrees. The stator structure of this scheme adopts fractional slot, and single double-deck hybrid concentrates the winding, and the beneficial effect of this kind of winding is that the tooth's socket torque who reduces the motor improves the output torque of motor, reduces the use amount of copper line, reduces the resistance of winding, reduces the copper loss of motor, reduces the temperature rise of motor.

Further, a front end cap is included; the front end cover is arranged at the front end of the magnetizer, and a rotating shaft which is coaxial with the magnetizer and an installation position for installing a bearing are arranged on the front end cover; flanges are arranged between the front end cover and the magnetizer and at the other end of the magnetizer, and bolts used for connecting the flanges at the two ends of the magnetizer penetrate through the gaps. This scheme gets rid of the rear end cap on the rotor, the rotor is in the motor with the mode of suspension, between the outer stator, mainly rely on bearing above the main shaft, rotor front end cap, put the bearing frame in the motor, motor front end cap and motor housing are with the rotor magnetic pole suspension between the inner and outer stator, simultaneously, reduced the material that constitutes rotor structure, it is very light to be whole rotor structure weight, thereby make the inertia of rotor very low, the acceleration or the speed reduction of motor are faster, more energy-conservation when the motor accelerates.

Further, the device also comprises a first end cover, a second end cover and a fixed shaft; the first end cover and the second end cover are respectively arranged on the motor shell corresponding to the two ends of the outer stator; the middle part of the first end cover is provided with a bearing hole which is coaxial with the outer stator and used for installing a bearing, the fixed shaft is coaxial with the inner stator, one end of the fixed shaft is fixed on the second end cover, and the other end of the fixed shaft penetrates through the inner stator and is installed in the installation position.

Further, the thickness of the rotor inner layer magnetic pole is 5mm to 10mm, the thickness of the rotor outer layer magnetic pole is the same as that of the rotor inner layer magnetic pole, the interval between the isolation reinforcing parts between the adjacent permanent magnet groups is 1mm to 3mm, the distance from the inner end face of the isolation reinforcing part to the inner wall of the rotor inner layer magnetic pole is 0.5mm to 1mm, the distance from the outer end face of the isolation reinforcing part to the outer wall of the rotor outer layer magnetic pole is 0.5mm to 1mm, and the thickness of the isolation reinforcing part in the array direction of the permanent magnet groups is 5mm to 10 mm.

Furthermore, a side surface of the isolation reinforcing piece, which is close to the left permanent magnet and the right permanent magnet, is provided with a recess.

Furthermore, the left permanent magnet and the right permanent magnet are provided with grooves on one surface of the inner magnetic pole of the rotor, and the inner magnetic pole of the rotor is provided with raised strips matched with the grooves.

Further, the magnetizer, the inner stator core and the outer stator core are all formed by silicon steel sheets in an overlapping mode.

Has the advantages that: the invention provides a double-phase synchronous driving permanent magnet motor which is provided with two air gap magnetic fields and two magnetic circuits for each magnetic pole. The bidirectional variable magnetic motor is composed of an outer stator, a rotor and an inner stator, wherein the rotor part adopts a magnetic pole with an inner surface and an outer surface, each magnetic pole of the rotor is composed of two groups of independent magnetic fields, an outer air gap magnetic field is formed between the outer magnetic pole of the rotor and the outer stator, and an inner air gap magnetic field is formed between the inner magnetic pole of the rotor and the inner stator. When the air gap field of the motor changes, one of two groups of magnetic fields of each magnetic pole of the rotor can be enhanced, the other group of magnetic fields can be reduced, and each group of magnetic fields of the magnetic poles of the rotor changes along with the change of the magnetic field of the stator; when the magnetic field of the motor stator changes, the motor rotor is driven to rotate by controlling the changes of the two groups of magnetic fields on the magnetic poles of the rotor. Because the electromagnetic torque of the motor is in direct proportion to the square of the diameter of the air gap, the double air gaps formed by the double-stator structure increase the air gap of one time for the motor.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a half-section schematic view of the motor structure of the present embodiment;

FIG. 2 is a schematic half-sectional view of a rotor structure according to the present embodiment;

fig. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the magnetizer according to the embodiment;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the portion A of the present embodiment;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the stator structure of the present embodiment;

FIG. 6 is a half sectional view of the stator structure of the present embodiment;

FIG. 7 is a stator winding distribution diagram of the present embodiment;

reference numerals: the magnetic flux-cored motor comprises a magnetizer 1, a rotor inner-layer magnetic pole 11, a rotor outer-layer magnetic pole 12, a convex strip 13, a flange 14, a permanent magnet group 2, a left permanent magnet 21, a right permanent magnet 22, a groove 23, a gap 3, an isolation reinforcing part 4, a recess 41, a front end cover 5, an installation position 51, a rotating shaft 52, an inner stator iron core 6, an outer stator iron core 7, a fixed shaft 8, a motor shell 9, a first end cover 91, a second end cover 92, a bearing seat 93 and a winding tooth slot 10.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of a permanent magnet motor according to the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following embodiments.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

As shown in fig. 1 to 7, a permanent magnet motor of the present embodiment includes a motor housing 9, a rotor structure, and a stator structure; the rotor structure comprises a magnetizer 1 and a permanent magnet group 2, and the stator structure comprises an inner stator and an outer stator which are coaxially sleeved from inside to outside in sequence; the permanent magnet groups 2 are circumferentially arrayed on the magnetizer 1, and the magnetizer 1 is divided into a rotor inner-layer magnetic pole 11 and a rotor outer-layer magnetic pole 12 by the permanent magnet groups 2; the magnetizing directions of the adjacent permanent magnet groups are opposite; the permanent magnet group 2 comprises a left permanent magnet 21 and a right permanent magnet 22, a gap 3 is formed between the inner ends of the left permanent magnet 21 and the right permanent magnet 22, the outer stator and the rotor outer layer magnetic pole 12 form an outer air gap magnetic field of the motor, and the inner stator and the rotor inner layer magnetic pole 11 form an inner air gap magnetic field of the motor. The distance between the inner side surface of the outer stator and the inner side surface of the magnetizer 1 is 0.2mm to 1 mm; the distance between the outer side surface of the inner stator and the inner side surface of the magnetizer 1 is 0.2mm to 1 mm. The distance between the inner side surface of the outer stator and the inner side surface of the magnetizer 1 is 0.2mm to 1 mm; the distance between the outer side surface of the inner stator and the inner side surface of the magnetizer 1 is 0.2mm to 1 mm. The inner stator comprises an inner stator iron core 6 and an inner stator winding arranged on the inner stator iron core 6, and the outer stator comprises an outer stator iron core 7 and an outer stator winding arranged on the outer stator iron core 7; the inner stator core 6 is arranged on a fixed shaft 8 of the motor rotor, the outer stator core 7 is arranged on the inner wall of a motor shell 9, the number of winding tooth grooves 10 on the inner stator core 6 and the outer stator core 7 is the same, the winding mode of the inner stator winding and the outer stator winding is the same, and the winding phase difference between the inner stator winding and the outer stator winding is 180 degrees. Comprises a front end cover 5; the front end cover 5 is arranged at the front end of the magnetizer 1, and the front end cover 5 is provided with a rotating shaft 52 which is coaxial with the magnetizer 1 and an installation position 51 for installing a bearing; flanges 14 are arranged between the front end cover 5 and the magnetizer 1 and at the other end of the magnetizer 1, and bolts for connecting the flanges 14 at the two ends of the magnetizer 1 penetrate through the gaps 3. The fixing device also comprises a first end cover 91, a second end cover 92 and a fixing shaft 8; the first end cover 91 and the second end cover 92 are respectively arranged on the motor housing 9 corresponding to the two ends of the outer stator; a bearing hole which is coaxial with the outer stator and used for mounting a bearing is formed in the middle of the first end cover 91, the fixed shaft 8 is coaxial with the inner stator, one end of the fixed shaft 8 is fixed on the second end cover 92, and the other end of the fixed shaft 8 penetrates through the inner stator and is mounted in the mounting position 51. The thickness of rotor inlayer magnetic pole 11 is 5mm to 10mm, the thickness of rotor outer magnetic pole 12 with rotor inlayer magnetic pole 11 is the same, between the adjacent permanent magnet group keep apart reinforcement 4's interval is 1mm to 3mm, keep apart reinforcement 4 interior terminal surface to the inner wall distance of rotor inlayer magnetic pole 11 is 0.5mm to 1mm, keep apart reinforcement 4 outer terminal surface to the outer wall distance of rotor outer magnetic pole 12 is 0.5mm to 1mm, keep apart reinforcement 4 and be in permanent magnet group array direction ascending thickness is 5mm to 10 mm. A recess 41 is provided on one side of the isolation reinforcement 4 near the left permanent magnet 21 and the right permanent magnet 22. The left permanent magnet 21 and the right permanent magnet 22 are positioned on one surface of the rotor inner layer magnetic pole 11, a groove 23 is formed in one surface of the rotor inner layer magnetic pole 11, and a protruding strip 13 matched with the groove 23 is arranged on the rotor inner layer magnetic pole 11. The magnetizer 1, the inner stator iron core 6 and the outer stator iron core 7 are all formed by silicon steel sheets in an overlapping mode.

Specifically, the thickness of the rotor inner layer magnetic pole 11 is the same as that of the rotor outer layer magnetic pole 12, and the thickness of the rotor inner layer magnetic pole 11 is set as a; the left permanent magnet 21 and the right permanent magnet 22 have the same thickness, and the thickness of the left permanent magnet 21 is b; the thickness of the insulating reinforcement 4 is set to c; the distance between adjacent insulating reinforcement members 4 is set to d; the distance from the inner end surface of the isolation reinforcing member 4 to the inner wall of the rotor inner-layer magnetic pole 11 is set as e; the distance from the outer end face of the isolation reinforcing member 4 to the inner wall of the rotor outer layer magnetic pole 12 is set as f; in this example, a is 6mm, b is 5mm, c is 7mm, d is 2mm, e is 0.8mm, and f is 0.8 mm.

The rotor structure of the scheme utilizes the permanent magnet group 2 to divide the magnetizer 1 into the inner magnetic pole 11 of the rotor and the outer magnetic pole 12 of the rotor, which are used as the inner magnetic pole and the outer magnetic pole of the rotor, and utilizes the permanent magnet group 22 as the constant magnetic source of the rotor to provide magnetic force for the inner magnetic pole and the outer magnetic pole. The rotor structure is provided with two magnetic poles on the inner side and the outer side, each magnetic pole of the rotor is composed of two groups of independent magnetic fields to form two magnetic circuits, when the magnetic field of the stator changes, one magnetic field of the rotor magnetic pole of the structure can be enhanced, and the other magnetic field of the rotor magnetic pole of the structure can be reduced. The stator magnetic field drives the rotor to rotate and simultaneously controls the size change of two magnetic fields of the rotor magnetic poles, and the efficiency of the motor is improved by the size change of two magnetic circuits of the rotor.

The stator structure of this scheme adopts fractional slot, and single double-deck hybrid concentrates the winding, and the beneficial effect of this kind of winding is that the tooth's socket torque who reduces the motor improves the output torque of motor, reduces the use amount of copper line, reduces the resistance of winding, reduces the copper loss of motor, reduces the temperature rise of motor. The rear end cover on the rotor is removed, the rotor is positioned between the inner stator and the outer stator in a suspension mode, the bearing on the main shaft and the front end cover 5 of the rotor are mainly relied on, the bearing seat 93 is arranged in the motor, the front end cover 5 of the motor and the motor shell 9 suspend the magnetic pole of the rotor between the inner stator and the outer stator, and meanwhile, the material for forming the rotor structure is reduced, the weight of the whole rotor structure is light, so that the rotational inertia of the rotor is very low, the acceleration or deceleration of the motor is faster, and the motor is more energy-saving when accelerating.

The invention aims to provide a permanent magnet motor with two air gap magnetic fields and two magnetic circuits for each magnetic pole. The bidirectional variable magnetic motor is composed of an outer stator, a rotor and an inner stator, wherein the rotor part adopts a magnetic pole with an inner surface and an outer surface, each magnetic pole of the rotor is composed of two groups of independent magnetic fields, an outer air gap magnetic field is formed between the outer layer magnetic pole 12 of the rotor and the outer stator, and an inner air gap magnetic field is formed between the inner layer magnetic pole 11 of the rotor and the inner stator. When the air gap field of the motor changes, one of two groups of magnetic fields of each magnetic pole of the rotor can be enhanced, the other group of magnetic fields can be reduced, and each group of magnetic fields of the magnetic poles of the rotor changes along with the change of the magnetic field of the stator; when the magnetic field of the motor stator changes, the motor rotor is driven to rotate by controlling the changes of the two groups of magnetic fields on the magnetic poles of the rotor. Because the electromagnetic torque of the motor is in direct proportion to the square of the diameter of the air gap, the double air gaps formed by the double-stator structure increase the air gap of one time for the motor.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.