阅读说明：本技术 一种用于餐厨垃圾的高温好氧发酵罐 (High-temperature aerobic fermentation tank for kitchen waste ) 是由 许天成 阮雪薇 刘洋 胡海土 莫灵刚 于 2018-08-15 设计创作，主要内容包括：用于餐厨垃圾的高温好氧发酵罐,发酵罐中设置进风装置、搅拌装置、温度、湿度、含氧量传感器,温度、湿度、含氧量传感器将信号传送给控制器并由控制器根据这些信号控制进风装置、搅拌装置。本发明可以通过传感器将发酵罐内部的物化数据传送至智能控制系统,并通过智能控制系统对风机、搅拌器进行变频控制,以创造最佳的生化反应条件,在提高微生物转化效率的同时起到节能的作用。(A high-temperature aerobic fermentation tank for kitchen waste is provided with an air inlet device, a stirring device and temperature, humidity and oxygen content sensors, wherein the temperature, humidity and oxygen content sensors transmit signals to a controller and the controller controls the air inlet device and the stirring device according to the signals. The invention can transmit the physicochemical data in the fermentation tank to the intelligent control system through the sensor, and carry out variable frequency control on the fan and the stirrer through the intelligent control system so as to create the optimal biochemical reaction condition and play a role in saving energy while improving the microbial conversion efficiency.)

1. A high temperature aerobic fermentation jar for kitchen garbage, its characterized in that: the fermentation tank is internally provided with an air inlet device, a stirring device and temperature, humidity and oxygen content sensors, and the temperature, humidity and oxygen content sensors transmit signals to the controller and control the air inlet device and the stirring device according to the signals.

2. The high-temperature aerobic fermentation tank for the kitchen waste as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the fermentation tank is provided with a gas collecting device, and the gas collecting device is connected with an exhaust system through a gas guide device.

3. The high-temperature aerobic fermentation tank for the kitchen waste as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: a temperature parameter T is preset in the intelligent control system; presetting an oxygen content parameter O; presetting a humidity parameter W; the intelligent control system judges the fermentation stage according to the monitored humidity, temperature and oxygen content data, compares the fermentation stage with preset data, and increases the power of the variable frequency fan and increases the ventilation volume if the temperature is higher than a preset value T; if the temperature is lower than the preset value, reducing the ventilation quantity and improving the power of the stirring device; the system is provided with a humidity protection value, and if the humidity is reduced to be close to the protection value, the power of the variable frequency fan is reduced, and the power of the stirring device is increased; when the oxygen content is lower than a preset value O, increasing the power of the variable frequency fan and increasing the oxygen supply amount; when the temperature is reduced to 40 ℃, the system judges that the rapid fermentation stage is finished, reduces the power of the stirring device and the variable frequency fan and prepares for discharging.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of garbage treatment, in particular to equipment for high-temperature aerobic fermentation composting of kitchen garbage.

Background

The aerobic composting technology is an important technical means for realizing harmless treatment and resource utilization of organic wastes. In the composting process, organic wastes are decomposed and synthesized by microorganisms to form stable humus substances (organic fertilizers), so that the aims of harmlessness and recycling are fulfilled. The aerobic composting is a technical method for realizing the recycling of solid wastes under the conditions of certain moisture, C/N ratio, ventilation and the like through the action of aerobic microorganisms, and is a production mode of organic fertilizers. The composted product is called compost. The aerobic composting process can provide heat required for killing pathogens, so the method is also a harmless treatment mode of the solid organic waste.

The traditional aerobic fermentation process is carried out in an airtight environment, and the generated odor can form secondary pollution. With the development of society, the fermentation tank is gradually replaced by a mechanical stirring forced ventilation type fermentation tank. The device has the advantages that the device has a closed structure, and the generated odor has no pollution to the environment after being exhausted forcibly and deodorized; a forced air supply device and a mechanical stirring device are arranged in the fermentation tank, so that microorganisms can be fully mixed with air, and the fermentation speed is increased; the fermentation period is short, and the land occupation is saved.

However, the stirring device and the ventilation device of the fermentation tank in the technology can not adjust power according to each stage of fermentation, so that the fermentation reaction period is prolonged or the energy consumption is high.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a high-temperature aerobic fermentation tank for kitchen waste, which is more efficient, energy-saving and environment-friendly.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the problems is as follows:

a high-temperature aerobic fermentation tank for kitchen waste is provided with an air inlet device, a stirring device and temperature, humidity and oxygen content sensors, wherein the temperature, humidity and oxygen content sensors transmit signals to a controller and the controller controls the air inlet device and the stirring device according to the signals.

The fermentation tank is further provided with a gas collecting device, and the gas collecting device is connected with an exhaust system through a gas guide device.

The invention has the further technical scheme that a temperature parameter T is preset in the intelligent control system; presetting an oxygen content parameter O; presetting a humidity parameter W; the intelligent control system judges the fermentation stage according to the monitored humidity, temperature and oxygen content data, compares the fermentation stage with preset data, and increases the power of the variable frequency fan and increases the ventilation volume if the temperature is higher than a preset value T; if the temperature is lower than the preset value, reducing the ventilation quantity and improving the power of the stirring device; the system is provided with a humidity protection value, and if the humidity is reduced to be close to the protection value, the power of the variable frequency fan is reduced, and the power of the stirring device is increased; when the oxygen content is lower than a preset value O, increasing the power of the variable frequency fan and increasing the oxygen supply amount; when the temperature is reduced to 40 ℃, the system judges that the rapid fermentation stage is finished, reduces the power of the stirring device and the variable frequency fan and prepares for discharging.

Compared with the prior art, the invention adopting the technical scheme has the following beneficial effects: the invention can transmit the physicochemical data in the fermentation tank to the intelligent control system through the sensor, and carry out variable frequency control on the fan and the stirrer through the intelligent control system so as to create the optimal biochemical reaction condition and play a role in saving energy while improving the microbial conversion efficiency.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-temperature aerobic fermentation tank for kitchen waste and a high-temperature aerobic fermentation treatment device for kitchen waste, which are provided by the embodiment of the invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the following drawings and examples, which are not intended to limit the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1, a high temperature aerobic fermentation jar for kitchen garbage, the fermentation jar is equipped with frequency conversion fan c, discharging device, frequency conversion agitating unit b, and internally mounted has temperature, humidity, oxygen content sensor a, sensor a passes through the wire and is connected with intelligent control system 7, intelligent control system 7 passes through the wire and is connected with frequency conversion fan c, exhaust system 13, frequency conversion agitating unit b respectively to control frequency conversion fan c, exhaust system 13, frequency conversion agitating unit b's operation.

The high-temperature aerobic fermentation tank is used in high-temperature aerobic fermentation treatment equipment for kitchen waste to form a device shown in figure 1, and the device comprises a waste throwing and storing device 1, a crushing and sorting device 3, a homogenizing preheating device 4, a dewatering device 5, a fermentation tank 6, a waste water tank 9, an oil-water separating device 10, a grease collecting device 11 and a waste water treatment device 12.

Kitchen garbage puts in storage device 1 with kitchen garbage through conveyer 2 and is connected, kitchen garbage passes through conveyer 2 and is connected with broken sorting unit 3, broken sorting unit 3 passes through conveyer 2 and is connected with homogeneity preheating device 4, homogeneity preheating device 4 passes through conveyer 2 and is connected with dewatering device 5, dewatering device 5 passes through conveyer 2 and is connected with fermentation cylinder 6, dewatering device 5 passes through the pipe and is connected with waste water tank 9, waste water tank 9 passes through the pipe and is connected with water oil separating device 10, the grease of water oil separating device 10 separation discharges grease collecting box 11 through the pipe and collects, and the waste water of water oil separating device 10 separation passes through the pipe and is connected with effluent treatment plant 12.

When the high-temperature aerobic fermentation composting treatment equipment for the kitchen waste is used, the kitchen waste (with the water content of about 90%) which is collected in a classified mode is put into a putting storage device 1 through a conveying device 2 and stands for about 3 hours, a liquid tank is arranged below the putting storage device 1 and used for collecting leachate of the kitchen waste, and the leachate is introduced into a waste water tank 9 through a guide pipe and stored; the solid part in the kitchen waste putting storage device 1 is sent into a crushing and sorting device 3 through a conveying device 2 for crushing treatment.

The crushing and sorting device can remove plastics and metals, and the organic wastes with impurities removed are crushed and then sent into the homogenizing and preheating system 4 through the conveying device 2.

Since the organic waste has a high water content, the organic waste may have a liquid exudation during the crushing process, and the exudation liquid may be about 20% of the total weight of the organic waste. The above-mentioned exudates are combined in the collecting device of the crushing and sorting device 3 and fed into the waste water tank 9 through the conduit.

The solid part in the crushing and sorting device 3 is crushed to the diameter of 5 mm-50 mm and then is sent to a homogenizing and heating device 4 through a conveying system 2.

The solid is mixed with water 1: 1, heating to about 80 ℃ after mixing to dissolve most of grease, wherein the salt content of the mixture is about 40% of that of the collected kitchen waste.

The solid-liquid mixture treated by the homogenizing preheating device 4 is sent to a dewatering device 5 through a conveying device 2 for centrifugal solid-liquid separation, and the separated solid part is sent to a fermentation tank 6 through the conveying device 2.

The fermentation raw materials are aerobically fermented in a fermentation tank 6, the whole fermentation process is divided into a heat production stage (a medium temperature stage and a temperature rise stage), a high temperature stage and a decomposition stage, wherein the heat production stage and the high temperature stage are carried out in the fermentation tank 6; the thermogenic stage is usually initiated with a stacking fermentation and only requires 2-3 days to rapidly raise the temperature to 55 ℃.

The high temperature phase can reach the highest value (the limit value can reach 70 degrees centigrade) within 1 week. The high temperature plays an important role in the rapid decomposition of the raw material, in which phase the formation of humus begins in the compost and black matter begins to appear which can dissolve in weak bases.

At this time, the C/N ratio is significantly reduced, and proteins, sugars, cellulose and the like in macromolecules are decomposed into low-molecular organic substances and inorganic substances such as carbon dioxide and water. The height of the raw materials is reduced, the total quality is reduced, and pathogens in the organic garbage can be effectively killed through high temperature.

The reaction is a high-temperature aerobic fermentation reaction of microorganisms, and in different stages of the reaction, the humidity, the temperature and the oxygen content in the fermentation tank 6 are monitored by the sensor a, and data are transmitted to the intelligent control system 7 by a lead.

After the intelligent control system 7 analyzes and processes the data, the variable frequency fan c and the variable frequency stirring device b in the fermentation tank 6 are controlled by a lead, so that the temperature and the oxygen content in the fermentation tank reach the optimum state in each reaction stage.

The specific control mode is as follows: presetting a temperature parameter T in the intelligent control system 7; presetting an oxygen content parameter O; presetting a humidity parameter W; all the values are set by the user according to different specific conditions.

Specifically, the system judges the fermentation stage according to the monitored humidity, temperature and oxygen content data, compares the fermentation stage with preset data, and increases the power of the variable frequency fan c and the ventilation volume if the temperature is higher than a preset value T; if the temperature is lower than the preset value, reducing the ventilation quantity and improving the power of the stirring device b; the system is provided with a humidity protection value, and if the humidity is reduced to be close to the protection value, the power of the variable frequency fan c is reduced, and the power of the stirring device b is increased; when the oxygen content is lower than the preset value, increasing the power of the variable frequency fan c and improving the oxygen supply amount; when the temperature is reduced to 40 ℃, the system judges that the rapid fermentation stage is finished, reduces the power of the stirring device b and the variable frequency fan c, and prepares for discharging.

The discharge from the fermentation tank 6 only leaves a part of the organic substances which are difficult to decompose and newly formed humus, and the microbial activity is reduced, the calorific value is reduced, and the temperature is reduced. At the moment, mesophilic microorganisms are dominant again, the residual organic matters which are difficult to decompose are further decomposed, humus is increased continuously and tends to be stabilized, and the compost enters a decomposition stage at the moment. After the temperature is reduced, the oxygen demand is greatly reduced, the fertilizer pile gap is increased, the oxygen diffusion capacity is enhanced, and at the moment, the fertilizer pile can be sent into a forming device 8 only after natural ventilation for about 20 days, and the fertilizer pile can be used as an organic fertilizer raw material for resource utilization after being crushed and formed.

The foregoing has described the general principles, principal features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are intended to illustrate the principles of the invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and the invention is to be limited to the embodiments described above.