阅读说明：本技术 一种适用于秸秆还田的翻压覆盖混合机构 (Turning-pressing covering and mixing mechanism suitable for returning straw to field ) 是由 郝小雨 马星竹 陈雪丽 李伟群 于 2020-01-08 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种适用于秸秆还田的翻压覆盖混合机构,包括:壳体所述壳体前侧上端面安装有变速器,且壳体内部转动连接有秸秆粉碎机构和翻土机构。通过变速器输出轴带动三槽主动轮进行转动,然后在第一皮带的传动作用下使三槽从动轮带动秸秆粉碎机构进行转动,通过秸秆粉碎刀的快速旋转,使本秸秆还田机在向前移动的同时将田地里的秸秆进行粉碎操作；在秸秆粉碎机构转动的同时,通过第二传动机构,使翻土机构同时进行转动,然后通过翻土爪的旋转,使粉碎后的秸秆被迅速翻到土壤中并与土壤进行均匀的搅拌,有效提高了秸秆的利用率,且无需再通过另一种翻土机械即可完成翻土工作,大大降低了秸秆还田的成本及能源损耗。(The invention provides a turning-pressing covering mixing mechanism suitable for returning straws to fields, which comprises a shell, wherein a transmission is arranged on the upper end surface of the front side of the shell, and a straw crushing mechanism and a soil turning mechanism are rotatably connected inside the shell. The three-groove driving wheel is driven to rotate through the output shaft of the transmission, then the three-groove driven wheel drives the straw crushing mechanism to rotate under the transmission action of the first belt, and the straw returning machine crushes the straws in the field while moving forwards through the rapid rotation of the straw crushing knife; when the straw crushing mechanism rotates, the soil turning mechanism is enabled to rotate simultaneously through the second transmission mechanism, then the crushed straw is rapidly turned into soil and is uniformly stirred with the soil through the rotation of the soil turning claw, the utilization rate of the straw is effectively improved, the soil turning work can be completed without another soil turning machine, and the straw returning cost and the energy loss are greatly reduced.)

1. The utility model provides a turn over and press and cover mixing mechanism suitable for straw returning which characterized in that: the straw smashing device comprises a shell (1), wherein a transmission (2) is arranged on the upper end face of the front side of the shell (1), and a straw smashing mechanism (6) and a soil turning mechanism (7) are rotatably connected inside the shell (1); an output shaft at one side of the speed changer (2) is in transmission connection with the straw crushing mechanism (6) through a first transmission mechanism (8), and the other end of the straw crushing mechanism (6) is in transmission connection with the soil turning mechanism (7) through a second transmission mechanism (9); the first transmission mechanism (8) and the second transmission mechanism (9) are respectively arranged at the left side and the right side of the shell (1); the rear side of the shell (1) is connected with a rolling mechanism (4), and two slope surfaces on the upper portion of the shell (1) are connected with a shielding mechanism (5) through bolts.

2. The turning-over covering and mixing mechanism suitable for returning straws to fields as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the shell (1) further comprises a supporting plate (101), a limiting plate (102), a limiting column (103), a connecting block (104), a rectangular opening (105) and a thread thickening block (106), the left side and the right side of the shell (1) are respectively provided with one supporting plate (101), and the back sides of the back surfaces of the two supporting plates (101) are respectively provided with a limiting plate (102) and a limiting column (103), the limiting plates (102) are positioned at the upper parts of the limiting columns (103), the upper end surface of the limit plate (102) is provided with a rectangular sliding chute, the front end surface and the middle upper end surface of the shell (1) are both provided with a connecting block (104), two rectangular openings (105) are symmetrically arranged in the front and back of the two slope surfaces at the upper part of the shell (1), and the two rectangular openings (105) are symmetrically provided with two thread thickened blocks (106), and the upper end surface of each thread thickened block (106) is provided with a thread through hole penetrating through the slope surface of the shell (1).

3. The turning-over covering and mixing mechanism suitable for returning straws to fields as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the rolling mechanism (4) further comprises supports (401), pressing rollers (402), rolling belts (403), limiting rods (404), springs (405), soil removing scraping plates (406), annular grooves (407) and strip-shaped clamping blocks (408), the number of the supports (401) is two, the two supports (401) are respectively rotatably connected to the back sides of the back faces of the supporting plates (101) in the shell (1) through rotating shafts, the back sides of the opposite faces of the two supports (401) are rotatably connected with the two pressing rollers (402) through rotating shafts, the peripheral surfaces of the two pressing rollers (402) are connected with the rolling belts (403), the upper end faces of the front sides of the two supports (401) are respectively provided with one limiting rod (404), each limiting rod (404) is externally provided with one spring (405) located on the upper end face of the support (401), the upper parts of the back sides of the two supports (401) are provided with the soil removing scraping plates (406) through supporting columns, every compression roller (402) outer peripheral face all is the bilateral symmetry form and has seted up two annular groove (407), it is equipped with two to roll and take (403) interior periphery to be the bilateral symmetry form strip fixture block (408), and strip fixture block (408) and annular groove (407) looks joint, two strip fixture block (408) are all in rolling area (403) interior periphery and are encircleed the form and distribute, it is two centimetres to three centimetres to remove distance between earth scraper blade (406) bottom face and the rolling area (403) up end.

4. The turning-over covering and mixing mechanism suitable for returning straws to fields as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the shielding mechanism (5) further comprises a concave sliding rail (501) and mounting holes (502), the concave sliding rail (501) is fixedly connected to a rectangular opening (105) formed in the upper slope surface of the shell (1), the shielding mechanism (5) is connected to the inner portion of the concave sliding rail (501) in a sliding mode, and the two mounting holes (502) are formed in the left-right symmetrical mode of the upper end face of the shielding mechanism (5).

5. The turning-over covering and mixing mechanism suitable for returning straws to fields as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the straw smashing mechanism (6) further comprises straw smashing knives (601), and thirteen detachable straw smashing knives (601) are uniformly arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the straw smashing mechanism (6).

6. The turning-over covering and mixing mechanism suitable for returning straws to fields as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the soil turning mechanism comprises the soil turning mechanism (7), mounting blocks (701) and soil turning claws (702), wherein thirteen mounting blocks (701) are uniformly arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the soil turning mechanism (7), and each mounting block (701) is connected with one soil turning claw (702) through a bolt.

7. The turning-over covering and mixing mechanism suitable for returning straws to fields as claimed in claim 1, wherein: first drive mechanism (8) still include three grooves action wheel (801), three grooves from driving wheel (802), first belt (803) and first protecting crust (804), three grooves action wheel (801) set up on derailleur (2) one side output shaft, three grooves from driving wheel (802) set up in straw rubbing crusher constructs (6) one end, and three grooves from driving wheel (802) and three grooves action wheel (801) between through three first belt (803) transmission is connected, three grooves action wheel (801) and three grooves are from driving wheel (802) outside be equipped with casing (1) one of them first protecting crust (804) that a backup pad (101) side fixed connection.

8. The turning-over covering and mixing mechanism suitable for returning straws to fields as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the second transmission mechanism (9) further comprises a first double-groove belt wheel (901), a second double-groove belt wheel (902), a second belt (903) and a second protective shell (904), the first double-groove belt wheel (901) is arranged at the other end of the straw crushing mechanism (6), the second double-groove belt wheel (902) is arranged at one end of the soil turning mechanism (7), the second double-groove belt wheel (902) is in transmission connection with the first double-groove belt wheel (901) through the two second belts (903), and the second protective shell (904) which is fixedly connected with one side face of the supporting plate (101) in the shell (1) is arranged outside the first double-groove belt wheel (901) and the second double-groove belt wheel (902).

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to a turning-pressing covering mixing mechanism suitable for returning straws to fields.

Background

Returning straws to the field is a method for applying straws (wheat straws, corn straws, rice straws and the like) which are not suitable for being directly used as feed to soil directly or after being piled up and decomposed. The process of agricultural production is also a process of energy conversion. The crops need to consume energy continuously in the growth process, and also need to supplement energy continuously, and continuously adjust the content of water, fertilizer, gas and heat in the soil. The straws contain a large amount of fresh organic materials, and after returning to farmlands, the fresh organic materials can be converted into organic matters and quick-acting nutrients through decomposition for a period of time.

For example, application No.: the invention provides a separated straw returning machine, and belongs to the technical field of straw returning. Straw returning machine is subaerial from the back to preceding motion, including rotary cutter, collect the net, kind of portion and compaction running roller are broadcast in the ditching, collect the front end pan feeding mouth position of net and corresponding with rotary cutter position, ditching seeding portion sets up the rear side at rotary cutter, which comprises a bracket, broadcast kind of portion and set up the furrow opener that is used for in the ditching in support front side surface, the compaction running roller setting that is used for compaction ground with ground contact is broadcast kind of portion directly behind in the ditching, collect net rear end discharge gate and be located the rear side of kind of portion and be located the front side of compaction running roller in the ditching, the front end pan feeding mouth of collecting the net is higher than the rear end discharge gate. The invention realizes one-time mechanized operation of farming activities such as rotary tillage, straw collection, ditching, seeding, fertilization, straw coverage, compaction and the like.

Based on the search of the above patent and the discovery of equipment in the prior art, when returning the straws to the field, a tractor is usually used for driving the straw returning machine to crush the straws. However, the existing straw returning machine has the following defects in the actual use process, such as: 1. although the existing straw returning machine can crush the straws, most of the crushed straws are not directly turned into the soil, so that the utilization rate of the straws is reduced, and although the crushed straws can be turned by another soil turning machine, the cost and the energy loss of the straw returning machine are increased; 2. the grinding mechanism on the existing straw returning machine has poor grinding effect due to the small contact area between the compression roller and the ground, and is usually fixedly installed on the straw returning machine, so that the elasticity and flexibility of the grinding mechanism are poor; 3. when the straw returning machine is detected and maintained, the shell is welded into a whole, so that the whole straw returning machine needs to be reversely detected and maintained, and the convenience of the straw returning machine in the detection and maintenance process is greatly reduced.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a turning-pressing covering mixing mechanism suitable for returning straws to a field, which aims to solve the following defects of the existing straw returning machine in the actual use process, such as: 1. although the existing straw returning machine can crush the straws, most of the crushed straws are not directly turned into the soil, so that the utilization rate of the straws is reduced, and although the crushed straws can be turned by another soil turning machine, the cost and the energy loss of the straw returning machine are increased; 2. the grinding mechanism on the existing straw returning machine has poor grinding effect due to the small contact area between the compression roller and the ground, and is usually fixedly installed on the straw returning machine, so that the elasticity and flexibility of the grinding mechanism are poor; 3. when the straw returning machine is detected and maintained, the shell is welded into a whole, so that the whole straw returning machine needs to be reversely detected and maintained, and the problem of convenience in detecting and maintaining the straw returning machine is greatly reduced.

The invention relates to a purpose and an effect of a turning-pressing covering mixing mechanism suitable for returning straws to fields, which are achieved by the following specific technical means:

a turning-pressing covering mixing mechanism suitable for returning straws to fields comprises a shell, wherein a transmission is arranged on the upper end face of the front side of the shell, and a straw crushing mechanism and a soil turning mechanism are rotatably connected inside the shell; an output shaft at one side of the speed changer is in transmission connection with the straw crushing mechanism through a first transmission mechanism, and the other end of the straw crushing mechanism is in transmission connection with the soil turning mechanism through a second transmission mechanism; the first transmission mechanism and the second transmission mechanism are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the shell; the rear side of the shell is connected with a rolling mechanism, and two slope surfaces on the upper portion of the shell are connected with a shielding mechanism through bolts.

The shell further comprises supporting plates, limiting columns, connecting blocks, rectangular openings and thread thickening blocks, wherein one supporting plate is arranged on each of the left side and the right side of the shell, the limiting plates and the limiting columns are arranged on the rear sides of the back surfaces of the two supporting plates, the limiting plates are positioned on the upper portions of the limiting columns, rectangular sliding grooves are formed in the upper end surfaces of the limiting plates, the connecting blocks are arranged on the front end surface and the middle upper end surface of the shell, the two rectangular openings are symmetrically formed in the front and back directions of the two slopes on the upper portion of the shell, the two thread thickening blocks are symmetrically formed in the left and right directions of the two rectangular openings, and a thread through hole penetrating through the slopes of the shell is formed in the upper end surface;

further, the rolling mechanism also comprises two supports, two compression rollers, a rolling belt, a limiting rod, a spring, two soil removing scraping plates, annular grooves and strip-shaped clamping blocks, wherein the number of the supports is two, the two supports are respectively and rotatably connected with the back sides of the two supporting plates in the shell through rotating shafts, the back sides of the two opposite surfaces of the supports are rotatably connected with the two compression rollers through rotating shafts, the peripheral surfaces of the two compression rollers are connected with the rolling belt, the upper end surfaces of the front sides of the two supports are respectively provided with one limiting rod, the spring positioned on the upper end surface of the support is arranged outside each limiting rod, the soil removing scraping plates are arranged on the upper parts of the back sides of the two supports through supporting columns, the peripheral surfaces of each compression roller are respectively provided with two annular grooves in a bilateral symmetry manner, and the inner peripheral surfaces of the rolling belt are respectively provided with two strip-shaped, the two strip-shaped fixture blocks are circumferentially distributed on the inner circumferential surface of the rolling belt, and the distance between the bottom end surface of the soil removal scraper and the upper end surface of the rolling belt is two centimeters to three centimeters;

furthermore, the shielding mechanism also comprises a concave slide rail and mounting holes, the concave slide rail is fixedly connected with a rectangular opening formed in the slope surface of the upper part of the shell, the shielding mechanism is connected inside the concave slide rail in a sliding manner, and the upper end surface of the shielding mechanism is provided with two mounting holes in a left-right symmetrical manner;

furthermore, the straw crushing mechanism also comprises straw crushing knives, and thirteen detachable straw crushing knives are uniformly arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the straw crushing mechanism;

furthermore, thirteen installation blocks are uniformly arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the soil turning mechanism, and each installation block is connected with one soil turning claw through a bolt;

furthermore, the first transmission mechanism further comprises a three-groove driving wheel, a three-groove driven wheel, a first belt and a first protection shell, the three-groove driving wheel is arranged on an output shaft on one side of the transmission, the three-groove driven wheel is arranged at one end of the straw crushing mechanism, the three-groove driven wheel and the three-groove driving wheel are in transmission connection through the three first belts, and the first protection shell fixedly connected with one side face of one support plate in the shell is arranged outside the three-groove driving wheel and the three-groove driven wheel;

furthermore, the second transmission mechanism further comprises a first double-groove belt wheel, a second belt and a second protective shell, the first double-groove belt wheel is arranged at the other end of the straw crushing mechanism, the second double-groove belt wheel is arranged at one end of the soil turning mechanism, the second double-groove belt wheel and the first double-groove belt wheel are connected through two second belt transmissions, and the second protective shell fixedly connected with one side face of the supporting plate is arranged outside the first double-groove belt wheel and the second double-groove belt wheel and is connected with the other side face of the supporting plate in the shell.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

through the arrangement of the second transmission mechanism, the three-groove driving wheel is driven to rotate through the output shaft of the transmission, then the three-groove driven wheel drives the straw crushing mechanism to rotate under the transmission action of the first belt, and the straw returning machine crushes the straws in the field while moving forwards through the rapid rotation of the straw crushing cutter; when the straw crushing mechanism rotates, the soil turning mechanism is enabled to rotate simultaneously through the second transmission mechanism, then the crushed straw is rapidly turned into soil and is uniformly stirred with the soil through the rotation of the soil turning claw, the utilization rate of the straw is effectively improved, the soil turning work can be completed without another soil turning machine, and the straw returning cost and the energy loss are greatly reduced.

Through the setting that shelters from the mechanism, when this straw returning to field machine is inside to be detected and maintained, will shelter from two bolts that connect in the mechanism through the instrument and tear open, then will shelter from the mechanism and follow the interior slip-out of concave type slide rail and take off can, at last the rectangle opening on the rethread casing with the inside straw rubbing crusher construct of casing with turn over native mechanism detect the maintenance can, this simple structure, convenient operation has improved the convenience when this straw returning to field machine detects the maintenance greatly.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a first view structure diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a second viewing angle structure according to the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a first transmission mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the construction of the press roll of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic representation of the lamination structure of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the shielding mechanism of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the present invention with the shutter mechanism removed.

Fig. 8 is a partial enlarged structural view of the invention at a in fig. 7.

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the straw crushing mechanism of the present invention

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a second transmission mechanism of the present invention

Fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of the soil turning mechanism of the invention.

In the drawings, the corresponding relationship between the component names and the reference numbers is as follows:

1. a housing; 101. a support plate; 102. a limiting plate; 103. a limiting column; 104. connecting blocks; 105. a rectangular opening; 106. a thread thickening block; 2. a transmission; 4. a rolling mechanism; 401. a support; 402. a compression roller; 403. rolling and pressing the belt; 404. a limiting rod; 405. a spring; 406. a soil removal scraper; 407. an annular groove; 408. a strip-shaped fixture block; 5. a shielding mechanism; 501. a concave slide rail; 502. mounting holes; 6. a straw crushing mechanism; 601. a straw crushing knife; 7. a soil turning mechanism; 701. mounting blocks; 702. a soil turning claw; 8. a first transmission mechanism; 801. a three-groove driving wheel; 802. a three-groove driven wheel; 803. a first belt; 804. a first protective case; 9. a second transmission mechanism; 901. a first double-groove belt pulley; 902. a second double-groove belt pulley; 903. a second belt; 904. a second protective shell.

Detailed Description

The embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified; the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", "head", "tail", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are only for convenience in describing and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "connected" and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, e.g., as being fixed or detachable or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.