阅读说明：本技术 一种铝-镁-铝复合板材的制备方法及装置 (Preparation method and device of aluminum-magnesium-aluminum composite board ) 是由 刘文辉 胡强 肖明月 唐昌平 陈宇强 刘筱 于 2019-12-18 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开一种铝-镁-铝复合板材的制备方法及装置。制备方法包括铝合金和镁合金的均匀化处理、“工”字形镁合金坯料的制备、“T”字形型腔的铝合金坯料的制备、将2块铝合金叠合形成“工”字形型腔,把“工”字形镁合金坯料挤入2块铝合金坯料中得到复合坯料、轧制处理；装置由凹坯挤压模和凸坯挤压模组成,2套模具均由挤压头、上模块、下模块、加热装置、测温装置、紧固装置组成；凹坯挤压模的下模块有1个“T”字成型块,凸坯挤压模有1个“工”字型腔,“工”字形镁合金坯料尺寸略大于“工”字形型腔尺寸。本发明的装置结构简单、操作方便,能够通过铝合金坯料和镁合金坯料实现复合材料三维复合,获得高性能铝包镁复合材料。(The invention discloses a preparation method and a device of an aluminum-magnesium-aluminum composite plate. The preparation method comprises the steps of homogenizing aluminum alloy and magnesium alloy, preparing I-shaped magnesium alloy blank, preparing aluminum alloy blank with T-shaped cavity, superposing 2 aluminum alloys to form I-shaped cavity, extruding I-shaped magnesium alloy blank into 2 aluminum alloy blanks to obtain composite blank, and rolling; the device consists of a concave billet extrusion die and a convex billet extrusion die, and 2 sets of dies consist of an extrusion head, an upper die block, a lower die block, a heating device, a temperature measuring device and a fastening device; the lower module of the concave blank extrusion die is provided with 1T-shaped forming block, the convex blank extrusion die is provided with 1I-shaped cavity, and the size of the I-shaped magnesium alloy blank is slightly larger than that of the I-shaped cavity. The device has simple structure and convenient operation, and can realize the three-dimensional compounding of the composite material through the aluminum alloy blank and the magnesium alloy blank to obtain the high-performance aluminum-clad magnesium composite material.)

1. A preparation device of an aluminum-magnesium-aluminum composite plate comprises a concave billet extrusion die and a convex billet extrusion die, wherein 2 sets of dies are respectively composed of an extrusion head, an upper die block, a lower die block, a heating device, a temperature measuring device and a fastening device, the upper die block is matched with the lower die block and is fixed through the fastening device, one side of a space formed between the upper die block and the lower die block is matched with the extrusion head, the other side of the space is an extrusion working area, and the upper die block or/and the lower die block are/is provided with the heating device and the temperature measuring device, and the preparation device is characterized in that the lower die block of the concave billet extrusion die is provided with 1T-shaped forming block, and the convex billet extrusion die is provided with 1I-shaped die cavity.

2. A method for preparing an aluminum-magnesium-aluminum composite panel using the apparatus of claim 1, comprising the steps of:

(1) respectively carrying out homogenization treatment on the aluminum alloy and the magnesium alloy;

(2) adopting a convex blank extrusion die to extrude and prepare an I-shaped magnesium alloy blank;

(3) 2 aluminum alloy blanks with T-shaped cavities are prepared by adopting a concave blank extrusion die in an extrusion manner;

(4) superposing the 2 aluminum alloys to form an I-shaped cavity, and extruding an I-shaped magnesium alloy blank into the 2 aluminum alloy blanks to obtain a composite blank;

(5) and rolling the composite blank to obtain the aluminum-magnesium-aluminum composite plate.

3. The method for preparing an aluminum-magnesium-aluminum composite plate according to claim 2, wherein the size of the magnesium alloy billet in the shape of the Chinese character 'gong' formed by extrusion is slightly larger than that of the cavity in the shape of the Chinese character 'gong' formed by laminating the aluminum alloy.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of processing of metal composite materials, and particularly relates to a method and a device for preparing an aluminum-magnesium-aluminum composite plate.

Background

The magnesium alloy is the lightest structural metal, has the advantages of high strength, high rigidity, damping property, machinability, good heat conductivity, high absorption on vibration and impact, strong electromagnetic shielding capability, rich resources, easy recovery and the like, but has poor corrosion resistance, and blocks the wide application of the magnesium alloy to a certain extent. The aluminum alloy has the characteristics of low density, high specific strength, good thermal conductivity, easy forming, 100% recycling and the like, and has good corrosion resistance because a layer of compact and stable oxide film is easily formed on the surface of the aluminum alloy and can prevent the further oxidation of the internal metal. Aluminum and magnesium both belong to light metal materials, and have the characteristics of high specific strength, high specific rigidity and the like, so that the aluminum and magnesium have wider and wider application prospects in the manufacturing fields of automobiles, rail transit, weaponry, aerospace and the like. The aluminum-magnesium composite material can take advantages of the aluminum-magnesium composite material and the aluminum-magnesium composite material into consideration, so that the structural material with light weight, high strength and good corrosion resistance is prepared.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a method and a device for preparing an aluminum-magnesium-aluminum composite plate.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

a preparation device of an aluminum-magnesium-aluminum composite plate comprises a concave billet extrusion die and a convex billet extrusion die, wherein 2 sets of dies are respectively composed of an extrusion head, an upper die block, a lower die block, a heating device, a temperature measuring device and a fastening device, the upper die block is matched with the lower die block and is fixed through the fastening device, one side of a space formed between the upper die block and the lower die block is matched with the extrusion head, the other side of the space is an extrusion working area, and the upper die block or/and the lower die block are/is provided with the heating device and the temperature measuring device, and the preparation device is characterized in that the lower die block of the concave billet extrusion die is provided with 1T-shaped forming block, and the convex billet extrusion die is provided with 1I-.

A preparation method of the aluminum-magnesium-aluminum composite board adopting the device comprises the following steps:

(1) respectively carrying out homogenization treatment on the aluminum alloy and the magnesium alloy;

(2) adopting a convex blank extrusion die to extrude and prepare an I-shaped magnesium alloy blank;

(3) 2 aluminum alloy blanks with T-shaped cavities are prepared by adopting a concave blank extrusion die in an extrusion manner;

(4) superposing the 2 aluminum alloys to form an I-shaped cavity, and extruding an I-shaped magnesium alloy blank into the 2 aluminum alloy blanks to obtain a composite blank;

(5) and rolling the composite blank to obtain the aluminum-magnesium-aluminum composite plate.

Furthermore, the size of the I-shaped magnesium alloy blank formed by extrusion is slightly larger than that of the I-shaped cavity formed by overlapping the aluminum alloy.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the method can reduce the steps of degreasing and oxidizing layers before the common compounding method by extruding and generating the new metal surface, the generated new metal surface can be more beneficial to extrusion and rolling compounding, and the binding force of the composite material is good;

2. the size of the I-shaped magnesium alloy blank is slightly larger than that of an I-shaped cavity formed by overlapping aluminum alloy, so that three blanks can be combined, and the defect of a composite interface is reduced;

3. the three-dimensional compounding of the composite material is realized, and the compounding area and the compounding strength of the blank are increased;

4. the extrusion die has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation and low cost;

5. the device is provided with the heating device, so that the preheating treatment before extrusion is realized, the plastic deformation capacity of the plate is improved, the temperature of the plate can be detected by transmitting data acquired by the thermocouple to an external temperature measuring device, and the acquired data is transmitted to an external computer system for temperature control.

6. The method can prepare the large-scale aluminum-clad magnesium plate with strong interface bonding capability and high plate quality by the combination of extrusion and rolling, and can better realize industrial production.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention, wherein 1 is a lower mold block, 2 is a heating device, 3 is a temperature measuring device, 4 is a fastening device, 5 is an upper mold block, and 6 is an extrusion head.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a lower die block of a T-shaped extrusion die, wherein a T-shaped forming block is 11.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a lower die block of an "i" shaped extrusion die, wherein 12.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a T-shaped upper blank.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of an i-shaped blank.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and specific embodiments.

As shown in figures 1 to 3, the device of the invention consists of a concave billet extrusion die and a convex billet extrusion die, wherein 2 sets of dies consist of a lower die block 1, a heating device 2, a temperature measuring device 3, a fastening device 4, an upper die block 5 and an extrusion head 6, the lower die block 1 of the concave billet extrusion die is provided with 1T-shaped forming block 11, the convex billet extrusion die is provided with 1I-shaped cavity 12, the upper die block 5 is matched with the lower die block 1 and is fixed by the fastening device 4, one side of a space formed between the upper die block 5 and the lower die block 1 is matched with the extrusion head 6, the other side is an extrusion working area, and the upper die block 5 or/and the lower die block 1 are/is provided with the heating device 2 and the temperature measuring device 3. The aluminum alloy blank of the prepared T-shaped cavity is shown in figure 4 (2 blocks), and the prepared I-shaped convex magnesium alloy blank is shown in figure 5. The size of the I-shaped magnesium alloy blank formed by extrusion is slightly larger than that of the I-shaped cavity formed by overlapping the aluminum alloy.