阅读说明：本技术 一种高效的选择性激光熔化金属3d打印铺粉系统 (Efficient selective laser melting metal 3D printing powder laying system ) 是由 王学才 顾凯 施春宇 孙明丰 熊孝经 张坤 于 2019-12-18 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种高效的选择性激光熔化金属3D打印铺粉系统,其沿水平横向可移动的设置,包括竖向送料组件和设于竖向送料组件下方的水平推料组件,竖向送料组件包括下基座,下基座设有出料通道,水平推料组件包括刀架,刀架上安装有刮刀,出料通道和刮刀中,至少一者设置为沿水平横向不同位置的两处,出料通道的下端口设于两片刮刀之间或刮刀设于两条出料通道的下端口之间。本发明公开的高效的选择性激光熔化金属3D打印铺粉系统,铺粉系统沿横向往复运动的两个行程均可以进行铺粉,即出粉后随即推平,从而实现双向铺粉,解决了现有技术中一个铺粉周期存在一次空走行程,只能实现一次铺粉的问题,提升了效率。(The invention discloses an efficient selective laser melting metal 3D printing powder spreading system which is movably arranged along the horizontal direction and comprises a vertical feeding assembly and a horizontal pushing assembly arranged below the vertical feeding assembly, wherein the vertical feeding assembly comprises a lower base, the lower base is provided with a discharging channel, the horizontal pushing assembly comprises a knife rest, scrapers are arranged on the knife rest, at least one of the discharging channel and the scrapers is arranged at two different positions along the horizontal direction, and the lower port of the discharging channel is arranged between the two scrapers or the scrapers are arranged between the lower ports of the two discharging channels. According to the efficient selective laser melting metal 3D printing powder spreading system disclosed by the invention, the powder spreading system can spread powder along two strokes of transverse reciprocating motion, namely the powder is pushed flat immediately after being discharged, so that bidirectional powder spreading is realized, the problem that in the prior art, one empty-walking stroke exists in one powder spreading period and only one powder spreading can be realized is solved, and the efficiency is improved.)

1. The utility model provides an efficient selectivity laser melting metal 3D prints powder system of shop, includes two-way shop powder mechanism and reciprocal module mechanism, two-way shop powder mechanism along horizontal mobilizable install in reciprocal module mechanism is last, include vertical feeding subassembly and locate the horizontal material pushing component of vertical feeding subassembly below, vertical feeding subassembly includes lower base, the base is equipped with discharging channel down, the level pushes away the material subassembly and includes the knife rest, install the scraper on the knife rest, a serial communication port, discharging channel with in the scraper, at least one sets up to two of following the horizontal different positions, discharging channel's lower port is located two between the scraper or two are located to the scraper between discharging channel's the lower port.

2. The efficient selective laser melting metal 3D printing and powdering system according to claim 1, wherein the lower base is provided with two of the discharging channels, and the scraper is provided between lower ports of the two discharging channels.

3. The efficient selective laser melting metal 3D printing and powdering system of claim 2, wherein the vertical feed assembly further comprises an upper base mounted above the lower base, the upper base being provided with a transition channel connected in parallel with the upper ports of the two discharge channels.

4. The efficient selective laser melting metal 3D printing and powder spreading system as claimed in claim 1, wherein a feed roller is arranged in the discharge channel, and a strip-shaped discharge hole is formed between the side surface of the feed roller rotating downwards and the inner wall of the discharge channel where the feed roller is located.

5. The efficient selective laser melting metal 3D printing and powder spreading system as claimed in claim 4, wherein a fit clearance is formed between the side surface of the feed roller rotating upwards and the inner wall of the discharge channel where the feed roller is located, a flexible baffle is arranged above the fit clearance, and the flexible baffle is mounted on the lower base through a pressing strip and is attached to the upper surface of the feed roller.

6. The efficient selective laser melting metal 3D printing and powdering system according to claim 1, wherein two protective plates are attached to the bottom of said lower base and are placed in brackets and located on both horizontal lateral sides of said discharging channel and said scraper.

7. The efficient selective laser melting metal 3D printing and powder spreading system according to claim 1, wherein the vertical feeding assembly further comprises a flow divider and a storage box, the flow divider is provided with a plurality of flow dividing channels, the upper ends of the flow dividing channels are connected with the lower port of a main flow channel in parallel, the flow dividing channels are obliquely arranged, the lower ports of the flow dividing channels extend horizontally and longitudinally, the storage box is provided with a storage cavity, a material level sensor is arranged in the storage cavity, the flow divider and the storage box are arranged above the lower base, and the flow dividing channels, the storage cavity and the discharge channel are communicated with each other.

8. The efficient selective laser melting metal 3D printing dusting system of claim 7 wherein the diverter is built into the storage bin.

9. The efficient selective laser melting metal 3D printing and powder spreading system according to claim 1, further comprising a horizontal feeding assembly, wherein the horizontal feeding assembly comprises a pipeline, the pipeline is provided with a feeding channel, a spiral conveying shaft is arranged in the feeding channel, and an output end of the horizontal feeding assembly is communicated with an input end of the vertical feeding assembly up and down.

10. The efficient selective laser melting metal 3D printing and powder spreading system according to claim 1, wherein the horizontal feeding assembly is connected with the vertical feeding assembly through a dustproof cover, the dustproof cover comprises an arc-shaped shell and end covers arranged at two ends of the arc-shaped shell, the arc-shaped shell is connected with the vertical feeding assembly, and the end covers are connected with the horizontal feeding assembly.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of 3D printing, in particular to a high-efficiency selective laser melting metal 3D printing powder laying system.

Background

The Selective Laser Melting (SLM) technology is used for rapidly melting preset paved layer by layer of metal powder by using a precise focusing light spot, and functional parts with any shapes and complete metallurgical bonding can be almost directly obtained. The compactness can reach nearly 100 percent, is a rapid forming technology with great development prospect, and particularly has very important application prospect in the fields of aerospace, medical treatment, automobiles, molds and the like. One of the keys in the production and manufacturing by using the SLM technology is to obtain a good powder spreading effect, and the key to realize the industrialization of the SLM technology is to achieve high efficiency and stability. Two-way shop's powder mechanism has guaranteed better shop's powder effect promptly and has still very big promotion SLM's efficiency.

The SLM-based technology is a process of melting and stacking layer by layer, so that a good powder bed is obtained quickly before laser sintering, and in the prior art, only one powder scraping action and one idle running stroke are required in one powder laying period, so that the working efficiency is greatly reduced; the existing powder paving mechanism cannot realize powder paving in a selected area, and powder is wasted; in the prior art, a powder spreading mechanism is complex, the phenomena of uneven powder spreading, powder falling, powder blocking and the like can occur during powder spreading, a workpiece is lost due to light weight, the performance of the workpiece is reduced, and the construction process cannot be continued due to heavy weight of the workpiece.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an efficient selective laser melting metal 3D printing powder spreading system, which can avoid idle travel in a powder spreading period, improve powder bed quality and improve printing speed while ensuring powder spreading quality.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: the utility model provides an efficient selectivity laser melting metal 3D prints shop's powder system, its setting along horizontal mobilizable of level, include vertical feeding subassembly and locate the level of vertical feeding subassembly below pushes away the material subassembly, vertical feeding subassembly includes lower base, the base is equipped with discharging channel down, the level pushes away the material subassembly and includes the knife rest, install the scraper on the knife rest, discharging channel with in the scraper, at least one sets up to two departments along the horizontal different positions of level, discharging channel's lower port is located two between the scraper or two are located to the scraper between discharging channel's the lower port.

Furthermore, the lower base is provided with two discharge channels, and the scraper is arranged between the lower ports of the two discharge channels.

Furthermore, the vertical feeding assembly further comprises an upper base, the upper base is installed above the lower base, and the upper base is provided with a transition channel connected with the upper ports of the two discharging channels in parallel.

Further, a feeding roller is arranged in the discharging channel, and a strip-shaped discharging port is formed between the side surface of the feeding roller rotating downwards and the inner wall of the discharging channel where the feeding roller is located.

Furthermore, a fit clearance is formed between the side surface of the feeding roller rotating upwards and the inner wall of the discharging channel where the feeding roller is located, a flexible blocking piece is arranged above the fit clearance, and the flexible blocking piece is installed on the lower base through a pressing strip and is attached to the upper surface of the feeding roller.

Furthermore, the bottom of the lower base is connected with two protective plates which are arranged in a bracket shape and arranged on the discharge channel and the horizontal and transverse sides of the scraper.

Further, vertical pay-off subassembly still includes shunt and storage box, the shunt is equipped with many subchannels, many the lower port of total runner of upper end parallel connection of subchannel, many the subchannel slope sets up and many the lower port of subchannel vertically extends along the level, the storage box is equipped with the storage cavity, be equipped with level sensor in the storage cavity, the shunt with the storage box is all located the top of lower base, the reposition of redundant personnel passageway the storage cavity and discharging channel communicates each other.

Further, the shunt is arranged in the storage box.

Furthermore, the horizontal feeding assembly comprises a pipeline, the pipeline is provided with a feeding channel, a spiral conveying shaft is arranged in the feeding channel, and the output end of the horizontal feeding assembly is communicated with the input end of the vertical feeding assembly up and down.

Furthermore, the horizontal feeding assembly is connected with the vertical feeding assembly through a dustproof cover, the dustproof cover comprises an arc-shaped shell and end covers arranged at two ends of the arc-shaped shell, the arc-shaped shell is connected with the vertical feeding assembly, and the end covers are connected with the horizontal feeding assembly.

Due to the application of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

1) according to the efficient selective laser melting metal 3D printing powder spreading system disclosed by the invention, the powder spreading system can spread powder along two strokes of transverse reciprocating motion, namely the powder is pushed flat immediately after being discharged, so that bidirectional powder spreading is realized, the problem that in the prior art, one empty-walking stroke exists in one powder spreading period and only one powder spreading can be realized is solved, and the efficiency is improved;

2) the invention discloses an efficient selective laser melting metal 3D printing powder spreading system, wherein two powder outlet channels are arranged, one scraper is arranged, when the powder spreading system stays at a left powder outlet position, a right feeding roller rotates, powder falls on a powder bed, a powder spreading mechanism moves towards the right side to finish first powder spreading in a period, when the powder spreading mechanism stays at a right powder outlet position, a left feeding roller rotates, the powder falls on the powder bed, the powder spreading mechanism moves towards the left side to finish second powder spreading in the period, the powder can be fed to the position needing powder falling at any position and at any time, any area to be constructed is selected to be suitable for component size powder spreading, powder waste is reduced, the problem that the whole platform is required to be fully spread in each powder spreading process in the prior art is solved, and the problem of large amount of powder waste is solved.

3) The efficient selective laser melting metal 3D printing powder spreading system disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the powder can be quantitatively dropped on the powder bed by arranging the feeding roller, the number of turns of the feeding roller in rotation can be set according to the size of a powder spreading area, so that the quantitative powder feeding is realized, in addition, the feeding roller can ensure that the powder dropped on the powder bed is uniformly distributed by feeding the powder through the surface friction force, the condition that the powder is locally deficient or is locally too thick in the powder spreading process in the prior art is overcome, the smooth completion of the construction process is ensured, the problem of component deficiency caused by uneven powder spreading is solved, and the quality of the constructed product is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the operation of a 3D printing powder laying system disclosed by the invention;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a 3D printing powder laying system disclosed by the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a front cross-sectional view of the disclosed vertical feed assembly;

FIG. 4 is a side cross-sectional view of the disclosed vertical feed assembly;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a lower base according to the present disclosure;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a tool holder disclosed herein;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of an upper base according to the present disclosure;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the feeding roller, the flexible baffle, the knife rest and the anti-slip plate mounted on the lower base disclosed by the invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the disclosed magazine;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the outer appearance of the disclosed flow diverter;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the rear half of the shunt disclosed herein, in section;

fig. 12 is a schematic working diagram of the 3D printing powder laying system disclosed by the invention.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further described with reference to the following description of the principles, drawings and embodiments of the invention

Referring to fig. 1 to 12, as shown in the drawings, an efficient selective laser melting metal 3D printing and powder spreading system 100 is connected to a reciprocating module mechanism 200 in a horizontally and horizontally movable manner, the 3D printing and powder spreading system 100 includes a vertical feeding assembly and a horizontal pushing assembly disposed below the vertical feeding assembly, the vertical feeding assembly includes a lower base 110, the lower base 110 is provided with a discharging channel 111, the horizontal pushing assembly includes a knife rest 120, a scraper (not shown) is mounted on the knife rest 120, at least one of the discharging channel 111 and the scraper is disposed at two different positions along the horizontal direction, and a lower port of the discharging channel 111 is disposed between two scrapers or the scraper is disposed between lower ports of two discharging channels 11.

In the preferred embodiment of the present embodiment, the lower base 110 is provided with two discharging channels 111, and the scraper is disposed between the lower ports of the two discharging channels 111.

In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the vertical feeding assembly further comprises an upper base 130, the upper base 130 is installed above the lower base 110, and the upper base 130 is provided with a transition channel 131 connected in parallel with the upper ports of the two discharging channels 111.

In the preferred embodiment of this embodiment, a feeding roller 112 is disposed in the discharging channel 111, and a strip-shaped discharging port is formed between the side surface of the feeding roller 112 rotating downwards and the inner wall of the discharging channel 111 where the feeding roller is located.

In the preferred embodiment of this embodiment, a fit gap is formed between the side surface of the feeding roller 112 rotating upward and the inner wall of the discharging channel 111 where the feeding roller is located, a flexible blocking piece 113 is arranged above the fit gap, and the flexible blocking piece 113 is installed on the lower base 110 through a pressing strip 114 and is tangent to the upper surface of the feeding roller 112.

In the preferred embodiment of this embodiment, the vertical feeding assembly further includes a flow divider 140 and a storage box 150, the flow divider 140 is provided with a plurality of runners 141, the upper ends of the plurality of runners 141 are connected in parallel to form a lower port of a total runner 142, the plurality of runners 141 are inclined and the lower ports of the plurality of runners 141 extend along the horizontal direction, the storage box 150 is provided with a storage cavity, a material level sensor 151 is arranged in the storage cavity, the flow divider 140 and the storage box 150 are both arranged above the upper base 130, the discharging channel 111, the transition channel 131, the storage cavity, the runners 141 and the total runner 142 are communicated with each other.

In the preferred embodiment of this embodiment, the flow diverter 140 is housed within the cartridge 150.

In the preferred embodiment of this embodiment, two protective plates 115 are attached to the bottom of the lower base 110 and are disposed in brackets and on both sides of the discharge channel 111 and the horizontal cross direction of the scraper.

In the preferred embodiment of this embodiment, the horizontal feeding assembly further includes a pipeline 160, the pipeline 160 has a feeding channel 161, a spiral conveying shaft 162 is disposed in the feeding channel 161, and an output end of the horizontal feeding assembly is vertically communicated with an input end of the vertical feeding assembly.

In a preferred embodiment of this embodiment, the horizontal feeding assembly is connected to the vertical feeding assembly through a dust cover 170, the dust cover 170 includes an arc-shaped housing 171 and end covers 172 disposed at two ends of the arc-shaped housing 171, the arc-shaped housing 171 is connected to the vertical feeding assembly, and the end covers 172 are connected to the horizontal feeding assembly.

The dust cap 170 is installed on the storage box 150 and positioned opposite to the pipe 161 of the horizontal feeding assembly, completely receives the powder conveyed by the horizontal feeding assembly, and prevents the powder from flying. The storage box 150 is a cuboid structure, is installed under the dust cover 170, and is integrally installed on the upper base 130, and is communicated with the upper and lower parts to form a large powder storage space. The flow divider 140 is installed at the material receiving opening inside the storage box 150, and divides and stores the powder falling from the horizontal feeding assembly into the storage box 150, so as to avoid uneven powder spreading caused by concentrated accumulation of the powder in the storage box 150. The material level sensor 151 is arranged on a metal plate at the top of the storage box 150, monitors the material level in the storage box, avoids excessive overflow of powder in the storage box, and can also avoid material shortage and printing. The upper base 130 is integrally installed on the lower base 110, and below the storage box 150, the whole structure is a cuboid, two positioning pin holes are respectively formed at two ends of the upper base and used for installing and positioning a front end pressing strip 181 and a fixed installation plate 182, and the middle part of the upper base is of a funnel-shaped hollow structure, so that powder is conveniently concentrated. Four positioning pin holes are formed in the lower portion of the upper base 130 for positioning and mounting the lower base 110. The middle position of the two ends of the bottom is provided with a trapezoidal step opening for matching the installation of the flexible baffle sheet 113. The lower base 110 is arranged on the tool rest 120, is integrally of a cuboid structure, is symmetrically provided with semicircular long grooves in the length direction of the upper middle position, is distributed in bilateral symmetry and is used for being matched with the flexible blocking sheet 113 for installation; two symmetrical round holes are formed at two ends of the lower base 110 and are used for matching and mounting the feeding roller 112. The 2 flexible blocking pieces 113 are made of wear-resistant rubber, are fixed in the middle of the semicircular long groove of the lower base 110 through the pressing strip 114, are distributed in bilateral symmetry, and are flexibly attached to the upper surface of the feed roller 112 to prevent powder in the storage box from falling onto a powder bed from a matching gap, so that the powder is ensured to fall from one side of the feed roller 112 only. 2 feed roll 112 are even smooth long rod-shaped, install between upper base 130 and lower base 110, be horizontal state bilateral symmetry and distribute, feed roll 112 one side clearance is blockked by flexible separation blade 113, the opposite side forms an even bar discharge gate with upper base 130 and lower base 110, 2 feed roll 112 is respectively by 2 motor independent control, when feed roll 112 rotates, just rely on the frictional force on feed roll 112 surface with the powder from even conveying to the powder bed in the bar discharge gate. The powder feeding amount is determined by the rotation speed of the motor so as to realize quantitative powder feeding. The cross section of the pressing strip 114 is a trapezoidal strip for fixing the flexible baffle 113. The upper parts of the side plates 115 are attached to and mounted on two sides of the lower base 110, and the lower parts of the side plates are inclined inwards and in a bilateral symmetry state, so that the impact force of the feeding roller 112 on the powder bed caused by vertical falling is reduced, the left and right buffering effect is achieved, and in addition, the powder falling from the feeding roller 112 can fall near a scraper as much as possible. The blade holder 120 is installed at an intermediate position below the lower base 110, and the doctor blade is installed on the blade holder 120. The fixed mounting plate 182 is mounted at the rear end of the bi-directional powder laying mechanism. The bidirectional powder paving mechanism is integrally installed on the reciprocating module mechanism through a fixed installation plate so as to realize the reciprocating motion of the powder paving device in the construction process.

The bidirectional powder paving mechanism is fixedly arranged on the reciprocating module mechanism to do reciprocating motion, bidirectional powder paving is achieved, the position of the horizontal feeding component pipeline is kept unchanged all the time, and powder is added at the position of the horizontal feeding component pipeline by the bidirectional powder paving mechanism in the construction process.

When two-way shop 'S powder mechanism removed to horizontal feeding subassembly pipeline department, level sensor installs in the certain depth position of storage box, can respond to in advance whether there is sufficient powder in the storage box, if the material level is too low in the storage box to level sensor can not respond to, then horizontal feeding subassembly starts, pours into the powder into to two-way shop' S powder mechanism through horizontal feeding subassembly pipeline, just stops to add the powder until level sensor senses powder back 10S once more.

When the material level sensor senses that enough powder exists, then need not to pour into the powder into, begin to spread the powder action, two-way shop powder mechanism moves to left powder point (according to work piece left side position selection) to the right side, and the motor drives right side feed roll and rotates certain angle and carry the powder ration to the powder bed on, and the motor stops, and shop powder mechanism continues to move right to right parking point, accomplishes and spreads the powder right for the first time. The laser starts scanning the layer of printing members.

When the laser scans the layer, light emission is stopped, the powder spreading mechanism moves to the left side to a right powder outlet point (selected according to the position of the right side of the workpiece), the motor drives the left side feeding roller to rotate by a certain angle to quantitatively convey powder to the powder bed, the motor stops, the powder spreading mechanism continues to move to the right stopping point left, powder spreading is completed for the second time left, and bidirectional powder spreading in a selected area is realized. The laser starts scanning the layer of printing members.

The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.