Accurate measuring equipment for geometrical parameters of track
阅读说明：本技术 一种轨道几何参数精准测量设备 (Accurate measuring equipment for geometrical parameters of track ) 是由 史磊 *** 朱文超 郭奇 赵策力 王伟 于 2019-12-13 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种轨道几何参数精准测量设备,包括牵引驱动装置、惯性组件测量装置、电源、综合处理机、轨道几何参数处理装置和接触网几何参数处理装置。有益效果在于：1)具备里程、轨距、超高、水平、高低、轨向的高精度检测功能；2)通过设备上搭载的处理计算机,可以针对采集的数据进行实时处理,然后直接将检测结果在线输出为报表跟波形图,并且输出轨道质量指数TQI报表,实现超限预警功能；3)测量系统具有扣件道钉识别功能,可以判断扣件安装距离是否符合标准,也可以判断扣件是否存在丢失情况,并且能将检测出的病害进行高精度定位；轨道几何参数检测平台的设备及传感器能够实现轨道交通的轨道几何参数自动连续检测。(The invention discloses accurate measurement equipment for geometrical parameters of a track, which comprises a traction driving device, an inertia assembly measurement device, a power supply, a comprehensive processor, a geometrical parameter processing device of the track and a geometrical parameter processing device of a contact net. Has the advantages that: 1) the device has the high-precision detection functions of mileage, gauge, superelevation, level, height and rail direction; 2) the acquired data can be processed in real time through a processing computer carried on the equipment, then the detection result is directly output on line as a report and a oscillogram, and a track quality index TQI report is output, so that the overrun early warning function is realized; 3) the measuring system has a fastener spike identification function, can judge whether the mounting distance of the fastener meets the standard or not, can also judge whether the fastener is lost or not, and can perform high-precision positioning on the detected diseases; the equipment and the sensor of the track geometric parameter detection platform can realize the automatic continuous detection of the track geometric parameters of the track traffic.)
1. The utility model provides an accurate measuring equipment of track geometric parameters which characterized in that: the device comprises a traction driving device, an inertia component measuring device, a power supply, a comprehensive processor, a track geometric parameter processing device and a contact net geometric parameter processing device; the inertia assembly measuring device can move on the traction driving device through the traction connecting rod; the contact net geometric parameter processing device transmits signals to the orbit geometric parameter processing device through the image acquisition device; the track geometric parameter processing device transmits information to the comprehensive processor in a wired or wireless way; the comprehensive processor is used for analyzing the data acquired by the track geometric parameter detection platform through the intelligent data analysis processing system, and displaying data and graphic results after analysis, calculation and processing; the power supply provides electrical energy to the device.
2. The apparatus for precise measurement of orbital geometry parameters of claim 1, wherein: the traction driving device comprises a walking frame, a stone sweeper, a driving wheel, a driving motor and a walking seat; the walking seat is detachably arranged on the walking frame; the power supply provides electric energy for the driving motor; the driving motor is arranged on the walking seat and can drive the driving wheel to run along the length direction of the track; the stone sweeper is arranged in front of the driving wheel and used for sweeping.
3. The apparatus for precise measurement of orbital geometry parameters of claim 2, wherein: and the walking frame is also provided with an obstacle detection module.
4. The apparatus for precise measurement of orbital geometry parameters of claim 3, wherein: and the walking frame is also provided with a lighting device.
5. The apparatus for precision measurement of orbital geometry parameters of any one of claims 1-4, wherein: the inertia assembly measuring device comprises an inertia assembly measuring frame, a travelling wheel and a measuring wheel; the traveling wheels are mounted on the inertia assembly measuring frame; the measuring wheel is arranged on one side of the travelling wheel; the track geometric parameter processing device and the contact net geometric parameter processing device can be detachably mounted on the inertia assembly measuring frame.
6. The apparatus for precise measurement of orbital geometry parameters of claim 5, wherein: the number of the travelling wheels is at least three.
7. The apparatus for precision measurement of orbital geometry parameters of claim 6, wherein: the contact net geometric parameter processing device comprises a fastener detection module, a fastener transmission module and a data transmission module; the fastener detection module is used for detecting the fastener, works as after the fastener detection module detects the fastener, reports the module for the fastener to information transfer, the fastener reports the module and passes through data communication art module transmission to information for track geometric parameters processing apparatus.
8. The apparatus for precision measurement of orbital geometry parameters of claim 7, wherein: the image acquisition device includes camera and light source, the image acquisition device is used for gathering the fastener.
9. The apparatus for precision measurement of orbital geometry parameters of claim 8, wherein: the inertia assembly measuring device also comprises a mileage encoder, a gauge sensor assembly and a spike sensor; the gauge sensor assembly comprises a left gauge sensor and a right gauge sensor; the mileage encoder is used for encoding mileage; the spike sensor is used for sensing a spike.
10. The apparatus for precise measurement of orbital geometry parameters of claim 2, wherein: a safety handle is installed on one side of the walking seat.
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of track detection, in particular to accurate track geometric parameter measuring equipment.
Background
With the rapid development of economy and the rapid promotion of rail transit construction in China, the pressure borne by a rail transit system is higher and higher, and the traffic density is higher and higher. The track is a basic carrier in the system, so that high-precision detection of each geometric parameter of the track is important basic work for guaranteeing safe operation. Various geometric parameters of the rail are important technical indexes for measuring the quality of rail traffic lines, ensure that a train runs safely and passengers on the train feel stable and comfortable, and are the key points for maintaining and repairing the guide rail.
There are many geometrical parameters of the orbit state, among which the important geometrical parameters are: mileage, gauge, superelevation, level, height, track direction. In the process of track construction acceptance and conventional maintenance and repair, the adopted measurement mode of the current track traffic system is mainly divided into two types of manual measurement and machine measurement.
In China, when a track inspection maintenance worker detects the state of a track, the detection of geometric parameters is mainly performed by a manual method, for example, the detection of curvature is performed by a chord line method, and the detection of superelevation and track spacing is performed by a track ruler, a face spike and other defects is mainly performed by a road inspection worker. The manual inspection is time-consuming and labor-consuming, and has many problems, so that the requirements of line maintenance and repair are difficult to meet. The machine measurement mainly depends on a total station track geometric parameter optical detection trolley based on an optical measurement principle. And detecting a track control network CPIII point by using a total station instrument (the track control network CPIII is a plane and elevation control network arranged along a line during railway construction, is a reference for track laying and operation maintenance, has a point position interval of 60 meters generally, and can be used for inserting and placing an optical measurement prism group). And determining the station position of the total station, wherein the total station determines the track position coordinates and the geometric parameters through the optical detection equipment on the measuring trolley. The method has the main defects of low efficiency, discrete measurement data, unsuitability for measuring the internal geometric parameters of the track, limited measurement data types, incomplete detection of track traffic diseases and lack of real-time online continuous processing capacity of disease information data. The detection is carried out by a portable measuring instrument, but the method has the defects of low efficiency and poor precision.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to provide an apparatus for accurately measuring geometrical parameters of a track to solve the above problems.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention provides accurate measurement equipment for geometrical parameters of a track, which comprises a traction driving device, an inertia assembly measuring device, a power supply, a comprehensive processor, a geometrical parameter processing device of the track and a geometrical parameter processing device of a contact net, wherein the traction driving device is connected with the inertia assembly measuring device; the inertia assembly measuring device can move on the traction driving device through the traction connecting rod; the contact net geometric parameter processing device transmits signals to the orbit geometric parameter processing device through the image acquisition device; the track geometric parameter processing device transmits information to the comprehensive processor in a wired or wireless way; the comprehensive processor is used for analyzing the data acquired by the track geometric parameter detection platform through the intelligent data analysis processing system, and displaying data and graphic results after analysis, calculation and processing; the power supply provides electrical energy to the device.
Preferably, the traction driving device comprises a walking frame, a stone sweeper, a driving wheel, a driving motor and a walking seat; the walking seat is detachably arranged on the walking frame; the power supply provides electric energy for the driving motor; the driving motor is arranged on the walking seat and can drive the driving wheel to run along the length direction of the track; the stone sweeper is arranged in front of the driving wheel and used for sweeping.
Preferably, the walking frame is further provided with an obstacle detection module.
Preferably, a lighting device is further mounted on the walking frame.
Preferably, the inertia assembly measuring device comprises an inertia assembly measuring frame, a travelling wheel and a measuring wheel; the traveling wheels are mounted on the inertia assembly measuring frame; the measuring wheel is arranged on one side of the travelling wheel; the track geometric parameter processing device and the contact net geometric parameter processing device can be detachably mounted on the inertia assembly measuring frame.
Preferably, the number of the travelling wheels is at least three.
Preferably, the contact net geometric parameter processing device comprises a fastener detection module, a fastener transmission module and a data transmission module; the fastener detection module is used for detecting the fastener, works as after the fastener detection module detects the fastener, reports the module for the fastener to information transfer, the fastener reports the module and passes through data communication art module transmission to information for track geometric parameters processing apparatus.
Preferably, the image acquisition device comprises a camera and a light source, and the image acquisition device is used for acquiring the fastener.
Preferably, the inertial component measuring device further comprises a mileage encoder, a track gauge sensor and a spike sensor; the gauge sensor assembly comprises a left gauge sensor and a right gauge sensor; the mileage encoder is used for encoding mileage; the spike sensor is used for sensing a spike.
Preferably, a safety handle is mounted on one side of the walking seat.
Has the advantages that: 1) the device has the high-precision detection functions of mileage, gauge, superelevation, level, height and rail direction;
2) the acquired data can be processed in real time through a processing computer carried on the equipment, then the detection result is directly output on line as a report and a oscillogram, and a track quality index TQI report is output, so that the overrun early warning function is realized;
3) the measuring system has a fastener spike identification function, can judge whether the mounting distance of the fastener meets the standard or not, can also judge whether the fastener is lost or not, and can perform high-precision positioning on the detected diseases; the equipment and the sensor of the track geometric parameter detection platform can realize the automatic continuous detection of the track geometric parameters of the track traffic. The distributed information processing system realizes real-time data acquisition, transmission and management, can analyze and mine the current and historical data, and has all-weather working capacity.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an apparatus for precision measurement of geometrical parameters of a track according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the precise measurement device for track geometry parameters according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a right side view of the precise measurement device for track geometry according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the top view of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a control schematic;
FIG. 6 is a structural diagram of a geometric parameter processing device of the overhead line system;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of detection points for the smoothness of the chordal rail;
fig. 8 is a diagram for analyzing data collected by the track geometric parameter detection platform, and displaying data and graphs after the data and graphs are processed through analysis and calculation.
The reference numerals are explained below:
1. a drive wheel; 2. a stone sweeper; 3. a walking frame; 4. a walking seat; 5. a power source; 6. an inertial component measurement mount; 7. a track geometric parameter processing device; 8. a contact net geometric parameter processing device; 9. a traveling wheel; 10. a traction connecting rod; 11. a measuring wheel; 12. an illumination device; 13. an obstacle detection module; 14. and (4) a comprehensive processor.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the examples given herein without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 8, the precise measurement device for the geometric parameters of the track provided by the invention comprises a traction drive device, an inertia assembly measurement device, a
Preferably, the traction driving device comprises a
Preferably, the
Preferably, a
Preferably, the inertia assembly measuring device comprises an inertia assembly measuring frame 6, a travelling wheel 9 and a measuring wheel 11; the traveling wheels 9 are installed on the inertia assembly measuring frame 6; the measuring wheel 11 is arranged on one side of the travelling wheel 9; the track geometric
Preferably, the number of the travelling wheels 9 is at least three.
Preferably, the catenary geometric
Preferably, the image acquisition device comprises a camera and a light source, and the image acquisition device is used for acquiring the fastener.
Preferably, the inertial component measuring device further comprises a mileage encoder, a track gauge sensor and a spike sensor; the gauge sensor assembly comprises a left gauge sensor and a right gauge sensor; the mileage encoder is used for encoding mileage; the spike sensor is used for sensing a spike.
Preferably, a safety handle is attached to one side of the walking
In a rail transit system, the gauge refers to the shortest distance between two rails in the same mileage, and the action point is on the gauge point. The gauge is 1435 mm. The general equipment measures the track gauge deviation, "+" indicates a large track gauge with a value greater than 1435mm, "-" indicates a small track gauge with a value less than 1435 mm.
The precise measurement of displacement is used for track gauge measurement and track decomposition in full-automatic track rapid detection equipment.
On the basis of researching various track gauge measuring technologies, the method combines the characteristics of the slide rail, adopts a contact type measuring method to realize the measurement, selects a 0.1% high-precision shifter, and then combines an inertial navigation component and other parameters measured by the inertial navigation technology to correct, thereby ensuring that the measuring precision reaches the highest.
(3) Horizontal, high-low and rail direction
The measurement theory of level, height and orbit is based on an inertia reference method.
Firstly, three-dimensional space displacement of a track is converted into a pitch angle, a roll angle and a course angle through inertial navigation equipment, and then rapid and continuous measurement is realized through a strapdown inertial measurement technology. Wherein: the height irregularity of the track is equal to the difference between the vertical movement z of the mass block and the relative displacement h between the mass block and the steel rail.
y = z –h
The vertical motion z of the mass block in the inertial space can be obtained by carrying out secondary integration on the acceleration a detected by the accelerometer; h can be measured with a displacement sensor.
The detection system selects a closed-loop fiber-optic gyroscope and a quartz accelerometer to build an inertia measurement combination, and calculates the height and the rail direction of the superelevation and the guide rail.
a) Calculating the ultrahigh:
c level = (1435 + 70) · sin θ -C preset
The superelevation refers to the height difference (relative to the sea level) of the shortest distance between two rails in the same mileage, and represents the height of the outer rail during turning. According to the design specification of high-speed rails, the superelevation is preset and calculated, and a cubic parabola model is adopted in a transition curve section.
b) Height and track calculation:
the height value of the geometric parameters of the rail transit identifies the height fluctuation change of a single rail in the mileage direction. The action point is at the top point of the rail, and can be respectively output according to the positive vectors of different chord lengths and the space curves in different wavelength ranges.
The track direction refers to the direction swing change of a single track in the mileage direction, and the direction swing change can be output according to the versine of different chord lengths and the space curves in different wavelength ranges, and the direction swing change does not include the design direction change.
Referring to the TB3147-2012 specification requirements, where plane and elevation deviations are converted into pitch and course angle variation measurements, taking into account the line design elements, look-up a table with mileage as an index to obtain the current design value. And simulating an actual chord line by adopting digital fitting, and selecting a closed-loop optical fiber inertia measurement component according to the wavelengths of 30m and 300 m. Assuming that the minimum mileage point in the effective area is P1, a 30m (or 300 m) chord line is taken, and the chord line is divided equally according to the distance of 5m to obtain 6 subsections, wherein no subsection contains n detection points (no tail point, n is an exponential power of 2, which means the number of mileage points corresponding to the actual measurement result, generally n is not less than 8), and assuming that n =8 (the interval of points is 0.625m), there are 49 mileage points in total, namely P1 and P2 … P49, so the specific evaluation method is as follows: p1, P9, P17, P25, P33 and P41 form a first group of evaluation points (the point interval is 5m, the same applies hereinafter), P2, P10, P18, P26, P34 and P42 form a 2 nd group of evaluation points, and the like, knowing that P8, P16, P24, P32, P40 and P48 form an nth (n = 8) group of evaluation points, the 30m chord section evaluation is completed. The next evaluation repeat determined the evaluation group in the same way with an overlap section length of 0.625 m.
Referring to fig. 7, a specific evaluation method example: the track detection between P25 and P33 is calculated as follows:
(4) TQI calculation
TQI is the mean square error of the geometric parameters of the track every 200m sections, and the specific geometric parameters comprise: track gauge, left track direction, right track direction, level, left height, right height and twist. (TQI is related to starting point mileage, which is different if the selection sections are different; depending on the sensitivity of the device, there is a TQI measurement dead zone, about 1.75)
(5) Data communication system
The system adopts a transmission mode combining wire and wireless.
The inside of the system adopts a LAN or wireless mode to realize data transmission; the remote data real-time transmission mode is realized for the external support 3G/4G/5G public network, and an intelligent monitoring foundation is provided.
(6) Data flow correlation processing system
Referring to fig. 5, the geometric parameters of the track are processed by the acquisition computer and real-time processing and calculation of the data are realized, and then the geometric parameters of the track are transmitted to the upper computer in a wired and wireless manner, and finally the user interface display is realized by the computer or the tablet computer controlled by the comprehensive processor 14.
The track geometric parameter detection platform instrument equipment and sensor software realize internal thread scheduling, data acquisition, information fusion, data processing of the equipment and human-computer interaction with a user, and are developed based on a Windows system, and the track geometric parameter detection platform instrument equipment and the sensor software are composed of three CICS components in total and are distributed as follows:
(7) intelligent data processing system
Referring to fig. 8, the intelligent data analysis processing system is configured to analyze data collected by the track geometric parameter detection platform, and display data and graphic results after analysis, calculation and processing. According to the requirements of the work and electric departments, a track geometric parameter report, a TQI report, a oscillogram and the like are generated, and auxiliary decision information is provided for the maintenance of relevant departments.
Has the advantages that: 1) the device has the high-precision detection functions of mileage, gauge, superelevation, level, height and rail direction;
2) the acquired data can be processed in real time through a processing computer carried on the equipment, then the detection result is directly output on line as a report and a oscillogram, and a track quality index TQI report is output, so that the overrun early warning function is realized;
3) the measuring system has a fastener spike identification function, can judge whether the mounting distance of the fastener meets the standard or not, can also judge whether the fastener is lost or not, and can perform high-precision positioning on the detected diseases; the equipment and the sensor of the track geometric parameter detection platform can realize the automatic continuous detection of the track geometric parameters of the track traffic. The distributed information processing system realizes real-time data acquisition, transmission and management, can analyze and mine the current and historical data, and has all-weather working capacity.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.
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