阅读说明：本技术 一种粉尘分离回收设备及方法 (Dust separation and recovery equipment and method ) 是由 李锡华 郑帅 赵静一 于 2019-11-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种粉尘分离回收设备及方法,设备包括：外壳1、高温气固分离器2、内锥封头3、冷却装置4和气液分离器5；外壳1包括依次相连的上封头11、直筒段12,下锥封头13；内锥封头3设置在外壳1内,与直筒段12在其中上部相连；高温气固分离器2位于高温区内并在内锥封头3上部,高温气固分离器2包含合成气入口连接件21、内件支撑件22、高温气固离心分离元件23；冷却装置4包含冷却器41和气水下降管42；气液分离器5位于内锥封头3下部,气液分离器5的气液入口设置在其中部,气液分离器5分离后的气体出口设置在其上部并与直筒段12的低温气出口19相连。本发明可以实现对高温气体中的粉尘进行分离并降温回收。(The invention discloses a dust separating and recovering device and a method, wherein the device comprises: the device comprises a shell 1, a high-temperature gas-solid separator 2, an inner cone end enclosure 3, a cooling device 4 and a gas-liquid separator 5; the shell 1 comprises an upper end enclosure 11, a straight cylinder section 12 and a lower conical end enclosure 13 which are connected in sequence; the inner conical end enclosure 3 is arranged in the shell 1 and is connected with the upper part of the straight cylinder section 12; the high-temperature gas-solid separator 2 is positioned in the high-temperature zone and on the upper part of the inner cone sealing head 3, and the high-temperature gas-solid separator 2 comprises a synthetic gas inlet connecting piece 21, an internal piece supporting piece 22 and a high-temperature gas-solid centrifugal separation element 23; the cooling device 4 comprises a cooler 41 and a gas-water descending pipe 42; the gas-liquid separator 5 is positioned at the lower part of the inner cone end enclosure 3, a gas-liquid inlet of the gas-liquid separator 5 is arranged at the middle part of the inner cone end enclosure, and a gas outlet separated by the gas-liquid separator 5 is arranged at the upper part of the inner cone end enclosure and is connected with a low-temperature gas outlet 19 of the straight cylinder section 12. The invention can realize the separation, cooling and recovery of dust in high-temperature gas.)

1. A dust separating and recovering apparatus, comprising: the device comprises a shell 1, a high-temperature gas-solid separator 2, an inner cone end enclosure 3, a cooling device 4 and a gas-liquid separator 5;

the shell 1 comprises an upper end enclosure 11, a straight cylinder section 12 and a lower conical end enclosure 13 which are connected in sequence; the lower conical end enclosure 13 and the lower section of the straight cylinder section 12 form a washing tank together; the lower part of the straight cylinder section 12 is provided with a loosening air inlet 16, a cooling water inlet 17, a black water outlet 18 and a low-temperature gas outlet 19; a high-temperature synthesis gas outlet 14 is arranged in the center of the upper end enclosure 11, a synthesis gas inlet 15 is arranged at the upper part of the straight cylinder section 12, or the high-temperature synthesis gas outlet 14 is arranged on the straight cylinder section 12, and the synthesis gas inlet 15 is arranged on the upper end enclosure 11;

the inner conical end enclosure 3 is arranged in the shell 1 and is connected with the upper part of the straight cylinder section 12, so that the shell 1 is divided into a high-temperature area and a low-temperature area;

the high-temperature gas-solid separator 2 is positioned in the high-temperature zone and on the upper part of the inner cone sealing head 3, and the high-temperature gas-solid separator 2 comprises a synthetic gas inlet connecting piece 21, an inner piece supporting piece 22 and a high-temperature gas-solid centrifugal separation element 23; the internal part supporting piece 22 is connected with the straight cylinder section 12, and the upper end of the high-temperature gas-solid centrifugal separation element 23 is fixed on the internal part supporting piece 22;

the cooling device 4 comprises a cooler 41 and a gas-water descending pipe 42; the lower end of the inner cone end socket 3 is connected with the upper end of the cooling device 4; cooling water from a cooling water inlet 17 is sprayed into the upper end of a gas-water descending pipe 42 through a cooler 41;

the gas-liquid separator 5 is positioned at the lower part of the inner cone end enclosure 3, a gas-liquid inlet of the gas-liquid separator 5 is arranged at the middle part of the inner cone end enclosure, and a gas outlet separated by the gas-liquid separator 5 is arranged at the upper part of the inner cone end enclosure and is connected with a low-temperature gas outlet 19 of the straight cylinder section 12.

2. The plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the syngas inlet connection 21 comprises a connection pipe 211 and a gas distributor 212; the connecting pipe 211 is connected with the synthesis gas inlet 15, the upper part of the gas distributor 212 is fixed on the internal part supporting piece 22, and the tail end of the lower part of the gas distributor 212 is sealed by a ball seal head; the synthesis gas inlet of the high temperature gas-solid centrifugal separation element 23 is connected to a gas distributor 213.

3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the trim support 22 is shaped as a butterfly head and/or a flat head.

4. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the high temperature gas-solid centrifugal separation elements 23 are spatially distributed in circumferential direction.

5. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the cone angle of the inner conical head 3 is smaller than the angle of repose of the dust to be separated; the lower part of the inner conical end enclosure 3 is provided with 3-4 loose air ports, and a loose air inlet 16 is arranged on a straight cylinder section of a low-temperature area; the cooler 41 is a chilling ring or a plurality of nozzles which are uniformly distributed.

6. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the lower end of the downcomer 42 is serrated, and/or the lower end of the downcomer 42 is no less than 500mm below the minimum liquid level.

7. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the lower end of the separated liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separator 5 is not less than 100mm below the lowest liquid level; the gas-liquid separator 5 is centrifugal separation or other physical type separation.

8. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein there are a plurality of said high temperature gas-solid centrifugal separation elements 23, and when one layer is uniformly distributed, it can not be distributed, two layers are uniformly distributed.

9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the upper head 11, the straight cylinder section 12 and the inner conical head 3 are coated with heat-insulating and wear-resistant materials in the high-temperature region.

10. A dust separation and recovery method, characterized in that the method comprises:

step 301: the dust-containing synthesis gas enters a synthesis gas inlet connecting piece 21 from a synthesis gas inlet 15, and is distributed to a plurality of high-temperature gas-solid centrifugal separation elements 23 at the tail end of the synthesis gas inlet connecting piece 21;

step 302: the high-temperature dusty synthesis gas is subjected to gas-solid separation in the high-temperature gas-solid centrifugal separation element 23, and clean synthesis gas goes out of the upper part of the high-temperature gas-solid centrifugal separation element 23, enters a separation upper cavity formed by the internal part supporting piece 22, the straight cylinder section 12 and the upper end enclosure 11 and enters the downstream from the high-temperature synthesis gas outlet 14 of the upper end enclosure 11;

step 303: the separated dust enters a separation lower cavity formed by the internal part supporting part, the straight cylinder section 12 and the inner cone end enclosure 3 from the lower part of the high-temperature gas-solid centrifugal separation element 23 and enters the cooling device 4 from the bottom of the inner cone end enclosure 3;

step 304: in the cooling device 4, the synthesis gas and the dust are cooled and moistened by cooling water which is sprayed out from a cooling water inlet through a cooler 41, and the synthesis gas and the dust enter a washing tank from the bottom of a gas-water descending pipe 42 of the cooling device 4;

step 305: in the washing tank, the dust in the synthesis gas is washed by water and enters downstream for retreatment through a black water outlet 18 and cooling water; the washed synthesis gas enters the gas-liquid separator 5 after coming out from the upper part of the washing tank, the water separated from the synthesis gas enters the washing tank again, and the synthesis gas enters the downstream from the low-temperature gas outlet 19.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of gas purification and dust removal, in particular to a dust separation and recovery device and a dust separation and recovery method, which are particularly suitable for the field of coal chemical industry needing to separate and recover dust from dust-containing high-temperature synthesis gas.

Background

In the field of coal chemical industry, for a full waste boiler process technology, the temperature of synthetic gas from a gasification furnace through radiation waste boiler heat exchange is 600-800 ℃, the crude synthetic gas contains a large amount of dust, and the dust has certain viscosity at the temperature, when saturated steam or superheated steam is produced by utilizing the synthetic gas in a subsequent working section, the content of the dust in the gas is too large, equipment is often blocked, the whole technology cannot run for a long period, and the treatment of the dust in the synthetic gas becomes a technical bottleneck of the technological route.

Under the working conditions of high temperature and pressure, flammability and explosiveness, high impurity concentration, small dust particle size (less than 5-10 mu m), easy abrasion, easy adhesion, easy blockage and the like, equipment with a single dust removal mechanism cannot meet the requirement of efficient gas purification, and the most reasonable selection is realized by combining the wet dust removal mechanism and the centrifugal dust removal mechanism.

The cyclone separator is a gas-solid (liquid) separation device which separates dust from an airflow by utilizing a centrifugal force generated when the cyclone separator rotates at a high speed by utilizing a gaseous heterogeneous system. As the centrifugal force borne by the particles is far greater than the gravity force and the inertia force, the minimum particle size of the cyclone separator which can economically separate the particles can reach 5-10 mu m. In addition, the cyclone separator has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation and maintenance, stable performance, no limitation of concentration, temperature, physical property and the like of dust-containing gas, and low manufacturing cost, so the cyclone separator is widely applied to industrial production of petroleum, chemical industry, coal, electric power, environmental protection, metallurgy and the like.

The effect of the dry cyclone separator on separating fine dust with the particle size of less than 5 μm is still not ideal, because the particles with small particle size are thrown to the wall surface under the action of centrifugal force, and are easy to bounce to the cyclone central circulation area (i.e. cyclone internal flow) due to the rough wall surface after reaching the wall surface, so that the particles are carried out of the cyclone separator by airflow.

The wet cyclone separator has been used in a small amount in industrial production, for example, the wet multi-cyclone separator disclosed in the chinese patent application and the dust removing system having the same are disclosed in CN103157561A, the wet multi-cyclone separator uses a nozzle to spray water in an air inlet pipe, the sprayed water mist is fully mixed with gas and enters into a cyclone for separation, a dust exhaust pipe of the multi-cyclone separator is inserted into a water tank for sealing, the discharged water and dust are directly exhausted into the water tank, the water tank is used as a water storage container, and the purified gas is exhausted from an air outlet. Although the dust remover can achieve higher dust removal efficiency than the dry operation, the dust remover also has a plurality of defects: (1) the interior water smoke of this dust remover is by being located the fixed shower nozzle spun in the air-intake pipe, and shower nozzle spun water atomization effect is unsatisfactory, and water smoke is difficult to and dusty gas intensive mixing, and the entering whirlwind that simultaneously water smoke can not be even is sub, and then influences the separation effect. (2) The structure of this dust remover is not applicable to the operating mode that the high temperature area was pressed, and is poor to high concentration dust separation effect simultaneously, uses and has the limitation.

Disclosure of Invention

The following is a summary of the subject matter described in detail herein. This summary is not intended to limit the scope of the claims.

The embodiment of the invention provides a dust separation and recovery device and a dust separation and recovery method, which can effectively remove dust particles and other impurities in gas, so as to solve the problem that equipment in a subsequent working section is blocked due to overhigh dust content in synthesis gas in the prior art, and further increase the economic benefit of a chemical device.

In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides a dust separation and recovery apparatus, including: the device comprises a shell 1, a high-temperature gas-solid separator 2, an inner cone end enclosure 3, a cooling device 4 and a gas-liquid separator 5;

the shell 1 comprises an upper end enclosure 11, a straight cylinder section 12 and a lower conical end enclosure 13 which are connected in sequence; the lower conical end enclosure 13 and the lower section of the straight cylinder section 12 form a washing tank together; the lower part of the straight cylinder section 12 is provided with a loosening air inlet 16, a cooling water inlet 17, a black water outlet 18 and a low-temperature gas outlet 19; a high-temperature synthesis gas outlet 14 is arranged in the center of the upper end enclosure 11, a synthesis gas inlet 15 is arranged at the upper part of the straight cylinder section 12, or the high-temperature synthesis gas outlet 14 is arranged on the straight cylinder section 12, and the synthesis gas inlet 15 is arranged on the upper end enclosure 11;

the inner conical end enclosure 3 is arranged in the shell 1 and is connected with the upper part of the straight cylinder section 12, so that the shell 1 is divided into a high-temperature area and a low-temperature area;

the high-temperature gas-solid separator 2 is positioned in the high-temperature zone and on the upper part of the inner cone sealing head 3, and the high-temperature gas-solid separator 2 comprises a synthetic gas inlet connecting piece 21, an inner piece supporting piece 22 and a high-temperature gas-solid centrifugal separation element 23; the internal part supporting piece 22 is connected with the straight cylinder section 12, and the upper end of the high-temperature gas-solid centrifugal separation element 23 is fixed on the internal part supporting piece 22;

the cooling device 4 comprises a cooler 41 and a gas-water descending pipe 42; the lower end of the inner cone end socket 3 is connected with the upper end of the cooling device 4; cooling water from a cooling water inlet 17 is sprayed into the upper end of a gas-water descending pipe 42 through a cooler 41;

the gas-liquid separator 5 is positioned at the lower part of the inner cone end enclosure 3, a gas-liquid inlet of the gas-liquid separator 5 is arranged at the middle part of the inner cone end enclosure, and a gas outlet separated by the gas-liquid separator 5 is arranged at the upper part of the inner cone end enclosure and is connected with a low-temperature gas outlet 19 of the straight cylinder section 12.

Optionally, the syngas inlet connection 21 comprises a connection pipe 211 and a gas distributor 212; the connecting pipe 211 is connected with the synthesis gas inlet 15, the upper part of the gas distributor 212 is fixed on the internal part supporting piece 22, and the tail end of the lower part of the gas distributor 212 is sealed by a ball seal head; the synthesis gas inlet of the high temperature gas-solid centrifugal separation element 23 is connected to a gas distributor 213.

Optionally, the trim support 22 is shaped as a butterfly head and/or a flat head.

Optionally, the high-temperature gas-solid centrifugal separation elements 23 are spatially distributed uniformly in the circumferential direction.

Optionally, the cone angle of the inner conical end socket 3 is smaller than the repose angle of the dust to be separated; the lower part of the inner conical end enclosure 3 is provided with 3-4 loose air ports, and a loose air inlet 16 is arranged on a straight cylinder section of a low-temperature area; the cooler 41 is a chilling ring or a plurality of nozzles which are uniformly distributed.

Optionally, the lower end of the gas-water descending pipe 42 is serrated, and/or the lower end of the gas-water descending pipe 42 is not less than 500mm lower than the lowest liquid level.

Optionally, the lower end of the separated liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separator 5 is not less than 100mm lower than the lowest liquid level; the gas-liquid separator 5 is centrifugal separation or other physical type separation.

Optionally, the number of the high-temperature gas-solid centrifugal separation elements 23 is multiple, and when one layer of the high-temperature gas-solid centrifugal separation elements 23 is uniformly distributed, the high-temperature gas-solid centrifugal separation elements can be uniformly distributed in two layers.

Optionally, a heat-insulating wear-resistant material is attached to a high-temperature region formed by the upper end enclosure 11, the straight cylinder section 12 and the inner cone end enclosure 3.

The embodiment of the invention also provides a dust separation and recovery method, which comprises the following steps:

step 301: the dust-containing synthesis gas enters a synthesis gas inlet connecting piece 21 from a synthesis gas inlet 15, and is distributed to a plurality of high-temperature gas-solid centrifugal separation elements 23 at the tail end of the synthesis gas inlet connecting piece 21;

step 302: the high-temperature dusty synthesis gas is subjected to gas-solid separation in the high-temperature gas-solid centrifugal separation element 23, and clean synthesis gas goes out of the upper part of the high-temperature gas-solid centrifugal separation element 23, enters a separation upper cavity formed by the internal part supporting piece 22, the straight cylinder section 12 and the upper end enclosure 11 and enters the downstream from the high-temperature synthesis gas outlet 14 of the upper end enclosure 11;

step 303: the separated dust enters a separation lower cavity formed by the internal part supporting part, the straight cylinder section 12 and the inner cone end enclosure 3 from the lower part of the high-temperature gas-solid centrifugal separation element 23 and enters the cooling device 4 from the bottom of the inner cone end enclosure 3;

step 304: in the cooling device 4, the synthesis gas and the dust are cooled and moistened by cooling water which is sprayed out from a cooling water inlet through a cooler 41, and the synthesis gas and the dust enter a washing tank from the bottom of a gas-water descending pipe 42 of the cooling device 4;

step 305: in the washing tank, the dust in the synthesis gas is washed by water and enters downstream for retreatment through a black water outlet 18 and cooling water; the washed synthesis gas enters the gas-liquid separator 5 after coming out from the upper part of the washing tank, the water separated from the synthesis gas enters the washing tank again, and the synthesis gas enters the downstream from the low-temperature gas outlet 19.

Compared with the prior art, the dust separating and recycling device and the dust separating and recycling method provided by the embodiment of the invention can separate and cool and recycle dust in high-temperature gas, particularly dust with certain viscosity at high temperature, have good separating effect, and meanwhile, the device utilizes cooling water to wash synthesis gas to absorb dust, the temperature of the dust is also reduced from the high temperature to 200 ℃, so that the dust can be conveniently treated in the subsequent working section. According to the dust separation and recovery equipment and method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the dust in the synthesis gas can be separated, so that the separated synthesis gas can not block the equipment when the subsequent equipment is used, and the requirement of safe and continuous operation of a coal chemical gasification device is met. The dust separating and recycling device provided by the embodiment of the invention has the advantages of good dust separating effect, compact structure and the like, and is particularly suitable for separating and recycling high-temperature synthesis gas dust generated by an entrained flow bed full-waste boiler coal gasification process. The dust separation and recovery equipment provided by the embodiment of the invention has the advantages of ingenious design, simple structure and low manufacturing and maintenance cost.

Other aspects will be apparent upon reading and understanding the attached drawings and detailed description.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the claimed subject matter and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the subject matter and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the subject matter and not to limit the subject matter. In the drawings:

fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a dust separation and recovery apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the uniform distribution of the high-temperature gas-solid centrifugal separation elements in the embodiment of the invention.

In the figure:

1-shell, 11-upper end enclosure, 12-straight cylinder section, 13-lower cone end enclosure, 14-high temperature synthesis gas outlet, 15-synthesis gas inlet, 16-loose air inlet, 17-cooling water inlet, 18-black water outlet, 19-low temperature gas outlet, 2-high temperature gas-solid separator, 21-synthesis gas inlet connecting piece, 211-connecting pipe, 212-gas distributor, 22-internal part supporting piece, 23-high temperature gas-solid centrifugal separation element, 3-inner cone end enclosure, 4-cooling device, 41-cooler, 42-gas-water descending pipe, 5-gas-liquid separator and 7-lowest liquid level.

The implementation, functional features and advantages of the objectives of the present application will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Detailed Description

It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.

Referring to fig. 1, a schematic structural diagram of a dust separating and recycling apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. The dust separation and recovery equipment comprises: the device comprises a shell 1, a high-temperature gas-solid separator 2, an inner cone end enclosure 3, a cooling device 4 and a gas-liquid separator 5.

The shell 1 comprises an upper end enclosure 11, a straight cylinder section 12 and a lower conical end enclosure 13 from top to bottom in sequence, and the shell can bear certain pressure and temperature; the lower conical end enclosure 13 and the lower section of the straight cylinder section 12 jointly form a washing tank, and liquid with a certain height is filled in the washing tank and used for washing and dedusting dust-containing gas. In the embodiment, the center of the upper end enclosure 11 is provided with a high-temperature synthesis gas outlet 14, the upper part of the straight cylinder section 12 is provided with a synthesis gas inlet 15, and the lower part of the straight cylinder section is provided with a loosening air inlet 16, a cooling water inlet 17, a black water outlet 18 and a low-temperature gas outlet 19;

the inner cone end socket 3 is arranged in the pressure-bearing cavity of the shell and is connected with the upper part of the straight cylinder section 12, so that the shell 1 is divided into a high-temperature area and a low-temperature area; a heat insulation and wear resistant material is attached to a high-temperature area formed by the upper end enclosure 11, the straight cylinder section 12 and the inner cone end enclosure 3 so as to protect the use temperature of a pressure-bearing part in the high-temperature area from exceeding the design temperature;

the high-temperature gas-solid separator 2 is positioned in the high-temperature zone and on the upper part of the inner cone sealing head 3, and the high-temperature gas-solid separator 2 comprises a synthetic gas inlet connecting piece 21, an internal piece supporting piece 22 and a plurality of high-temperature gas-solid centrifugal separation elements 23; the syngas inlet connection 21 comprises a connection pipe 211 and a gas distributor 212; the connecting pipe 211 on the synthetic gas inlet connecting piece 21 is connected with the synthetic gas inlet 15, the upper part of the gas distributor 212 is fixed on the internal part supporting piece 22, and the tail end of the lower part of the gas distributor 212 is sealed by a ball sealing head;

the inner member support member 22 is connected with the straight cylinder section 12, and the shape of the inner member support member 22 can be a butterfly-shaped end socket, a flat end socket or a combination of the butterfly-shaped end socket and the flat end socket;

the synthesis gas inlet of the high-temperature gas-solid centrifugal separation element 23 is arranged at the side part, after the high-temperature gas is subjected to centrifugal separation, clean gas is discharged from the upper part of the high-temperature gas-solid centrifugal separation element 23, and separated dust is discharged from the lower part of the high-temperature gas-solid centrifugal separation element 23;

the synthetic gas inlet of the high-temperature gas-solid centrifugal separation element 23 is connected with the gas distributor 212, and the upper end of the high-temperature gas-solid centrifugal separation element 23 is fixed on the support; the number of the high-temperature gas-solid centrifugal separation elements 23 can be 2-12.

The number of the high-temperature gas-solid centrifugal separation elements 23 is determined according to the separation efficiency required by the process calculation, and the high-temperature gas-solid centrifugal separation elements 23 are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction in a space manner, as shown in fig. 2;

the cone angle of the inner cone end socket 3 is smaller than the repose angle of dust to be separated; the lower part of the inner conical end enclosure 3 is provided with 3-4 loose air ports, and inlets of the loose air ports are arranged on the straight cylinder section of the low-temperature area; the lower end of the inner cone end socket 3 is connected with the upper end of the cooling device 4; the cooling device 4 comprises a cooler 41 and a gas-water descending pipe 42; the structure of the cooler 41 can be a chilling ring or a plurality of nozzles which are uniformly distributed, and cooling water from the cooling water inlet 17 is sprayed into the upper end of the air-water descending pipe 42 through the cooler 41; the lower end part of the air-water descending pipe 42 is serrated; the lower end of the air-water descending pipe 42 is not less than 500mm lower than the lowest liquid level 7;

the gas-liquid separator 5 is positioned at the lower part of the inner cone end socket 3, a gas-liquid inlet of the gas-liquid separator 5 is arranged at the middle part of the gas-liquid separator, and a gas outlet after separation of the gas-liquid separator 5 is arranged at the upper part and is connected with the straight cylinder section low-temperature gas outlet 19; the lower end of a separated liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separator 5 is not less than 100mm lower than the lowest liquid level 7; the gas-liquid separator 5 is required to be capable of separating gas from liquid, and the liquid in the gas is separated by at least 100%; the gas-liquid separator 5 can adopt centrifugal separation or other physical separation types, but needs to meet the separation effect; as a technical improvement, when the number of the required high-temperature gas-solid centrifugal separation elements 23 is large and the space in the circumferential direction is not uniformly distributed, the high-temperature gas-solid centrifugal separation elements 23 can be made into two layers which are uniformly distributed; as a technical improvement, the high-temperature synthesis gas outlet 14 can be arranged on the straight cylinder section 12, and the synthesis gas inlet 15 is arranged on the upper end enclosure 11.

The embodiment of the invention also provides a dust separation and recovery method, which comprises the following steps:

step 301: the dust-containing synthesis gas enters a synthesis gas inlet connecting piece 21 from a synthesis gas inlet 15, and is distributed to a plurality of high-temperature gas-solid centrifugal separation elements 23 at the tail end of the synthesis gas inlet connecting piece 21;

step 302: the high-temperature dusty synthesis gas is subjected to gas-solid separation in the high-temperature gas-solid centrifugal separation element 23, and clean synthesis gas goes out of the upper part of the high-temperature gas-solid centrifugal separation element 23, enters a separation upper cavity formed by the internal part supporting piece 22, the straight cylinder section 12 and the upper end enclosure 11 and enters the downstream from the high-temperature synthesis gas outlet 14 of the upper end enclosure 11;

step 303: the separated dust enters a separation lower cavity formed by the internal part supporting part, the straight cylinder section 12 and the inner cone end enclosure 3 from the lower part of the high-temperature gas-solid centrifugal separation element 23 and enters the cooling device 4 from the bottom of the inner cone end enclosure 3;

step 304: in the cooling device 4, the synthesis gas and the dust are cooled and moistened by cooling water which is sprayed out from a cooling water inlet through a cooler 41, and the synthesis gas and the dust enter a washing tank from the bottom of a gas-water descending pipe 42 of the cooling device 4;

step 305: in the washing tank, the dust in the synthesis gas is washed by water and enters downstream for retreatment through a black water outlet 18 and cooling water; the washed synthesis gas enters the gas-liquid separator 5 after coming out from the upper part of the washing tank, the water separated from the synthesis gas enters the washing tank again, and the synthesis gas enters the downstream from the low-temperature gas outlet 19.

In the method, the method further comprises the following steps: and introducing inert gas from the loose tuyere 16 to the lower part of the inner cone end enclosure 3 all the time, so as to prevent the separated dust from bridging on the inner cone end enclosure 3.

In the embodiment of the invention, the structure of the cooler 41 can be a chilling ring or a plurality of nozzles uniformly distributed, and the cooling water from the cooling water inlet 17 is sprayed into the upper end of the air-water descending pipe 42 through the cooler 41; the lower end part of the air-water descending pipe 42 is serrated; the lower end of the air-water descending pipe 42 is not less than 500mm lower than the lowest liquid level 7.

The operation of the high-temperature dust separating and recovering apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to fig. 1.

The synthesis gas containing dust from the upstream at 600-800 ℃ enters a synthesis gas inlet connecting piece 21 from a synthesis gas inlet 15, the tail end of the synthesis gas inlet connecting piece 21 is distributed to a plurality of high-temperature gas-solid centrifugal separation elements 23, the high-temperature synthesis gas containing dust is subjected to gas-solid separation in the high-temperature gas-solid centrifugal separation elements 23, the clean synthesis gas goes out from the upper part of the high-temperature gas-solid centrifugal separation elements 23, enters a separation upper cavity formed by an internal part supporting piece 22, a straight cylinder section 12 and an upper end enclosure 11 and enters the downstream from a high-temperature synthesis gas outlet 14 of the upper end enclosure 11.

The separated dust enters a separation lower cavity formed by the internal part supporting part, the straight cylinder section 12 and the inner conical head 3 from the lower part of the high-temperature gas-solid centrifugal separation element 23, enters the cooling device 4 from the bottom of the inner conical head 3, the synthetic gas and the dust in the cooling device 4 are cooled and moistened by cooling water sprayed out of a cooler 41 from a cooling water inlet, and the synthetic gas and the dust enter a washing tank from the bottom of a gas-water descending pipe 42 of the cooling device 4. In the scrubber, the dust in the syngas is washed out with water and passed through the black water outlet 18 with cooling water for downstream reprocessing. The washed synthesis gas enters the gas-liquid separator 5 after coming out from the upper part of the washing tank, the water separated from the synthesis gas enters the washing tank again, and the synthesis gas enters the downstream from the low-temperature gas outlet 19.

In the working process, inert gas is always introduced from the loose tuyere 16 to the lower part of the inner cone end enclosure 3, so that the separated dust is prevented from bridging on the inner cone end enclosure 3.

The dust separating and recycling device provided by the embodiment of the invention can separate and cool and recycle dust in high-temperature gas, and particularly has a good separating effect on dust with certain viscosity at high temperature, and meanwhile, the device utilizes cooling water to wash synthesis gas to absorb dust, and the temperature of the dust is also reduced from high temperature to 200 ℃, so that the dust can be conveniently treated in the subsequent working section. The high-temperature dust separating and recycling equipment provided by the embodiment of the invention can separate dust in the synthesis gas, so that the separated synthesis gas can not block the equipment when the subsequent equipment is used, and the requirement of safe and continuous operation of a coal chemical gasification device is met.

The dust separating and recycling device provided by the embodiment of the invention has the advantages of good dust separating effect, compact structure and the like, and is particularly suitable for separating and recycling high-temperature synthesis gas dust generated by an entrained flow bed full-waste boiler coal gasification process.

The dust separating and recycling device provided by the embodiment of the invention can select different size structures or assemblies according to different medium pressures and loads. The dust separation and recovery equipment can be applied to the coal gasification process of a dry coal powder entrained flow bed and a coal water slurry entrained flow bed.

It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes, which are made by using the contents of the present specification and the accompanying drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.