阅读说明：本技术 船载多功能取沙造岛挖掘器 (Shipborne multifunctional sand taking island-building excavator ) 是由 陈云桥 于 2019-12-09 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明是一种船载多功能取沙造岛挖掘器,包括船体(1),作为整个设备的载体；泥沙挖掘部分,包括挖掘锥头(2)、取沙刀盘(3)和泥沙通道伸缩套管(4),挖掘锥头(2)和取沙刀盘(3)的快速旋转,将河底泥沙进行切割和搅动,进入内部螺旋引流器(14)将挖掘的泥沙高速吸入,通过泥沙通道伸缩套管(4)向后输送；泥沙输送部分,包括泥沙通道软管(7)、泥沙加速引流器(8)和泥沙喷管(9),将向后输送的泥沙高速吸入加压后从泥沙喷射口(11)喷出。本发明可以一次连续完成挖泥、运泥、卸泥等工作过程,它是一种效率高、成本较低的挖掘器,是良好的水下挖掘机械设备,和同类产品相比它能够大幅度提高工程效益。(The invention relates to a shipborne multifunctional sand-taking island-making excavator, which comprises a ship body (1) serving as a carrier of the whole equipment; the silt excavating part comprises an excavating cone head (2), a silt taking cutter head (3) and a silt channel telescopic sleeve (4), the excavating cone head (2) and the silt taking cutter head (3) rotate rapidly to cut and stir silt at the river bottom, the silt enters an internal spiral flow diverter (14) to suck the excavated silt at a high speed, and the silt is conveyed backwards through the silt channel telescopic sleeve (4); the silt conveying part comprises a silt channel hose (7), a silt accelerating drainage device (8) and a silt spray pipe (9), and silt conveyed backwards is sucked and pressurized at a high speed and then sprayed out from a silt spray opening (11). The invention can continuously complete the working processes of dredging, transporting and discharging the mud, is an excavator with high efficiency and low cost, is good underwater excavating mechanical equipment, and can greatly improve the engineering benefit compared with similar products.)

1. A ship-borne multifunctional sand-taking island-making excavator is characterized in that the excavator (1) comprises:

a hull (1) which is used as a carrier of the whole equipment and performs specified dredging operation;

the silt excavating part comprises an excavating cone head (2), a silt taking cutter head (3) and a silt channel telescopic sleeve (4), and silt at the river bottom is cut and stirred by utilizing the rapid rotation of the top end excavating cone head (2) and the silt taking cutter head (3), and enters an internal spiral flow diverter (14) to suck the excavated silt material and silt at a high speed and is conveyed backwards through the silt channel telescopic sleeve (4);

silt conveying part, silt conveying part include silt passageway hose (7), silt drainage ware (8) and silt spray tube (9) with higher speed, inhale silt passageway hose (7) and through silt drainage ware (8) pressurization with higher speed through silt spray tube (9) with silt passageway telescopic tube (4) backward transport silt high-speed, from silt jet orifice (11) blowout.

2. The excavator of claim 1, wherein the silt excavating part comprises an excavating head, a power bin (15), a silt channel telescopic sleeve (4) and an adjustable bracket (6), wherein the excavating head comprises an excavating cone head (2), a sand taking cutter head (3), a silt inlet (18), a spiral flow diverter (14) and an excavating cone (17);

the excavating cone head (2) is a conical shell with an opening at the top end, a plurality of strip-shaped sand taking cutterheads (3) are arranged on the side wall of the conical shell and are longitudinally and symmetrically arranged, and each sand taking cutterhead (3) and the opening on the side wall of the conical shell form a sediment inlet (18) together;

the spiral flow diverter (14) is of a rotary cylindrical structure, the center of the spiral flow diverter is a driving shaft, spiral blades are fixed on the driving shaft, and the front end of the driving shaft extends out of the top opening of the excavating cone head (2) to form an excavating cone (17); during tunneling, the tunneling cone (17) is positioned at the foremost end of the tunneling cone head (2);

the power bin (15) comprises a cylinder, a driving motor (12) is arranged in the cylinder, and the driving motor (12) is arranged in a motor protective cover (13); a plurality of motor fixing supports (16) are symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the motor protective cover (6), and the motor fixing supports (16) tightly press the inner wall of the cylinder of the power bin (15) to provide support for the motor protective cover (6); a motor driving shaft extends out of a motor protective cover (16) and is connected with a spiral flow diverter (14) and a mounting shaft of the digging conical head (2);

the adjustable support (6) is arranged at the front end of the silt digging ship, and the digging direction and the digging depth of the silt digging part are adjusted.

3. The excavator of claim 2, wherein the silt passage telescopic pipe (4) is replaced by a telescopic pipe retracting and releasing device (5), the telescopic pipe retracting and releasing device (5) is essentially a strong electromagnet, and the strong magnet after being electrified can lift the silt passage telescopic pipe (4) to realize lengthening and replacing operations of the telescopic pipe.

4. A dredger according to claim 3, wherein the silt transporting portion comprises: silt passageway hose (7), silt are drainage ware (8), injection direction governing valve (10) and silt jet (11) with higher speed, silt passageway telescopic tube (4) is connected in silt passageway hose (7), sets up silt between silt passageway hose (7) and silt spray tube (9) and accelerates drainage ware (8), silt spray tube (9) are spout behind the silt that will excavate out through injection direction governing valve (10) and silt jet (11).

5. A dredger according to claim 4, wherein the silt accelerating flow diverter (8) pressurises silt using the spiral flow diverter (14) or a mud pump.

6. A dredger according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that the silt nozzle (9) is followed by a mud line and a mud pump for transporting the discharged silt to a further silt disposal site.

Technical Field

The invention relates to an earthwork construction machine, in particular to a shipborne multifunctional sand-taking island-making excavator which can be widely applied to dredging and filling projects in engineering projects such as ports, navigation channels, land making and the like.

Background

At present, in a hydraulic excavator used in dredging and filling engineering, a cutter suction excavator is a common excavator, and the basic working principle of the cutter suction excavator is that seabed mud (sand, stone and the like) is excavated and loosened by a rotary reamer, mud and water are mixed, and meanwhile, the mud obtained by excavation is sucked and lifted by vacuum generated by a centrifugal mud pump on a ship, and then the mud is discharged by a mud discharge pipeline and conveyed to a mud treatment site.

The cutter-suction type excavator is mainly used for construction of projects such as river channel excavation, channel dredging, ditch and pond depression filling, and the like, and the excavating, mud conveying and mud discharging are continuously completed by the excavator, so that the excavator is an earthwork construction machine with high work efficiency, plays an extremely important role in construction of engineering projects such as ports, channels, land building and the like, and is particularly widely applied to a plurality of dredging and filling projects due to the advantages of the cutter-suction type excavator.

The cutter suction excavator realizes excavation and soil breaking by utilizing the rotary motion of a reamer arranged at the front end of a reamer bridge. The rotating reamer continuously loosens the seabed mud (sand, stone and the like) and mixes the mud and the water. The mixed mud and water is sucked into a mud pump through a suction port under the action of atmospheric pressure, is pressurized and then is conveyed to a hydraulic filling area through a mud discharge pipe. The construction process comprises digging, sucking and slurry conveying. The digging capacity is related to the type and structure of the reamer, the power of the reamer, the rotating speed of the reamer, the transverse moving speed and the cutting thickness; the suction capacity is related to factors such as the size of the suction port, the resistance of the suction port, the performance of the dredge pump and the like. The conveying capacity is related to the rotating speed of the pump, the efficiency of the dredge pump, the performance of the dredge pump, the input power and the pipeline characteristics.

However, according to the structural characteristics of the existing cutter suction dredger, the dredging and suction of silt are separated, the existing cutter suction dredger is easily influenced by the flow velocity of water flow and tide, the flow velocity of water flow is too high, and the efficiency of the cutter suction dredger is greatly reduced.

Due to structural limitations, the length of the rotary reamer is limited, in tidal high tide. The depth of the digging groove may exceed the maximum digging depth of the digger, or the depth of the construction part is not enough to be draught in low tide, and the upper layer and the lower layer are dug by high tide and low tide according to the change of the tide level. Resulting in complicated process and reduced efficiency.

The cutter suction dredger is also influenced by the water flow direction, and the inland river construction generally adopts concurrent flow construction, so that the slurry concentration is not easy to control, and the load of a main machine is not stable.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the existing cutter-suction type excavator and designs a ship-borne multifunctional sand-taking island-making excavator which integrates the excavating process and the suction process of silt, has wide application range, high working efficiency, simple operation and easy control.

In order to realize the purpose of the invention, the following technical scheme is proposed:

a multifunctional sand-taking island-making dredger carried by a ship, wherein the dredger 1 comprises:

a hull 1, wherein the hull 1 is used as a carrier of the whole equipment and performs specified dredging operation;

the silt excavating part comprises an excavating cone head 2, a sand taking cutter head 3 and a silt channel telescopic sleeve 4, and by utilizing the rapid rotation of the top end excavating cone head 2 and the sand taking cutter head 3, silt at the river bottom is cut and stirred, and the silt enters an internal spiral flow diverter 14 to suck the excavated silt material at a high speed and is conveyed backwards through the silt channel telescopic sleeve 4;

silt conveying part, silt conveying part include silt passageway hose 7, silt drainage ware 8 and silt spray tube 9 with higher speed, inhale silt passageway hose 7 and the 8 pressurizations of silt drainage ware 9 with higher speed through silt with silt passageway telescopic tube 4 backward transport at a high speed, follow the blowout of silt jet orifice 11.

The silt excavating part comprises an excavating head, a power bin 15, a silt channel telescopic sleeve 4 and an adjustable bracket 6, wherein the excavating head comprises an excavating cone head 2, a silt taking cutter head 3, a silt inlet 18, a spiral flow diverter 14 and an excavating cone 17;

the excavating cone head 2 is a cone-shaped shell with an opening at the top end, a plurality of strip-shaped sand taking cutter heads 3 are arranged on the side wall of the cone-shaped shell and are longitudinally and symmetrically arranged, and each sand taking cutter head 3 and the opening on the side wall of the cone-shaped shell form a sediment inlet 18 together;

the spiral drainage device 14 is of a rotary cylindrical structure, the center of the spiral drainage device is a driving shaft, a spiral blade is fixed on the driving shaft, and the front end of the driving shaft extends out of the top opening of the excavating cone head 2 to form an excavating cone 17; during tunneling, the tunneling cone 17 is positioned at the foremost end of the tunneling cone head 2;

the power bin 15 comprises a cylinder, a driving motor 12 is arranged in the cylinder, and the driving motor 12 is arranged in a motor protective cover 13; a plurality of motor fixing supports 16 are symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the motor protective cover 6, and the motor fixing supports 16 tightly press the inner wall of the cylinder of the power bin 15 to provide support for the motor protective cover 6; the motor driving shaft extends out of the motor protective cover 16 to be connected with the spiral flow diverter 14 and the mounting shaft of the digging conical head 2;

the adjustable support 6 is arranged at the front end of the silt excavating ship, and the excavating direction and the excavating depth of the silt excavating part are adjusted.

The casing pipe distributor 5 is used in the change of silt passageway telescopic tube 4, and this casing pipe distributor 5 is a powerful electro-magnet in essence, and the strong magnetic force after the circular telegram can promote silt passageway telescopic tube 4, realizes telescopic tube's extension and change operation.

The silt conveying part comprises: silt passageway hose 7, silt are drainage ware 8, injection direction governing valve 10 and silt jet 11 with higher speed, silt passageway telescopic tube 4 is connected to silt passageway hose 7, sets up silt between silt passageway hose 7 and the silt spray tube 9 and accelerates drainage ware 8, silt spray tube 9 is spout behind the silt that will excavate out through injection direction governing valve 10 and silt jet 11.

5. A dredger according to claim 4, wherein the silt accelerating flow diverter 8 is adapted to pressurise silt using the spiral flow diverter 14 or a mud pump.

And the back of the sediment spray pipe 9 is connected with a sediment discharge pipeline and a mud pump, and the discharged sediment is conveyed to a farther sediment treatment site.

The invention has the advantages that:

(1) the shipborne multifunctional sand taking and island constructing excavator has wide application, can be operated in rivers, lakes and seas, is used for dredging, channel excavation and reclamation, can excavate rock strata such as basalt, limestone and the like without blasting, and can be used for various underwater excavation projects;

(2) the excavating process and the suction process of the excavator are integrated, the excavator has wide application range, does not receive the influence of water flow and tide, has high working efficiency and large yield, and the yield per hour can reach thousands of cubic meters; pumping out silt or crushed rock materials by a pump for a few kilometers;

(3) the excavator is simple in structure, low in failure rate, convenient to operate and easy to control. The excavator can work under a certain control swing angle.

(4) The excavator has the advantages of good economy, low energy consumption and high efficiency, and can finish the excavation and the conveying of materials at one time without the cooperation of other ships and transport for many times. The relative engineering cost is lower.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic overall structure diagram of a multifunctional sand-taking and island-making excavator on a ship;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the excavation and transport apparatus;

fig. 3 and 4 show perspective views of the digging part.

Wherein:

1 digger, 2 digging cone head, 3 sand taking cutter head, 4 silt channel telescopic sleeve, 5 sleeve retracting device, 6 adjustable bracket, 7 silt channel hose, 8 silt accelerating flow diverter, 9 silt spray pipe, 10 spraying direction regulating valve, 11 silt jet orifice, 12 driving motor, 13 motor protection, 14 spiral flow diverter, 15 power bin, 16 fixed support, 17 digging cone, 18 silt inlet

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

FIG. 1 is a schematic overall structure diagram of a multifunctional sand-taking and island-making excavator on a ship; fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the excavating and conveying equipment, and as shown in the figure, the ship-borne multifunctional sand-taking island-making excavator comprises: the dredging machine comprises a ship body 1, a sediment excavating part and a sediment conveying part, wherein the ship body 1 is used as a carrier of the whole equipment, the conventional technology is adopted in the dredging operation process to carry out position entering, pile placing in place and anchor dropping sequence, and the specified dredging operation is carried out by reciprocating and circulating a plurality of procedures of transverse dredging, side line reversing, pile reversing, anchor moving and the like in cooperation with the excavating part.

The silt excavating part comprises an excavating cone head 2, a silt taking cutter head 3 and a silt channel telescopic sleeve 4, the top end excavating cone head 2 and the silt taking cutter head 3 rotate rapidly to cut and stir silt at the river bottom, the silt enters an internal spiral flow diverter 14 to excavate silt materials, the silt is sucked at a high speed, and the silt materials are conveyed backwards through the silt channel telescopic sleeve 4.

The silt conveying part comprises a silt channel hose 7, a silt accelerating drainage device 8 and a silt spray pipe 9, silt conveyed backwards by the silt channel telescopic sleeve 4 is sucked into the silt channel hose 7 at a high speed, and is pressurized by the silt accelerating drainage device 8 through the silt spray pipe 9 and sprayed out from a silt spray opening 11.

Fig. 3 and 4 show perspective views of the digging part. As shown in the figure, the structure characteristics of the silt excavating part of the invention are shown, the silt excavating part is erected at the front end of the whole silt excavating ship by using an adjustable bracket 6, and the silt excavating part comprises three parts: the tunneling head comprises a tunneling head, a power bin 5 and a silt channel telescopic sleeve 4, wherein the tunneling head comprises a tunneling cone head 2, a silt taking cutter head 3, a silt inlet 18, a spiral flow diverter 14 and a tunneling cone 17.

The excavating cone head 2 is a conical shell with an opening at the top end, a plurality of strip-shaped sand-taking cutterheads 3 are arranged on the side wall of the conical shell and are longitudinally and symmetrically arranged, and each sand-taking cutterhead 3 and the opening on the side wall of the conical shell form a sediment inlet 18 together;

the spiral flow diverter 14 is a rotary cylindrical structure, the center of the spiral flow diverter is a driving shaft, a spiral blade is fixed on the driving shaft, and the front end of the driving shaft extends out of the top opening of the excavating cone head 2 to form an excavating cone 17; during the excavation, the excavation cone 17 is located at the foremost end of the excavation cone head 2.

The power bin 15 comprises a cylinder, a driving motor 12 is arranged in the cylinder, and the driving motor 12 is arranged in a motor protective cover 13; a plurality of motor fixing supports 16 are symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the motor protective cover 6, and the motor fixing supports 16 tightly press the inner wall of the cylinder of the power bin 15 to provide support for the motor protective cover 6; the motor driving shaft extends out of the motor protective cover 16 and is connected with the spiral flow diverter 14 and the mounting shaft of the digging cone head 2.

The casing pipe deploying and retracting device 5 is used for replacing the silt passage telescopic pipe 4, the casing pipe deploying and retracting device 5 is a strong electromagnet, the silt passage telescopic pipe 4 can be lifted by strong magnetic force after the electrification, and the lengthening and replacing operation of the telescopic pipe are realized.

The silt conveying part comprises: silt passageway hose 7, silt are drainage device 8, injection direction control valve 10 and silt jet orifice 11 with higher speed, and silt passageway telescopic tube 4 is connected to silt passageway hose 7, sets up silt between silt passageway hose 7 and the silt spray tube 9 and accelerates drainage device 8, and silt spray tube 9 is spout to the rear through the silt that injection direction control valve 10 and silt jet orifice 11 will excavate out.

The silt accelerating flow diverter 8 can adopt the spiral flow diverter 14 of the invention or the existing mud pump to pressurize silt.

According to the requirements of engineering, a mud discharge pipeline and a mud pump can be connected behind the silt spray pipe 9, and discharged silt is conveyed to a farther silt treatment site.

The shipborne multifunctional sand taking and island constructing excavator utilizes the top end excavating cone head to rotate quickly, silt at the river bottom is cut and stirred, then the silt is sucked at a high speed through the internal strong suction type drainage device, and the silt is sprayed out from the nozzle through pressurization. For engineering requirements, the invention can also be matched with the effective extension length of a buoy pipeline, silt is conveyed to a silt material landfill or accumulation field by a powerful mud pump, the working processes of dredging, transporting, discharging and the like can be continuously finished at one time, and the dredger is a dredger with high efficiency and low cost and is good underwater dredging machinery.

The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, aspects and advantages of the present invention, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.