阅读说明：本技术 用于滚动轴承的滚动体和滚动轴承 (Rolling element for a rolling bearing and rolling bearing ) 是由 关冉 陈向科 于 2018-07-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种用于滚动轴承的滚动体和滚动轴承,该滚动体具有圆柱形或圆锥形的形状,在滚动体的圆柱形的端面上设有容纳孔,将应变测量装置安置在该容纳孔内,以用来测量滚动体的内应力。根据本发明的应变测量装置包括：应变传感器、夹紧装置、能量收集装置以及信号接收发射模块。应变传感器用于测量滚动体的应力,夹紧装置用来将应变传感器固定在容纳孔,能量收集模块用来为应变测量装置提供能量,信号接收发射模块与应变传感器信号连接,将应变传感器的测量结果传送给计算单元,从而根据滚动体的应力来推导出轴承游隙,进而据此判断轴承工作状态,并控制轴承游隙调整单元进行实时调节,使得轴承工作在最佳状态,以此延长轴承使用寿命。(The invention discloses a rolling body for a rolling bearing and the rolling bearing, wherein the rolling body has a cylindrical or conical shape, a containing hole is arranged on the cylindrical end surface of the rolling body, and a strain measuring device is arranged in the containing hole to measure the internal stress of the rolling body. The strain measuring device according to the present invention includes: the device comprises a strain sensor, a clamping device, an energy collecting device and a signal receiving and transmitting module. The strain sensor is used for measuring the stress of the rolling body, the clamping device is used for fixing the strain sensor in the accommodating hole, the energy collecting module is used for providing energy for the strain measuring device, the signal receiving and transmitting module is in signal connection with the strain sensor and transmits the measuring result of the strain sensor to the calculating unit, so that the bearing clearance is deduced according to the stress of the rolling body, the working state of the bearing is judged accordingly, the bearing clearance adjusting unit is controlled to adjust in real time, the bearing works in the optimal state, and the service life of the bearing is prolonged.)

1. A rolling body (1) for a rolling bearing, the rolling body having a cylindrical or conical shape,

the rolling element is characterized in that a containing hole is formed in the end face of the rolling element (1), and a strain measuring device is arranged in the containing hole, wherein the strain measuring device comprises:

a strain sensor (4) for measuring the stress of the rolling body (1);

clamping means for fixing the strain sensor (4) in the receiving hole;

an energy harvesting module (2) for providing energy to the strain measuring device;

and the signal receiving and transmitting module (7) is in signal connection with the strain sensor (4).

2. The rolling element (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the receiving bore is provided coaxially with the rolling element (1).

3. The rolling element (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotational axis of the receiving bore is spaced apart from the rotational axis of the rolling element (1).

4. The rolling element (1) according to claim 1, wherein the receiving bore is internally threaded, and the clamping device is pretensioned in the receiving bore by means of a fastening element (6) having an external thread.

5. Rolling element (1) according to claim 4, characterised in that the signal receiving and transmitting module (7) has an external thread matching the receiving bore and encloses the energy harvesting module (2) and the clamping device in the receiving bore.

6. The rolling element (1) according to claim 1, wherein the clamping device is formed by a clamping device outer ring (3) and a clamping device inner ring (5), wherein the clamping device outer ring (3) has a cylindrical outer surface and a conical inner surface, and the clamping device inner ring (5) has a conical outer surface and a cylindrical inner surface, wherein the clamping device outer ring (3) is in interference fit with the inner surface of the receiving bore and the clamping device outer ring (3) and the clamping device inner ring (5).

7. A rolling body (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that the strain sensor (4) is a coating sensor and is coated mounted on the cylindrical outer surface of the clamping device outer ring (3).

8. Rolling body (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that the strain sensor (4) is a strain gauge sensor and is placed with a form fit on the cylindrical inner surface of the clamping means inner ring (5).

9. A rolling body (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that the cone angle of the inner surface of the clamping means outer ring (3) and the outer surface of the clamping means inner ring (5) is the same.

10. A rolling body (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that the clamping means outer ring (3) has a clearance gap in the circumferential direction.

11. A rolling element (1) according to claim 10, characterized in that the minimum diameter of the clamping means outer ring (3) is smaller than the diameter of the receiving bore and the maximum diameter of the clamping means outer ring (3) is larger than the diameter of the receiving bore.

12. The rolling body (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that said signal receiving and transmitting module (7) has an external thread and encloses said energy harvesting module (2) and said strain measuring device within said housing hole.

13. A rolling body (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the energy harvesting module 2 comprises a pendulum (21), a bearing (22) fixedly connected with the pendulum (21), a mechanical converter (23), a gear (24), a spring means and a generator (25), wherein the outer race of the bearing (22) rotates with the pendulum (21), the mechanical converter (23) converts the bidirectional rotational movement of the outer race into a rotational movement of the gear (24) in one direction, the mechanical converter (23) is connected to the spring means, and the spring means is connected with the generator (25).

14. Rolling bearing, characterized in that it has a rolling body (1) according to any one of the preceding claims.

15. Rolling bearing according to claim 14, characterized in that it also has a bearing play adjustment unit (11).

Technical Field

The invention relates to a rolling element for a rolling bearing, having a cylindrical or conical shape, wherein a strain measuring device is arranged in an end face of the rolling element, with which a change in the stress of the rolling element can be measured. The invention also relates to a rolling bearing having such a rolling body.

Background

It is known from the prior art to provide rolling bearings with sensors for measuring influencing factors acting on the rolling bearing, such as the rotational speed or the temperature. CN 1853207 a discloses a bearing device with wireless sensors, which are disposed beside the rolling elements and used for measuring the temperature, vibration, and rotation speed of the rolling elements.

The bearing play is a very important parameter when the rolling bearing is in operation. The bearing play refers to a movement amount when the bearing is not mounted on the shaft or the housing, either the inner ring or the outer ring is fixed, and then the non-fixed one is moved in the radial direction or the axial direction. When the bearing operates, the play has very important influence on the comprehensive performance of the rolling bearing. The amount of play determines the load distribution and maximum contact stress of the bearing at a given set of installation and operating conditions, and determines the fatigue life of the bearing.

With the prior art sensor devices installed in bearings, the bearing play cannot be measured directly during operation of the bearing, but can be deduced from the distribution of the stresses of the bearing rolling elements. Separate sensors may be provided in the rolling bearing to measure bearing stress, but such a design not only requires a large space, but is also costly. Therefore, a sensor device which can monitor the stress of the rolling elements in real time during the operation of the bearing and has a simple structure and saves space is needed.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing an improved rolling bearing, which can measure the stress change of a rolling body in real time during working so as to deduce the bearing clearance of the rolling bearing.

The object is achieved by a rolling element for a rolling bearing, which rolling element has a cylindrical or conical shape. According to one embodiment of the invention, a receiving bore is provided on the cylindrical end face of the rolling body, in which receiving bore a strain measuring device is arranged for measuring the internal stress of the rolling body. The strain measuring device according to the present invention includes: the device comprises a strain sensor, a clamping device, an energy collecting device and a signal receiving and transmitting module. The strain sensor is used for measuring the stress of the rolling body, the clamping device is used for fixing the strain sensor in the accommodating hole, the energy collecting module is used for providing energy for the strain measuring device, the signal receiving and transmitting module is in signal connection with the strain sensor and transmits the measuring result of the strain sensor to the calculating unit, so that the bearing clearance is deduced according to the stress of the rolling body, the working state of the bearing is judged accordingly, the bearing clearance adjusting unit is controlled to adjust in real time, the bearing works in the optimal state, and the service life of the bearing is prolonged. The strain measurement device is arranged in the rolling body, so that the space required by independently arranging the sensors is saved, the integral structure is simplified, and the cost is reduced.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the axis of rotation of the receiving bore coincides with the axis of rotation of the rolling elements. It is also conceivable for the axis of rotation of the receiving bore to be spaced apart from the axis of rotation of the rolling body, i.e. for the receiving bore to be arranged eccentrically, so that the strain measuring device arranged in the receiving bore is also arranged eccentrically to the rolling body. With this configuration, the rotation of the rolling element can be measured by the sensor disposed in the receiving hole, and the functionality of the rolling element is expanded.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the receiving bore of the rolling body is internally threaded, and the clamping device is pretensioned in the receiving bore by means of a fastening element having an external thread. The fastening element is, for example, a fastening screw with an external thread matching the internal thread of the receiving bore, by adjusting the position of which the pretensioning force exerted on the clamping device can be adjusted. Advantageously, the signal receiving and transmitting module has an external thread adapted to the receiving opening, and the signal receiving and transmitting module encloses the energy harvesting die and the clamping device in the receiving opening.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the clamping device is formed by a clamping device outer ring and a clamping device inner ring, wherein the clamping device outer ring has a cylindrical outer surface and a conical inner surface, and the clamping device inner ring has a conical outer surface and a cylindrical inner surface, wherein the clamping device outer ring is in an interference fit with the inner surface of the receiving bore and the clamping device outer ring and the clamping device inner ring. According to a preferred embodiment, the inner surface of the outer ring of the clamping device and the outer surface of the inner ring of the clamping device have the same taper angle. The clamping device outer ring and the clamping device inner ring thus form, for example, a wedge fit, which increases the pretensioning force between the clamping device outer ring and the receiving bore inner surface when the fastening element is pushed against the clamping device and is moved further toward the clamping device. Advantageously, the outer ring of the clamping device has a clearance gap in the circumferential direction. When the inner ring of the clamping device moves axially under the axial force of the fastener, the outer diameter of the outer ring of the clamping device increases. The minimum diameter of the outer ring of the clamping device is smaller than the diameter of the accommodating hole, so that the outer ring of the clamping device can be installed into the accommodating hole; the maximum diameter of the outer ring of the clamping device should be larger than the diameter of the accommodating hole, so that the clamping device and the accommodating hole form an interference fit. This interference fit ensures that even small deformations of the rolling bodies are transmitted into the strain gauge fixed by the clamping device.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the strain sensor is mounted on an outer surface of the outer ring of the clamping device or on an inner surface of the inner ring of the clamping device. If the strain sensor is a coating sensor, it is preferably coated on the cylindrical outer surface of the outer ring of the clamping device. If the strain gauge sensor is a strain gauge sensor, it is preferably arranged in a form-fitting manner on the cylindrical inner surface of the inner ring of the clamping device.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the signal receiving and transmitting module has an external thread and the energy harvesting module and the strain measuring device are enclosed in the receiving hole, so that the signal receiving and transmitting module can also have the function of protecting the energy harvesting module and the strain sensor which are arranged inside the receiving hole in addition to the function of receiving and transmitting signals.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the energy harvesting module comprises a pendulum, a bearing fixedly connected to the pendulum, a mechanical converter, a gear, a spring means and a generator, wherein the outer race of the bearing rotates with the pendulum, the mechanical converter converts a bidirectional rotational movement of the outer race into a rotational movement of the gear in one direction, the mechanical converter is connected to the spring means, and the spring means is connected to the generator. Therefore, the rotational kinetic energy of the rolling body can be converted into electric energy through the energy collecting module, the required electric energy is provided for the strain measuring device, external functional parts are saved, and the cost is reduced.

The object is also achieved by a rolling bearing, wherein the rolling bearing has a rolling body having any of the above-mentioned features.

Drawings

Preferred embodiments of the present invention are explained in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The attached drawings are as follows:

figure 1 shows a sectional view of a rolling bearing according to the invention,

figure 2 shows a front view of the rolling bodies of the rolling bearing according to the invention and a partial method drawing,

fig. 3 shows a perspective view of an energy harvesting module of a strain gauge device according to the invention.

Identical or functionally similar elements are provided with the same reference signs.

Detailed Description

Fig. 1 shows a schematic view of a rolling bearing according to the invention, in particular a double-row tapered roller bearing. The rolling bearing comprises an outer ring 8, an inner ring 9 and a rolling body 1, wherein the rolling body 1 is arranged between the outer ring 8 and the inner ring 9. The inner ring is fixed, so that a bearing play exists between the rolling elements 1 and the outer ring 8. In order to be able to measure the bearing play during bearing operation, strain measuring devices 12 are arranged in both end faces of the rolling elements 1, which devices are used to measure the stress distribution in the rolling elements 1, from which stress distribution the magnitude of the bearing play is determined. The specific structure of the strain gauge 12 will be explained in detail below (fig. 2). The rolling bearing also has an adjustment unit 11 and a calculation unit. After the strain measuring device 12 measures the stress, the data is transmitted to the calculating unit, the size of the bearing clearance is calculated in the calculating unit in real time, and then the calculating unit outputs a command to the adjusting unit 11 to adjust the bearing clearance of the rolling bearing in real time.

Fig. 2 shows a schematic and a detail view of the rolling element 1 with the strain measuring device 12. As shown in the left drawing of fig. 2, the strain gauge 12 comprises an energy harvesting module 2, a clamp outer ring 3, a strain sensor 4, a clamp inner ring 5, a fixing bolt 6 and a signal processing and transmission module 7.

The rolling bodies 1 are provided with receiving holes at both ends for accommodating the strain sensors 4, the energy harvesting module 2 and the signal processing and transmission module 7. In the present exemplary embodiment, the strain gauge 12 is arranged on the axis of rotation of the rolling element 1, but it is of course also conceivable to arrange the strain gauge 12 eccentrically, so that the strain gauge 12 can also have the function of measuring the rotational speed of the rolling element 1. In the receiving hole a thread is made to cooperate with the fixing bolt 6. The fixing bolt 6 is used for fixing the clamping device outer ring 3 and the inner surface of the accommodating hole, and the clamping device inner ring 5 and the clamping device outer ring 3 are in interference fit, so that the interference fit can ensure that small deformation of the rolling body 1 can be transmitted to the clamping device. In addition, the pretension force of the clamping device can be controlled by controlling the pretension force of the fixing bolt 6. As shown in the enlarged view of the part a of fig. 2, the energy harvesting module 2 is fixedly connected with the signal processing and transmission module 7 to provide power to the strain sensor 4 and the signal processing and transmission module 7. The signal processing and transmission module 7 is also fixedly connected to the roller 1 by means of a screw thread.

As shown in fig. 3, the principle of action of the energy harvesting module 2 is based on a pendulum 21. The pendulum 21 is fixed to a bearing 22, and an outer race of the bearing 22 rotates with the pendulum 21. The mechanical converter 23 converts the bidirectional rotary motion into a rotary motion of the gear 24 in one direction. The mechanical converter 23 is connected to a spring locking device, which automatically releases when the torque reaches the starting torque of the micro-generator 25. The gear 24 may then drive the micro-generator 25 rotor. The energy harvesting module 2 can generate electricity.

As shown in the right drawing of fig. 2, which is an enlarged view of a part B, the clamp outer race 3 has a cylindrical outer surface and a conical inner surface, and has a clearance gap in the circumferential direction of the clamp outer race 3. The clearance gap allows the diameter of the outer ring 3 of the clamping device to be varied. The outer ring 3 of the clamping device may be manufactured by a sheet metal bending process or a machining forming process. The preferred method of manufacture is a sheet metal bending process. The clamping means inner ring 5 has a conical outer surface and a cylindrical inner surface. The inner ring 5 of the clamping device can also be manufactured by a sheet metal bending process or a machining forming process. The preferred method of manufacture is still a sheet metal bending process. The taper angles of the inner surface of the clamp outer race 3 and the outer surface of the clamp inner race 5 are the same. When the clamp inner ring 5 is moved in the axial direction by an axial force, the outer diameter of the clamp outer ring 3 increases. The minimum diameter of the clamping device outer ring 3 should be smaller than the diameter of the receiving bore, so that the clamping device outer ring 3 can be inserted into the receiving bore; the maximum diameter of the outer ring 3 of the clamping device should then be larger than the diameter of the receiving bore, so that an interference fit is formed with the receiving bore. Thus, the outer and inner races 3, 5 of the clamp may cooperate to provide a preload to the strain sensor 4.

The strain sensor 4 can be applied to the outer surface of the clamping device outer ring 3 or connected to the outer surface of the clamping device outer ring 3 in a form-fitting manner, or to the inner surface of the clamping sleeve inner ring 5 or connected to the inner surface of the clamping device inner ring 5 in a form-fitting manner. Preferably, if the strain sensor 4 is not a coating sensor, the strain sensor 4 is connected to the inner surface of the inner ring 5 of the clamping device in a form-fitting manner; if the strain sensor 4 is a coated sensor, the strain sensor 4 is coated on the outer surface of the outer ring 3 of the clamping device. In this embodiment, the strain sensor 4 is a strain gauge and is snapped onto the inner surface of the inner ring 5 of the clamping device. Advantageously, the strain sensor 4 is applied to the outer surface of the outer clamping device ring 3 or to the inner surface of the inner clamping device ring 5 over a range of 360 °. This ensures that the strain sensor 4 only detects the supporting force and is insensitive to the angle of the strain sensor 4 in the rolling body 1.

The signal processing and transmission module 7 is used for storing the electric energy generated by the energy collection module 2 and providing stable power output for the strain sensor 4, the signal amplifier and the signal sending module. The signal processing and transmission module 7 has an external thread which can be matched to the internal thread of the receiving bore, so that the signal processing and transmission module 7 can close the energy collection module 2 and the strain measuring device 12 in the receiving bore.

Although possible embodiments have been described by way of example in the above description, it should be understood that numerous embodiment variations exist, still by way of combination of all technical features and embodiments that are known and that are obvious to a person skilled in the art. It should also be appreciated that the exemplary embodiment or exemplary embodiments are only examples, and are not intended to limit the scope, applicability, or configuration of the invention in any way. From the foregoing description, one of ordinary skill in the art will more particularly provide a technical guide to convert at least one exemplary embodiment, wherein various changes may be made, particularly in matters of function and structure of the components described, without departing from the scope of the following claims.

List of reference numerals

1 rolling element

2 energy harvesting module

3 outer ring of clamping device

4 strain sensor

5 inner ring of clamping device

6 fixing bolt

7 signal processing and transmission module

8 bearing outer ring

9 bearing inner race

11 adjustment unit

12 strain measuring device

21 pendulum bob

22 bearing

23 mechanical converter

24 gear

25 micro generator