阅读说明：本技术 一种聚变装置中对杂质注入量实时监测的方法 (Method for monitoring impurity injection amount in fusion device in real time ) 是由 钱玉忠 孙震 黄明 徐伟 孟献才 李成龙 韦俊 庄会东 左桂忠 胡建生 于 2019-11-19 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种聚变装置中对杂质注入量实时监测的方法,包括：在杂质注入管道两侧安装两个正对的玻璃观测窗,将激光发射器产生的激光传导至光纤,光纤另一端与装有凸透镜的金属管相连,激光穿过凸透镜后折射成一束平行光线,平行光线经平面反射镜反射后透射穿过两个玻璃观测窗,再由平面反射镜反射到另一个凸透镜上,平行光线经过凸透镜会聚后进入光纤,再由光纤引入到激光接收器,激光接收器将光信号转换为电信号,对电信号进行实时采集。在聚变装置中,将激光发射器及接收器按照上述结构加装在杂质注入路径两侧,在等离子体放电过程中,由于杂质在注入过程中会对激光形成遮挡,通过对遮挡后激光强度进行监测分析,便实现了对杂质注入量的实时监测。本发明光路简单,为聚变实验中杂质注入研究提供了可靠地数据支撑。(The invention discloses a method for monitoring impurity injection amount in a fusion device in real time, which comprises the following steps: two right glass observation windows are installed on two sides of an impurity injection pipeline, laser generated by a laser transmitter is conducted to an optical fiber, the other end of the optical fiber is connected with a metal pipe provided with a convex lens, the laser penetrates through the convex lens and is refracted into a beam of parallel light, the parallel light penetrates through the two glass observation windows after being reflected by a plane mirror and is reflected to the other convex lens by the plane mirror, the parallel light enters the optical fiber after being converged by the convex lens and is introduced into a laser receiver by the optical fiber, the laser receiver converts an optical signal into an electric signal, and the electric signal is collected in real time. In the fusion device, install laser emitter and receiver according to above-mentioned structure additional in impurity injection route both sides, at the plasma discharge in-process, because impurity can shelter from laser formation at the injection in-process, through monitoring analysis to sheltering from back laser intensity, just realized the real-time supervision to impurity injection volume. The invention has simple light path and provides reliable data support for impurity injection research in fusion experiments.)

1. A method for monitoring impurity injection quantity in a fusion device in real time is characterized in that:

the method comprises the following steps:

two opposite glass observation windows, namely a first glass observation window and a second glass observation window, are arranged on two sides of the impurity injection pipeline;

the laser that produces laser emitter conducts to first optic fibre, and the first optic fibre other end links to each other with the first metal pipe that is equipped with first convex lens, and laser refracts into a bunch of parallel light after passing first convex lens, and parallel light passes through transmission after the reflection of first plane mirror two just right glass observation windows, and on the second convex lens is reflected by the second plane mirror again, parallel light gets into the second optic fibre after the second convex lens convergence, introduces laser receiver by the second optic fibre again, and laser receiver converts light signal into the signal of telecommunication, gathers the signal of telecommunication, utilizes the signal of telecommunication of gathering to calculate impurity amount.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises:

the laser is an optical fiber coupling LED, and the wavelength is 530 nm; the laser receiver is a silicon-based photoelectric detector with adjustable gain, and the detection wavelength range is 450-700 nm.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises:

the two optical fibers are 0.6mm and 0.2mm in diameter.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises:

the diameter of the convex lens is 25mm, and the focal length of the convex lens is 50 mm.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises:

the metal tube is of an internal thread structure, and the rotation is changed into translation, so that the purpose of adjusting the object distance is achieved.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises:

further comprising:

and turning on the laser, and adjusting the length of the first metal cylinder to enable the light outlet end of the first optical fiber to be at the focal position of the first convex lens, so as to confirm that the light beam passing through the first convex lens is approximately parallel light.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises:

further comprising:

the parallel light beams reflected by the first plane reflector enter a second plane reflector of a receiving end to be reflected and then enter a second metal cylinder by adjusting the first plane reflector, the second metal cylinder is adjusted, so that the light incoming end of the second optical fiber is received at the focal length position of a second convex lens, the light outgoing end of the second optical fiber is connected with a laser receiver, and the laser receiver converts the received laser into a laser electric signal lambda.

8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises:

further comprising:

starting an impurity injection system, capturing a laser electric signal lambda during impurity injection by using an oscilloscope, enabling a difference delta lambda to exist between the received laser electric signal and the laser electric signal during impurity-free injection due to the shielding of impurity powder on laser, and establishing a corresponding relation between an impurity injection flow gamma and a reduced relative value η of the laser electric signal by using the difference, wherein η is delta lambda/lambda multiplied by 100%.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of fusion, in particular to a method for monitoring the injection amount of solid impurity powder in a fusion device in real time.

Background

In recent years, significant experimental results have been achieved by using low-Z impurity implantation to control plasma divertor region emissions, suppress boundary local modes (ELMs), and improve plasma boundary recycling. In these results, the impurity implantation amount has obvious influence on many parameters of the plasma, such as the boundary plasma energy storage, the boundary temperature, etc. On the basis, researchers pay more and more attention to accurately and quantitatively research the relation between the impurity injection amount and the plasma parameters. Therefore, it is required to precisely meter the impurity implantation amount under the actual discharge condition. However, conventionally, the implantation amount of the impurity is based on the calibration data of the table experiment, and the implantation amount of the impurity in the plasma discharge environment cannot be monitored in real time. In a specific discharge environment, due to a complex electromagnetic environment, mechanical vibration of an injection system during discharge and the like, the actual injection amount of impurities during discharge is greatly different from a table top calibration value, and subsequent experimental results are greatly influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to monitor the amount of impurity injection in a fusion experiment in real time so as to meet the requirements of accurate and real-time measurement of the impurity injection amount in an actual fusion experiment. In order to solve the problems, the invention designs a set of laser light path on the impurity injection system, the light path is vertical to the impurity injection direction, when the impurity injection is carried out, the impurity passes through the laser light path to shield the laser, so that the light intensity is weakened, and the linear relation between the weakened percentage of the laser signal and the impurity injection amount is calibrated, so that the impurity injection amount can be calculated according to the change of the laser signal intensity. Under the actual discharge environment condition, the laser light path is set to be in a standby state, and the impurity injection amount can be monitored in real time when impurity injection is carried out. In the fusion device, install laser emitter and receiver according to above-mentioned laser light path structure additional in impurity injection route both sides, at the plasma discharge in-process, because impurity can shelter from laser formation at the injection in-process, through monitoring analysis to sheltering from back laser intensity to the realization is to the real-time supervision of impurity injection volume.

The method does not generate any interference to the impurity injection process, is simple and reliable to operate, realizes real-time monitoring of the impurity injection amount under the actual discharge condition, and can provide reliable data support for the research of impurity injection in fusion.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a method for monitoring impurity injection quantity in a fusion device in real time is characterized in that two opposite glass observation windows, namely a first glass observation window and a second glass observation window, are arranged on two sides of an impurity injection pipeline;

the laser that produces laser emitter conducts to first optic fibre, and the first optic fibre other end links to each other with the first metal pipe that is equipped with first convex lens, and laser refracts into a bunch of parallel light after passing first convex lens, and parallel light passes through transmission after the reflection of first plane mirror two just right glass observation windows, and on the second convex lens is reflected by the second plane mirror again, parallel light gets into the second optic fibre after the second convex lens convergence, introduces laser receiver by the second optic fibre again, and laser receiver converts light signal into the signal of telecommunication, gathers the signal of telecommunication, utilizes the signal of telecommunication of gathering to calculate impurity amount.

The two glass observation windows are sealed by a circular knife edge, and the diameter of the two glass observation windows is phi 35 mm.

The laser generator is a light coupling LED of THORLABS company, the model is M530F2, and the wavelength is 530 nm.

The diameter of the first optical Fiber is phi 600 mu m,0.50NA, Low OH, SMA to SMA Fiber PatchCables.

The diameter of the second optical Fiber is phi 200 mu m,0.22NA, Low OH, SMA to SMA Fiber PatchCables.

The laser receiver is a silicon-based photoelectric detector of THORLABS company, the model is PDA36A, and the gain can be adjusted.

The two convex lenses have a focal length of 50mm and a diameter of 25 mm.

The two plane mirrors are THORLABS BB3-E02 phi 3, and the broadband film is 400-750 nm.

The invention has the advantages that:

the method utilizes the shielding of impurities on laser to generate the change of laser light intensity, thereby reversely deducing the impurity injection amount and finally realizing the real-time monitoring of the impurity injection amount. Meanwhile, the method does not generate any additional interference on impurity injection, is simple to realize, has few operation steps, can meet the requirement of a fusion device on accurate measurement of the impurity injection amount, and provides reliable data support for impurity injection in a future fusion reactor.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a laser light path;

FIG. 2 is a graph showing the variation of laser electric signal during impurity implantation;

FIG. 3 is a calibration of the relative value of boron powder (100 mesh) impurity flux and laser electric signal variation.

Wherein the reference numerals are as follows: 1-a contaminant conduit; 2-a first glass observation window; 3-a second glass observation window; 4-a first planar mirror; 5-a second planar mirror; 6-a first convex lens; 7-a second convex lens; 8-a first metal cylinder; 9-a second metal cylinder; 10-a first optical fiber; 11-a second optical fiber; 12-a laser emitter; 13-a laser receiver; 14-oscilloscope.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, the method for monitoring the impurity injection amount in the fusion device in real time comprises the following steps:

1) a first glass observation window 2 and a second glass observation window 3 are arranged on two sides of the impurity guide pipe 1, the two windows are the same in height, and the diameters of the two windows are phi 35 mm.

2) A first plane reflector 4 and a second plane reflector 5 are respectively arranged on a first glass observation window 2 and a second glass observation window, the first plane reflector and the first glass observation window form an angle of 45 degrees, and the second plane reflector and the second glass observation window also form an angle of 45 degrees.

3) A first metal cylinder 8 and a second metal cylinder 9 which are adjustable in length and internally provided with convex lenses are respectively fixed under a first plane reflector 4 and a second plane reflector 5, the first metal cylinder and the second metal cylinder are respectively vertical to the first plane reflector base and the second plane reflector base, and the metal cylinders are used for adjusting the length to achieve the effect of adjusting the object distance.

4) The first metal cylinder 8 is connected below to a laser transmitter 12 by a first optical fiber 10 having a diameter of 0.6mm and connected below to a laser receiver 13 by a second optical fiber 11 having a diameter of 0.2 mm.

5) The electrical signal output end of the laser receiver 13 is connected with an oscilloscope 14 by a BNC jumper.

6) The laser emitter 12 is turned on, and the length of the first metal cylinder 8 is adjusted so that the light emitting end of the first optical fiber 10 is at the focal position of the first convex lens 6, and the light beam passing through the first convex lens 6 is confirmed to be approximately parallel light.

7) And adjusting the first plane reflector 4 to enable the parallel light beams reflected by the first plane reflector 4 to enter the second plane reflector 5 at the receiving end to be reflected and then enter the second metal cylinder 9, adjusting the second metal cylinder 9 to enable the light-incoming end of the second optical fiber 11 to be received at the focal length position of the second convex lens 7, connecting the light-outgoing end of the second optical fiber 11 with the laser receiver 13, and converting the received laser into the laser electric signal lambda by the laser receiver 13.

8) The impurity injection system is started, and the oscilloscope 14 captures the laser electrical signal λ during impurity injection, as shown in fig. 2, it can be seen from the figure that there is a difference Δ λ between the received laser electrical signal and the laser electrical signal during impurity-free injection due to the shielding of the impurity powder to the laser, and the difference is used to establish the corresponding relationship between the impurity injection flow rate Γ and the reduced relative value η of the laser electrical signal (where η ═ Δ λ/λ × 100%).

9) The relative value of the drop of the laser electrical signal and the injection flow rate gamma of the impurities (such as boron-100 mesh particle powder) are calibrated, and the injection amount of the fusion device powder can be obtained in real time by utilizing the calibrated value and the relative value of the drop of the laser read in real time in a specific experiment, as shown in figure 3, the injection flow rate gamma of the impurities and η are in a good linear relation, so that the injection flow rate gamma of the impurities can be read in real time conveniently, and the precision is high.

Optionally, the two glass observation windows are sealed by a circular knife edge, and the diameter of the two glass observation windows is phi 35 mm.

Optionally, the laser emitter 12 is a light-coupled LED available from THORLABS, model M530F2, with a wavelength of 530 nm.

Optionally, the diameter of the first optical fiber 10 is 600 μm,0.50NA, Low OH, SMA to SMA FiberPatch Cables.

Optionally, the diameter of the second optical fiber 11 is 200 μm,0.22NA, Low OH, SMA to SMA FiberPatch Cables.

Optionally, the laser receiver 13 is a silicon-based photodetector manufactured by THORLABS corporation, and the model is PDA36A, and the gain can be adjusted.

Optionally, the two convex lenses have a focal length of 50mm and a diameter of 25 mm.

The two plane mirrors are THORLABS BB3-E02 phi 3, and the broadband film is 400-750 nm.

The above embodiments are only used for illustrating but not limiting the technical solutions of the present invention, and although the above embodiments describe the present invention in detail, those skilled in the art should understand that: modifications and equivalents may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention and any modifications and equivalents may fall within the scope of the claims.