阅读说明：本技术 一种便携式的应用于现场残余应力的加载及光学测试装置 (Portable loading and optical testing device applied to field residual stress ) 是由 杨滨 蒋文春 邵晓明 冯海顺 李玫蓁 汪皖豫 涂善东 李福来 张玉福 苏厚德 陈 于 2019-11-13 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种便携式的应用于现场残余应力的加载及光学测试装置,包括外部套架、加载组件和装夹组件,基于云纹干涉法的残余应力测试装置,包括外部套架、测量组件和装夹组件。本发明在加载装置和光学测试装置中共同使用相同的外部套架和装夹组件,简便的实现拆卸更换,便于携带和使用；选用丝杠和丝杠座构成的滚珠丝杠结构,将电机的旋转运动转化为压头的直线运动,以此来实现金刚石半球体对被测设备的周期性加载与卸载；通过磁性底座、Z型连接架和夹具的配合,便于与待测量的装置的固定；通过位移传感器和摄像头的配合,观察加载过程中材料向两侧堆积隆起的情况。(The invention discloses a portable loading and optical testing device applied to field residual stress, which comprises an external sleeve frame, a loading assembly and a clamping assembly. The loading device and the optical testing device share the same external sleeve frame and clamping assembly, so that the loading device and the optical testing device are convenient to detach and replace and convenient to carry and use; a ball screw structure consisting of a screw and a screw seat is selected, and the rotary motion of a motor is converted into the linear motion of a pressure head, so that the periodical loading and unloading of the diamond hemisphere to the tested equipment are realized; the magnetic base, the Z-shaped connecting frame and the clamp are matched, so that the device to be measured can be conveniently fixed; through the cooperation of displacement sensor and camera, observe the circumstances that the material was piled up the uplift to both sides in the loading process.)

1. A portable loading device applied to field residual stress testing is characterized by comprising:

the outer sleeve frame (1) comprises two groups of side plates (101) and two groups of front plates (102), the two groups of side plates (101) and the two groups of front plates (102) are respectively connected end to end through bolts, a cavity (103) is formed between the two groups of side plates (101) and the two groups of front plates (102), and connecting seats (104) are respectively arranged on the side parts of the two groups of side plates (101) and the two groups of front plates (102);

loading assembly (2), loading assembly (2) includes motor (201), lead screw seat (202), lead screw (203), connecting piece (204), link up piece (205), spout (206) and slider (207), the output of motor (201) passes through shaft coupling (208) and links to each other with lead screw seat (202), lead screw (203) threaded connection is in the middle part of lead screw seat (202), the outside in lead screw (203) is installed in connecting piece (204), link up piece (205) is installed in the outside of connecting piece (204), slider (207) are installed in the lower part of link up piece (205), spout (206) are installed in two sets of curb plate (101) and two sets of the lower part of positive plate (102), motor (201) are through the upper portion of connecting seat (104) installation two sets of curb plate (101) and two sets of positive plate (102), shaft coupling (208), lead screw seat (202), The lead screw (203), the connecting piece (204) and the connecting piece (205) are all located inside the cavity (103), the sliding block (207) is connected inside the sliding groove (206) in a sliding mode, the lower portion of the sliding block (207) is provided with a pressure sensor (211) through a bolt, the lower portion of the pressure sensor (211) is connected with a pressure head (209) in a threaded mode, and the side portion of the pressure head (209) is provided with a diamond hemisphere (210);

clamping subassembly (3), clamping subassembly (3) are including magnetism base (301), two sets of Z type link (302) and anchor clamps (303), magnetism base (301) are installed in the lower part of two sets of curb plates (101) and two sets of positive plates (102) through the bolt, camera (304) are installed to the inboard of magnetism base (301), displacement sensor (305) are installed to the lateral part of magnetism base (301), the middle part of magnetism base (301) seted up with pressure head (209) matched with through-hole (306), two sets of Z type link (302) are all installed respectively in two sets of through the bolt the lateral part of curb plate (101), anchor clamps (303) are installed in the lower part of Z type link (302) through the bolt.

2. The portable loading device applied to the field residual stress test is characterized in that: the center line of the output end of the motor (201), the center line of the lead screw (203) and the center line of the sliding block (207) are coaxially arranged.

3. The portable loading device applied to the field residual stress test is characterized in that: the middle part of the connecting piece (205) is arranged in a hollow mode, and a threaded hole (2051) is formed in the side part of the connecting piece (205).

4. The portable loading device applied to the field residual stress test is characterized in that: the pressure head (209) is arranged in a hollow mode, and a threaded section (2091) is arranged inside the pressure head (209).

5. The portable loading device applied to the field residual stress test is characterized in that: an outer convex part (2101) is arranged at the end part of the diamond hemisphere (210).

6. A portable optical test device for on-site residual stress testing, comprising an external stock (1) and a clamping assembly (3) and a measuring assembly (4) according to claim 1,

the external sleeve frame (1) comprises two groups of side plates (101) and two groups of front plates (102), the two groups of side plates (101) and the two groups of front plates (102) are respectively connected end to end through bolts, a cavity (103) is formed between the two groups of side plates (101) and the two groups of front plates (102), connecting seats (104) are respectively installed on the side portions of the two groups of side plates (101) and the two groups of front plates (102), and an installation groove (105) is formed between the two groups of side plates (101);

the measuring assembly (4) comprises a laser emitter (401), a collimating mirror (402), a beam expander (403), a first reflector (404), a second reflector (405), a light blocking block (406) and a supporting block (407), wherein the collimating mirror (402) and the beam expander (403) are both installed at the light emitting end of the laser emitter (401) through a connecting frame (408), the beam expander (403) is located between the laser emitter (401) and the collimating mirror (402), the laser emitter (401) is installed at the upper parts of two groups of front plates (102) and two groups of side plates (101) through a connecting seat (104), the collimating mirror (402), the beam expander (403) and the connecting frame (408) are all located inside a cavity (103), the light blocking block (406) is installed at the middle part of the supporting block (407), the first reflectors (404) are symmetrically installed at the side parts of the light blocking block (406), and the second reflector (405) is symmetrically installed at the inner side of the supporting block (407), the supporting block (407) is mounted on the inner side of the mounting groove (105), the first reflecting mirror (404), the second reflecting mirror (405) and the light blocking block (406) are all located inside the cavity (103), and the two groups of first reflecting mirrors (404) are all opposite to the lower portion of the collimating mirror (402);

clamping subassembly (3) are including magnetism base (301), two sets of Z type link (302) and anchor clamps (303), magnetism base (301) are installed in the lower part of two sets of curb plates (101) and two sets of positive plates (102) through the bolt, camera (304) are installed to the inboard of magnetism base (301), displacement sensor (305) are installed to the lateral part of magnetism base (301), the middle part of magnetism base (301) is seted up with pressure head (209) matched with through-hole (306), and is two sets of Z type link (302) are all installed respectively in two sets of through the bolt the lateral part of curb plate (101), anchor clamps (303) are installed in the lower part of Z type link (302) through the bolt.

7. The portable optical testing device for in-situ residual stress testing according to claim 6, wherein: the central line of the collimating mirror (402), the central line of the beam expanding mirror (403) and the central line of the light blocking block (406) are coaxially arranged.

8. The portable optical testing device for in-situ residual stress testing according to claim 6, wherein: the beam expander (403) is a concave lens, and the collimating lens (402) is a convex lens.

9. The portable optical testing device for in-situ residual stress testing according to claim 6, wherein: the magnetic base (301) is provided with a groove (3011), and the magnetic base (301) is an electromagnet magnetic base.

Background

With the development of large-scale key equipment in heavy industries such as petrochemical industry, nuclear power and the like, the problem of overlarge plate thickness and diameter in the manufacturing industry is more and more prominent. The thick-wall part has a large number of welding passes and strong restraint, so that large residual stress and deformation are generated, and the problems of fatigue fracture, stress corrosion cracking and the like are caused. In order to ensure the service safety of the welding part, effective regulation and control are required for the residual stress. Accurate testing of the residual stress of a component in service is the core foundation for achieving the above objectives. Meanwhile, the working characteristics of the service equipment are considered, and the test also ensures that the equipment is slightly damaged/undamaged and the integrity of the equipment cannot be damaged. From the aspect of the strength of the test operation, the requirements of portability and humanization are also met.

The continuous ball pressing equipment has the characteristic of portability, can meet the requirements of no damage/micro loss of the tested equipment, and has good potential in the aspect of testing residual stress. However, the existing method can only obtain the value of the residual stress, and cannot provide the direction information of the residual stress, which brings inconvenience to the subsequent integrity evaluation. The optical interference method has the advantages of non-contact, full field and real-time observation, and can exactly make up the defects. However, existing optical interference devices are bulky and inconvenient for field use. The invention aims to combine the advantages of the two methods and develop a portable device applied to field residual stress test so as to achieve accurate, comprehensive, nondestructive and humanized test on service equipment.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a portable loading and optical testing device applied to field residual stress, wherein the same external stock and clamping component are used in the loading device and the optical testing device, so that the loading device and the optical testing device are convenient to disassemble and replace.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a portable, non-destructive/micro-destructive loading device based on continuous ball-pressing method for residual stress in situ, comprising:

the outer sleeve frame comprises two groups of side plates and two groups of front plates, the two groups of side plates and the two groups of front plates are respectively connected end to end through bolts, a cavity is formed between the two groups of side plates and the two groups of front plates, and connecting seats are arranged on the side parts of the two groups of side plates and the two groups of front plates;

a loading assembly, which comprises a motor, a screw rod seat, a screw rod, a connecting piece, a sliding groove and a sliding block, the output end of the motor is connected with the screw rod seat through the coupler, the screw rod is connected with the middle part of the screw rod seat through threads, the connecting piece is arranged on the outer side of the screw rod, the connecting piece is arranged on the outer side of the connecting piece, the sliding block is arranged on the lower part of the connecting piece, the sliding grooves are arranged at the lower parts of the two groups of side plates and the two groups of front plates, the motor is arranged at the upper parts of the two groups of side plates and the two groups of front plates through the connecting seat, the shaft coupling, the screw rod seat, the screw rod, the connecting piece and the connecting piece are all positioned in the cavity, the sliding block is connected in the sliding groove in a sliding manner, the lower part of the sliding block is provided with a pressure sensor through a bolt, the lower part of the pressure sensor is in threaded connection with a pressure head, and the side part of the pressure head is provided with a diamond hemisphere;

the clamping subassembly, the clamping subassembly includes magnetic base, two sets of Z type link and anchor clamps, the magnetic base passes through the bolt and installs in the lower part of two sets of curb plates and two sets of positive boards, the camera is installed to the inboard of magnetic base, displacement sensor is installed to the lateral part of magnetic base, the through-hole with pressure head matched with is seted up at the middle part of magnetic base, and is two sets of the Z type link is all installed respectively in two sets of through the bolt the lateral part of curb plate, anchor clamps pass through the bolt and install in the lower part of Z type link.

The center line of the output end of the motor, the center line of the lead screw and the center line of the sliding block are coaxially arranged.

The middle part of the connecting piece is arranged in a hollow mode, and a threaded hole is formed in the side part of the connecting piece.

The pressure head is arranged in a hollow mode, and a thread section is arranged inside the pressure head.

Wherein, the tip of diamond hemisphere is provided with the evagination.

The invention also provides an optical interference-based, portable, on-site residual stress-applied optical testing device, comprising the external stock and clamping assembly of claim 1 and a measuring assembly,

the external sleeve frame comprises two groups of side plates and two groups of front plates, the two groups of side plates and the two groups of front plates are respectively connected end to end through bolts, a cavity is formed between the two groups of side plates and the two groups of front plates, connecting seats are respectively arranged on the side parts of the two groups of side plates and the two groups of front plates, and mounting grooves are respectively formed between the two groups of side plates;

the measuring component comprises a laser emitter, a collimating mirror, a beam expanding mirror, a first reflecting mirror, a second reflecting mirror, a light blocking block and a supporting block, wherein the collimating mirror and the beam expanding mirror are both arranged at the light emitting end of the laser emitter through connecting frames, the beam expanding mirror is arranged between the laser emitter and the collimating mirror, the laser emitter is arranged at the upper parts of two groups of positive plates and two groups of side plates through connecting seats, the collimating mirror, the beam expanding mirror and the connecting frames are all arranged in a cavity, the light blocking block is arranged in the middle of the supporting block, the first reflecting mirror is symmetrically arranged at the side part of the light blocking block, the second reflecting mirror is symmetrically arranged at the inner side of the supporting block, the supporting block is arranged at the inner side of the mounting groove, the first reflecting mirror, the second reflecting mirror and the light blocking block are all arranged in the cavity, and;

the clamping subassembly includes magnetism base, two sets of Z type link and anchor clamps, the magnetism base passes through the bolt and installs in the lower part of two sets of curb plates and two sets of positive boards, the camera is installed to the inboard of magnetism base, displacement sensor is installed to the lateral part of magnetism base, the through-hole with pressure head matched with has been seted up at the middle part of magnetism base, and is two sets of Z type connecting rod all installs respectively in two sets of through the bolt the lateral part of curb plate, anchor clamps pass through the bolt and install in the lower part of Z type link.

The center line of the collimating lens, the center line of the beam expanding lens and the center line of the light blocking block are coaxially arranged.

The beam expander is a concave lens, and the collimating lens is a convex lens.

The magnetic base is provided with a groove and is an electromagnet magnetic base.

In summary, due to the adoption of the technology, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

in the invention, the same external sleeve frame and clamping assembly are used in the loading device and the optical testing device, so that the disassembly and the replacement are simply and conveniently realized, and the residual stress of the device is measured by using an optical interference method, thereby being convenient to carry and use.

In the invention, the ball screw structure formed by the screw and the screw seat is the transmission device with highest precision and most common in transmission machinery, and the rotary motion of the motor is converted into the linear motion of the pressure head, so that the periodical loading and unloading of the diamond hemisphere to the tested equipment are realized.

According to the invention, the magnetic base is adsorbed on the side part of the device through the matching of the magnetic base, the Z-shaped connecting frame and the clamp, then the device with the fixing function is placed on the lower part of the Z-shaped connecting frame, and the clamp and the Z-shaped connecting frame are fixed through the bolts, so that the device to be measured can be conveniently fixed.

According to the invention, through the matching of the displacement sensor and the camera, the condition that materials are piled up and raised towards two sides in the pressing-in process is observed, and the detection is convenient.

In the invention, the first reflector receives parallel light rays from the collimating mirror and reflects the parallel light rays to the second reflector, and the second reflector reflects the light rays to the surface to be measured to form a grating, thereby facilitating subsequent observation.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a part of the loading device of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a portion of the loading assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a side view of the sliding slot and the sliding block of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of a portion of the structure of the sliding slot and the sliding block of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic top view of the lead screw of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a side view of the screw of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of a pressure head part of the invention;

FIG. 8 is an isometric view of a splice member of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is an isometric view of the chute of the invention;

fig. 10 is an isometric view of the connection hub of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a top view of a portion of the connecting base of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a schematic top sectional view of the chute portion of the invention;

FIG. 13 is an isometric view of a side panel of the present invention;

FIG. 14 is an isometric view of a front panel of the present invention;

FIG. 15 is a top view of the magnetic base of the present invention;

FIG. 16 is a side view of the magnetic base of the present invention;

FIG. 17 is an isometric view of a Z-shaped link of the present invention;

FIG. 18 is an isometric view of the clamp of the present invention;

FIG. 19 is a schematic cross-sectional front view of an optical testing apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 20 is a schematic view of the light path of the optical testing apparatus of the present invention.

The labels in the figure are: 1. an outer jacket frame; 101. a side plate; 102. a positive plate; 103. a cavity; 104. a connecting seat; 105. mounting grooves; 2. loading the component; 201. a motor; 202. a lead screw seat; 203. a lead screw; 204. a connecting member; 205. a joining member; 2051. a threaded hole; 206. a chute; 207. a slider; 208. a coupling; 209. a pressure head; 2091. a threaded segment; 210. a diamond hemisphere; 2101. an outer convex portion; 211. a pressure sensor; 3. clamping the assembly; 301. a magnetic base; 3011. a groove; 302. a Z-shaped connecting frame; 303. a clamp; 304. a camera; 305. a displacement sensor; 306. a through hole; 4. a measurement assembly; 401. a laser transmitter; 402. a collimating mirror; 403. a beam expander; 404. a first reflector; 405. a second reflector; 406. a light blocking block; 407. a support block; 408. and a connecting frame.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms indicating an orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art from the specification.

The invention provides a portable nondestructive/micro-damage loading device applied to field residual stress based on a continuous ball pressing method, which is shown in figures 1-18 and comprises:

the external sleeve frame 1 comprises two groups of side plates 101 and two groups of front plates 102, the two groups of side plates 101 and the two groups of front plates 102 are respectively connected end to end through bolts, a cavity 103 is formed between the two groups of side plates 101 and the two groups of front plates 102, and connecting seats 104 are respectively arranged on the side parts of the two groups of side plates 101 and the two groups of front plates 102;

the loading assembly 2 comprises a motor 201, a lead screw seat 202, a lead screw 203, a connecting piece 204, a connecting piece 205, a sliding groove 206 and a sliding block 207, wherein the output end of the motor 201 is connected with the lead screw seat 202 through a coupler 208, the lead screw 203 is in threaded connection with the middle part of the lead screw seat 202, the connecting piece 204 is installed on the outer side of the lead screw 203, the connecting piece 205 is installed on the outer side of the connecting piece 204, the sliding block 207 is installed on the lower part of the connecting piece 205, the sliding groove 206 is installed on the lower parts of the two groups of side plates 101 and the two groups of front plates 102, the motor 201 is installed on the upper parts of the two groups of side plates 101 and the two groups of front plates 102 through a connecting seat 104, the coupler 208, the lead screw seat 202, the lead screw 203, the connecting piece 204 and the connecting piece 205 are all positioned inside the, the side part of the pressure head 209 is provided with a diamond hemisphere 210, the center line of the output end of the motor 201, the center line of the screw rod 203 and the center line of the slide block 207 are coaxially arranged, the middle part of the connecting piece 205 is arranged in a hollow way, the side part of the connecting piece 205 is provided with a threaded hole 2051, the pressure head 209 is arranged in a hollow way, the inside of the pressure head 209 is provided with a threaded section 2091, the end part of the diamond hemisphere 210 is provided with an external convex part 2101, and a ball screw structure formed by the screw rod 203 and the screw rod seat 202 is a transmission device with the highest precision and most common use in transmission machinery, so that the rotary motion of the motor 201 is converted into the linear motion of the pressure head 209, and the periodical loading;

clamping subassembly 3, clamping subassembly 3 includes magnetic base 301, two sets of Z type link 302 and anchor clamps 303, magnetic base 301 passes through the bolt and installs in the lower part of two sets of curb plates 101 and two sets of positive plates 102, camera 304 is installed to magnetic base 301's inboard, displacement sensor 305 is installed to magnetic base 301's lateral part, magnetic base 301's middle part has been seted up with pressure head 209 matched with through-hole 306, two sets of Z type link 302 all install respectively in the lateral part of two sets of curb plates 101 through the bolt, anchor clamps 303 passes through the bolt and installs in the lower part of Z type link 302.

Referring to fig. 9-20, the present invention further provides a portable optical testing device for residual stress in situ based on optical interference, comprising the external stock 1 and clamping assembly 3 of claim 1 and the measuring assembly 4,

the external sleeve frame 1 comprises two groups of side plates 101 and two groups of front plates 102, the two groups of side plates 101 and the two groups of front plates 102 are respectively connected end to end through bolts, a cavity 103 is formed between the two groups of side plates 101 and the two groups of front plates 102, connecting seats 104 are respectively arranged on the side parts of the two groups of side plates 101 and the two groups of front plates 102, and mounting grooves 105 are respectively formed between the two groups of side plates 101;

the measuring component 4 comprises a laser emitter 401, a collimating mirror 402, a beam expanding mirror 403, a first reflecting mirror 404, a second reflecting mirror 405, a light blocking block 406 and a supporting block 407, wherein the collimating mirror 402 and the beam expanding mirror 403 are both installed at the light emitting end of the laser emitter 401 through a connecting frame 408, the beam expanding mirror 403 is located between the laser emitter 401 and the collimating mirror 402, the laser emitter 401 is installed at the upper parts of the two sets of positive plates 102 and the two sets of side plates 101 through a connecting seat 104, the collimating mirror 402, the beam expanding mirror 403 and the connecting frame 408 are all located inside the cavity 103, the light blocking block 406 is installed at the middle part of the supporting block 407, the first reflecting mirror 404 is symmetrically installed at the side part of the light blocking block 406, the second reflecting mirror 405 is symmetrically installed at the inner side part of the supporting block 407, the supporting block 407 is installed at the inner side of the installing groove 105, the first reflecting mirror 404, the second reflecting mirror, the central line of the collimating lens 402, the central line of the beam expander 403 and the central line of the light blocking block 406 are coaxially arranged, the beam expander 403 is a concave lens, the collimating lens 402 is a convex lens, the magnetic base 301 is provided with a groove 3011, and the magnetic base 301 is an electromagnet magnetic base;

the clamping assembly 3 comprises a magnetic base 301, two groups of Z-shaped connecting frames 302 and a clamp 303, the magnetic base 301 is mounted on the lower portions of two groups of side plates 101 and two groups of front plates 102 through bolts, a camera 304 is mounted on the inner side of the magnetic base 301, a displacement sensor 305 is mounted on the side portion of the magnetic base 301, a through hole 306 matched with a pressure head 209 is formed in the middle of the magnetic base 301, the two groups of Z-shaped connecting frames 302 are mounted on the side portions of the two groups of side plates 101 through bolts respectively, and the clamp 303 is mounted on the lower portion of the Z-shaped connecting frame 302 through.

The working principle is as follows: when the loading device is used initially, the rotary motion of the motor 201 is converted into the linear motion of the pressure head 209 through the ball screw structure formed by the screw 203 and the screw seat 202, so that the diamond hemisphere 210 can be periodically loaded and unloaded to the tested equipment to form an indentation; the other parts except the shared part are detached, the optical testing device is assembled on the basis of the shared part, the first reflector 404 receives parallel light rays from the collimating mirror 402 and reflects the parallel light rays to the second reflector 405, the second reflector 405 reflects the light rays to the surface to be tested to form a grating, subsequent observation is facilitated, and the condition that the materials are piled up and bulged towards two sides in the pressing-in process is observed through the matching of the displacement sensor 305 and the camera 304, so that the residual stress test is achieved.

Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments or portions thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.