Bidirectional permanent magnet retaining mechanism
阅读说明：本技术 一种双向永磁保持机构 (Bidirectional permanent magnet retaining mechanism ) 是由 刘晓明 姜文涛 邹积岩 于 2019-11-11 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种双向永磁保持机构,属于断路器快速操动机构领域,由双向永磁保持单元、连接杆和电磁斥力推动单元组成。双向永磁保持单元包括动铁芯、环形磁轭、导磁环、永磁体、保持单元底座和保持单元上端盖,动铁芯固定于连接杆上,连接杆向上运动到保持单元上端盖位置,永磁体保持动铁芯与上端盖吸附在一起,连接杆向下运动到保持单元底座位置,永磁体保持动铁芯与保持单元底座吸附在一起,所以双向永磁保持单元可为断路器灭弧室提供一定的分合闸保持力。本发明可以实现断路器操动机构的小型化和集约化,可以有效提高开关分闸速度,缩短燃弧时间,减轻触头烧蚀,提高断路器开断能力。(The invention relates to a bidirectional permanent magnet retaining mechanism, which belongs to the field of quick operating mechanisms of circuit breakers and comprises a bidirectional permanent magnet retaining unit, a connecting rod and an electromagnetic repulsion pushing unit. The bidirectional permanent magnet holding unit comprises a movable iron core, an annular magnetic yoke, a magnetic conduction ring, a permanent magnet, a holding unit base and a holding unit upper end cover, wherein the movable iron core is fixed on the connecting rod, the connecting rod moves upwards to the position of the holding unit upper end cover, the permanent magnet holds the movable iron core and the upper end cover to be adsorbed together, the connecting rod moves downwards to the position of the holding unit base, the permanent magnet holds the movable iron core and the holding unit base to be adsorbed together, and therefore the bidirectional permanent magnet holding unit can provide certain opening and closing holding force for the arc extinguish chamber of the. The invention can realize the miniaturization and the intensification of the circuit breaker operating mechanism, can effectively improve the switch opening speed, shorten the arcing time, reduce the ablation of the contact and improve the breaking capacity of the circuit breaker.)
1. A bidirectional permanent magnet holding mechanism is characterized by comprising a bidirectional permanent magnet holding unit, a connecting rod and an electromagnetic repulsion pushing unit; the connecting rod moves under the driving of the electromagnetic repulsion force pushing unit, so that the connecting rod moves up and down rapidly; when the connecting rod moves upwards or downwards to a certain displacement, the bidirectional permanent magnet holding unit applies holding force to the upper and lower fixed position states of the connecting rod.
2. The bidirectional permanent magnet holding mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the electromagnetic repulsion pushing unit comprises a separating repulsion coil panel, a closing repulsion coil panel and a repulsion coil panel, the repulsion coil panel is fixed on the connecting rod through a fastener, and downward and upward repulsion is applied to the repulsion coil panel by electrifying the separating repulsion coil panel and the closing repulsion coil panel, so as to drive the connecting rod to move up and down rapidly.
3. The bidirectional permanent magnet holding mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the bidirectional permanent magnet holding unit comprises a movable iron core, an annular magnetic yoke, a permanent magnet, a magnetic conductive ring, a holding unit base and a holding unit upper end cover, the movable iron core is fixed on a connecting rod, the connecting rod moves upwards to the holding unit upper end cover position, the permanent magnet holds the movable iron core and the upper end cover to be adsorbed together, the connecting rod moves downwards to the holding unit base position, and the permanent magnet holds the movable iron core and the holding unit base to be adsorbed together.
4. The bidirectional permanent magnet holding mechanism according to claim 2, wherein the opening repulsion coil panel and the closing repulsion coil panel are respectively positioned at the upper side and the lower side of the repulsion coil panel, and the opening repulsion coil panel and the closing repulsion coil panel are coaxial; the opening repulsion coil panel and the closing repulsion coil panel are isolated and fastened through hexagonal prism metal supporting pieces and keep a certain distance; the separating brake repulsion coil panel and the closing brake repulsion coil panel are of square structures, a copper flat coil comprising at least one square arrangement is placed inside the separating brake repulsion coil panel and the closing brake repulsion coil panel, insulating glue is filled between every two layers of coils, and coil leads are connected with an external circuit through coil panel lead grooves.
5. A bi-directional permanent magnet holding mechanism according to claim 2 wherein said repulsive disc is a metal material with low density and high electrical conductivity, such as aluminum alloy.
6. The bidirectional permanent magnet holding mechanism according to claim 3, wherein the cylindrical movable iron core is fixed with the connecting rod; the permanent magnet and the magnetic conduction ring are arranged side by side, and a certain distance is reserved between the magnetic conduction ring and the movable iron core; the base of the holding unit and the upper end cover of the holding unit are isolated and fastened through a hexagonal prism metal support and keep a certain distance, and the annular magnetic yoke is arranged between the base of the holding unit and the upper end cover; the movable iron core, the connecting rod, the magnetic conduction ring and the permanent magnet are arranged in the annular magnet yoke; the upper ends of the base and the holding unit are square, the base and the holding unit are coaxial, and a circular hole is reserved in the middle of the base and the holding unit.
7. The bidirectional permanent magnet holding mechanism according to claim 6, wherein the permanent magnet is made of a material having a certain magnetic attraction force, and is in the shape of an integral ring or formed by splicing a certain number of arc-shaped permanent magnets at a certain angle.
8. The mechanism of claim 6, wherein the base of the holding unit is made of metal material and has a square shape, a circular hole is formed in the middle of the base, and a circular boss with a certain width is formed in the middle of the base.
9. The mechanism of claim 6, wherein said flux ring is made of a metallic material having a high magnetic permeability and is shaped as a ring.
Technical Field
The invention relates to a bidirectional permanent magnet retaining mechanism, and belongs to the field of circuit breaker quick operating mechanisms.
Background
In recent years, with the large-scale access of distributed power supplies and energy storage devices, the rapid development of power electronic technology, and the increase of direct current loads, direct current power distribution has received more and more attention. Particularly, direct current systems such as large ship power supply systems, photovoltaic direct current micro-grid systems, urban rail transit power supply systems and the like are developed greatly in certain specific occasions. With the continuous increase of the capacity of the direct current system and the continuous improvement of the voltage level, the indexes of the short-circuit current peak value and the on-off time of the direct current breaker are also continuously improved. Although the traditional mechanical switch has the advantages of strong load carrying capacity and stable conduction, the response speed is slow, generally about 5-20 ms, and the requirement of some occasions needing quick on-off action cannot be met; the power electronic switch has high response speed, but has overlarge on-state loss and low voltage endurance capability.
The hybrid direct-current circuit breaker requires the quick mechanical switch to realize high-speed separation of contacts, so that the current is convenient to transfer to a transfer branch, and simultaneously requires the quick mechanical switch to obtain the initial speed as large as possible to form an insulation gap as soon as possible so as to resist a very high transient recovery voltage appearing between fractures of the mechanical circuit breaker later. In the current stage, a permanent magnet mechanism is mostly used for the quick mechanical switch, the mechanism and a driving loop have large volume and high cost, and the miniaturization and intensification of the circuit breaker are not facilitated. At present, electromagnetic repulsion force fast mechanical switches at the present stage are mostly in theoretical research and principle prototype stages, no reliable engineering application case exists, and the development and the use of a hybrid direct current circuit breaker are seriously influenced.
For example, chinese patent with application number CN201620362749.5 discloses a fast switch based on permanent magnet holding mechanism, which comprises a repulsion mechanism and a permanent magnet mechanism, and comprises an upper guide rod, a vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber, a middle guide rod, an insulator, a lower guide rod and a movable iron core for holding, which are connected in sequence, and is characterized in that: a repulsion plate is sleeved on the lower guide rod, an opening coil is arranged above the repulsion plate, and a closing coil is arranged below the repulsion plate; an upper holding stationary core is attached to the upper holding movable core, a closing holding permanent magnet is attached to the middle of the upper holding stationary core, a lower holding stationary core is attached to the lower holding movable core, and a switching-off holding permanent magnet is attached to the middle of the lower holding stationary core. The lower end of the closing keeping permanent magnet is shorter than the lower end of the upper keeping static iron core, so that a groove is formed at the lower end of the upper keeping static iron core and serves as an upper air gap; wherein the upper end of the opening keeping permanent magnet is shorter than the upper end of the lower keeping static iron core, so that a groove is formed at the upper end of the lower keeping static iron core to be used as a lower air gap. The permanent magnet holding part is used for providing switching-off holding force and switching-on holding force for an arc extinguish chamber contact in the circuit breaker, so that the circuit breaker is in a stable switching-off state or a stable switching-on state; the electromagnetic repulsion operating part provides electromagnetic force in the opening and closing operation process, so that the breaker is changed from opening to closing or from closing to opening.
But above-mentioned fast switch uses the permanent magnet of upper and lower structure to provide the holding power, and this structure has the potential safety hazard because can produce very big impact force at the iron core fast movement in-process that moves, leads to the permanent magnet breakage very easily, is unfavorable for circuit breaker non-maintaining nature and reliability.
Disclosure of Invention
Object of the Invention
The invention aims to provide a bidirectional permanent magnet holding mechanism which can realize quick breaking and quick closing of a circuit breaker and can complete the breaking process within 3 ms. Meanwhile, the high reliability of the circuit breaker operating mechanism is ensured by the unique design of the annular bidirectional maintaining scheme.
Technical scheme
The utility model provides a two-way permanent magnetism holding mechanism, is including keeping unit base (1), fastening bolt (2), yoke (3), permanent magnet (4), movable iron core (5) keep unit upper end cover (6), combined floodgate repulsion coil panel (7), hexagonal prism metal support piece (8), repulsion coil fastener (9), connecting rod (10), separating brake repulsion coil panel (11), repulsion coil (12) and magnetic ring (13), its characterized in that: the device comprises a bidirectional permanent magnet holding unit, a connecting rod and an electromagnetic repulsion force pushing unit; the connecting rod moves under the driving of the electromagnetic repulsion force pushing unit, so that the connecting rod moves up and down rapidly; when the connecting rod moves upwards or downwards to a certain displacement, the bidirectional permanent magnet holding unit applies holding force to the upper and lower fixed position states of the connecting rod.
Furthermore, the electromagnetic repulsion force pushing unit comprises a brake separating repulsion force coil panel, a brake closing repulsion force coil panel and a repulsion force coil panel, the repulsion force coil panel is fixed on the connecting rod through a metal fastener, and downward and upward repulsion forces are applied to the repulsion force coil panel through respectively electrifying the brake separating repulsion force coil panel and the brake closing repulsion force coil panel, so that the connecting rod is driven to move up and down rapidly.
Furthermore, the bidirectional permanent magnet holding unit comprises a movable iron core, an annular magnetic yoke, a permanent magnet, a holding unit base and a holding unit upper end cover, wherein the movable iron core is fixed on the connecting rod, the connecting rod moves upwards to the position of the holding unit upper end cover, the permanent magnet keeps the movable iron core and the upper end cover to be adsorbed together, the connecting rod moves downwards to the position of the holding unit base, and the permanent magnet keeps the movable iron core and the holding unit base to be adsorbed together.
Furthermore, the opening repulsion coil panel and the closing repulsion coil panel are respectively positioned at the upper side and the lower side of the repulsion coil panel and are coaxial; the opening repulsion coil panel and the closing repulsion coil panel are isolated and fastened through hexagonal prism metal supporting pieces and keep a certain distance; the separating brake repulsion coil panel and the closing brake repulsion coil panel are of square structures, a copper flat coil comprising at least one square arrangement is placed inside the separating brake repulsion coil panel and the closing brake repulsion coil panel, insulating glue is filled between every two layers of coils, and coil leads are connected with an external circuit through coil panel lead grooves.
Further, the repulsive disc is made of a metal material with low density and high electrical conductivity, such as aluminum alloy.
Further, the cylindrical movable iron core is fixed with the connecting rod; the permanent magnet and the magnetic conduction ring are arranged side by side, and a certain distance is reserved between the magnetic conduction ring and the movable iron core; the base of the holding unit and the upper end cover of the holding unit are isolated and fastened through a hexagonal prism metal support and keep a certain distance, and the annular magnetic yoke is arranged between the base of the holding unit and the upper end cover; the movable iron core, the connecting rod, the magnetic conduction ring and the permanent magnet are arranged in the annular magnet yoke; the upper ends of the base and the holding unit are square, the base and the holding unit are coaxial, and a circular hole is reserved in the middle of the base and the holding unit.
Furthermore, the permanent magnet is made of a material with certain magnetic adsorption force, and is in an integral annular shape or formed by splicing a certain number of arc-shaped permanent magnets at certain angles.
Furthermore, the base of the holding unit is made of metal materials, the holding unit is square, a circular hole is reserved in the middle of the base, and an annular boss with a certain width is arranged in the middle of the base.
Furthermore, the magnetic conduction ring is made of metal materials with high magnetic conductivity and is annular.
Advantages and effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
the bidirectional permanent magnet retaining mechanism for the circuit breaker is simple in structure, high in action speed and high in reliability, can effectively improve the switching-off speed of the switch, shortens arcing time, reduces ablation of contacts and improves the breaking capacity of the circuit breaker. In addition, due to the unique design of the non-contact annular permanent magnet maintaining part, the reliability of the operating mechanism is further ensured, and the maintenance-free annular permanent magnet maintaining part becomes a key step for realizing the maintenance-free breaker.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a basic structure of a bidirectional permanent magnet holding mechanism.
Description of reference numerals:
1. the permanent magnet type permanent magnet motor comprises a
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
as shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a bidirectional permanent magnet holding mechanism for a circuit breaker, which comprises a bidirectional permanent magnet holding unit, a connecting rod, and an electromagnetic repulsion pushing unit. The base of the holding unit and the upper end cover of the holding unit in the bidirectional permanent magnet holding unit are isolated and fastened through hexagonal prism metal supporting pieces and keep a certain distance, the annular magnet yoke is arranged between the base of the holding unit and the upper end cover, and the connecting rod, the movable iron core, the magnetic conduction ring and the permanent magnet are arranged in the annular magnet yoke; the base of the holding unit and the upper end cover of the holding unit are square, the base and the upper end cover are coaxial, and a circular hole is reserved in the middle. The upper portion of the keeping unit is an electromagnetic repulsion force pushing unit and specifically comprises a brake separating repulsion force coil panel, a brake closing repulsion force coil panel and a repulsion force coil panel, round holes are coaxially arranged among the brake separating repulsion force coil panel, the brake separating repulsion force coil panel and the brake closing repulsion force coil panel are isolated and fastened through hexagonal prism metal supporting pieces and keep a certain distance, the repulsion force coil panel is located between the brake separating repulsion force coil panel and the brake closing repulsion force coil panel, the repulsion force coil panel is fixed on. The details of the relevant parts of the embodiments of the present invention are as follows:
when the breaker connected with the mechanism executes opening operation, the repulsion coil disc and the opening repulsion coil disc are tightly closed together, and the movable iron core and the upper end cover of the holding unit are tightly closed together. The external discharging unit energizes the brake repulsion coil panel, the brake separating coil starts to discharge, and the discharging current generates a rapidly changing magnetic field in the space. By the electromagnetic induction principle, the axial component of the magnetic field generates induced electromotive force in the repulsion plate, and the radial component of the magnetic field interacts with the induced eddy current in the repulsion plate to generate electromagnetic repulsion. The repulsion plate starts to move downwards rapidly, so that the movable iron core, the connecting rod and the breaker moving contact are driven to move downwards, when the movable iron core, the connecting rod and the breaker moving contact move downwards to the position of the base boss of the keeping unit, the movable iron core, the magnetic conduction ring and the permanent magnet form a magnetic circuit, the base and the movable iron core are adsorbed together, the opening operation of the breaker is realized, and the permanent magnet provides certain opening retaining force for the breaker. Because the repulsion plate is made of high-strength material, the deformation and vibration of the repulsion plate are effectively reduced, in addition, the design of the annular non-contact type retaining part further ensures the service life of the permanent magnet, improves the reliability during action and the service life of the bidirectional retaining mechanism,
when the breaker connected with the mechanism executes closing operation, the repulsion coil and the closing repulsion coil are tightly connected together, and the movable iron core and the base of the holding unit are tightly connected together. The external discharging unit energizes the closing repulsive coil panel, the closing coil starts to discharge, and the discharging current generates a rapidly changing magnetic field in the space. By the electromagnetic induction principle, the axial component of the magnetic field generates induced electromotive force in the repulsion plate, and the radial component of the magnetic field interacts with the induced eddy current in the repulsion plate to generate electromagnetic repulsion. The repulsion plate starts to move upwards rapidly, so that the movable iron core, the connecting rod and the breaker moving contact are driven to move upwards, when the repulsion plate moves upwards to the position of the upper end cover of the maintaining unit, the repulsion plate stops moving due to the resistance of the upper end cover, the movable iron core, the magnetic conduction ring and the permanent magnet form a magnetic circuit, the upper end cover and the movable iron core are adsorbed together, the closing operation of the breaker is realized, and the permanent magnet provides certain closing maintaining force for the breaker. The repulsion plate is made of high-strength materials, so that deformation and vibration of the repulsion plate are effectively reduced, and in addition, due to the design of the annular non-contact type retaining part, the service life of the permanent magnet is further ensured, and the reliability during action and the service life of the bidirectional retaining mechanism are improved.
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