阅读说明：本技术 一种巨型射电望远镜反射面检查维护系统 (Inspection and maintenance system for reflection surface of giant radio telescope ) 是由 杨清阁 李辉 姜鹏 纪章辉 杜京纬 刘函 龚远虎 于 2019-09-17 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及巨型射电望远镜反射面维护技术领域,尤其是涉及一种巨型射电望远镜反射面检查维护系统,包括：若干个微重力蜘蛛人和索道搭建机构。本发明能够满足巨型射电望远镜反射面检查维护时具有较高的效率、重量轻且不会损伤反射面单元面板、作业人员可亲自从反射面上表面近距离检查反射面单元面板、反射面节点盘、节点盘上所安装的反射面单元连接机构、靶标等零部件以及其它需要检查的部位,并携带必要的工具对这些零部件及部位进行必要的人工维护,从而实现对巨型射电望远镜反射面比较可靠的检查和维护。(The invention relates to the technical field of maintenance of a reflection surface of a giant radio telescope, in particular to a system for checking and maintaining the reflection surface of the giant radio telescope, which comprises: a plurality of microgravity spiders and a cableway building mechanism. The invention can meet the requirements of high efficiency, light weight, no damage to the reflecting surface unit panel when the reflecting surface of the giant radio telescope is inspected and maintained, and operators can inspect the reflecting surface unit panel, the reflecting surface node disc, parts such as the reflecting surface unit connecting mechanism and the target arranged on the node disc and other parts needing to be inspected from the upper surface of the reflecting surface at a short distance and carry necessary tools to carry out necessary manual maintenance on the parts and the parts, thereby realizing the relatively reliable inspection and maintenance of the reflecting surface of the giant radio telescope.)

1. A system for inspecting and maintaining the reflection surface of a giant radio telescope is characterized by comprising: a plurality of microgravity spiders and cableway building mechanisms;

the microgravity spider man includes: the device comprises a ball body, an air inflation and deflation unit, a cable collecting device and a hanging cable tool; the sphere includes: the main airbag, the auxiliary airbag, the anchoring rigging, the mooring rigging, the anchoring bow tie, the mooring bow tie, the collision protection belt and the observation window; helium is filled in the main airbag, the auxiliary airbag is arranged in the main airbag, air is filled in the auxiliary airbag, 9 mooring bowties are arranged at intervals on the lower portion of the outer side of the main airbag in the circumferential direction, the upper ends of the mooring riggings are respectively connected with the corresponding mooring bowties, and the lower ends of the mooring riggings are connected with a rope collecting device; 6 anchoring bowties are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction in the middle of the outer side of the main airbag, and the upper ends of the anchoring riggings are respectively connected with the corresponding anchoring bowties; the collision protection belts are arranged in the middle and at the lower part of the main airbag; the observation window is arranged on the outer side of the main airbag; the air inflation and deflation unit comprises: the helium filling port of the main air bag is arranged at the middle lower part of the main air bag and is used as an interface for filling and discharging helium gas into the main air bag; the auxiliary air bag inflation port is arranged at the bottom of the main air bag and is used as an air inflation and deflation port of the auxiliary air bag; one end of the hanging rigging is connected with the cable collecting device, and a counterweight unit is arranged on the cable collecting device;

the mechanism is built to cableway includes: the cable support column is respectively arranged at the inner ring position and the outer ring position of the ring beam, the pulley platform is arranged on the track of the ring beam, a straight ladder is arranged between the pulley platform and the ring beam fairway, one end of the first cable way is connected with the cable support column on the outer ring of the ring beam, the other end of the first cable way is anchored on the concrete platform, the second cable way is built between the two cable support columns, one end of the third cable way is connected with the cable support column on the inner ring of the ring beam, the other end of the third cable way is fixed on a measuring foundation pier in the reflecting surface, and the hanging cable of the micro-gravity spider man can be respectively detachably connected with the first cable way, the second cable way and the third cable way.

2. The system for inspecting and maintaining the reflective surface of the giant radio telescope of claim 1, further comprising a three-way tractor;

the three-way traction apparatus comprises: the device comprises three traction cables and three winches, wherein the three winches are respectively fixed on three measuring foundation piers, the three traction cables are used for being connected with anchoring riggings on the ball body, free ends of the traction cables are respectively connected with the winches on the three measuring foundation piers, and the winches are used for controlling the lengths of the three traction cables to realize auxiliary movement of the ball body or limit movement of the ball body.

3. The inspection and maintenance system for the reflective surface of a giant radio telescope of claim 1, further comprising an air charging and exhausting device;

the charge and exhaust apparatus includes: the device comprises an inflation pipeline and an inflation and air pumping machine, wherein the inflation pipeline comprises a high-pressure hose, an adapter and a quick-assembly inflation pipe which are sequentially connected; when helium is filled in the erecting process or helium is filled in the working process, one end of the high-pressure hose is connected with the helium containing grid, and the fast-assembling inflation tube is connected with the helium filling port of the spherical air bag to perform corresponding inflation action; when air needs to be supplemented to the auxiliary air bag in the working process, the fast-assembling inflation tube is independently detached and is butted with an air inflation pump and an inflation inlet of the auxiliary air bag, so that the function of supplementing air to the auxiliary air bag is realized; when the air bag is removed, the fast-assembling inflation tube is in butt joint with the air filling pump and the helium filling port of the main air bag so as to realize the vacuumizing of the main air bag.

4. The system for inspecting and maintaining the reflective surface of a giant radio telescope of claim 1, further comprising a ground anchoring device;

the ground anchoring device comprises: the ground anchor is uniformly distributed on the annular ground with the diameter of 11m, the ball body base is positioned under the ball body, and the part of the upper part of the ball body, which is contacted with the ball body, is smooth and burr-free.

5. The inspection and maintenance system for the reflection surface of the giant radio telescope according to claim 1, further comprising a flying and recycling facility;

the flying recovery apparatus includes: the system comprises a cableway pulley, a ground winch, an unmanned aerial vehicle and a flying recovery protection rope; the cableway pulley is a moving tool for a sphere on the cableway, and a hook is arranged on the cableway pulley and can be connected with a hanging rigging for the sphere; the ground winch is arranged around the erection point and used for storing, releasing and recovering the ropeway and the flying recovery protection rope; the unmanned aerial vehicle is transportation equipment of a traction rope, and the traction rope is used for drawing a third cable way or a traction rope; the flying recovery protection rope is connected with the mooring rigging through the quick release ring.

6. The system for inspecting and maintaining the reflection surface of the giant radio telescope of claim 1, wherein a safety unit is disposed on the sphere, and the safety unit comprises: an air valve and a pressure measurement assembly; the air valve is arranged at the bottom of the auxiliary air bag, the air valve has a self-sealing function under the pressure of 700Pa of the auxiliary air bag, and when the pressure on two sides of a valve core of the air valve is greater than a preset threshold value, the valve core is automatically opened under the action of the pressure to release partial air in the auxiliary air bag; the pressure measuring assembly is arranged on the work clothes and used for monitoring the pressure of the main airbag.

7. The system for inspecting and maintaining the reflection surface of the giant radio telescope of claim 1, wherein the cable collecting device comprises: the device comprises a cable collecting ring, a bearing seat, a thrust bearing, a rotary joint and a bearing seat end cover; 18 limiting pieces are uniformly distributed on the cable collecting ring to provide a connecting interface for the mooring rigging; the bearing seat is arranged at the center of the bottom of the cable collecting ring; the thrust bearing is arranged inside the bearing seat; the upper end of the rotary joint is arranged in the thrust bearing; the lower end of the rotary joint is connected with the operation clothes through a hanging rigging.

8. The system for inspecting and maintaining the reflection surface of the giant radio telescope of claim 1, wherein the weight unit comprises: fly to retrieve counter weight and counter weight water tank, fly to retrieve the counter weight and adopt the sand bag, the counter weight water tank adopts the counter weight water tank.

9. The system for inspecting and maintaining the reflective surface of a giant radio telescope of claim 1, wherein the mooring rigging is a nylon rope; the anchoring rigging adopts a two-section structure, and the upper section is connected with the lower section through a quick release ring; the upper end of the anchoring rigging is connected with an anchoring bow tie; the lower end of the anchoring rigging is connected with ground anchoring equipment.

10. The system for inspecting and maintaining the reflective surface of a giant radio telescope of claim 1, wherein said mooring rope is a nylon rope; the upper end of the mooring rigging is connected with the mooring bowknot, and the lower end of the mooring rigging is connected with the rope collecting device.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of maintenance of reflecting surfaces of giant radio telescopes, in particular to a system for checking and maintaining the reflecting surfaces of the giant radio telescopes.

Background

The Spherical radio telescope (FAST) with the Aperture of 500 meters is a major scientific device in the fifteen seasons of China, and is the single-Aperture radio telescope which is the biggest in the world and is the most sensitive in the observation frequency range. The telescope system comprises a site excavation and base construction system, an active reflecting surface system, a feed source supporting system, a measuring and controlling system, a receiver, a terminal system and the like.

The FAST active reflecting surface system is a huge project and comprises an equipment foundation, a ring beam lattice column, a cable net, an actuator, a reflecting surface unit and the like. Wherein the ring beam lattice column is a main body bearing truss structure of the cable net; 2225 hydraulic actuators can drive the cable net to realize active deformation through cooperative control, so that the 4450 reflection surface unit panels connected to the cable net are driven to be converted from spherical fitting to paraboloidal fitting, and the real-time focusing function of the telescope on electric wave signals in a specific direction is completed. The cable net comprises 6670 main cables, 2225 cable net node disks and 2225 inhaul cables, and is a key component of the reflecting surface capable of realizing active deformation fitting. Each reflecting surface unit has the side length of about 11 meters and the weight of about 480 kilograms, is of an all-aluminum alloy structure, is fixedly connected with the corresponding node disc through connecting mechanisms at 3 end parts respectively, and can freely slide on the node disc, so that additional internal force generated inside the unit structure when the cable net deforms is avoided.

23 measurement foundation piers belonging to a measurement and control system are built in the caliber range of the reflecting surface, and a measurement target is installed in the center of each cable net node disc. Each base pier is provided with 2 laser total stations for measuring the surface shape precision of the reflecting surface, so that the active deformation of the reflecting surface can be controlled conveniently. Each measuring base pier is exposed out of the reflecting surface by 1-5 m, the diameter of an operating platform at the top of each measuring base pier is about 2.7 m, and the edge of each measuring base pier is provided with a guardrail with the height of 0.9 m and welded by a steel pipe. The FAST active reflecting surface system has huge span, a plurality of related parts and numerous and various types, the cable net and the reflecting surface unit are suspended at high altitude, the vertical height from the ground is more than 4 meters, and the edge area is even more than 50 meters. Such a large and complex mechanical structure system will face extremely serious challenges in the operation and maintenance of the telescope in the future. Particularly, 6670 main ropes and 2225 node disks forming the cable net bear reciprocating fatigue loading at high altitude, and 4450 reflection surface units fixed with the cable net node disks through the connecting mechanisms also slide in a reciprocating mode on the node disks. The states of the key components need to be regularly checked, the structural health state and the mechanism lubrication state of the key components are known, and the key components are regularly maintained so as to avoid the condition that the components fail. In addition, the measurement targets at the center of each node disk degrade over time and require periodic replacement. Because the reflecting surface unit is light and cannot bear the weight of an adult, and the inclination angle of the edge unit reaches 60 degrees, an inspection operator cannot directly work in a close range close to an area (such as a cable net node disc) needing to work. Some existing devices, such as various cranes and lifting robots, are constrained by site terrain and reflecting surface span, or cannot be used, or have extremely low efficiency, and cannot efficiently complete the 'FAST reflecting surface inspection and maintenance', which is a heavy task and requires overcoming technical difficulties.

The information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a system for inspecting and maintaining the reflection surface of a giant radio telescope, which aims to solve the technical problems in the prior art.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the invention provides a system for inspecting and maintaining the reflection surface of a giant radio telescope, which comprises: a plurality of microgravity spiders and cableway building mechanisms;

the microgravity spider man includes: the device comprises a ball body, an air inflation and deflation unit, a cable collecting device and a hanging cable tool; the sphere includes: the main airbag, the auxiliary airbag, the anchoring rigging, the mooring rigging, the anchoring bow tie, the mooring bow tie, the collision protection belt and the observation window; helium is filled in the main airbag, the auxiliary airbag is arranged in the main airbag, air is filled in the auxiliary airbag, 9 mooring bowties are arranged at intervals on the lower portion of the outer side of the main airbag in the circumferential direction, the upper ends of the mooring riggings are respectively connected with the corresponding mooring bowties, and the lower ends of the mooring riggings are connected with a rope collecting device; 6 anchoring bowties are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction in the middle of the outer side of the main airbag, and the upper ends of the anchoring riggings are respectively connected with the corresponding anchoring bowties; the collision protection belts are arranged in the middle and at the lower part of the main airbag; the observation window is arranged on the outer side of the main airbag; the air inflation and deflation unit comprises: the helium filling port of the main air bag is arranged at the middle lower part of the main air bag and is used as an interface for filling and discharging helium gas into the main air bag; the auxiliary air bag inflation port is arranged at the bottom of the main air bag and is used as an air inflation and deflation port of the auxiliary air bag; one end of the hanging rigging is connected with the cable collecting device, and a counterweight unit is arranged on the cable collecting device;

the mechanism is built to cableway includes: the cable support column is respectively arranged at the inner ring position and the outer ring position of the ring beam, the pulley platform is arranged on the track of the ring beam, a straight ladder is arranged between the pulley platform and the ring beam fairway, one end of the first cable way is connected with the cable support column on the outer ring of the ring beam, the other end of the first cable way is anchored on the concrete platform, the second cable way is built between the two cable support columns, one end of the third cable way is connected with the cable support column on the inner ring of the ring beam, the other end of the third cable way is fixed on a measuring foundation pier in the reflecting surface, and the hanging cable of the micro-gravity spider man can be respectively detachably connected with the first cable way, the second cable way and the third cable way.

As a further technical proposal, the inspection and maintenance system for the reflection surface of the giant radio telescope also comprises a three-way traction device; the three-way traction apparatus comprises: the device comprises three traction cables and three winches, wherein the three winches are respectively fixed on three measuring foundation piers, the three traction cables are used for being connected with anchoring riggings on the ball body, free ends of the traction cables are respectively connected with the winches on the three measuring foundation piers, and the winches are used for controlling the lengths of the three traction cables to realize auxiliary movement of the ball body or limit movement of the ball body.

As a further technical proposal, the inspection and maintenance system for the reflection surface of the giant radio telescope also comprises an air charging and exhausting device; the charge and exhaust apparatus includes: the device comprises an inflation pipeline and an inflation and air pumping machine, wherein the inflation pipeline comprises a high-pressure hose, an adapter and a quick-assembly inflation pipe which are sequentially connected; when helium is filled in the erecting process or helium is filled in the working process, one end of the high-pressure hose is connected with the helium containing grid, and the fast-assembling inflation tube is connected with the helium filling port of the spherical air bag to perform corresponding inflation action; when air needs to be supplemented to the auxiliary air bag in the working process, the fast-assembling inflation tube is independently detached and is butted with an air inflation pump and an inflation inlet of the auxiliary air bag, so that the function of supplementing air to the auxiliary air bag is realized; when the air bag is removed, the fast-assembling inflation tube is in butt joint with the air filling pump and the helium filling port of the main air bag so as to realize the vacuumizing of the main air bag.

As a further technical proposal, the inspection and maintenance system for the reflection surface of the giant radio telescope also comprises ground anchoring equipment; the ground anchoring device comprises: the ground anchor is uniformly distributed on the annular ground with the diameter of 11m, the ball body base is positioned under the ball body, and the part of the upper part of the ball body, which is contacted with the ball body, is smooth and burr-free.

As a further technical proposal, the inspection and maintenance system for the reflection surface of the giant radio telescope also comprises a flying recovery device; the flying recovery apparatus includes: the system comprises a cableway pulley, a ground winch, an unmanned aerial vehicle and a flying recovery protection rope; the cableway pulley is a moving tool for a sphere on the cableway, and a hook is arranged on the cableway pulley and can be connected with a hanging rigging for the sphere; the ground winch is arranged around the erection point and used for storing, releasing and recovering the ropeway and the flying recovery protection rope; the unmanned aerial vehicle is transportation equipment of a traction rope, and the traction rope is used for drawing a third cable way or a traction rope; the flying recovery protection rope is connected with the mooring rigging through the quick release ring.

As a further technical solution, a safety unit is disposed on the ball, and the safety unit includes: an air valve and a pressure measurement assembly; the air valve is arranged at the bottom of the auxiliary air bag, the air valve has a self-sealing function under the pressure of 700Pa of the auxiliary air bag, and when the pressure on two sides of a valve core of the air valve is greater than a preset threshold value, the valve core is automatically opened under the action of the pressure to release partial air in the auxiliary air bag; the pressure measuring assembly is arranged on the work clothes and used for monitoring the pressure of the main airbag.

As a further technical solution, the cable collecting device includes: the device comprises a cable collecting ring, a bearing seat, a thrust bearing, a rotary joint and a bearing seat end cover; 18 limiting pieces are uniformly distributed on the cable collecting ring to provide a connecting interface for the mooring rigging; the bearing seat is arranged at the center of the bottom of the cable collecting ring; the thrust bearing is arranged inside the bearing seat; the upper end of the rotary joint is arranged in the thrust bearing; the lower end of the rotary joint is connected with the operation clothes through a hanging rigging.

As a further technical solution, the counterweight unit includes: fly to retrieve counter weight and counter weight water tank, fly to retrieve the counter weight and adopt the sand bag, the counter weight water tank adopts the counter weight water tank.

As a further technical scheme, the anchoring rigging adopts a nylon wire rope; the anchoring rigging adopts a two-section structure, and the upper section is connected with the lower section through a quick release ring; the upper end of the anchoring rigging is connected with an anchoring bow tie; the lower end of the anchoring rigging is connected with ground anchoring equipment.

As a further technical scheme, the mooring rigging adopts a nylon rope; the upper end of the mooring rigging is connected with the mooring bowknot, and the lower end of the mooring rigging is connected with the rope collecting device.

By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

the invention provides a huge radio telescope reflection surface inspection maintenance system, which can meet the requirements of high efficiency, light weight, no damage to a reflection surface unit panel, capability of enabling an operator to inspect reflection surface unit panels, cable net node discs, reflection surface unit connecting mechanisms, measuring targets and other parts needing to be inspected in a short distance from the upper surface of a reflection surface, and carrying necessary tools to carry out necessary manual maintenance on the parts and the parts, thereby realizing the relatively reliable inspection and maintenance of the reflection surface of the huge radio telescope.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for inspecting and maintaining a reflective surface of a giant radio telescope according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a cableway construction mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view of a system for inspecting and maintaining a reflective surface of a giant radio telescope according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic view illustrating a fixed state of a microgravity spider-man device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a microgravity spider-man device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the attachment of the panels of the main airbag according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the attachment of the panels of the ballonet according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a skirt attachment arrangement provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a bow tie according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of a transparent window according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 11 is a schematic view of a foot bearing plate assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 12 is a schematic view of a leg bearing plate assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 13 is a schematic view of a forearm bearing plate assembly according to an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 14 is a schematic view of a microgravity spider man wearing forearms, legs, and foot-bearing plates according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Icon: 1-sphere; 2-mooring rigging; 3-mooring rigging; 4-a counterweight unit; 5-a cable collecting device; 6-hanging rigging; 7-small nest box concrete ground; 8-ground tripod; 9-main airbag; 10-ballonet; 11-collision protection belt; 12-homework clothes; 13-heat sealing strips; 14-a sealing strip; 15-cutting the pieces; 16-skirt edge; 17-a bow tie; 18-a viewing window; 20-microgravity spider; 21-a first cableway; 22-a second cableway; 23-a third cableway; 24-a sled platform; 25-measuring a base pier; 26-ring beam; 27-a feed source support tower; 28-lattice columns; 29-cable support columns; 30-a straight ladder; 31-a reflective surface; 32-ankle ligament; 33-front instep lace; 34-toe and front foot surface bearing plates; 35-a sole plate; 36-bearing plate; 37-front frenulum; 38-posterior frenum; 39-posterior frenulum; 40-front frenulum; 41-bearing plate.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the present invention, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, not limitation.