阅读说明：本技术 一种手扶自走式单行青菜头收获机 (Hand-held self-propelled single-row green vegetable head harvester ) 是由 肖宏儒 蒋清海 宋志禹 金月 杨光 夏先飞 梅松 张健飞 姚森 于 2019-11-07 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种手扶自走式单行青菜头收获机,属于农业机械技术领域。该机包括仿形调节装置、V形切根装置、三向夹持输送装置、除叶装置和机架。机架前部两侧支撑于仿形调节装置的前置仿形轮,两前置仿形轮之间装有V形切根装置；V形切根装置的后侧与三向夹持输送装置衔接,三向夹持输送装置的后端装有除叶装置。本发明采用先扶叶、后原地切根、再进行三向夹持输送的收获方式,有效避免了先切叶后切割导致的植株倒伏、以及先拔取后切根导致的茎叶断裂,妥善解决了因青菜头瘤状茎形状特异且尺寸差异大、结球位置低而使现有技术普遍存在的易壅土拥堵、茎叶易断、难以直接拔取等诸多收获难题。(The invention relates to a hand-held self-propelled single-row green vegetable head harvester, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery. The machine comprises a profiling adjusting device, a V-shaped root cutting device, a three-way clamping and conveying device, a leaf removing device and a machine frame. Two sides of the front part of the frame are supported on front profiling wheels of the profiling adjusting device, and a V-shaped root cutting device is arranged between the two front profiling wheels; the rear side of the V-shaped root cutting device is connected with the three-way clamping and conveying device, and the rear end of the three-way clamping and conveying device is provided with a leaf removing device. The harvesting method of firstly holding leaves, then cutting roots in situ and then clamping and conveying in three directions is adopted, so that plant lodging caused by cutting leaves firstly and then cutting and stem and leaf breakage caused by pulling firstly and then cutting roots are effectively avoided, and a plurality of harvesting problems of easy hilling and congestion, easy stem and leaf breakage, difficult direct pulling and the like commonly existing in the prior art due to the specific shape and large size difference of the cauliflower head nodose position are properly solved.)

1. The utility model provides a hand self-propelled single-row green vegetable head harvester, includes frame (5), its characterized in that: two sides of the front part of the frame are supported on front profiling wheels (1-1) of a profiling adjusting device (1), and a V-shaped root cutting device (2) is arranged between the two front profiling wheels;

the V-shaped root cutting device comprises a flat blade disc cutter (2-8) and a sawtooth disc cutter (2-9) which are respectively positioned at the lower end of a mounting shaft of the two motor-driven cutters, the inner sides of the flat blade disc cutter and the sawtooth disc cutter are declined to form a V shape, and the edge of the flat blade disc cutter touches the upper surface of the sawtooth disc cutter;

the rear side of the V-shaped root cutting device is connected with a three-way clamping and conveying device (3), the three-way clamping and conveying device comprises a front low rear high bottom lifting conveyor belt (3-5) which is connected with the rear side of the flat-edge disc cutter and the sawtooth disc cutter, and front low rear high leaf clamping conveyor belts (3-3) of which the front ends are splayed flaring ends and respectively extend to the two sides above the flat-edge disc cutter and the sawtooth disc cutter, the two leaf clamping conveyor belts respectively surround a driving roller and a group of tensioning rollers (3-2) driven by a conveying motor (3-7) to form a clamping and conveying channel, and a nodular-shaped stem accommodating interval is arranged between the lower edges of the bottom lifting conveyor belt and the leaf clamping conveyor belts;

three-dimensional centre gripping conveyor's rear end is equipped with except that leaf device (4), it contains a pair of rotary cutting face and is located press from both sides under the leaf conveyer belt and be on a parallel with lift conveyer belt direction of delivery cut leaf circular knife (4-1), the back top of cutting the leaf circular knife is equipped with from top to bottom and arranges and take the area nail stator conveyer belt (4-2) of face interval distribution spike tooth, the direction of rotation of taking the nail stator conveyer belt is perpendicular to lift conveyer belt direction of delivery, the vegetable leaf that the both ends of taking the nail stator conveyer belt were equipped with respectively and are pressed between the spike tooth from top to bottom takes off the nail bullet reed, the back below of taking the nail stator conveyer belt is equipped with a pair of helical roll (4-6) around having the helical piece and a pair of external tooth meshing except that leaf roll (4-7) under last.

2. The walking self-propelled single row vegetable head harvester of claim 1, characterized in that: and a multi-fingered impeller which rotates along with the tension roller is arranged at the upper end of the tension roller at the front end of the splayed flaring.

3. The walking self-propelled single row vegetable head harvester of claim 2, characterized in that: the upper part of the leaf clamping conveyor belts at the two sides is provided with a leaf and stem guide cover plate of which the guide groove is formed by baffle plates at the two sides.

4. A walking self-propelled single row head harvester for green vegetables according to claim 3, characterised in that: the frame includes the back frame that supports on controlling the walking wheel, the back lower extreme of preceding frame is adorned to the hinge on the back frame, and the preceding lower part of back frame hinges the well lower part of propping up preceding frame through telescopic push rod.

5. The walking self-propelled single row vegetable head harvester of claim 4, wherein: the ratio of the distance from the traveling wheel to the center of gravity to the distance from the front profile wheel to the center of gravity is 1: 4 +/-0.2, and the center of gravity is positioned between the travelling wheel and the front profiling wheel.

6. The walking self-propelled single row vegetable head harvester of claim 5, wherein: the front profiling wheel is arranged on the rack through a profile modeling adjusting rod with adjustable lifting.

7. The walking self-propelled single row vegetable head harvester of claim 6, wherein: and one side of the two sides of the triangular sawtooth cutting edge of the sawtooth disk cutting knife towards the rotating direction is in a radial extension direction.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a soil surface nodulation vegetable harvester with stems and leaves, in particular to a hand-held self-propelled single-row vegetable head harvester, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery.

Background

The famous Brassica napobrassica (L.) Moench is the main raw material for making Fuling hot pickled mustard tuber. The harvesting of the head of the green vegetables always mainly adopts manual harvesting, has high labor intensity and low working efficiency, and seriously influences the yield, the quality and the economic benefit of the preserved szechuan pickle. The reason why the mechanized harvesting of the vegetable heads is difficult to realize is the unique growth characteristics of the vegetable heads. Firstly, the fibrous root of the head of the green vegetable is developed, and the stem and the leaf are fragile and easy to break, so that the harvesting mode of firstly pulling and then cutting the root is difficult to realize; secondly, the nodular stems have the characteristics of large size difference, specific growth shape and the like, so that the difficulty in clamping and harvesting the nodular stems is increased sharply; the cauliflower head nodulation stems grow to different heights, and the bottom of part of the cauliflower head nodulation stems is 2-3cm lower than the soil surface; resulting in too high position of the cutting root of the nodular stem or too large resistance in the process of cutting the root by entering soil.

As can be seen from the above, the chinese patent application No. 201910252863.0 discloses a harvesting machine for harvesting vegetable heads, which includes a harvesting mechanism for harvesting vegetable heads, a self-propelled chassis with a loading box, and a suspension adjustment mechanism for connecting the self-propelled chassis and the harvesting mechanism and for adjusting the angle of the harvesting mechanism. Because the roots are cut by penetrating into the soil through the V-shaped cutter, the damage to the vegetable heads in the harvesting process can be reduced according to introduction, the requirements on the planting environment of the vegetable heads are low, ridging is not needed, the requirement on the flatness of soil blocks is not high, and the quality requirements of the commercial vegetable heads can be directly met without secondary processing of the vegetable heads after harvesting through secondary root cutting and defoliation. However, studies have shown that it has the following problems: 1) the action effects of the V-shaped cutter formed by only opening the V-shaped opening on the fixed cutter and the plain cutter are not greatly different, and the V-shaped cutter and the plain cutter are fixed cutters without power input, and the whole cutter edge is buried into soil and cut roots in the working process, so that the root cutting resistance is large, the soil is heaped up and blocked, plants are pushed down, and secondary root cutting is needed; 2) according to the test results of Xue Yuanpeng, Chenjunjie, leafing, and the like, study on physical and mechanical properties of the head of green vegetables [ J ]. university of southwest student (Nature science edition), 2017, 39(2):147 cake 152. the stem and leaf of the head of green vegetables have less fiber content and more moisture and are easy to break, so that the stem and leaf are easy to break due to the fact that the stem and leaf are pulled out after soil breaking and then cut for the second time, and the harvester is blocked; 3) due to the special shape and large size difference of the nodular stem, reliable conveying of the vegetable heads cannot be realized by the clamping belts and the conveying belts on the two sides.

Secondly, chinese patent application No. 201610521653.3 proposes a tuber mustard harvester, which comprises a main frame, wherein the main frame is provided with a power device, a clamping and pulling device and a front-mounted disc root cutting device; the power device is arranged at the rear part of the main frame and comprises a power assembly, the power assembly is connected with a belt pulley on the reduction gearbox through a belt, a first output shaft is arranged on the reduction gearbox, a first chain disc is arranged on the first output shaft and connected with a second chain disc through a first chain, and the second chain disc is arranged on an input shaft of the clutch assembly. This machine is pulled out the device through the centre gripping and is accomplished the preserved szechuan pickle results with leading disc root cutting device, can accomplish the preserved szechuan pickle results in hills mountain area plots to can once only accomplish and cut the root of a vegetable, still have following problem: 1) the clamping realized by the spokes and the clamping belts on the middle bracket is very easy to cause the stem leaves of the vegetable head to be rubbed, broken and broken in the conveying process for the vegetable head with less stem leaf fiber content, more moisture and easy breakage; 2) the root of the preserved szechuan pickle is cut off by adopting a single toothed cutter head to cut into soil, so that the root cutting resistance is high, the green vegetable head is easy to fall on one side, soil is heaped up and blocked, secondary root cutting is required, and the single toothed cutter head can cause overlarge depth of the soil entering into the root cutting or incomplete root cutting; 3) a large amount of stem leaves of the green vegetable heads are directly pushed to a fixed cutter without power input under the extrusion and gathering effects of a clamping belt, the situation that the stem leaves cannot be cut off smoothly by the cutter is easy to occur, and then a large amount of stem leaves are blocked at the position, so that the harvesting process of the green vegetable heads cannot be carried out smoothly.

Further, chinese patent application No. 201810967933.6 proposes a mustard harvester including: a power assembly, a harvesting assembly mounted on the power assembly, the harvesting assembly being driven by the power assembly to move linearly forwards or backwards; the harvesting assembly includes: the vegetable leaf cutting device is arranged in a suspended mode and is positioned at the forefront of the preserved vegetable harvesting machine; the vegetable stem cutting and conveying device is used for cutting off and conveying the vegetable stems. The method is characterized in that the stem and leaf of the tuber mustard are cut off by a front leaf cutting assembly and then cut into roots by a reciprocating cutter for harvesting, and the method has the following problems: 1) the overall shape of the nodular stem is approximately spherical or ellipsoidal, so when the vegetable head is harvested by firstly cutting leaves and then cutting off the vegetable stem, the root of the vegetable head is difficult to cut off by a reciprocating cutter which is only close to the front of the lower bearing bottom plate after the upper stem leaves are cut off, and the plant is easy to fall; 2) because the bottom of the nodular stem of the vegetable head is close to the soil surface, and part of the nodular stem is even slightly sunk in the soil surface, the reciprocating cutter does not have a proper cutting position in practice, and the cutter is contacted with the middle lower part of the nodular stem when the position is too high, so that the nodular stem is seriously damaged; if the position is too low, the cutter is cut into the soil surface, so that the cutting resistance is huge, the cutter is very easy to damage, and meanwhile, the condition of soil accumulation caused by bulldozing is directly caused, so that the harvesting process is interrupted.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to: aiming at the problems of soil heaping, plant lodging and stem and leaf breakage commonly existing in the prior art, the walking self-propelled single-row green vegetable head harvester which has good adaptability and can effectively avoid the phenomena of green vegetable head lodging, breakage and the like so as to ensure the harvesting quality is provided.

In order to achieve the aim, the basic technical scheme of the walking self-propelled single-row green vegetable head harvester is as follows: the device comprises a frame, wherein two sides of the front part of the frame are supported on front profiling wheels of a profiling adjusting device, and a V-shaped root cutting device is arranged between the two front profiling wheels;

the V-shaped root cutting device comprises a flat blade disc cutter and a sawtooth disc cutter which are respectively positioned at the lower end of a mounting shaft of the two motor-driven cutters, the inner sides of the flat blade disc cutter and the sawtooth disc cutter are declined to form a V shape, and the edge of the flat blade disc cutter touches the upper surface of the sawtooth disc cutter;

the rear side of the V-shaped root cutting device is connected with a three-way clamping and conveying device, the three-way clamping and conveying device comprises a front low rear high bottom lifting conveyor belt which is connected with the rear side of the flat-blade disc cutter and the rear side of the sawtooth disc cutter, and two front low rear high leaf clamping conveyor belts, the front ends of which are splayed flaring ends and extend to the two sides above the flat-blade disc cutter and the sawtooth disc cutter respectively, the two leaf clamping conveyor belts surround a driving roller and a group of tensioning rollers driven by a conveying motor respectively to form a clamping and conveying channel, and a nodular-shaped stem holding interval is arranged between the lower edge of the bottom lifting conveyor belt and the lower edge of the leaf clamping conveyor belt;

three-dimensional centre gripping conveyor's rear end is equipped with except that leaf device, it contains a pair of rotary cutting plane and is located press from both sides under the leaf conveyer belt and be on a parallel with lift conveyer belt direction of delivery cut leaf circular disc sword, the back top of cutting leaf circular disc sword is equipped with from top to bottom and arranges and take the area nail stator conveyer belt of area face interval distribution spike tooth, the direction of rotation perpendicular to of taking nail stator conveyer belt lift conveyer belt direction of delivery, the both ends of taking nail stator conveyer belt are equipped with respectively and press the vegetable leaf of holding between the spike tooth from top to bottom and take off nail bullet reed, the back below of taking nail stator conveyer belt is equipped with at last a pair of helical roll around having the helical piece and a pair of external tooth meshing except that the leaf roller under.

The V-shaped root cutting device designed by the invention is characterized in that the flat-blade disc cutter and the sawtooth disc cutter are distributed in a V shape in space, cutting is carried out from two sides of the bottom of the nodular stem of the head of the green vegetable near the soil surface, the flat-blade disc cutter is slightly attached to the upper surface of the sawtooth disc cutter, and the position of a cutter head is obviously higher than that of a horizontal reciprocating cutter, so that the root cutting operation can be effectively finished under the condition of not cutting into the soil surface or partially cutting into the soil surface, and the reliability of completely cutting off the root of the head of the green vegetable is ensured; the V-shaped openings are distributed, so that enough space is reserved above the V-shaped openings, the damage of the cutter head to the nodular stems is effectively avoided, and the completeness of harvesting the green vegetable heads is ensured.

During harvesting operation, the two V-shaped distributed disk cutters contour and fluctuate along with the movement, so that the contact area between the cutting and the soil is effectively reduced, soil pushing and hilling are avoided, the energy consumption is reduced, and the cutting edge of the sawtooth cutter disc is beneficial to ensuring the automatic feeding in the root cutting process; after cutting the root, the three-dimensional centre gripping is carried and is carried the first stem leaf centre gripping conveyer belt of green vegetables on upper portion and the conveyer belt is lifted to the bottom and lift mutually to cooperate and carry the first plant of green vegetables to the centre gripping of upper back in the speed of relatively unanimity, properly solved the problem that the nodular stem shape is specific and size difference is big, is showing simultaneously and has reduced the effort to the first stem leaf of green vegetables, therefore has avoided the fracture of first stem leaf of green vegetables, has guaranteed the smooth and easy of results process. After that, the leaf cutting disc cutter is driven by a corresponding motor, the continuity and the reliability of the leaf cutting process are guaranteed, the cut stem leaves are continuously conveyed to a guide vane conveyor belt with nails at the rear part through a leaf clamping conveyor belt to be uniformly collected to one side or returned to the field, while the green vegetable heads after the stem leaves are cut off enter the rear part to be subjected to secondary leaf removing operation, roll backwards under the action of a spiral roller, and complete secondary leaf removing operation under the action of a second-stage leaf removing roller. Finally, the head plants of the green vegetables are output after a series of procedures of root cutting, clamping conveying, primary leaf cutting, secondary leaf removing and the like, and are directly used as the processing raw materials of the preserved szechuan pickle.

The invention designs a hand-held self-propelled single-row green vegetable head harvester integrating the functions of root cutting, conveying, leaf removing, collecting and the like aiming at the unique growth characteristics of green vegetable heads, and compared with the prior art, the harvesting mode of firstly holding leaves and then cutting roots in situ and then clamping and conveying in three directions is adopted, thereby effectively avoiding the lodging of plants caused by cutting leaves firstly and then cutting and the breakage of stems and leaves caused by pulling and then cutting roots firstly, and properly solving the harvesting problems of easy hilling congestion, easy breakage of stems and leaves, difficult direct pulling and the like commonly existing in the prior art due to the specific shape and large size difference of the nodular stem of the green vegetable head and low nodulation position.

The invention is further perfected in that a multi-fingered impeller rotating along with the tension roller is arranged at the upper end of the tension roller at the front end of the splayed flaring.

The invention is further perfected in that a leaf and stem guide cover plate with guide grooves formed by two side baffles is arranged above the leaf clamping conveyor belts at two sides.

The invention further perfects that the rack comprises a rear rack supported on the left and right travelling wheels, the rear lower end of the front rack is hinged on the rear rack, and the front lower part of the rear rack is hinged with the middle lower part of the front rack through a telescopic push rod.

The invention is further perfected in that the ratio of the distance from the walking wheel to the gravity center to the distance from the front profiling wheel to the gravity center is 1: 4 +/-0.2, and the center of gravity is positioned between the travelling wheel and the front profiling wheel.

The invention is further perfected in that the front profiling wheel is arranged on the frame through a profile adjusting rod which can be adjusted in a lifting way.

The invention is still further perfected in that one side of two sides of the triangular sawtooth cutting edge of the sawtooth disk cutting knife towards the rotating direction is in a radial extension direction.

Drawings

The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and examples.

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic plan projection structure of the embodiment of fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a side view of fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a top view of fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is a schematic perspective exploded view of fig. 1.

Detailed Description

The specific structure of the walking self-propelled single-row green vegetable head harvester of the embodiment is shown in fig. 1 to 5, and comprises a profile modeling adjusting device 1, a V-shaped root cutting device 2, a three-way clamping and conveying device 3, a leaf removing device 4 and a rack 5.

The frame 5 comprises a rear frame 5-3 supported on a left traveling wheel 5-4 and a right traveling wheel 5-4, the rear frame 5-3 is hinged with the rear lower end of the front frame 5-1, the front lower part of the rear frame 5-3 is hinged with the middle lower part of the front frame 5-1 through an electric push rod 5-2, the middle part of the rear frame 5-3 is provided with a handrail 5-5 extending towards the upper rear part, the rear part is provided with a driving battery 5-7 and a green vegetable head collecting box 5-8, and the handrail 5-5 is provided with a control panel 5-6. Because the front frame 5-1 is connected with the rear frame 5-3 through the electric push rod 5-2, the inclination angle of the front frame 5-1 can be adjusted by changing the extension length of the electric push rod 5-2, so that the flat blade disc cutter 2-8 and the sawtooth disc cutter 2-9 in the V-shaped root cutting device 2 are basically parallel to the advancing direction, the bulldozing phenomenon is effectively avoided, and the energy consumption in the root cutting process is reduced; in addition, the traveling wheels 5-4 are arranged on the rear frame 5-3, so that the gravity center of the whole machine is positioned between the traveling wheels 5-4 and the front profiling wheels 1-1, the distance between the gravity center and the traveling wheels 5-4 is obviously smaller than that between the gravity center and the front profiling wheels 1-1, and the distance ratio between the two is 1: 4 +/-0.2, so that the load of the front profiling wheel 1-1 in the process of traveling is small, and the fluctuation change condition of the surface can be fully reflected. During operation, an operator adjusts the advancing direction of the harvester through the handrails 5-5, the start and stop of each motor of the whole harvester are controlled by the control panels 5-6, and the power supply of the whole harvester is provided by the driving batteries 5-7.

The profile modeling adjusting device 1 is mainly composed of front profile modeling wheels 1-1 which are supported on two sides of the front part of a frame 5 through a profile modeling adjusting rod 1-2 which can be adjusted in a lifting way. Because the front profiling wheel 1-1 on the profiling adjusting device 1, the flat-blade disc cutter 2-8 and the sawtooth disc cutter 2-9 are basically on the same vertical surface, the ground clearance of the cutters can be automatically adjusted according to the fluctuation condition of the soil surface, and the root cutting position is ensured to be consistent.

A V-shaped root cutting device 2 is arranged between the two front profiling wheels 1-1, and the V-shaped root cutting device 2 comprises a disrotatory flat-edge disc cutter 2-8 and a sawtooth disc cutter 2-9 which are respectively positioned below cutter mounting pressure discs 2-7 at the lower ends of two cutter mounting shafts 2-5; the cutting knife mounting shaft 2-5 is supported in a cutting knife aligning bearing seat 2-6 arranged on the frame 5 and is in transmission connection with a cutting knife driving motor 2-1 through a transmission mechanism consisting of a cutting knife driving chain wheel 2-2, a cutting knife driving chain 2-3 and a cutting knife driven chain wheel 2-4; the inner sides of the flat blade disc cutters 2-8 and the sawtooth disc cutters 2-9 are declined and overlapped, and one side of the two sides of the triangular sawtooth cutting edges of the sawtooth disc cutters 2-9 facing the rotating direction is in the radial extension direction, so that feeding is facilitated. Because the flat-blade disc cutters 2-8 and the sawtooth disc cutters 2-9 on the V-shaped root cutting device 2 are distributed in a V shape with the inner side declining downwards, the included angle can be adjusted within the range of 120-180 degrees according to the size of the nodular stem of the green vegetable head and the height from the ground, the sawtooth cutting edges of the sawtooth disc cutters 2-9 not only have the cutting function, but also ensure the automatic feeding in the root cutting process, the outer edges of the flat-blade disc cutters 2-8 are slightly attached to the upper surfaces of the sawtooth disc cutters 2-9, and the root cutting process can smoothly and completely cut off the roots of the green vegetable head.

The rear side of the V-shaped root cutting device 2 is connected with a three-way clamping and conveying device 3, the three-way clamping and conveying device 3 comprises a front low rear high bottom lifting conveyor belt 3-5 which is connected with the rear sides of a flat-blade disc cutter 2-8 and a sawtooth disc cutter 2-9, is arranged on a bottom conveyor belt mounting frame 3-4, and a front low rear high leaf clamping conveyor belt 3-3 of which the splayed flaring at the front end extends to two sides above the flat-blade disc cutter 2-8 and the sawtooth disc cutter 2-9, and the leaf clamping conveyor belts 3-3 at two sides respectively surround a driving roller driven by a conveying motor 3-7 and a group of tensioning rollers 3-2 to form a clamping and conveying channel; a nodule-shaped stem holding interval is arranged between the bottom lifting conveyor belt 3-5 and the lower edge of the leaf clamping conveyor belt 3-3; the upper end of a tension roller 3-2 at the front end of the splayed flaring is provided with a three-finger stirring impeller 3-1 rotating along with the splayed flaring, and a leaf and stem guide cover plate 3-6 with a guide groove formed by baffles at two sides is arranged above the leaf clamping conveyor belts 3-3 at two sides.

The rear end of the three-way clamping conveying device 3 is provided with a leaf removing device 4, the leaf removing device 4 comprises a pair of leaf cutting circular disc cutters 4-1 which are respectively driven by a leaf removing cutter motor 4-4, the disc cutter planes of the two leaf cutting circular disc cutters 4-1 are positioned below the leaf clamping conveying belt 3-3 and are parallel to the conveying direction of the lifting conveying belt 3-5, the back upper part of the leaf cutting circular disc cutter 4-1 is provided with three nail-bearing guide vane conveying belts 4-2 which are driven by a guide vane conveying belt motor 4-5 and are spaced up and down, nail teeth are distributed on the nail-bearing guide vane conveying belt 4-2 at intervals, the rotating direction of the nail-bearing guide vane conveying belt is vertical to the conveying direction of the lifting conveying belt 3-5, two ends of the nail-bearing guide vane conveying belt 4-2 are respectively provided with a leaf nail removing spring leaf 4-3 which is pressed between the upper nail teeth and the lower nail-bearing guide vane conveying belt 4-2, the back lower part of And 4-7 of leaf rollers. A series of tensioning rollers 3-2 in the three-way clamping conveying device 3 support and tension the leaf clamping conveying belts 3-3 at two sides to form a bell mouth shape, so that when harvesting, stems and leaves with scattered vegetable heads are gathered under the action of a leaf shifting wheel 3-1 and guided to the bell mouth of the conveying belts, the stems and leaves of the vegetable heads are clamped by the leaf clamping conveying belts 3-3 at two sides, then the root cutting operation is completed by the V-shaped root cutting device 2, and the stems and leaves of the vegetable heads with completely cut roots are conveyed upwards along the leaf and stem guiding cover plates 3-6 under the three-way clamping action of the leaf clamping conveying belts 3-3 at two sides and the bottom lifting conveying belts 3-5; a first-stage leaf cutting circular disc cutter 4-1 arranged at the tail end of a leaf clamping conveyor belt 3-3 cuts most stem leaves of the green vegetable heads below the conveyor belt, the cut stem leaves are continuously hung backwards by a guide vane conveyor belt 4-2 with nails under the action of the leaf clamping conveyor belt 3-3, the cut stem leaves are conveyed to one side of the harvester along with the guide vane conveyor belt 4-2 with nails under the drive of a guide vane conveyor belt motor 4-5, fall off from the guide vane conveyor belt 4-2 with nails under the action of a leaf nail removal spring leaf 4-3, are effectively separated out and uniformly fall on one side of the harvester to be collected and subsequently processed; the green vegetable head with the stem and the leaf cut off by the leaf cutting disc cutter 4-1 enters the rear part to carry out secondary leaf removing operation, rolls backwards under the action of the spiral roller 4-6, and completes secondary leaf removing operation under the action of the second-stage leaf removing roller 4-7; finally, the plant of the green vegetable head falls into a green vegetable head collecting box 5-8 after a series of procedures of root cutting, clamping and conveying, primary leaf cutting, secondary leaf removing and the like, and can be directly used as a processing raw material of tuber mustard.

Before harvesting, firstly, a profiling wheel 1-1 on a profiling adjusting device 1 is adjusted to enable a flat-blade disc cutter 2-8 and a sawtooth disc cutter 2-9 to be close to the bottom of the nodular-shaped stem, and a front profiling wheel 1-1, the flat-blade disc cutter 2-8 and a mounting shaft of the sawtooth disc cutter 2-9 are basically on the same vertical plane, so that the ground clearance of the cutters can be automatically adjusted according to the fluctuation of a soil surface, and the nodular-shaped stem cannot be damaged in the root cutting process; secondly, a control panel 5-6 is used for connecting a driving battery 5-7 to supply power to the whole machine, the rotating speed of a disc cutter 2-8 and a sawtooth disc cutter 2-9 is adjusted, the inclination angle of a front frame 5-1 is adjusted through an electric push rod 5-2, so that the flat-edge disc cutter 2-8 and the sawtooth disc cutter 2-9 in the V-shaped root cutting device 2 are basically coincided with the advancing direction, and the bulldozing condition is reduced to reduce the energy consumption in the root cutting process; adjusting the traveling speed of the traveling wheels 5-4 on the rear frame 5-3; the operator then adjusts the direction of travel of the harvester using the handrails 5-5.

When harvesting operation is started, the leaf pulling wheel 3-1 gathers stems and leaves of the green vegetable heads and guides the stems and leaves to the rear leaf clamping conveyor belt 3-3, the leaf clamping conveyor belt 3-3 is in a horn mouth shape under the action of a series of tensioning rollers 3-2, so that the stems and leaves of the green vegetable heads are conveniently guided and clamped, meanwhile, the outer edge of the flat-edge disc cutter 2-8 in the V-shaped root cutting device 2 is slightly attached to the upper surface of the sawtooth disc cutter 2-9, and the root of the green vegetable heads can be smoothly and completely cut off in the root cutting process; the cutting edges of the sawtooth disc cutters 2-9 are inward, so that a certain inward cutting force is provided in the root cutting process, the green vegetable heads are prevented from being pushed away by the cutter head and then falling down, and the automatic feeding performance and stability in the root cutting process are ensured; the cutting knives which are distributed in a V shape avoid excessive contact between the cutterhead and soil while ensuring the integrity of the root cutting, and also solve the problem that the fixed type blades bulldoze in the root cutting process. The head, stem and leaf of the green vegetable with the completely cut root are conveyed upwards along the leaf and stem guide cover plate 3-6 under the three-way clamping action of the leaf clamping conveyor belts 3-3 at the two sides and the bottom lifting conveyor belt 3-5; the operation mode of three-way clamping and conveying of the two sides of the stem leaves and the bottom of the nodular stem is selected, and the three-way clamping and conveying device clamps and conveys the plants of the head of the green vegetables backwards and upwards at relatively consistent speed from the two sides of the stem leaves and the bottom of the nodular stem, so that the harvesting problems of irregular shapes and large size differences of the nodular stem are ingeniously solved; according to the characteristic that the stem and leaves of the vegetable head are fragile and easy to break, the harvesting mode of firstly cutting roots and then conveying is adopted, the condition that the stem and leaves are pulled out and broken and the nodular stem is not pulled out is effectively avoided, and the complete picking rate of mechanical harvesting of the vegetable head is effectively guaranteed. The root-cut vegetable heads are conveyed upwards along the leaf and stem guide cover plate 3-6 under the action of three-way clamping, most stem leaves are cut off by a primary leaf-cutting circular disc cutter 4-1 arranged at the tail end of the leaf-clamping conveyor belt 3-3, the cut stem leaves are conveyed backwards continuously under the action of the leaf-clamping conveyor belt 3-3, then hung by the guide vane conveyor belt with nails 4-2 and conveyed to one side (the right side) of the harvester along with the guide vane conveyor belt with nails 4-2, and fall off from the guide vane conveyor belt with nails 4-2 under the action of the vegetable leaf nail-removing elastic spring 4-3, and uniformly fall on one side of the harvester for collection and subsequent treatment. The cabbage head which is used as the first-stage leaf cutting disc cutter 4-1 and is used for cutting off the stem leaves enters the rear part for secondary leaf removing operation, the cabbage head rolls backwards under the action of the spiral roller 4-6, secondary leaf removing operation is carried out under the action of the second-stage leaf removing roller 4-7, the stem leaves left on the whole body of the cabbage head are sequentially rolled into the leaf removing roller 4-7 to be completely removed in the rolling and propelling processes, and the leaf removing roller is provided with a certain elastic rubber edge, so that the stem leaves of the cabbage head can be rolled, clamped and removed without damaging the nodular stems of the cabbage head. The vegetable head plants fall into a vegetable head collecting box 5-8 after a series of procedures of root cutting, clamping and conveying, primary leaf cutting, secondary leaf removing and the like and are directly used as processing raw materials of preserved szechuan pickle.

In a word, the harvester for the green vegetable heads of the embodiment properly solves a plurality of harvesting problems which cannot be solved by the prior art, is suitable for the growth characteristics of the green vegetable heads, and can efficiently realize the mechanized harvesting of the green vegetable heads with high quality. In addition to the above embodiments, the present invention may have other embodiments. All equivalents and all changes that come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are to be embraced within their scope.