阅读说明：本技术 一种侧式入粉料顶吹炉及其处理方法 (Side type powder feeding top-blown furnace and treatment method thereof ) 是由 宋兴诚 唐都作 张璋 袁海滨 刘庆东 徐万立 张驰 王建伟 陈云 张瑜梅 于 2021-07-16 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种侧式入粉料顶吹炉及其处理方法,所述侧式入粉料顶吹炉包括：圆筒状炉体、粉状物料入炉喷嘴、炉顶样杆、顶吹炉喷枪、皮带输送进料口、分流输送管、定量气力输送装置、粉状物料汇集仓、粉状物料汇集仓进料口、炉顶盖；所述粉状物料入炉喷嘴对称设置在圆筒状炉体的炉壁四周,并处于同一水平面,所述粉状物料入炉喷嘴与炉壁呈45度角,喷嘴中心正对炉底中心线。本发明能够解决锡冶炼流程中,冶炼粉状锡物料存在的运输飞扬损失大、返料量大、操作环境差、危害操作人员身体健康等问题。(The invention discloses a side powder feeding top-blown furnace and a treatment method thereof, wherein the side powder feeding top-blown furnace comprises: the device comprises a cylindrical furnace body, a powdery material charging nozzle, a furnace top sample rod, a top-blown furnace spray gun, a belt conveying feed inlet, a split flow conveying pipe, a quantitative pneumatic conveying device, a powdery material collecting bin feed inlet and a furnace top cover; the powdery material charging nozzles are symmetrically arranged around the furnace wall of the cylindrical furnace body and are positioned on the same horizontal plane, the powdery material charging nozzles form an angle of 45 degrees with the furnace wall, and the centers of the nozzles are opposite to the center line of the furnace bottom. The invention can solve the problems of large transportation flying loss, large material returning amount, poor operation environment, harm to the health of operators and the like in the smelting process of tin for smelting powdery tin materials.)

1. A side-type powder feeding top-blown furnace is characterized by comprising: the device comprises a cylindrical furnace body (1), a powdery material charging nozzle (2), a furnace top sample rod (3), a top-blown furnace spray gun (4), a belt conveying feed inlet (5), a split-flow conveying pipe (6), a quantitative pneumatic conveying device (7), a powdery material collecting bin (8), a powdery material collecting bin feed inlet (9) and a furnace top cover (10);

the powdery material charging nozzles (2) are symmetrically arranged around the furnace wall of the cylindrical furnace body (1) and are positioned on the same horizontal plane, the powdery material charging nozzles (2) form an angle of 45 degrees with the furnace wall, and the centers of the nozzles are opposite to the center line of the furnace bottom;

a furnace top cover (10) is arranged at the top of the cylindrical furnace body (1), and the top-blown furnace spray gun (4) penetrates through the center of the furnace top cover (10) and extends into the bottom of the cylindrical furnace body (1); the furnace top sample rod (3) penetrates through the furnace top cover (10) and extends into the bottom of the cylindrical furnace body (1); the belt conveying feed inlet (5) is formed in the furnace top cover (10);

the powder material gathering device is characterized in that a powder material gathering bin feeding port (9) is formed in the top of the powder material gathering bin (8), the bottom of the powder material gathering bin (8) is communicated with a quantitative pneumatic conveying device (7), and the quantitative pneumatic conveying device (7) is communicated with a powder material furnace feeding nozzle (2) through a shunting conveying pipe (6).

2. The side-blown powder top-blown converter according to claim 1, wherein the vertical positions of the 2 opposite nozzles (2) for the introduction of the powdery material are set at the level of the slag line at which the intersection of the jets is at the maximum throughput of the top-blown converter.

3. The side type powder feeding top-blown furnace according to claim 1, wherein the powder material collecting bin feed inlets (9) receive powder tin materials and powder coal in different sections of a tin smelting process, and the powder material collecting bin feed inlets (9) correspond to powder materials from different sources respectively.

4. The side type powder feeding top-blown furnace according to claim 1, wherein the powder material collecting bin (8) is further provided with a DCS control system, and the powder material is fed into the powder material collecting bin (8) in a quantitative pneumatic conveying mode through setting unit time and conveying speed to complete material mixing.

5. The top-blown furnace for powder feeding of side type as claimed in claim 1, wherein the conveying speed of said quantitative pneumatic conveying device (7) is 10-35t/h and the conveying pressure is 0.6-0.9 MPa.

6. A treatment method of a side-type powder material top-blowing furnace is characterized by comprising the following specific steps: setting parameters of a DCS control system, sending the powdery tin smoke dust, the pulverized coal and the powdery tin calcine in different sections in the tin smelting process into a powdery material collecting bin (8) by adopting a quantitative pneumatic conveying mode for mixing and storing; in the smelting stage of tin smelting, bed charge is put into a cylindrical furnace body (1), a top-blown furnace spray gun (4) is used for smelting to form a molten pool, the powder stored in a powder material gathering bin (8) is conveyed in unit time through a DCS control system, kinetic energy is provided through a quantitative pneumatic conveying device (7), the powder material is uniformly conveyed to a powder material charging nozzle (2) through a diversion conveying pipe (6), and the powder material charging nozzle (2) is used for spraying into the cylindrical furnace body (1) for smelting; other tin-containing materials, solvent and reduction coal are put into the cylindrical furnace body (1) through a belt conveying feed inlet (5) arranged on the furnace top cover (10); stopping feeding, entering a reduction stage, starting to judge the tin and slag discharging stage, and judging the smelting progress degree by analyzing a slag sample taken by the furnace top sample rod (3) in the smelting process.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of pyrogenic process smelting of crude tin, in particular to a side-type powder-feeding top-blowing furnace and a treatment method thereof.

Background

Large-scale tin smelters generally select a top-blown furnace with high hearth capacity as tin smelting equipment, and the treated tin-containing materials mainly comprise tin concentrate, tin calcine subjected to roasting and arsenic and sulfur removal, powdery tin smoke dust obtained after fuming and volatilizing low-tin materials in a fuming furnace, powdery tin smoke dust collected in a tail gas system in the smelting process of the top-blown furnace and the like. The calcine and the smoke dust materials have fine granularity and low moisture, and are easy to fly and lose in the transferring and feeding processes. The materials with small particle size and low water content can be collectively called as powdery tin materials, the percentage of the materials in a tin smelting system, which accounts for the total tin materials input in smelting, is about 40-60%, and the ratio of the materials is large, the optimization of the treatment method has very important significance for reducing cost and improving efficiency and improving operation environment of a tin smelting plant, and the method is worthy of deep research.

In the production process of the current large-scale tin smelting plant, all tin-containing materials are conveyed by a belt and are put into a top-blown smelting furnace from the top of the furnace for reduction smelting to produce crude tin, the tin-containing materials with lower moisture and smaller granularity need to be granulated by adding water, and the moisture content of mixed materials entering the furnace generally needs to reach about 10 percent. A large amount of water is mixed into the materials entering the furnace, so that the capacity of a smelting hearth is reduced, the smelting energy consumption is increased, and the treatment difficulty and the treatment cost are increased after the flue gas produced in the smelting process is accompanied by a large amount of high-temperature steam and enters a subsequent flue gas treatment system. Because the types and components of tin-containing materials treated by a smelting plant are complex, pretreatment before smelting is usually required to be carried out, and various tin-containing powdery materials are produced, such as tin-containing powdery materials produced by roasting in a fluidized bed furnace, tin-containing smoke dust produced in a fuming furnace, tin-containing smoke dust produced in other smelting furnaces and other tin-containing powdery materials; the various tin-containing powdery materials are conveyed into a batching ore bin through pneumatic conveying or an automobile, and are conveyed into a top-blown furnace through a belt for smelting after being batched in front of the furnace. Therefore, the losses such as splashing, leakage, flying and the like are inevitable in the process of transporting various tin-containing powdery materials into the smelting furnace through the furnace top belt, the tin-containing powdery materials have long falling stroke in the smelting furnace, easily enter a tail gas dust collection system along with hearth smoke and then enter a material mixing process, the material return amount in the smelting process is increased, the material loss in the material return process is increased, the tin smelting direct recovery rate and the tin smelting recovery rate are reduced, the smelting cost is improved, and meanwhile, the field operation environment is polluted by dust.

In order to solve the problems of metal loss and poor operation environment caused by increasing smelting energy consumption, increasing the burden of a tail gas treatment system, flying smoke caused by transportation, reducing the comprehensive recovery rate of tin smelting and the like in the smelting production process of various tin-containing powdery materials, the tin smelting field urgently needs to develop a classified treatment method for the tin-containing powdery materials so as to achieve the effects of clean tin smelting production environment, high tin smelting direct recovery rate, green and energy saving.

Therefore, providing a clean, environment-friendly and efficient method for treating powdered tin materials is a problem that needs to be solved by technicians in the field.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the invention provides a side-type powder feeding top-blowing furnace and a processing method thereof, which can solve the problems of large transportation flying loss, large material returning amount, poor operation environment, harm to the health of operators and the like in the process of smelting tin powder materials.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

a side-feed powder top-blown furnace comprising: the device comprises a cylindrical furnace body, a powdery material charging nozzle, a furnace top sample rod, a top-blown furnace spray gun, a belt conveying feed inlet, a split flow conveying pipe, a quantitative pneumatic conveying device, a powdery material collecting bin feed inlet and a furnace top cover;

the powdery material charging nozzles are symmetrically arranged around the furnace wall of the cylindrical furnace body and are positioned on the same horizontal plane, the powdery material charging nozzles form an angle with the furnace wall, and the centers of the nozzles are opposite to the center line of the furnace bottom;

the top of the cylindrical furnace body is provided with a furnace top cover, and the top-blown furnace spray gun penetrates through the center of the furnace top cover and extends into the bottom of the cylindrical furnace body; the furnace top sample rod penetrates through the furnace top cover and extends into the bottom of the cylindrical furnace body; the belt conveying feed inlet is formed in the furnace top cover;

the top of the powdery material collection bin is provided with a powdery material collection bin feed inlet, the bottom of the powdery material collection bin is communicated with a quantitative pneumatic conveying device, and the quantitative pneumatic conveying device is communicated with a powdery material furnace inlet nozzle through a diversion conveying pipe.

Preferably, the vertical positions of the corresponding nozzles symmetrically opposite to the powdery material charging nozzle are arranged on the horizontal plane of the slag line which enables the jet intersection point to be at the maximum processing capacity of the top-blown furnace.

Preferably, the number of the powder material charging nozzles can be selected to be other even numbers.

Preferably, the feed inlets of the powdery material collecting bin receive powdery tin materials and pulverized coal in different working sections in the tin smelting process, and the feed inlets of the powdery material collecting bins respectively correspond to powdery materials from different sources.

Preferably, the powdery material collection bin is further provided with a DCS control system, and the powdery material is conveyed into the powdery material collection bin in a quantitative pneumatic conveying mode through setting unit time and conveying speed to complete material mixing.

Preferably, the conveying speed of the quantitative pneumatic conveying device is 10-35t/h, and the conveying pressure is 0.6-0.9 MPa.

A treatment method of a side-type powder feeding top-blown furnace comprises the following specific steps: setting parameters of a DCS control system, and sending powdery tin smoke dust, pulverized coal and powdery tin calcine in different sections in the tin smelting process into a powdery material collecting bin in a quantitative pneumatic conveying mode for mixing and storing; in the smelting stage of tin smelting, base materials are put into a cylindrical furnace body, a top-blowing furnace spray gun is used for smelting to form a molten pool, the powder materials stored in a powder material gathering bin are set by a DCS control system for conveying quantity in unit time, kinetic energy is provided by a quantitative pneumatic conveying device, the powder materials are uniformly conveyed to a powder material charging nozzle through a shunting conveying pipe and then are sprayed into the cylindrical furnace body through the powder material charging nozzle for smelting; other tin-containing materials, solvent and reduction coal are thrown into the cylindrical furnace body through a belt conveying feed inlet arranged on the top cover of the furnace; stopping feeding, entering a reduction stage, starting to judge the tin and slag discharging stage, and judging the smelting progress degree by analyzing a slag sample taken by a furnace top sample rod in the smelting process.

Preferably, the top-blown furnace spray gun is used for melting to manufacture a molten pool, and feeding is carried out when the depth of the molten pool is more than or equal to 500 mm.

Preferably, the top-blown converter spray gun continuously provides heat for the cylindrical furnace body at the smelting gun position while the quantitative pneumatic conveying device is used for conveying the powdery material into the cylindrical furnace body.

Preferably, after the other tin-containing materials, the solvent and the reduction coal are added with water, the mixture is fed into the cylindrical furnace body through a belt conveying feed inlet arranged on the top cover of the furnace until the total material feeding amount reaches a set value of the single furnace feeding melting amount of the top blowing furnace, and the melting is continued until a sample rod at the top of the furnace can not detect raw materials.

Preferably, in the process of stopping feeding and entering the reduction stage, the powder material feeding nozzle stops conveying the powder material into the furnace, but the air carrying the powder material feeding nozzle is continuous, in order to prevent the powder material feeding nozzle from being blocked by splashing slag, the powder material is sprayed into the furnace at the lowest air flow rate, the top-blowing furnace spray gun is lifted to the reduction gun position, and the belt conveying feed inlet continues to feed the reduction coal.

Preferably, after the reduction for a period of time, the furnace top sample rod is sampled and analyzed for slag sample, and then the slag is sent to analysis, if the tin content of the slag is less than 5%, the tin and slag discharge is started, the discharged crude tin is sent to the refining process for treatment, and the tin is recovered by fuming the slag.

Through the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

the invention provides a side-type powder feeding top-blown furnace and a treatment method thereof, wherein powdery tin calcine produced by desulfurization of a fluidized roasting furnace, powdery tin smoke produced by fuming and enriching tin middlings and tin slag in a fuming furnace, powdery tin smoke collected by a waste heat boiler and an electric dust collector of a flue gas treatment system in the smelting process of the top-blown furnace, and tin-containing powdery materials from different sources in a plurality of tin smelting plants are directly and uniformly fed into a molten pool from the side wall of a cylindrical furnace body in a pneumatic conveying mode for smelting, and do not naturally fall into the molten pool through a belt conveying feed inlet arranged on a furnace top cover. The different powdery tin materials are gathered in proportion and are conveyed in a quantitative pneumatic conveying mode, so that the material mixing process can be completed in the powdery material gathering bin through airflow disturbance, and the powdery tin materials can be rapidly smelted.

The side powder feeding top-blown furnace provided by the invention realizes the closed connection between the storage bins in the whole conveying process, simplifies the powder conveying process, avoids flying loss in the powder conveying process and greatly improves the operating environment of workers. The powder of different sources at the top of the powdery material gathering bin is provided with the independent powdery material gathering bin feed inlets, so that the uniform material mixing process can be completed by utilizing airflow disturbance in the powdery material gathering bin according to different powder materials in proportion by adjusting the conveying flow of different powder materials according to production requirements under the state of simultaneous conveying, and the accurate control and production management of smelting powder materials are facilitated.

During the conveying process, powder is uniformly distributed to four powder material charging nozzles of the furnace body through a distribution pipeline, so that material flows are dispersed from different directions and enter the furnace, and accretions caused by raw material accumulation are not easy to occur in the powder charging process; the nozzles are symmetrically arranged, so that impact abrasion of the material-carrying airflow to the furnace wall is reduced, and the furnace lining is protected; the nozzle is obliquely arranged downwards, and the jet flow intersection point is positioned at the position of the slag liquid level with the maximum treatment capacity of a single furnace, so that the nozzle is far away from a high-temperature smelting area to a certain extent, the service life of the nozzle is prolonged, and the material-carrying airflow plays a role in stirring the molten pool with the same-direction acting force of a furnace body spray gun.

The invention changes the feeding mode of the powdery tin-containing material in the process of smelting tin in the top-blowing furnace. The mode of feeding after the powder is sent to a cylindrical mixer by a belt conveying feed inlet after being granulated originally is changed into the mode of directly spraying the powdery tin-containing material into a molten pool at high speed by pneumatic conveying. The phenomenon that the direct yield of tin smelting is low due to the fact that a large amount of powdery materials enter a dust collecting system when the materials are fed from the top of the furnace is avoided to the greatest extent, the input amount of water is reduced, the smoke dust pelletizing process is omitted, the feeding flow of the powdery tin materials is simplified, the processing difficulty of follow-up smoke of a top-blown furnace system is reduced, and the positive effect of improving the processing capacity of the top-blown furnace is achieved. In addition, the pulverized coal is mixed into the powder injected into the furnace in the powder material collecting bin in proportion as fuel, so that the pulverized coal is combusted and gradually starts to melt in the injection process of the powder material, and the smelting efficiency of the top-blown furnace is further improved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a side-type powder-feeding top-blowing furnace according to the present invention;

in the figure: 1-cylindrical furnace body, 2-powdery material charging nozzle, 3-furnace top sample rod, 4-top-blown furnace spray gun, 5-belt conveying feed inlet, 6-shunt conveying pipe, 7-quantitative pneumatic conveying device, 8-powdery material gathering bin, 9-powdery material gathering bin feed inlet and 10-furnace top cover.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

The embodiment 1 of the invention provides a treatment method of a side type powder feeding top-blown furnace, wherein the side type powder feeding top-blown furnace is shown as a figure 1, and the working process of the side type powder feeding top-blown furnace is as follows:

the powdered tin calcine produced by desulfurizing in the fluidized roaster in the tin smelting system has the components of Sn 35 wt.%, S1.1 wt.%, As 0.8 wt.%, H₂O is less than or equal to 3 wt.%, and powdery tin smoke dust Sn 45 wt.%, Pb 0.2 wt.%, S0.9 wt.%, As 1.5 wt.%, Fe 2 wt.%, H1 produced by fuming and enriching tin middlings and tin furnace slag₂O is less than or equal to 4.5 wt.%, and the powdered tin smoke dust Sn 38 wt.%, Pb 1.0 wt.%, S0.75 wt.%, As 1.8 wt.%, Fe 3 wt.%, H3 wt.% collected by a waste heat boiler and an electric dust collector of a flue gas treatment system in the smelting process of a top-blown furnace₂O is less than or equal to 4.5 wt.%, and powdery tin materials and pulverized coal from different sources in several tin smelting plants are simultaneously conveyed into the powdery material collecting bin 8 through the corresponding quantitative pneumatic conveying device to complete mixing, wherein the powdery tin calcine accounts for 40%, the powdery fuming furnace smoke accounts for 30%, the powdery top-blown furnace smoke accounts for 20%, and the pulverized coal accounts for 10%.

In the feeding stage of the top-blowing furnace with the specification of phi 5m, a belt is used for conveying materials to feed bottom materials, then a spray gun 4 of the bottom-blowing furnace is used for melting the bottom materials to manufacture a molten pool, and when the depth of the molten pool reaches 500mm, the normal feeding stage is started. The conveying pressure of the quantitative pneumatic conveying device 7 is adjusted to be 0.7MPa, the unit conveying capacity is 30t/h, and material flow is divided by the dividing conveying pipe 6 and then is respectively injected into a molten pool for smelting through the four powder material charging nozzles 2. Other materials containing more than or equal to 35 wt.% of tin, reducing coal and solvent are mixed, the feeding speed is controlled by a DCS control system, the materials are conveyed by a belt through a feeding hole 5 and are put into the furnace, and in the whole feeding process, the top-blown furnace spray gun 4 is positioned at the position of the smelting gun to continuously provide heat for the furnace.

And when the accumulated feeding amount of all the tin-containing materials reaches 90t, ending the single feeding process, stopping pneumatic conveying and feeding the powdery tin materials and conveying other tin materials through the belt conveying feeding port 5, and enabling the top-blown converter to enter a smelting stage. But the nozzle is still in the injection state without loading materials, and the injection air quantity is adjusted to the minimum value. In the smelting process, continuously feeding reducing coal by controlling the feeding rate of the belt conveying feeding port 5 to maintain the reducing atmosphere in the furnace, discharging the furnace top sample rod 3 at certain intervals, and judging the time of entering a strong reduction stage by observing the condition that a slag sample carried by the furnace top sample rod 3 carries raw materials. After entering a strong reduction stage, increasing the input amount of reduction coal, reducing for a certain time, taking a slag sample from a lower furnace top sample rod 3, rapidly analyzing the tin content in the slag, entering a tin and slag discharging stage when the Sn content of the taken slag sample is less than 5%, completing a single-furnace smelting process, and then entering the next furnace stage.

Example 2

The embodiment 2 of the invention provides a treatment method of a side type powder feeding top-blown furnace, which comprises the following working procedures:

the powdered tin calcine produced by desulfurizing in the fluidized roaster in the tin smelting system has the components of Sn 38 wt.%, S0.86 wt.%, As 1.0 wt.%, H₂O is less than or equal to 2 wt.%, and powdery tin smoke dust Sn 42 wt.%, Pb 0.5 wt.%, S0.8 wt.%, As 2.0 wt.%, Fe 3.5 wt.%, H3 wt.% produced by fuming and enriching tin middlings and tin furnace slag₂O is less than or equal to 4.0 wt.%, and powdered tin smoke dust Sn 40 wt.%, Pb 2.1 wt.%, S0.68 wt.%, As 1.5 wt.%, Fe 3.6 wt.%, H3.6 wt.% collected by a waste heat boiler and an electric dust collector of a flue gas treatment system in the smelting process of a top-blown furnace₂O is less than or equal to 5 wt.%, and powdery tin materials and pulverized coal from different sources in several tin smelting plants are simultaneously fed into the powdery material collecting bin 8 through the corresponding quantitative pneumatic conveying device to complete mixing, wherein the powdery tin roasted sand accounts for 45 percent, the powdery fuming furnace smoke dust accounts for 25 percent, the powdery top-blown furnace smoke dust accounts for 22 percent, and the pulverized coal accounts for 8 percent.

In the feeding stage of the top-blowing furnace with the specification of phi 5m, a belt is used for conveying materials to feed bottom materials, then a spray gun 4 of the bottom-blowing furnace is used for melting the bottom materials to manufacture a molten pool, and when the depth of the molten pool reaches 500mm, the normal feeding stage is started. The conveying pressure of the quantitative pneumatic conveying device 7 is adjusted to be 0.8MPa, the unit conveying capacity is 20t/h, and material flow is divided by the dividing conveying pipe 6 and then is respectively injected into a molten pool for smelting through the four powder material charging nozzles 2. Other materials containing more than or equal to 35 wt.% of tin, reducing coal and solvent are mixed, the feeding speed is controlled by a DCS control system, the materials are conveyed by a belt through a feeding hole 5 and are put into the furnace, and in the whole feeding process, the top-blown furnace spray gun 4 is positioned at the position of the smelting gun to continuously provide heat for the furnace.

And when the accumulated feeding amount of all the tin-containing materials reaches 60t, ending the single feeding process, stopping pneumatic conveying and feeding the powdery tin materials and conveying other tin materials through the belt conveying feeding port 5, and enabling the top-blown converter to enter a smelting stage. But the nozzle is still in the injection state without loading materials, and the injection air quantity is adjusted to the minimum value. In the smelting process, continuously feeding reducing coal by controlling the feeding rate of the belt conveying feeding port 5 to maintain the reducing atmosphere in the furnace, discharging the furnace top sample rod 3 at certain intervals, and judging the time of entering a strong reduction stage by observing the condition that a slag sample carried by the furnace top sample rod 3 carries raw materials. After entering a strong reduction stage, increasing the input amount of reduction coal, reducing for a certain time, taking a slag sample from a lower furnace top sample rod 3, rapidly analyzing the tin content in the slag, entering a tin and slag discharging stage when the Sn content of the taken slag sample is less than 5%, completing a single-furnace smelting process, and then entering the next furnace stage.

The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.