阅读说明：本技术 一种使用混合型硫化鱼油活化剂提高皮革韧性的加工工艺 (Processing technology for improving leather toughness by using mixed type vulcanized fish oil activating agent ) 是由 张晓� 于 2019-10-10 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及皮革加工,公开了一种使用混合型硫化鱼油活化剂提高皮革韧性的加工工艺,包括皮革前处理、制备混合型硫化鱼油活化剂、皮革改性处理、皮革绣制等步骤；本发明制备出的混合型硫化鱼油活化剂是一种通用的阴离子型加脂剂,具有良好的渗透与乳化性能,与皮革纤维有一定的结合性,能够克服皮革板硬、易僵化、裂面的缺陷,使皮革丰满、柔软、有弹性、久置不易变硬,能在皮面上实现非遗刺绣技艺马尾绣法的立体绣图,制出的成品不易断裂、无褶皱、无脱水,图案立体、光泽度强、栩栩如生。(The invention relates to leather processing, and discloses a processing technology for improving the toughness of leather by using a mixed type vulcanized fish oil activating agent, which comprises the steps of leather pretreatment, preparation of the mixed type vulcanized fish oil activating agent, leather modification treatment, leather embroidering and the like; the mixed type sulfurized fish oil activating agent prepared by the invention is a general anionic fatting agent, has good permeability and emulsifying performance, has certain binding property with leather fibers, can overcome the defects of hardness, easy rigidification and cracking of a leather plate, ensures that the leather is plump, soft and elastic, is not easy to harden after being placed for a long time, can realize a three-dimensional embroidery pattern of a non-genetic embroidery skill horsetail embroidery method on the leather surface, and can prepare a finished product which is not easy to break, has no wrinkles and no dehydration, and has a three-dimensional pattern, strong glossiness and is lifelike.)

1. A processing technology for improving leather toughness by using a mixed type vulcanized fish oil activating agent is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) pretreatment of leather: taking fresh peeled cowhide, refrigerating, preparing into a skin blank within 24 hours, and then pretreating the surface of the skin blank;

(2) preparing a mixed type vulcanized fish oil activating agent: preparing a fatting agent, mixing the treated skin blank with a synthetic fatting agent SE, plump fish oil and other fatting agents, carrying out fatting treatment, and standing for 20 minutes to prepare a mixed type vulcanized fish oil activating agent;

(3) leather modification treatment: uniformly coating the mixed type vulcanized fish oil activating agent on a skin blank in a manual coating mode at the constant temperature of 22 ℃ and standing for 8 hours to allow the fish oil to slowly permeate into the cortex to nourish the skin fiber, and repeating the coating and standing processes for 5 times;

(4) embroidering leather: the softened leathers are classified and embroidered on the surface of the leathers according to different embroidery stitch skills.

2. The processing technology for improving the toughness of leather by using the mixed type vulcanized fish oil activating agent as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the pretreatment method is one of a color-changing effect method or a normal retanning method;

the color changing effect method comprises the following steps: the leather blank is named as a wet blue leather blank through a color changing effect, and is subjected to filling treatment by using RE acrylic resin and tannin extract after being retanned by glutaraldehyde;

the normal retanning method comprises the following steps: and (4) performing normal retanning treatment on the leather blank, and taking the leather blank subjected to normal retanning and neutralization.

3. The processing technology for improving the toughness of leather by using the mixed type vulcanized fish oil activating agent as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the fat-liquoring treatment time is about 50 minutes, and the temperature is controlled to be 50-55 ℃.

4. The processing technology for improving the toughness of leather by using the mixed type vulcanized fish oil activating agent as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the other fatting agent is one or the mixture of two of a combined fatting agent, a PCS fatting agent and a fur softening white oil.

5. The processing technology for improving the toughness of leather by using the mixed type vulcanized fish oil activating agent as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the plump fish oil is prepared by extracting herring, salmon, mackerel and the like as raw materials.

6. The processing technology for improving the toughness of leather by using the mixed type vulcanized fish oil activating agent as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the synthetic fatting agent SE belongs to a compound fatting agent, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:

s1, taking C15-C20 liquid hydrocarbon or solid hydrocarbon, carrying out photocatalysis at 90-110 ℃, continuously introducing chlorine gas for chlorination reaction until the grabbing content of the reactant reaches 35%, and fully degassing to obtain the synthetic beef foot oil substitute;

s2, respectively carrying out acetification reaction on C14, C16, C18, C22 unsaturated olefine acid and saturated fatty acid with polyhydric alcohol and long-chain unit alcohol in the presence of a catalyst, wherein the reaction temperature is 110-195 ℃, the reaction time is 2-5 h, and water vapor generated in the reaction process is pumped out at any time by a vacuum pump to prepare various acetified products;

s3, storing the acetified product at room temperature, and standing for more than 30 days in a light-facing mode;

s4, boiling the C18 high-melting-point fatty fusidic acid and polyethylene glycol together for reaction, taking 4-5% of inorganic acid as a catalyst, reacting under the condition of vacuum dehydration, reducing the acid value to be below 25, completing the reaction, and neutralizing and decoloring the final reactant to obtain the fatty acid polyethylene glycol vinegar;

s5, stirring C18 fatty acid at 50 ℃, slowly adding a certain amount of P1C3, and reacting for 2 hours at 55 ℃ after the addition is finished; reacting the obtained product with NH3 until the reactant is slightly alkaline, and obtaining a fatty acid amine compound after the reaction is finished;

s6) mixing the prepared synthetic foots oil and a fat-liquoring auxiliary agent according to a certain proportion, heating to 40 ℃, stirring uniformly, then adding a certain amount of high-carbon-chain and high-melting-point fatty acid polyethylene glycol, heating to 60 ℃, melting into uniform and consistent oil liquid under stirring, finally adding a certain amount of fatty phthalamide, polyol vinegar of C14, C16, C18 and C22 fatty acids and unit alcohol vinegar into the materials under the condition of 4O ℃, and continuously stirring for 1 hour to obtain the synthetic fat-liquoring agent SE.

7. The processing technology for improving the toughness of leather by using the mixed type vulcanized fish oil activating agent as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: in S2, when the acid value of the reactant is reduced to below 25 from the original 195, the reaction is completed, and various acetified products are prepared, wherein the acid value of the obtained acetified products is not more than 25, the saponification number is not less than 160, and the water content is not more than 1%; the obtained acetified substances can be used as synthetic whale naphtha substitute after being mixed according to a certain proportion.

8. The processing technology for improving the toughness of leather by using the mixed type vulcanized fish oil activating agent as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the other method for preparing the fatty acid polyethylene glycol vinegar in the S4 comprises the steps of introducing a certain amount of ethylene oxide into molten fatty acid for reaction for 10-12 hours at 160-180 ℃ under the protection of nitrogen flow and by using 0.1% alkali as a catalyst, and neutralizing and decoloring the final reactant to obtain the fatty acid polyethylene glycol vinegar.

Technical Field

The invention relates to leather processing, in particular to a processing technology for improving the toughness of leather by using a mixed type vulcanized fish oil activating agent.

Background

Along with the social development and the improvement of the living standard of people, the demand of international and domestic markets for leather and products thereof is increasing, and the leather industry develops towards high quality and high grade. However, most of the existing leathers have poor performances in the aspects of smooth and bright leather surface, soft and elastic leather quality, easy processing and the like, and particularly when embroidery needs to be carried out on the leather surface, leather pinholes are obviously overlarge due to leather damage and leather cracking caused by external force after the traditional unactivated leather is penetrated by a needle, so that the leather is easy to crack and other adverse conditions, and the attractiveness and the service life of the leather are influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a processing technology for improving the toughness of leather by using a mixed type vulcanized fish oil activating agent, which has a simple structure and is convenient to popularize.

In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:

a processing technology for improving leather toughness by using a mixed type vulcanized fish oil activating agent comprises the following steps:

(1) pretreatment of leather: taking fresh peeled cowhide, refrigerating, preparing into a skin blank within 24 hours, and then pretreating the surface of the skin blank;

(2) preparing a mixed type vulcanized fish oil activating agent: preparing a fatting agent, mixing the treated skin blank with a synthetic fatting agent SE, plump fish oil and other fatting agents, carrying out fatting treatment, and standing for 20 minutes to prepare a mixed type vulcanized fish oil activating agent;

(3) leather modification treatment: uniformly coating the mixed type vulcanized fish oil activating agent on a skin blank in a manual coating mode at the constant temperature of 22 ℃ and standing for 8 hours to allow the fish oil to slowly permeate into the cortex to nourish the skin fiber, and repeating the coating and standing processes for 5 times;

(4) embroidering leather: the softened leathers are classified and embroidered on the surface of the leathers according to different embroidery stitch skills.

Preferably, in the step (1), the pretreatment method is one of a discoloration effect method or a normal retanning method;

the color changing effect method comprises the following steps: the leather blank is named as a wet blue leather blank through a color changing effect, and is subjected to filling treatment by using RE acrylic resin and tannin extract after being retanned by glutaraldehyde;

the normal retanning method comprises the following steps: and (4) performing normal retanning treatment on the leather blank, and taking the leather blank subjected to normal retanning and neutralization.

Preferably, in the step (2), the time for the fat-liquoring treatment is about 50 minutes, and the temperature is controlled to 50 to 55 ℃.

Preferably, in step (2), the other fatliquor is one or a mixture of two of a combined fatliquor, a PCS fatliquor and a fur softening white oil.

Preferably, the plump fish oil is prepared by extracting herring, salmon, mackerel and the like as raw materials.

Preferably, the process inspection in the step (4) comprises the steps of spraying, edge repairing, top spraying, drying, skin pressing, skin ironing and the like.

Preferably, the synthetic fatliquor SE belongs to a composite fatliquor, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:

s1, taking C15-C20 liquid hydrocarbon or solid hydrocarbon, carrying out photocatalysis at 90-110 ℃, continuously introducing chlorine gas for chlorination reaction until the grabbing content of the reactant reaches 35%, and fully degassing to obtain the synthetic beef foot oil substitute;

s2, respectively carrying out acetification reaction on C14, C16, C18, C22 unsaturated olefine acid and saturated fatty acid with polyhydric alcohol and long-chain unit alcohol in the presence of a catalyst, wherein the reaction temperature is 110-195 ℃, the reaction time is 2-5 h, and water vapor generated in the reaction process is pumped out at any time by a vacuum pump to prepare various acetified products;

s3, storing the acetified product at room temperature, and standing for more than 30 days in a light-facing mode;

s4, boiling the C18 high-melting-point fatty fusidic acid and polyethylene glycol together for reaction, taking 4-5% of inorganic acid as a catalyst, reacting under the condition of vacuum dehydration, reducing the acid value to be below 25, completing the reaction, and neutralizing and decoloring the final reactant to obtain the fatty acid polyethylene glycol vinegar;

s5, stirring C18 fatty acid at 50 ℃, slowly adding a certain amount of P1C3, and reacting for 2 hours at 55 ℃ after the addition is finished; reacting the obtained product with NH3 until the reactant is slightly alkaline, and obtaining a fatty acid amine compound after the reaction is finished;

s6) mixing the prepared synthetic foots oil and a fat-liquoring auxiliary agent according to a certain proportion, heating to 40 ℃, stirring uniformly, then adding a certain amount of high-carbon-chain and high-melting-point fatty acid polyethylene glycol, heating to 60 ℃, melting into uniform and consistent oil liquid under stirring, finally adding a certain amount of fatty phthalamide, polyol vinegar of C14, C16, C18 and C22 fatty acids and unit alcohol vinegar into the materials under the condition of 4O ℃, and continuously stirring for 1 hour to obtain the synthetic fat-liquoring agent SE.

Preferably, in S2, when the acid value of the reactant is reduced to below 25 from the original 195, the reaction is completed, and various acetified products with the acid value not more than 25, the saponification number not less than 160 and the water content not more than 1 percent are prepared; the obtained acetified substances can be used as synthetic whale naphtha substitute after being mixed according to a certain proportion.

Preferably, in S4, another method for preparing the fatty acid polyethylene glycol vinegar is to introduce a certain amount of ethylene oxide into molten fatty acid under the protection of nitrogen flow and at 160-180 ℃ and with 0.1% alkali as a catalyst to react for 10-12 h, and complete the reaction when the acid value is reduced to below 25, and then neutralize and decolor the final reactant to obtain the fatty acid polyethylene glycol vinegar.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the mixed type sulfurized fish oil activating agent prepared by the invention is a general anionic fatting agent, has good permeability and emulsifying performance, has certain binding property with leather fibers, can overcome the defects of hardness, easy rigidification and cracking of a leather plate, ensures that the leather is plump, soft and elastic, is not easy to harden after being placed for a long time, can realize a three-dimensional embroidery pattern of a non-genetic embroidery skill horsetail embroidery method on the leather surface, and can prepare a finished product which is not easy to break, has no wrinkles and no dehydration, and has a three-dimensional pattern, strong glossiness and is lifelike.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

Detailed Description

In order to make the content of the present invention more clearly understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1, a processing technology for improving leather toughness by using a mixed type vulcanized fish oil activating agent comprises the following steps:

(1) pretreatment of leather: taking fresh peeled cowhide, refrigerating, preparing into a leather blank within 24 hours, and then performing pretreatment on the surface of the cowhide by using a color-changing effect method or a normal retanning method;

(2) preparing a mixed type vulcanized fish oil activating agent: preparing a fatting agent, mixing the treated skin germ with a synthetic fatting agent SE, plump fish oil and other fatting agents for fatting treatment, wherein the plump fish oil is prepared by refining herring, salmon, mackerel and the like serving as raw materials, and the other fatting agents are one or two of combined fatting agents, PCS fatting agents and soft skin white oil; the fat-liquoring treatment time is about 50 minutes, the temperature is controlled at 50-55 ℃, and the mixture is kept stand for 20 minutes to prepare the mixed vulcanized fish oil activating agent;

(3) leather modification treatment: uniformly coating the mixed type vulcanized fish oil activating agent on a skin blank in a manual coating mode at the constant temperature of 22 ℃ and standing for 8 hours to allow the fish oil to slowly permeate into the cortex to nourish the skin fiber, and repeating the coating and standing processes for 5 times;

(4) embroidering leather: after the softened leather is inspected by procedures of classification, proofing, spraying, edge mending, top spraying, drying, leather pressing, leather ironing and the like, embroidering on the surface of the leather according to different embroidery stitch skills.

Preferably, the synthetic fatliquor SE belongs to a composite fatliquor, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:

s1, taking C15-C20 liquid hydrocarbon or solid hydrocarbon, carrying out photocatalysis at 90-110 ℃, continuously introducing chlorine gas for chlorination reaction until the grabbing content of the reactant reaches 35%, and fully degassing to obtain the synthetic beef foot oil substitute;

s2, respectively carrying out acetification reaction on C14, C16, C18, C22 unsaturated olefine acid and saturated fatty acid with polyhydric alcohol and long-chain unit alcohol in the presence of a catalyst, wherein the reaction temperature is 110-195 ℃, the reaction time is 2-5 h, and water vapor generated in the reaction process is pumped out at any time by a vacuum pump to prepare various acetified products;

preferably, in S2, when the acid value of the reactant is reduced to below 25 from the original 195, the reaction is completed, and various acetified products with the acid value not more than 25, the saponification number not less than 160 and the water content not more than 1 percent are prepared; the obtained acetified substances can be used as synthetic whale naphtha substitute after being mixed according to a certain proportion.

S3, storing the acetified product at room temperature, and standing for more than 30 days in a light-facing mode;

s4, boiling the C18 high-melting-point fatty fusidic acid and polyethylene glycol together for reaction, taking 4-5% of inorganic acid as a catalyst, reacting under the condition of vacuum dehydration, reducing the acid value to be below 25, completing the reaction, and neutralizing and decoloring the final reactant to obtain the fatty acid polyethylene glycol vinegar;

s5, stirring C18 fatty acid at 50 ℃, slowly adding a certain amount of P1C3, and reacting for 2 hours at 55 ℃ after the addition is finished; reacting the obtained product with NH3 until the reactant is slightly alkaline, and obtaining a fatty acid amine compound after the reaction is finished;

s6) mixing the prepared synthetic foots oil and a fat-liquoring auxiliary agent according to a certain proportion, heating to 40 ℃, stirring uniformly, then adding a certain amount of high-carbon-chain and high-melting-point fatty acid polyethylene glycol, heating to 60 ℃, melting into uniform and consistent oil liquid under stirring, finally adding a certain amount of fatty phthalamide, polyol vinegar of C14, C16, C18 and C22 fatty acids and unit alcohol vinegar into the materials under the condition of 4O ℃, and continuously stirring for 1 hour to obtain the synthetic fat-liquoring agent SE.

Preferably, in S4, another method for preparing the fatty acid polyethylene glycol vinegar is to introduce a certain amount of ethylene oxide into molten fatty acid under the protection of nitrogen flow and at 160-180 ℃ and with 0.1% alkali as a catalyst to react for 10-12 h, and complete the reaction when the acid value is reduced to below 25, and then neutralize and decolor the final reactant to obtain the fatty acid polyethylene glycol vinegar.