阅读说明：本技术 一种提升钢材可加工性和寿命的处理方法 (Treatment method for improving machinability and service life of steel ) 是由 苗雪峰 于 2019-11-05 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种提升钢材可加工性和寿命的处理方法,包括如下步骤：S1、除油处理、清洗处理和干燥处理；S2、渗氮处理；S3、自纳米化处理。本发明提供了一种钢材的表面处理方法,其工艺简单,各步骤搭配合理,利于推广应用,加工处理后的钢材强度高、耐腐蚀性强,涂装等可加工性好,使用寿命长。(The invention discloses a processing method for improving the machinability and the service life of steel, which comprises the following steps: s1, oil removing treatment, cleaning treatment and drying treatment; s2, nitriding; and S3, self-nanocrystallization processing. The invention provides a surface treatment method of steel, which has simple process, reasonable matching of all steps, easy popularization and application, high strength of the processed steel, strong corrosion resistance, good processability of coating and the like and long service life.)

1. A treatment method for improving the machinability and service life of steel is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1, sequentially carrying out oil removal treatment, cleaning treatment and drying treatment on the steel for later use;

s2, putting the steel processed in the step S1 into a nitriding furnace for nitriding treatment, and taking out for later use after the nitriding treatment is finished;

and S3, putting the steel processed in the step S2 into a self-nanocrystallization device for surface self-nanocrystallization, and taking out the steel after the surface self-nanocrystallization is completed.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the degreasing treatment in step S1 is performed by immersing the steel in acetone solution for degreasing by soaking for 1-1.5 h, wherein the acetone is used in an amount of 8-10% by volume; the cleaning treatment is to wash the surface of the steel by deionized water for one time; the drying treatment is to place the steel in a drying oven with the temperature of 75-80 ℃ and carry out drying treatment for 2-3 h.

3. The treatment method for improving the workability and the service life of steel products according to claim 1, wherein the nitriding treatment in the step S2 is a gas nitriding treatment process, the gas medium in a nitriding furnace is controlled to be ammonia gas, the nitriding temperature is controlled to be 520-540 ℃, and the duration of the heat preservation treatment is 2-2.5 hours.

4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein a solution soaking treatment of coupling agent is performed before the nitriding treatment in step S2, the solution soaking treatment of coupling agent is specifically performed by: and (3) soaking the steel into the coupling agent solution, heating to keep the temperature of the coupling agent solution at 35-38 ℃ in the process, taking out the steel after soaking for 35-40 min, washing the steel with deionized water once, and finally drying the steel.

5. The treatment method for improving the workability and the service life of the steel according to claim 4, wherein the coupling agent solution is a silane coupling agent aqueous solution, and the mass fraction of the silane coupling agent in the silane coupling agent aqueous solution is 12-15%; the used silane coupling agent is any one of a silane coupling agent kh550, a silane coupling agent kh560 and a silane coupling agent kh 570; the drying treatment is to put the steel into a drying oven with the temperature of 85-90 ℃ and carry out drying treatment for 1-1.5 h.

6. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the self-nanocrystallization processing device in step S3 is a device for performing surface nanocrystallization by ultrasonic shot peening.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of metal steel processing, and particularly relates to a processing method for improving the machinability and the service life of steel.

Background

The steel is one of essential metal materials in the life of people at present, and is a basic material in the field of construction machinery. When the steel is used, special processing treatment is usually required, for example, the steel has poor corrosion resistance, is easy to rust after being exposed to natural conditions for a long time, and needs to be subjected to corrosion prevention treatment; the properties of the steel such as surface strength and the like cannot meet the application under special working conditions, and strengthening treatment is needed to enhance the use stability and the like. The above treatment is usually to directly process the finished steel product, which can effectively improve the service performance of the steel product, but the common surface quality of the traditional steel product results in the suboptimal effect or performance of the subsequent processing treatment.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the existing problems and provides a treatment method for improving the machinability and the service life of steel.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

a treatment method for improving the machinability and service life of steel comprises the following steps:

s1, sequentially carrying out oil removal treatment on the steel, wherein the oil removal treatment is to immerse the steel into an acetone solution for soaking and oil removal treatment, the soaking time is controlled to be 1-1.5 h, and the volume fraction of acetone in the acetone solution is 8-10%; cleaning treatment, wherein the cleaning treatment is to wash the surface of the steel by using deionized water for one time; drying, namely putting the steel into a drying oven with the temperature of 75-80 ℃ for drying for 2-3 h; after completion, the mixture is ready for use;

s2, putting the steel processed in the step S1 into a nitriding furnace for nitriding treatment, wherein the nitriding treatment adopts a gas nitriding treatment process, the gas medium in the nitriding furnace is controlled to be ammonia, the nitriding temperature is controlled to be 520-540 ℃, the heat preservation treatment time is 2-2.5 hours, and the steel is taken out for standby after the nitriding treatment is finished;

s3, putting the steel processed in the step S2 into a self-nanocrystallization device for surface self-nanocrystallization, and taking out the steel after the surface self-nanocrystallization is completed; the self-nanocrystallization device is a device for realizing surface nanocrystallization by adopting ultrasonic shot blasting.

In order to further enhance the effect of the treatment, a coupling agent solution soaking treatment is further performed before the nitriding treatment in step S2, and the coupling agent solution soaking treatment specifically comprises the following operations: soaking steel into a coupling agent solution, heating to keep the temperature of the coupling agent solution at 35-38 ℃ in the process, taking out the steel after soaking for 35-40 min, wherein the used coupling agent solution is a silane coupling agent aqueous solution, and the mass fraction of a silane coupling agent in the silane coupling agent aqueous solution is 12-15%; the used silane coupling agent is any one of a silane coupling agent kh550, a silane coupling agent kh560 and a silane coupling agent kh 570; and washing the steel by using deionized water once, and finally drying the steel, wherein the drying treatment is to put the steel into a drying box with the temperature of 85-90 ℃ for drying treatment for 1-1.5 h.

The invention carries out special optimization and improvement treatment on the processing method of the steel, wherein the steel is firstly subjected to oil removal, cleaning and drying treatment, the surface cleanliness of the steel is well purified, the subsequent treatment operation is facilitated, then the steel is subjected to nitriding treatment, nitriding or carburizing treatment is a common treatment mode in the field, the surface hardness, strength and other qualities of the steel can be effectively improved by utilizing the nitriding or carburizing process, in order to further improve the treatment effect, the invention also carries out the soaking treatment of a coupling agent before nitriding, utilizes the silane coupling agent to soak, can generate a layer of silane film on the surface of the steel, then carries out the nitriding treatment, nitrogen atoms can be compounded with the silane film to form a composite film with higher density crosslinking degree after permeating, and if the nitriding treatment is carried out before the soaking treatment of the coupling agent, the silane film only can be attached to the surface, the two can not form a composite film with more stable performance and can also degrade the subsequent processing treatment; finally, self-nanocrystallization processing operation is carried out, and the surface self-nanocrystallization processing of the metal profile is also applied in the field, such as the following application numbers: 201510358706.X discloses a device for self-nanocrystallizing the surface of a rod-shaped metal material, which comprises a metal cylinder, a driving device, a baffle, a clamp and the like, can effectively realize the self-nanocrystallization treatment of the surface of the rod-shaped metal material, and has the following application numbers: 201110458558.0 discloses a device for accelerating the nanocrystallization of the impact surface of a metal ball by hitting, which can realize the self-nanocrystallization treatment of the surface of a sheet metal material, although the treatment mode is disclosed, the treatment effect is still more conventional, the invention combines the technology with the silane treatment and nitriding treatment process, the quality of steel is obviously improved, during the self-nanocrystallization treatment, a composite film is formed by permeating the surface layer of the steel, in the process of self-nanocrystallization through external impact, the tissue of the surface layer of the steel and the composite film are subjected to tissue staggered deformation and are continuously refined into nanometer grade, the surface tissue crystal grain of the treated steel is nanometer grade, the device has good strength and hardness, the surface activity site is high, the bonding strength between the paint and the coating during the subsequent paint coating process is higher, and the tissue density of the surface layer is higher due to the common nanometer hybridization of the permeation of the composite film, the ion channel is reduced, which is not beneficial to the penetration of corrosive medium, further enhances the characteristics of corrosion resistance and the like of the steel, and finally obviously improves the comprehensive performance and the service life of the steel.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

the invention provides a surface treatment method of steel, which has the advantages of simple process, reasonable matching of all steps, contribution to popularization and application, high strength and strong corrosion resistance of the processed steel, good machinability of coating and the like, long service life, high production benefit and strong market competitiveness.

Detailed Description

A treatment method for improving the machinability and service life of steel comprises the following steps:

s1, sequentially carrying out oil removal treatment on the steel, wherein the oil removal treatment is to immerse the steel into an acetone solution for soaking and oil removal treatment, the soaking time is controlled to be 1-1.5 h, and the volume fraction of acetone in the acetone solution is 8-10%; cleaning treatment, wherein the cleaning treatment is to wash the surface of the steel by using deionized water for one time; drying, namely putting the steel into a drying oven with the temperature of 75-80 ℃ for drying for 2-3 h; after completion, the mixture is ready for use;

s2, putting the steel processed in the step S1 into a nitriding furnace for nitriding treatment, wherein the nitriding treatment adopts a gas nitriding treatment process, the gas medium in the nitriding furnace is controlled to be ammonia, the nitriding temperature is controlled to be 520-540 ℃, the heat preservation treatment time is 2-2.5 hours, and the steel is taken out for standby after the nitriding treatment is finished;

s3, putting the steel processed in the step S2 into a self-nanocrystallization device for surface self-nanocrystallization, and taking out the steel after the surface self-nanocrystallization is completed; the self-nanocrystallization device is a device for realizing surface nanocrystallization by adopting ultrasonic shot blasting.

In order to further enhance the effect of the treatment, a coupling agent solution soaking treatment is further performed before the nitriding treatment in step S2, and the coupling agent solution soaking treatment specifically comprises the following operations: soaking steel into a coupling agent solution, heating to keep the temperature of the coupling agent solution at 35-38 ℃ in the process, taking out the steel after soaking for 35-40 min, wherein the used coupling agent solution is a silane coupling agent aqueous solution, and the mass fraction of a silane coupling agent in the silane coupling agent aqueous solution is 12-15%; the used silane coupling agent is any one of a silane coupling agent kh550, a silane coupling agent kh560 and a silane coupling agent kh 570; and washing the steel by using deionized water once, and finally drying the steel, wherein the drying treatment is to put the steel into a drying box with the temperature of 85-90 ℃ for drying treatment for 1-1.5 h.

In order to further illustrate the present invention, the following experimental examples are given below.