阅读说明：本技术 扩孔式截割装置、掘进机以及掘进施工工艺 (Hole expanding type cutting device, heading machine and heading construction process ) 是由 郭吉昌 姜鹏飞 王子越 刘畅 罗超 韦尧中 于 2019-09-25 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及巷道掘进设备技术领域,提供一种扩孔式截割装置、掘进机以及掘进施工工艺。其中,扩孔式截割装置,包括第一截割部,第一截割部包括第一刀体、支撑杆和转动驱动件,支撑杆连接于转动驱动件,第一刀体铰接于支撑杆,第一刀体在外力驱动下向远离支撑杆的方向打开或向靠近支撑杆的方向收缩,转动驱动件通过支撑杆带动第一刀体转动。掘进施工工艺,包括：第一截割部旋转运动以钻挖并向前推进,第二截割部旋转截割并与第一截割部同步向前推进；第一截割部旋转扩孔,同时掘进机的支护装置进行支护。本发明的扩孔式截割装置、掘进机以及掘进施工工艺,实现扩孔钻挖,扩孔钻挖与巷道支护能够同时进行,缩短施工时间,适用于推进阻力大的工况。(The invention relates to the technical field of roadway tunneling equipment, and provides a reaming type cutting device, a tunneling machine and a tunneling construction process. The reaming type cutting device comprises a first cutting part, the first cutting part comprises a first cutter body, a supporting rod and a rotating driving piece, the supporting rod is connected to the rotating driving piece, the first cutter body is hinged to the supporting rod, the first cutter body is driven by external force to be opened in the direction far away from the supporting rod or to be contracted in the direction close to the supporting rod, and the rotating driving piece drives the first cutter body to rotate through the supporting rod. The tunneling construction process comprises the following steps: the first cutting part rotates to drill and advance, and the second cutting part rotates to cut and advance synchronously with the first cutting part; and (4) rotatably reaming the first cutting part, and simultaneously supporting by a supporting device of the heading machine. The reaming type cutting device, the heading machine and the heading construction process realize reaming drilling, the reaming drilling and the roadway supporting can be carried out simultaneously, the construction time is shortened, and the reaming type cutting device, the heading machine and the heading construction process are suitable for working conditions with large propulsion resistance.)

1. A reamer cutting device, comprising:

the first cutting part comprises a first cutter body, a supporting rod and a rotating driving piece, the supporting rod is connected to the rotating driving piece, the first cutter body is hinged to the supporting rod, the first cutter body is driven by external force to open in the direction far away from the supporting rod or contract in the direction close to the supporting rod, and the rotating driving piece drives the first cutter body to rotate through the supporting rod.

2. The reamer cutting device of claim 1, further comprising: the first cutting part is arranged in the advancing direction of the second cutting part;

the second cutting part comprises a second cutter body, and at least one second cutter body is arranged at the periphery of the first cutting part.

3. The reamer cutting device of claim 2, wherein the second cutting portion further comprises a third cutter body, the second cutter body is positioned in the advancing direction of the third cutter body, and the lengths of the outer ends of at least two of the blades of the third cutter body to the rotation axis thereof are different.

4. The reamer cutting device of claim 3, wherein the third cutter body is sleeved on the second cutter body, the third cutter body and the second cutter body rotate coaxially, and the third cutter body is an eccentric structure relative to the rotation axis of the third cutter body.

5. The reaming type cutting device according to claim 4, wherein at least four groups of the second cutter body and the third cutter body are arranged and distributed on the periphery of the first cutting part to form a rectangular section;

the axial lengths of adjacent second cutter bodies and/or adjacent third cutter bodies are different.

6. The reaming type cutting device according to any one of claims 2 to 5, further comprising a support frame, wherein the first cutting portion and the second cutting portion are both connected to the support frame, the support frame is a rectangular frame, and the periphery of the support frame is provided with trimming cutting teeth.

7. The reaming type cutting device according to claim 1, wherein a guiding and supporting assembly is connected between the supporting rod and the first cutter body, the guiding and supporting assembly comprises a sliding member and a reinforcing rod, the sliding member is slidably connected to the supporting rod, and two ends of the reinforcing rod are respectively hinged to the sliding member and the first cutter body.

8. The reamer cutting device of claim 1, wherein the first cutting portion further comprises a telescopic driving member, two ends of the telescopic driving member are respectively connected with the first cutter body and the support rod, and the telescopic driving member is telescopic to drive the first cutter body to open or contract.

9. A heading machine comprising a reamer cutting device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A tunneling construction process is characterized in that a tunneling machine is provided with the reaming type cutting device according to any one of claims 2-8;

the tunneling construction process comprises the following steps:

the first cutting part rotates to drill and advances forwards, and the second cutting part rotates to cut and advances forwards synchronously with the first cutting part;

the first cutting portion is advanced to a target position and then stops advancing;

the first cutter body is opened towards the direction far away from the supporting rod, the first cutting part is expanded in a rotating mode, and meanwhile the supporting device of the heading machine supports.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of roadway tunneling equipment, in particular to a reaming type cutting device, a tunneling machine and a tunneling construction process.

Background

Along with the improvement of the social and economic development level of China, the occupation of young technical workers is reduced rapidly, and the driving working face highlights the urgent situation of no people in the future. The coal roadway excavation in China faces the problems of low roadway forming speed, low level of mechanization and automation and the like. The contradiction between the working face stoping speed and the roadway forming speed leads to the tension of mining and tunneling, and further improvement of scientific yield of coal mines is hindered. Therefore, the coal roadway is tunneled quickly, mechanized people reduction and automatic people replacement are implemented, and the increase of the roadway forming speed is the necessary requirement for high yield and high efficiency of the coal mine.

At present, the supporting construction and the tunneling construction of a coal roadway tunneling process mainly using a cantilever type tunneling machine cannot be carried out at the same time, and the efficiency improvement of the coal roadway tunneling construction is hindered. The cantilever type heading machine is a main machine type for heading coal roadways at present, and has 2 main problems:

(1) the cantilever is longer, the occupied space is overlarge, and the length of the cantilever occupies the space of support operation, so that the separation of the tunneling and support construction procedures is caused, namely, the tunneling is firstly carried out and then the support is carried out, and the tunneling construction and the support operation cannot be carried out simultaneously.

(2) The cantilever type heading machine can realize the cutting of the full section of the roadway only by moving the machine body left and right in the tunneling construction of the roadway, and the tunneling and coal discharging of the roadway can not be realized under the condition of not moving the machine body, so that the time consumption is longer, and the improvement of the tunneling efficiency is hindered.

In order to dig and discharge coal without moving the machine body, a technician provides a rectangular full-face tunneling machine, and a cutting part of the full-face tunneling machine can cut and propel the full face of the roadway at one time. However, the full-face tunneling machine is still in a research and development stage, and is relatively rarely applied to coal roadway tunneling. Meanwhile, the resistance of full-section propulsion is large, and the situation that the propulsion cannot be performed is often caused when the hard geological working condition (such as rock) is met; and the direction of the full-face cutting part is difficult to control, and the deviation of the tunneling direction is easily caused.

In combination with the above, in the prior art, the main factors influencing the coal roadway tunneling speed are that the roadway supporting process is complex, the propelling resistance is large, the occupied time is long, and full-face cutting is difficult to realize.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art. Therefore, the reaming type cutting device provided by the invention can realize reaming drilling, can simultaneously carry out reaming drilling and roadway support, shortens the construction time, and is suitable for the working condition with large propulsion resistance.

The invention also provides a heading machine.

The invention also provides a tunneling construction process.

A reamer cutting device according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the invention comprises:

the first cutting part comprises a first cutter body, a supporting rod and a rotating driving piece, the supporting rod is connected to the rotating driving piece, the first cutter body is hinged to the supporting rod, the first cutter body is driven by external force to open in the direction far away from the supporting rod or contract in the direction close to the supporting rod, and the rotating driving piece drives the first cutter body to rotate through the supporting rod.

According to the reaming type cutting device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the problem that the development of the development machine is difficult under the hard geological condition can be effectively solved, and the high-efficiency development of the development machine can be realized; the simultaneous and parallel operation of reaming excavation construction and roadway supporting construction is realized; the supporting operation can be carried out along with the reaming type cutting device, so that the empty-top distance is effectively shortened, and the construction safety is improved; can be used in rock drift, coal drift and half coal rock drift.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, further comprising: the first cutting part is arranged in the advancing direction of the second cutting part;

the second cutting part comprises a second cutter body, and at least one second cutter body is arranged at the periphery of the first cutting part.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the second cutting part further comprises a third cutter body, the second cutter body is located in the advancing direction of the third cutter body, and the lengths of the outer ends of at least two of the blades of the third cutter body to the rotation axis thereof are different.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the third cutter body is sleeved on the second cutter body, the third cutter body and the second cutter body rotate coaxially, and the third cutter body is an eccentric structure relative to the rotation axis of the third cutter body.

According to one embodiment of the invention, at least four groups of the second cutter body and the third cutter body are arranged and distributed on the periphery of the first cutting part to form a rectangular section.

According to an embodiment of the invention, the axial length of adjacent second cutter bodies and/or adjacent third cutter bodies is different.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the cutting device further comprises a support frame, the first cutting part and the second cutting part are both connected to the support frame, the support frame is a rectangular frame, and the periphery of the support frame is provided with the shape-modifying cutting teeth.

According to one embodiment of the invention at least two of said second cutting parts have different distances to said support frame.

According to one embodiment of the invention, a guide support assembly is connected between the support rod and the first cutter body, the guide support assembly comprises a sliding part and a reinforcing rod, the sliding part is slidably connected to the support rod, and two ends of the reinforcing rod are respectively hinged with the sliding part and the first cutter body.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the first cutting portion further includes a telescopic driving member, two ends of the telescopic driving member are respectively connected to the first cutter body and the support rod, and the telescopic driving member is telescopic to drive the first cutter body to open or contract.

A heading machine according to an embodiment of the second aspect of the invention comprises the reamer cutting device.

According to the tunneling construction process of the embodiment of the third aspect of the invention, the hole expanding type cutting device is arranged on the tunneling machine;

the tunneling construction process comprises the following steps:

the first cutting part rotates to drill and advances forwards, and the second cutting part rotates to cut and advances forwards synchronously with the first cutting part;

the first cutting portion is advanced to a target position and then stops advancing;

the first cutter body is opened towards the direction far away from the supporting rod, the first cutting part is expanded in a rotating mode, and meanwhile the supporting device of the heading machine supports.

One or more technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention have at least one of the following technical effects:

the first cutting part moves forward under the driving of the tunneling machine, and the first cutter body performs rotary drilling simultaneously; after the first cutter body drills to the set depth, the first cutter body can be opened relative to the supporting rod to perform reaming and drilling, and reaming cutting is achieved. In the reaming and cutting process of the first cutter body, the heading machine is fixed, the supporting device on the heading machine can perform supporting operation, the heading construction and the supporting construction are performed synchronously, the construction efficiency is improved, the safety is improved by timely supporting, and meanwhile, the empty top distance is reduced, so that the safety is further improved.

Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic front view of a reamer cutting device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a reamer cutting device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic side view of a first cutter body of the reamer cutting device according to an embodiment of the present invention in a contracted state;

fig. 4 is a side view of the reamer cutting device according to the embodiment of the present invention, showing the opened state of the first blade.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view illustrating a connection relationship between a second cutter body and a third cutter body of the reamer cutting device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

reference numerals:

1. a second blade body; 2. a third blade body; 3. a first cutter body; 4. a support frame; 5. a telescopic driving member; 6. a support bar; 7. a guide support assembly; 71. a slider; 72. a reinforcing bar; 8. a structural center; 9. a center of rotation.

Detailed Description

The embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred devices or elements must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "connected" and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. Specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention can be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.

In embodiments of the invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through intervening media. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of an embodiment of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.

Referring to fig. 1-5, in one embodiment of the present invention, a reamer cutting device is provided, comprising: the first cutting part comprises a first cutter body 3, a support rod 6 and a rotary driving piece, the support rod 6 is connected to the rotary driving piece, the first cutter body 3 is hinged to the support rod 6, the first cutter body 3 is driven by external force to be opened towards the direction far away from the support rod 6 or to be contracted towards the direction close to the support rod 6, and the rotary driving piece drives the first cutter body 3 to rotate through the support rod 6.

The position where the first knife body 3 is hinged to the support rod 6 is generally the end of the first knife body, and the position where the first knife body 3 is driven by external force to be far away from or close to the support rod 6 can be any position with a certain distance from the hinged end. When the first blade body 3 is provided in plurality, the first blade body 3 is opened with respect to the support rod 6 to form a taper shape, similar to the opened state of the umbrella.

The shell of the rotary driving piece is fixedly arranged, the output end of the rotary driving piece is connected with the supporting rod 6 and can drive the supporting rod 6 to rotate, and the first knife body 3 is connected with the supporting rod 6 and rotates synchronously with the supporting rod 6. The rotary driving member can be an electric motor, a hydraulic motor and other devices capable of providing rotary power.

After the tunneling construction is started, the first cutter body 3 and the support rod 6 are kept in a relatively fixed state (in a contracted state as shown in fig. 3), the driving piece is rotated to drive the support rod 6 to rotate, the tunneling machine drives the first cutting part to enter a to-be-tunneled working face and provides advancing power for the first cutting part, and the first cutting part advances and rotationally drills a hole which is tapered.

After the first cutting part enters the set depth of the working surface to be tunneled, namely the first cutting part is forwards pushed to the target position, the tunneling machine stops advancing, and the first cutting part does not advance any more. At this time, the first cutter body 3 is gradually opened with respect to the support rod 6 by being driven by an external force (an opened state as shown in fig. 4), and the first cutter body 3 is rotated in synchronization with the support rod 6 to perform reaming and drilling. In the reaming and drilling process, the heading machine does not move, and the heading machine can simultaneously carry out supporting work, so that synchronous heading and supporting are realized, and the construction efficiency is improved.

When the first cutter body 3 is opened to the limit position (namely, the first cutter body cannot be opened continuously) and drilling and digging are completed, the driving piece is rotated to stop driving, the first cutter body 3 is driven by external force to contract towards the supporting rod 6 to the initial state, the first cutting part completes one-time drilling and digging, the whole drilling and digging process is simple, and the operation is simple and convenient.

The reaming type cutting device of the embodiment can effectively solve the problem that the development machine is difficult to advance under the hard geological condition, and can realize the high-efficiency development of the development machine. In addition, reaming formula cutting device can also make reaming tunnelling construction and tunnel support construction go on simultaneously to realize parallel operation, can effectively improve tunnelling efficiency, can be arranged in rock tunnel, coal road and half coal rock road. Meanwhile, the supporting device can support along with the reaming type cutting device, so that the empty-roof distance is effectively shortened, and the construction safety is improved.

In another embodiment, the reamer cutting device further comprises: the first cutting part is arranged in the advancing direction of the second cutting part; the first cutting part and the second cutting part cut simultaneously, and the second cutting part is used for cutting the working surface at the periphery of the first cutting part to form a cutting surface with a target shape. The cutting surface of the target shape includes a circular section, a rectangular section, and the like. The advancing direction of the second cutting part refers to the direction of the reaming type cutting device heading construction towards the working face to be tunneled under the driving action of the tunneling machine.

Embodiments of the second cutting part are provided below.

The second cutting part comprises a second cutter body 1, at least one second cutter body 1 is arranged on the periphery of the first cutting part, and the second cutter body 1 rotates to cut at the corresponding position. The second cutter body 1 is provided in plurality to cut a plurality of positions of the periphery of the first cutting part. Wherein, the second cutter body 1 is the disk cutter body, and the circumference of disk cutter body is equipped with a plurality of blades, all is equipped with the second cutting tooth on every blade, improves the cutting efficiency. Wherein, the plurality of second cutter bodies 1 may be distributed in a circular shape or a rectangular shape at the outer circumference of the first cutting portion to form a circular section or a rectangular section.

The second cutter body 1 can effectively expand the cutting area and cut to form cutting surfaces of different shapes according to requirements. The first cutter body 3 is positioned in the advancing direction of the second cutter body 1, a distance is axially arranged between the first cutter body 3 and the second cutter body 1, the first cutter body 3 and the second cutter body 1 cannot be crossed and interfered, and the first cutter body 3 and the second cutter body 1 can be ensured to independently and stably operate under the condition that the cutting areas of the first cutter body 3 and the second cutter body 1 are crossed.

Further, the second cutting portion further comprises a third cutter body 2, the second cutter body 1 is located in the advancing direction of the third cutter body 2, the second cutter body 1 is capable of cutting by autorotation to form a circular cutting surface, the second cutter body 1 is capable of cutting by autorotation to form most of the area of the corresponding position of the second cutting portion, and the third cutter body 2 is used for assisting the second cutter body 1 in cutting to form a right-angled position of a rectangular cutting surface.

As shown in fig. 5, the outer ends of at least two blades of the third body 2 are at different distances from the axis of rotation (center of rotation 9) thereof. In the case of the third blade body 2 having the same length of the blades, the rotational profile of at least one blade can reach the right-angled position of the rectangular section, forming a rectangular section. Further, under the condition that the lengths of the blades of the third cutter body 2 are different, as shown in fig. 5, the length of the upper left blade of the third cutter body 2 is greater than that of the other two blades, and the rotational contour of the upper left blade of the third cutter body 2 can reach the right-angled position of the rectangular section to form the rectangular section. Wherein, the inner and outer are divided with respect to the distance to the rotation axis, and the outer end is the end far away from the rotation axis.

Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 5, the third knife body 2 is sleeved on the second knife body 1, that is, the rotating shaft of the third knife body 2 is sleeved on the rotating shaft of the second knife body 1. The third cutter body 2 and the second cutter body 1 rotate coaxially, and the third cutter body 2 is of an eccentric structure relative to the rotating axis of the third cutter body. It is understood that the second body 1 and the third body 2 rotate about an axis of rotation corresponding to the centre of rotation 9, the centre of construction 8 of the third body 2 not coinciding with its centre of rotation 9, as shown in figure 5. An eccentric design exists between the rotating shaft of the third cutter body 2 and the rotating shaft of the second cutter body 1, so that the blades of the third cutter body 2 can reach the right-angle position of the rectangular cutting surface, and the rectangular cutting requirement is met.

The second cutter body 1 and the third cutter body 2 are respectively driven by independent driving structures in a rotating way, or the second cutter body 1 and the third cutter body 2 are driven by the same driving structure and are driven by different transmission structures.

The rotation directions of the second cutter body 1 and the third cutter body 2 are the same or opposite, and can be selected according to the structure shape and the installation space of the driving structure and the transmission structure. In the reamer cutting device shown in fig. 1-4, the second cutter body 1 and the third cutter body 2 rotate in opposite directions, and are suitable for installing a rotary driving structure and a transmission structure.

Specifically, the second cutter body 1 and the third cutter body 2 are at least provided with four groups, at least four right-angle positions of a rectangular surface are respectively provided with one group, and the four groups of first cutter bodies 3 and the second cutter body 1 cut to form four right-angle positions of a rectangular section and are matched with the first cutting part to complete the forming of the rectangular section on the whole to-be-tunneled working surface so as to cut the full section. The number of the second cutter body 1 and the third cutter body 2 can be adjusted according to the requirement according to the different sizes of the working faces to be tunneled.

Wherein, the third cutter body 2 also is the disc structure, and the circumference of disc cutter body is equipped with a plurality of blades, also sets up the third cutting tooth on every blade, improves the cutting efficiency. The shape of the second cutting teeth on the second body 1 may be the same or different from the shape of the third cutting teeth on the third body 2.

The different axial lengths of the adjacent second cutter bodies 1 can also be understood as the different distances from the adjacent second cutter bodies 1 to the support frame 4 (or other fixed structure of the heading machine) in the following, so as to avoid the cross interference of the blades of the adjacent second cutter bodies 1 on the same plane in the rotating process. It can be understood that when the blades of the two second cutter bodies 1 in the horizontal direction are subjected to cross interference, the axial lengths of the two second cutter bodies 1 in the horizontal direction are different (i.e. the blades of the two second cutter bodies 1 extend out of the end face of the supporting frame 4 by different distances); when the blades of the two second cutter bodies 1 in the vertical direction are subjected to cross interference, the axial lengths of the two second cutter bodies 1 in the vertical direction are different (that is, the distances from the blades of the two second cutter bodies 1 to the end surface of the supporting frame 4 are different).

The third cutter body 2 and the second cutter body 1 are relatively fixed, and similarly, the distance from the third cutter body 2 to the support frame 4 changes along with the distance from the second cutter body 1 to the support frame 4. Alternatively, the third tool body 2 may be axially position adjustable independently of the second tool body 1, i.e. the distance of the third tool body 2 to the support 4 may be directly adjustable to prevent the adjacent third tool bodies 2 from interfering with each other.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the two second cutting parts in the vertical direction have different axial lengths, and the two second cutting parts in the vertical direction have different distances from the end surface of the support frame 4.

The first cutting part is matched with the second cutting part, so that full-face cutting of a rectangular roadway can be realized, a machine body of the boring machine does not need to be moved left and right in construction, the hole expanding type cutting device does not need to be moved left and right, and the boring machine only provides forward power for the hole expanding type cutting device. In addition, the safety can be improved, and when the first cutting part carries out conical cutting holes, the rock stratum or coal bed which is not cut can form effective support.

In another embodiment, the reaming type cutting device further comprises a support frame 4, the first cutting part and the second cutting part are both connected to the support frame 4, and the reaming type cutting device is connected with the body of the heading machine through the support frame 4. Specifically, the casing of the rotary driving member can be connected to the supporting frame 4, and the driving structure of the second cutter body 1 and the third cutter body 2 can also be arranged in the supporting frame 4.

Furthermore, the shape of the support frame 4 is the same as the target shape of the working face to be tunneled, and the support frame 4 can also play a role in supporting. The periphery of support frame 4 is equipped with the profile modification cutting teeth, and the profile modification cutting teeth welds on support frame 4, plays moulding and the effect of catchmenting.

When the target shape of the working face to be tunneled is rectangular, the support frame 4 is a rectangular frame, and the periphery of the support frame 4 is provided with the shape-modifying cutting teeth, so that the rectangular roadway can be molded. Referring to fig. 2-4, the supporting frame 4 is a rectangular box, and a driving structure and other parts can be installed in the supporting frame 4 to protect the parts; moreover, the support stability of the rectangular box body structure is good, and the support effect is improved. Similarly, when the target shape of the working face to be tunneled is circular, the support frame 4 is a cylindrical frame to assist in roadway forming and support.

Embodiments of the first cutting portion are provided below.

One embodiment of the external force driving the first blade 3 to open or contract:

the first cutting part further comprises a telescopic drive 5, the telescopic drive 5 being adapted to provide an external drive for the opening or retracting process of the first blade 3. The two ends of the telescopic driving piece 5 are respectively hinged with the first knife body 3 and the supporting piece, and the telescopic driving piece 5 stretches and retracts to drive the first knife body 3 to open or retract. The telescopic driving member 5 is linearly telescopic, such as an air cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, an electric cylinder, a linear motor and the like.

Another embodiment where the first blade body 3 is driven to open or contract by an external force:

a connecting rod is arranged between the supporting rod 6 and the first knife body 3, the connecting rod is connected to the supporting rod 6 in a sliding mode, the connecting rod slides along the axial direction of the supporting rod 6 and pushes the first knife body 3 to be opened or contracted, and the umbrella opening process is similar to the umbrella opening process. The sliding power of the connecting rod can be provided by an air cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, a linear motor, an electric cylinder and the like.

The opening and retracting processes of the first blade body 3 are implemented in various ways and are not limited to the above two ways.

Wherein, first cutter body 3 is a plurality of at 6 circumference evenly distributed of bracing piece, guarantees the cutting efficiency. The number of the telescopic driving pieces 5 or the connecting rods corresponds to the number of the first cutter bodies 3, and each first cutter body 3 can be stably opened and contracted. Preferably, the number of the first cutter bodies 3 is three in the circumferential direction of the support rod 6, so that the support rod 6 is stressed evenly, and the cutting efficiency is effectively improved.

Furthermore, a guiding and supporting component 7 is connected between the supporting rod 6 and the first knife body 3, and the guiding and supporting component 7 provides guiding and supporting functions for the first knife body 3 in the opening or contraction process of the first knife body 3, so that the first knife body 3 is ensured to be opened and contracted stably. The guide support component 7 is arranged between the hinging position of the first cutter body 3 and the support rod 6 and the external force driving position.

Specifically, the guide support assembly 7 includes a sliding member 71 and a reinforcing rod 72, the sliding member 71 is slidably connected to the support rod 6, and two ends of the reinforcing rod 72 are respectively hinged to the sliding member 71 and the first blade 3. During the opening of the first blade body 3, the reinforcing rod 72 moves with the first blade body 3 and drives the sliding member 71 to slide for support.

In one embodiment of the sliding member 71, the sliding member 71 is a sliding ring, the sliding ring is sleeved on the support rod 6, when the number of the first cutter bodies 3 is multiple, the circumferential direction of the sliding ring is uniformly connected with a plurality of reinforcing rods 72, and at least one reinforcing rod 72 is connected to each first cutter body 3.

The first tool body 3 comprises a support and cutting picks which are uniformly distributed on the support, and the reinforcing rod 72 and the telescopic driving piece 5 are hinged to the support.

The housing of the rotary drive member may also be fixed to a fixed structure such as the body of the heading machine.

In another embodiment of the invention, a heading machine is provided, which comprises the reaming type cutting device of any embodiment, and reaming heading and full-face heading are realized.

In another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1-5, a tunneling construction process is provided, wherein the tunneling machine is provided with the reaming type cutting device.

The tunneling construction process comprises the following steps:

the first cutting part rotates to drill and advance, a conical hole is formed by rotary drilling, meanwhile, the second cutting part rotates to cut and advances synchronously with the first cutting part, and the second cutting part cuts the periphery of the conical hole to form a cutting surface with a target shape;

the first cutting part is pushed forwards to a target position and then stops pushing forwards, namely the first cutting part reaches a set depth;

the first cutter body 3 is opened towards the direction far away from the support rod 6, the first cutting part is expanded in a rotating mode, and meanwhile the support device of the heading machine supports.

The construction process is specifically explained by taking the example of forming a rectangular tunnel by tunneling in a coal mine tunnel.

Before the boring work, the first blade body 3 is in a contracted state as shown in fig. 3.

After the tunneling construction is started, the first cutting part rotates and the first cutter body 3 keeps a contraction state, forward propelling force is provided by the tunneling machine, and at the moment, the first cutting part can gradually penetrate into a coal seam to form a conical hole. In this process, the second cutter body 1 and the third cutter body 2 of the second cutting part are simultaneously rotated to cut to form a rectangular tunnel section.

After the first cutting part enters the coal bed to a set depth, the tunneling machine stops advancing, the telescopic driving part 5 extends out and drives the three first cutter bodies 3 to do expanding motion in the direction far away from the support rod 6, and the conical holes formed in the previous process are further expanded by the rotating expanding motion of the first cutting part, so that the expanded state shown in fig. 4 is formed. In the reaming and cutting process, the heading machine does not move, so that the supporting device on the heading machine can simultaneously support the roadway, the synchronous operation of heading and supporting is realized, and the heading efficiency is improved. During the process of extending the telescopic driving member 5, the sliding member 71 slides on the supporting rod 6 and the reinforcing rod 72 supports the first blade 3.

After the telescopic driving piece 5 extends to the maximum length, the rotating and expanding range of the first cutter body 3 reaches the maximum, and one-time drilling and digging of the conical hole is completed; then, the retractable driving member 5 starts to retract, returns to the retracted state shown in fig. 3, and maintains the retracted state, completing the cutting of one tapered hole, and preparing to enter the cutting of the next tapered hole.

And repeating the steps to carry out circulating construction.

The tunneling construction process can realize the following beneficial effects:

(1) the full-face tunneling and the rectangular lane forming can be realized without moving the machine body of the tunneling machine left and right in the construction process;

(2) the tunneling construction and the supporting construction can be carried out simultaneously, the parallel operation is realized, and the efficiency is improved;

(3) aiming at the full-section tunneling of hard geology, the problem of difficult propulsion can be effectively solved;

(4) on the construction head of the tunneling, besides the conical cutting holes, the uncut coal can form effective support, so that the safety is high; meanwhile, the support frame 4 also plays a role in supporting and protecting;

(5) the empty top distance is small, and the supporting operation can follow the back of the support frame 4, so that the empty top distance is effectively shortened, and the construction safety is further improved.

The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various combinations, modifications or equivalents may be made to the technical solution of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, and the technical solution of the present invention is covered by the claims of the present invention.