阅读说明：本技术 一种盾构机刀盘及其控制方法 (Shield tunneling machine cutter head and control method thereof ) 是由 吴昊 于 2021-08-31 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及隧道掘进设备技术领域,公开了一种盾构机刀盘及其控制方法,包括刀盘壳体,刀盘壳体上安装有外刀盘,外刀盘内设有至少两个内刀盘,内刀盘包括一级内刀盘和二级内刀盘,外刀盘和内刀盘上均安装有主刀具,内刀盘上设有漏孔,刀盘壳体中设有与内刀盘连接的传动组件,内刀盘通过传动组件与伸缩组件连接,传动组件中包括有转动连接件,通过多级内刀盘以及伸缩组件的设置,使盾构机的刀盘可以是平面切削也可以为多级的阶梯切削,从而能够适应不同的土质以及工作要求,可根据岩土层的实际情况选择阶梯之间的高度；在多级阶梯切削时,可使相邻的刀盘转动方向相反,提高岩层破碎效率,进而提高掘进效率。(The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel tunneling equipment, and discloses a shield tunneling machine cutter head and a control method thereof, wherein the shield tunneling machine cutter head comprises a cutter head shell, an outer cutter head is arranged on the cutter head shell, at least two inner cutter heads are arranged in the outer cutter head, each inner cutter head comprises a first-stage inner cutter head and a second-stage inner cutter head, main cutters are arranged on the outer cutter head and the inner cutter heads, leak holes are formed in the inner cutter heads, a transmission assembly connected with the inner cutter heads is arranged in the cutter head shell, the inner cutter heads are connected with a telescopic assembly through the transmission assembly, a rotary connecting piece is arranged in the transmission assembly, and the cutter heads of the shield tunneling machine can be subjected to plane cutting or multi-stage ladder cutting through the arrangement of the multi-stage inner cutter heads and the telescopic assembly, so that the shield tunneling machine cutter head can adapt to different soil qualities and working requirements, and the height between the ladders can be selected according to the actual situation of rock-soil layers; when multi-stage ladder cutting is carried out, the rotating directions of the adjacent cutter heads are opposite, the rock stratum crushing efficiency is improved, and the tunneling efficiency is further improved.)

1. The utility model provides a shield constructs quick-witted blade disc which characterized in that: including cutter head housing (1), install outer blade disc (2) on cutter head housing (1), be equipped with two at least interior blade discs in outer blade disc (2), interior blade disc includes blade disc (6) in the one-level and blade disc (7) in the second grade, all install main cutter (3) on outer blade disc (2) and the interior blade disc, be equipped with weeping hole (5) on the interior blade disc, be equipped with in cutter head housing (1) with the transmission assembly that interior blade disc is connected, interior blade disc passes through transmission assembly is connected with flexible subassembly (12), including rotating the connecting piece in the transmission assembly.

2. The shield tunneling machine cutterhead according to claim 1, wherein: outer blade disc (2) with the contact surface and the multistage of interior blade disc contact surface each other all is provided with vice cutter (4), be equipped with the holding tank that corresponds the setting with vice cutter (4) on the interior blade disc.

3. The shield tunneling machine cutterhead according to claim 2, wherein: the accommodating groove and the auxiliary cutter (4) are in clearance fit, and the minimum clearance is zero.

4. The shield tunneling machine cutterhead according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein: and the cutter head shell (1) and the inner cutter head are respectively provided with a people passing channel for people to pass through.

5. The shield tunneling machine cutterhead according to claim 4, wherein: the transmission assembly is characterized in that the transmission assembly is further respectively installed on the first-stage inner cutter head (6) and the second-stage inner cutter head (7) and is provided with a first telescopic transmission member (8) and a second telescopic transmission member (9), and the rotary connection member comprises a first rotary connection member (13) connected with the first-stage inner cutter head (6) and a second rotary connection member (14) connected with the second-stage inner cutter head (7).

6. The shield tunneling machine cutterhead of claim 5, wherein: and a connecting piece (10) used for connecting the second telescopic transmission piece (9) is arranged in the first telescopic transmission piece (8), and the second telescopic transmission piece (9) is connected with the telescopic component (12).

7. The shield tunneling machine cutterhead according to claim 6, wherein: the connecting piece (10) is a telescopic bolt, and a bolt hole corresponding to the telescopic bolt is formed in the second telescopic transmission piece (9).

8. The shield tunneling machine cutterhead according to claim 7, wherein: first flexible driving medium (8) are the annular, second flexible driving medium (9) are the disc, and second flexible driving medium (9) set up in first flexible driving medium (8), connecting piece (10) along first flexible driving medium (8) inner wall evenly sets up.

9. The control method applied to the shield tunneling machine cutterhead of any one of claims 1-8 is characterized in that: determining the current working geology, and selecting a cutter head structure according to the geological structure;

when the overall hardness of the rock stratum is lower, a plane cutting mode is selected, the cutter head is a plane cutter head at the moment, and the front rock stratum is integrally cut;

when the integral hardness of the rock stratum is higher, a multi-stage cutting mode is selected, and the telescopic assembly drives the inner cutter disc to contract inwards to form a multi-stage cutting structure;

when the shield machine is in a multi-stage cutting mode, the rotary driving assembly in the shield machine is respectively connected with the inner cutter discs, the rotating direction of the inner cutter discs can be selected, the rotating directions of the adjacent cutter discs are opposite, and the effect of quickly crushing rock strata is achieved.

10. The method for controlling the cutter head of the shield tunneling machine according to claim 9, wherein: when the tool needs to be changed, an instruction is sent to the telescopic assembly to enable the inner cutter disc to contract inwards, and after the inner cutter disc is contracted, the people passing channel in the cutter disc shell and the inner cutter disc is opened.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel excavation equipment, in particular to a shield tunneling machine cutter head and a control method thereof.

Background

The cutter head of the shield machine at the present stage is of a disc-shaped planar structure, a cutter is arranged on the cutter head, in the process of tunneling, the shield machine is integrally pushed forward, the cutter cuts a soil layer in front, a main tunneling surface of the cutter head and the cutter on the cutter head are respectively positioned on the same plane, and the cutter head and the cutter simultaneously and directly bear the integral grinding force of a tunnel rock stratum, so that the main stress surface of the cutter head and the cutter bear large stress and serious abrasion, the tunneling speed is not favorably improved, the service lives of the cutter head and the cutter are also reduced, moreover, the cutter head of the planar structure at the present stage is relatively complex in cutter changing, as disclosed in a Chinese patent CN201910655377.3 shield machine cutter head system and a cutter changing method thereof, the manipulator is utilized for cutter changing, the manipulator is relatively far away from the cutter head, the required displacement distance is relatively long, the movement space of the manipulator needs to be reserved in the shield machine, and the space utilization rate inside the shield machine is reduced, the present application is proposed to solve the above problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a shield tunneling machine cutter head and a control method thereof, which are used for solving the problems of short service life and inconvenient cutter changing of the shield tunneling machine cutter head in the prior art.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme.

The shield tunneling machine cutter head and the control method thereof comprise a cutter head shell, wherein an outer cutter head is arranged on the cutter head shell, at least two inner cutter heads are arranged in the outer cutter head, each inner cutter head comprises a first-stage inner cutter head and a second-stage inner cutter head, main cutters are arranged on the outer cutter head and the inner cutter heads, a leak hole is formed in the inner cutter head, a transmission assembly connected with the inner cutter head is arranged in the cutter head shell, the inner cutter head is connected with a telescopic assembly through the transmission assembly, and the transmission assembly comprises a rotary connecting piece.

Further, the contact surface of outer blade disc with interior blade disc and multistage interior blade disc contact surface each other all is provided with vice cutter, be equipped with the holding tank that corresponds the setting with vice cutter on the interior blade disc.

Further, clearance fit is adopted between the accommodating groove and the auxiliary cutter, and the minimum clearance is zero.

Furthermore, a people passing channel for people to pass through is arranged in the cutter head shell and the inner cutter head.

Further, the drive assembly is still including installing respectively in the blade disc in the one-level with first flexible driving medium and the flexible driving medium of second on the blade disc in the second grade, rotate the connecting piece include with the first rotation connecting piece that the blade disc is connected in the one-level with the second rotation connecting piece that the blade disc is connected in the second grade.

Furthermore, a connecting piece used for connecting the second telescopic transmission piece is arranged in the first telescopic transmission piece, and the second telescopic transmission piece is connected with the telescopic assembly.

Furthermore, the connecting piece is a telescopic bolt, and a bolt hole corresponding to the telescopic bolt is formed in the second telescopic transmission piece.

Further, first flexible driving medium is the annular, second flexible driving medium is the disc, and second flexible driving medium sets up in the first flexible driving medium, the connecting piece along first flexible driving medium inner wall evenly sets up.

The control method of the shield machine cutterhead comprises the steps of determining the current working geology and selecting a cutterhead structure according to the geological structure;

when the overall hardness of the rock stratum is lower, a plane cutting mode is selected, the cutter head is a plane cutter head at the moment, and the front rock stratum is integrally cut;

when the integral hardness of the rock stratum is higher, a multi-stage cutting mode is selected, and the telescopic assembly drives the inner cutter disc to contract inwards to form a multi-stage cutting structure;

when the shield machine is in a multi-stage cutting mode, the rotary driving assembly in the shield machine is respectively connected with the inner cutter discs, the rotating direction of the inner cutter discs can be selected, the rotating directions of the adjacent cutter discs are opposite, and the effect of quickly crushing rock strata is achieved.

Furthermore, when the tool needs to be changed, an instruction is sent to the telescopic assembly to enable the inner cutter disc to contract inwards, and after the inner cutter disc is contracted, the people passing channel in the cutter disc shell and the inner cutter disc is opened.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

through the arrangement of the multi-stage inner cutter head and the telescopic assembly, the cutter head of the shield tunneling machine can be used for plane cutting or multi-stage ladder cutting, so that different soil qualities and working requirements can be met, the height between the ladders can be selected according to the actual condition of a rock-soil layer, when long-time crushing is needed, the distance between the ladders is increased, and the time for crushing the rock-soil is prolonged; when multi-stage ladder cutting is carried out, the rotating directions of the adjacent cutter heads are opposite, so that shearing force can be formed with a rock stratum, the rock stratum crushing efficiency is improved, and the tunneling efficiency is further improved;

a people passing channel is arranged in the cutter head; when changing cutter or maintenance cutter, make interior cutter dish and to the internal contraction to form the space between cutter dish and stratum, the staff can enter into the space through the people passageway, thereby the condition of learning the cutter dish that can be convenient is convenient for maintain and change cutter dish and cutter.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a shield tunneling machine cutterhead of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a front view of a cutter head of a shield tunneling machine;

fig. 3 is a side sectional structure schematic diagram of a shield tunneling machine cutterhead.

Detailed Description

The present invention is described in detail below with reference to fig. 1-3.

The shield tunneling machine cutter head and the control method thereof comprise a cutter head shell 1, wherein an outer cutter head 2 is installed on the cutter head shell 1, at least two inner cutter heads are arranged in the outer cutter head 2, each inner cutter head comprises a first-stage inner cutter head 6 and a second-stage inner cutter head 7, main cutters 3 are installed on the outer cutter head 2 and the inner cutter heads, a leakage hole 5 is formed in each inner cutter head, the leakage holes 5 are used for discharging broken stones and muck, a transmission assembly connected with the inner cutter heads is arranged in the cutter head shell 1, the inner cutter heads are connected with a telescopic assembly 12 through the transmission assembly, the telescopic assembly 12 is a hydraulic cylinder or an electric cylinder, and the transmission assembly comprises a rotary connecting piece and is used for being connected with a rotary driving mechanism in a shield tunneling machine.

When cutting softer rock-soil layer, the outer cutter head 2, the first-level inner cutter head 6 and the second-level inner cutter head 7 are positioned on the same plane, at the moment, the cutter head of the shield machine integrally and simultaneously cuts the rock-soil layer, the outer cutter head, the first-level inner cutter head 6 and the second-level inner cutter head 7 simultaneously rotate for cutting, when cutting harder rock-soil layer, the cutter head directly bears the grinding force action of the whole tunnel rock layer at the same time, so that the main stress surface of the cutter head and the cutter bear larger stress and are seriously worn, at the moment, the telescopic assembly 12 is opened, the telescopic assembly 12 respectively drives the first-level inner cutter head 6 and the second-level inner cutter head 7 to move inwards, so that a ladder shape is formed, multi-level cutting is realized, the problems of quicker wear and shortened service life caused by the larger stress borne by the cutter head and the cutter are solved, moreover, the height between the ladder can be selected according to the actual situation of the rock-soil layer, when the crushing needs a longer time, the distance between the steps is increased, the time for crushing rock soil is prolonged, and after a multi-stage cutting structure is formed, a rotation driving mechanism in the shield machine is respectively connected with transmission assemblies of the first-stage inner cutter head 6 and the second-stage inner cutter head 7 and drives the first-stage inner cutter head 6 and the second-stage inner cutter head 7 to rotate, and the rotation directions of the first-stage inner cutter head 6 and the second-stage inner cutter head 7 are opposite, so that a shearing force can be formed with a rock stratum, the rock stratum crushing efficiency is improved, and the tunneling efficiency is further improved.

Beneficially, the contact surface of outer cutter disc 2 and interior blade disc and the mutual contact surface of multistage interior blade disc all are provided with vice cutter 4, are equipped with the holding tank that corresponds the setting with vice cutter 4 on the interior blade disc.

Advantageously, the receiving groove is a clearance fit with the counter-insert 4, the minimum clearance being zero.

After multi-stage ladder cutting is formed, the auxiliary cutters 4 between the cutter heads are leaked, the inward shrinkage distance of the inner cutter head is larger than or equal to the length of the auxiliary cutters 4, the auxiliary cutters 4 are prevented from influencing the rotation of the inner cutter head, the auxiliary cutters 4 are beneficial to crushing rock soil, and when the cutter head is integrally cut in a plane, the auxiliary cutters 4 can also play a role in transmission between the outer cutter head and the inner cutter head, so that the cutter head can rotate more stably.

Advantageously, a person passage is provided in both the cutterhead housing 1 and the inner cutterhead for the passage of a person.

When changing cutter or maintenance cutter, make interior cutter dish and to the internal contraction to form the space between cutter dish and stratum, the staff can enter into the space through the people passageway, thereby the condition of learning the cutter dish that can be convenient is convenient for maintain and change cutter dish and cutter.

Advantageously, the transmission assembly further comprises a first telescopic transmission member 8 and a second telescopic transmission member 9 respectively mounted on the first-stage inner cutterhead 6 and the second-stage inner cutterhead 7, the first telescopic transmission member 8 and the second telescopic transmission member 9 being respectively connected to the first-stage inner cutterhead 6 and the second-stage inner cutterhead 7 by connecting rods 11, the rotary connection members comprising a first rotary connection member 13 connected to the first-stage inner cutterhead 6 and a second rotary connection member 14 connected to the second-stage inner cutterhead 7.

Beneficially, be equipped with the connecting piece 10 that is used for connecting the flexible driving medium 9 of second in the first flexible driving medium 8, the flexible driving medium 9 of second is connected with flexible subassembly 12, after first flexible driving medium 8 and the flexible driving medium 9 of second pass through connecting piece 10 and connect, only need set up a flexible subassembly 12, flexible subassembly 12 drives first flexible driving medium 8 and the flexible driving medium 9 simultaneous movement of second earlier, after moving the stop position of blade disc 6 in the one-level, first flexible driving medium 8 and the flexible driving medium 9 of second break away from, flexible subassembly 12 continues to drive blade disc 7 in the second grade and moves to the assigned position.

Advantageously, the connecting element 10 is a telescopic bolt, and the second telescopic transmission element 9 has a bolt hole therein corresponding to the telescopic bolt.

Beneficially, first flexible driving medium 8 is the annular, and second flexible driving medium 9 is the disc, and second flexible driving medium 9 sets up in first flexible driving medium 8, and connecting piece 10 evenly sets up along first flexible driving medium 8 inner wall, makes the atress more even.

The control method of the shield machine cutterhead comprises the steps of determining the current working geology and selecting a cutterhead structure according to the geological structure;

when the overall hardness of the rock stratum is lower, a plane cutting mode is selected, the cutter head is a plane cutter head at the moment, and the front rock stratum is integrally cut;

when the integral hardness of the rock stratum is higher, a multi-stage cutting mode is selected, and the telescopic assembly drives the inner cutter disc to contract inwards to form a multi-stage cutting structure;

when the shield machine is in a multi-stage cutting mode, the rotary driving assembly in the shield machine is respectively connected with the inner cutter discs, the rotating direction of the inner cutter discs can be selected, the rotating directions of the adjacent cutter discs are opposite, and the effect of quickly crushing rock strata is achieved.

Beneficially, when tool changing is needed, an instruction is sent to the telescopic assembly to enable the inner cutter disc to contract inwards, after the inner cutter disc contracts, the people passing channel in the cutter disc shell and the inner cutter disc is opened, and an operator can reach between the cutter disc and the rock stratum to be cut through the people passing channel to maintain and replace tools on the cutter disc.

The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical ideas and features of the present invention, and the purpose thereof is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement the present invention, and not to limit the protection scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.