阅读说明：本技术 一种氧化锌脱除冶炼烟气中二氧化硫并制酸的装置及方法 (Device and method for removing sulfur dioxide in smelting flue gas and preparing acid by using zinc oxide ) 是由 胡新华 郭强 邓传宏 陈向贵 许锦康 张开祺 石礼 张石飞 欧源 徐兴 丁玲 于 2019-12-03 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种氧化锌脱除冶炼烟气中二氧化硫并制酸的装置及方法,装置包括第一除尘脱硫塔和第二脱硫净化塔；第一除尘脱硫塔内从下往上依次设有高能湍流洗涤段、一级除雾除尘器、气液双向分流装置、高能湍流一吸段；第二脱硫净化塔内从下往上依次设有高能湍流二吸段、二级除雾除尘器、气液双向分流装置、高能洗涤器、高能湍流水洗段和三级除雾除尘器。本发明可以完全契合铅锌企业生产工艺,以铅锌冶炼系统中间产物为脱硫剂,脱硫产物可回收利用、变废为宝既可以解决企业的脱硫产物处置问题,又可以降低运行成本。(The invention discloses a device and a method for removing sulfur dioxide in smelting flue gas by zinc oxide and preparing acid, wherein the device comprises a first dust removal desulfurization tower and a second desulfurization purification tower; a high-energy turbulent flow washing section, a primary demisting dust remover, a gas-liquid bidirectional flow dividing device and a high-energy turbulent flow suction section are sequentially arranged in the first dedusting and desulfurizing tower from bottom to top; and a high-energy turbulence secondary suction section, a secondary demisting dust remover, a gas-liquid bidirectional flow dividing device, a high-energy washer, a high-energy turbulence water washing section and a tertiary demisting dust remover are sequentially arranged in the second desulfurization purification tower from bottom to top. The method can completely fit the production process of the lead-zinc enterprises, takes the intermediate product of the lead-zinc smelting system as the desulfurizer, can recycle the desulfurization product, changes waste into valuable, solves the problem of disposal of the desulfurization product of the enterprises, and reduces the operation cost.)

1. A device for removing sulfur dioxide in smelting flue gas and preparing acid by zinc oxide is characterized by comprising a first dust removal desulfurization tower and a second desulfurization purification tower; a high-energy turbulence washing section, a primary demisting dust remover and a high-energy turbulence suction section are sequentially arranged in the first dedusting and desulfurizing tower from bottom to top; a high-energy turbulent flow secondary suction section, a secondary demisting and dust removing device, a high-energy washer, a high-energy turbulent flow water washing section and a tertiary demisting and dust removing device are sequentially arranged in the second desulfurization purification tower from bottom to top; the gas inlet of the first dust-removing desulfurization tower is positioned below the high-energy turbulent flow washing section, and the gas outlet of the first dust-removing desulfurization tower is positioned above the high-energy turbulent flow first suction section and communicated with the gas inlet of the second desulfurization purification tower; the gas inlet of the second desulfurization purification tower is positioned below the high-energy turbulent flow secondary suction section, and the gas outlet of the second desulfurization purification tower is positioned above the three-stage demisting dust remover; the high-energy turbulent flow washing section comprises at least one layer of spray head which is communicated with a first-stage washing liquid circulating groove through a washing pump, and washing liquid is loaded in the first-stage washing liquid circulating groove; the high-energy turbulence first suction section comprises at least one layer of spray heads which are communicated with a first-stage spray liquid circulating groove through a first-stage absorption pump, and spray liquid is loaded in the first-stage spray liquid circulating groove; the high-energy turbulent flow secondary suction section comprises at least one layer of spray heads which are communicated with a secondary spray liquid circulating groove through a secondary absorption pump, and spray liquid is loaded in the secondary spray liquid circulating groove; the high-energy turbulent water washing section comprises at least one layer of spray head which is communicated with a water washing circulating groove through a purifying pump, and clear water is loaded in the water washing circulating groove.

2. The device for removing sulfur dioxide from smelting flue gas and producing acid by using zinc oxide according to claim 1, wherein the primary washing liquid circulating tank is arranged at the bottom in the first dedusting and desulfurizing tower.

3. The device for removing sulfur dioxide from smelting flue gas and producing acid by using zinc oxide according to claim 1, wherein a first gas-liquid bidirectional flow dividing device is arranged between the high-energy turbulent suction section and the primary demister-stage, and the first gas-liquid bidirectional flow dividing device is communicated with a liquid inlet of the primary-stage spray liquid circulation tank.

4. The device for removing sulfur dioxide from smelting flue gas and producing acid by using zinc oxide according to claim 1, wherein the secondary spray liquid circulating tank is arranged at the bottom in the second desulfurization purification tower.

5. The device for removing sulfur dioxide from smelting flue gas and producing acid by using zinc oxide according to claim 1, wherein a second gas-liquid bidirectional flow dividing device is arranged between the high-energy scrubber and the secondary demisting and dedusting device, and the second gas-liquid bidirectional flow dividing device is communicated with a liquid inlet of the water washing circulation tank.

6. The device for removing sulfur dioxide from smelting flue gas and producing acid by using zinc oxide according to claim 1, wherein the liquid coverage of the spraying section of the high-energy turbulent washing section, the high-energy turbulent first-suction section, the high-energy turbulent second-suction section and the high-energy turbulent water washing section is not less than 300%.

7. The device for removing sulfur dioxide from smelting flue gas and producing acid by using zinc oxide according to claim 1, wherein the first-stage washing liquid circulating tank and the second-stage spraying liquid circulating tank are respectively provided with a side stirrer, and a double-layer stirrer is arranged in the first-stage spraying liquid circulating tank.

8. A method for using the zinc oxide of any one of the claims 1 to 7 to remove sulfur dioxide in smelting flue gas and prepare acid, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:

introducing flue gas into a gas inlet of a first dust removal and desulfurization tower through a booster fan, introducing cleaning solution into all layers of spray heads of a high-energy turbulent flow cleaning section from a primary cleaning solution circulating tank through a washing pump, spraying the cleaning solution out of the spray heads, and carrying out reverse spray contact with the flue gas, so that the flue gas is dedusted and cooled by the cleaning solution to become saturated wet flue gas;

removing large liquid drops and dust from the saturated wet flue gas by a primary demisting dust remover; spraying liquid is introduced into each layer of spray heads of the first-stage spraying liquid circulating tank from the first-stage spraying liquid circulating tank through the first-stage absorption pump and sprayed out of the spray heads, and SO in the spraying liquid is removed by reversely spraying and contacting with flue gas ₂；

Removal of SO ₂The flue gas after the dust removal and desulfurization tower is output from a gas outlet of the first dust removal and desulfurization tower and enters the second desulfurization and purification tower from a gas inlet of the second desulfurization and purification tower, and the spray liquid passes through the second stageThe absorption pump introduces each layer of spray heads of the high-energy turbulent flow secondary absorption section from the secondary spray liquid circulating tank and sprays out from the spray heads, and the absorption pump is in reverse spray contact with the flue gas to realize secondary SO removal ₂；

By removing SO again ₂Removing fog drops from the flue gas through a secondary demisting dust remover; clean water is introduced into each layer of spray heads of the high-energy turbulent water washing section from the washing circulating tank through the purifying pump and is sprayed out from each layer of spray heads, flue gas is firstly washed and purified through the high-efficiency washer, and then is reversely contacted with the sprayed clean water in the high-energy turbulent water washing section for spraying to realize secondary purification; and the flue gas is washed and purified by water and then is subjected to fog drop removal by a three-level demisting dust remover, and finally the flue gas which meets the pollutant emission requirement is discharged to the outside of the second desulfurization purification tower.

9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the pH value of the spray liquid in the primary spray liquid circulation tank is 3.5-5.0, the spray liquid comprises zinc sulfite and zinc oxide, the mass concentration of the zinc sulfite is more than or equal to 15%, and the mass concentration of the zinc oxide is less than or equal to 5%.

10. The method according to claim 8, wherein the spray liquid in the secondary spray liquid circulating tank has a pH value of 4.0-6.5, and comprises zinc oxide and zinc sulfite, wherein the mass concentration of the zinc oxide is not less than 15%, and the mass concentration of the zinc sulfite is not more than 5%.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of environment-friendly treatment processes, in particular to a device and a method for removing sulfur dioxide in smelting flue gas and preparing acid by using zinc oxide.

Background

Sulfur dioxide is an important pollutant for destroying the living environment of human beings, and a large amount of SO is discharged in the combustion process of sulfur-containing fuel or the roasting process of metal minerals in industrial production ₂Flue gas. SO in flue gas ₂The sulfurous acid is dissolved in water to generate sulfurous acid when the sulfurous acid is discharged into the atmosphere, and the sulfurous acid is further oxidized in the presence of PM2.5, so that sulfuric acid is rapidly and efficiently generated. The sulfuric acid mist or sulfate aerosol formed is a precursor for environmental acidification.

Flue gas SO adopted in China at present ₂The more mature treatment processes include calcium method (including semidry method and limestone-gypsum wet method), ammonia method, double alkali method, etc. Various processes have the advantages and disadvantages and the applicability of specific industries,for example, the calcium method has stable process, but the desulfurization product gypsum is difficult to recycle, so the method is suitable for large-air machine sets or building material industry; the ammonia desulphurization efficiency is high, but the operation cost is high, so that the method is suitable for the chemical industry or enterprises with surplus waste ammonia water; the double-alkali method is suitable for a small-gas-quantity unit, and the running cost is high due to the loss of sodium alkali. Various desulfurization processes have specific industrial applicability, and the lead-zinc smelting industry is very necessary to adopt a flue gas desulfurization technology suitable for a lead-zinc production process.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a device and a method for removing sulfur dioxide in smelting flue gas by zinc oxide and preparing acid, which can completely conform to the production process of lead-zinc enterprises, take a desulfurizer as an intermediate product of a lead-zinc smelting system, recycle the desulfurization product, change waste into valuable, solve the problem of disposal of the desulfurization product of the enterprises and reduce the operation cost.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a device for removing sulfur dioxide in smelting flue gas and preparing acid by zinc oxide comprises a first dust removal desulfurization tower and a second desulfurization purification tower; a high-energy turbulence washing section, a primary demisting dust remover and a high-energy turbulence suction section are sequentially arranged in the first dedusting and desulfurizing tower from bottom to top; a high-energy turbulent flow secondary suction section, a secondary demisting and dust removing device, a high-energy washer, a high-energy turbulent flow water washing section and a tertiary demisting and dust removing device are sequentially arranged in the second desulfurization purification tower from bottom to top; the gas inlet of the first dust-removing desulfurization tower is positioned below the high-energy turbulent flow washing section, and the gas outlet of the first dust-removing desulfurization tower is positioned above the high-energy turbulent flow first suction section and communicated with the gas inlet of the second desulfurization purification tower; the gas inlet of the second desulfurization purification tower is positioned below the high-energy turbulent flow secondary suction section, and the gas outlet of the second desulfurization purification tower is positioned above the three-stage demisting dust remover; the high-energy turbulent flow washing section comprises at least one layer of spray head which is communicated with a first-stage washing liquid circulating groove through a washing pump, and washing liquid is loaded in the first-stage washing liquid circulating groove; the high-energy turbulence first suction section comprises at least one layer of spray heads which are communicated with a first-stage spray liquid circulating groove through a first-stage absorption pump, and spray liquid is loaded in the first-stage spray liquid circulating groove; the high-energy turbulent flow secondary suction section comprises at least one layer of spray heads which are communicated with a secondary spray liquid circulating groove through a secondary absorption pump, and spray liquid is loaded in the secondary spray liquid circulating groove; the high-energy turbulent water washing section comprises at least one layer of spray head which is communicated with a water washing circulating groove through a purifying pump, and clear water is loaded in the water washing circulating groove.

Further, the first-stage washing liquid circulating tank is arranged at the bottom in the first dedusting and desulfurizing tower.

Furthermore, a first gas-liquid bidirectional flow dividing device is arranged between the high-energy turbulence suction section and the primary demisting dust remover and is communicated with a liquid inlet of the primary spray liquid circulating tank.

Further, the second-stage spray liquid circulating tank is arranged at the bottom in the second desulfurization purification tower.

And a second gas-liquid bidirectional flow dividing device is arranged between the high-energy washer and the second-stage demisting dust remover and is communicated with a liquid inlet of the water washing circulation tank.

Furthermore, the liquid coverage rate of the spraying section of the high-energy turbulence washing section, the high-energy turbulence first-suction section, the high-energy turbulence second-suction section and the high-energy turbulence water washing section is not less than 300%.

Furthermore, the first-stage washing liquid circulating tank and the second-stage spraying liquid circulating tank are respectively provided with a side stirrer, and a double-layer stirrer is arranged in the first-stage spraying liquid circulating tank.

The invention also provides a method for using the device for removing sulfur dioxide in smelting flue gas and preparing acid by using the zinc oxide, which comprises the following steps:

introducing flue gas into a gas inlet of a first dust removal and desulfurization tower through a booster fan, introducing cleaning solution into all layers of spray heads of a high-energy turbulent flow cleaning section from a primary cleaning solution circulating tank through a washing pump, spraying the cleaning solution out of the spray heads, and carrying out reverse spray contact with the flue gas, so that the flue gas is dedusted and cooled by the cleaning solution to become saturated wet flue gas;

removing large liquid drops and dust from the saturated wet flue gas by a primary demisting dust remover; spraying liquid passes through a primary absorption pump from the first stageThe spraying liquid circulating groove introduces high-energy turbulence and sprays out of each layer of spray heads at a suction section, and SO in the spraying liquid circulating groove is removed by reversely spraying and contacting with flue gas ₂；

Removal of SO ₂The flue gas after the process is output from a gas outlet of the first dust removal desulfurization tower and enters the second desulfurization purification tower from a gas inlet of the second desulfurization purification tower, spray liquid is introduced into each layer of spray heads of the high-energy turbulence secondary absorption section from the secondary spray liquid circulation tank through a secondary absorption pump and is sprayed out from the spray heads, and the spray liquid and the flue gas are in reverse spray contact to realize secondary SO removal ₂；

By removing SO again ₂Removing fog drops from the flue gas through a secondary demisting dust remover; clean water is introduced into each layer of spray heads of the high-energy turbulent water washing section from the washing circulating tank through the purifying pump and is sprayed out from each layer of spray heads, flue gas is firstly washed and purified through the high-efficiency washer, and then is reversely contacted with the sprayed clean water in the high-energy turbulent water washing section for spraying to realize secondary purification; and the flue gas is washed and purified by water and then is subjected to fog drop removal by a three-level demisting dust remover, and finally the flue gas which meets the pollutant emission requirement is discharged to the outside of the second desulfurization purification tower.

Furthermore, the pH value of the spray liquid in the primary spray liquid circulating tank is 3.5-5.0, wherein the spray liquid comprises zinc sulfite and zinc oxide, the mass concentration of the zinc sulfite is more than or equal to 15%, and the mass concentration of the zinc oxide is less than or equal to 5%.

Furthermore, the pH value of the spray liquid in the secondary spray liquid circulating tank is 4.0-6.5, wherein the spray liquid comprises zinc oxide and zinc sulfite, the mass concentration of the zinc oxide is more than or equal to 15%, and the mass concentration of the zinc sulfite is less than or equal to 5%.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. in the device, the primary demisting dust remover can ensure that the high-dust high fluorine-chlorine solution after the flue gas is washed and cooled is not brought into a subsequent desulfurization system; the secondary demisting dust remover can ensure that the flue gas after desulfurization does not carry large liquid drops, and control the soluble salt and dust carried by the discharged flue gas; the three-level demisting dust remover can ensure that the flue gas at the final cleaning and purifying section does not carry liquid drops, and ensure that the final discharged flue gas liquid drops and the dust concentration reach the standard.

2. The device of the invention is divided into different workCan be divided into washing cooling (a first-stage washing liquid circulating tank, a high-energy turbulent washing section, a washing pump and a first-stage demisting dust remover), SO ₂First-stage removal (high-energy turbulence first-stage absorption section, first-stage spray liquid circulating tank and first-stage absorption pump) and SO ₂The two-stage removal (high-energy turbulence secondary absorption section, secondary spray liquid circulation tank, secondary absorption pump and secondary demisting dust remover), cleaning and purification (high-efficiency washer, high-energy turbulence washing section, washing circulation tank, purification pump and three-stage high-efficiency demister) are carried out, the four functional sections are subjected to tank separation treatment according to functions, materials are not confused, and the highest treatment efficiency of each functional section is ensured. Each functional system controls different process materials, and the process materials are independent and operate in a linkage mode: controlling the fluorine-chlorine concentration of the dust of the washing liquid by the washing cooling liquid; controlling different pH values and different absorbent components by the absorption liquid; the cleaning and purifying liquid controls the concentration of solid dust and salt.

3. High concentration SO treatment Using the apparatus of this example ₂The smelting flue gas has high efficiency and can be arranged at the flue gas inlet SO ₂The concentration is not less than 10000mg/Nm ³While, the outlet SO ₂Concentration of not higher than 50mg/Nm ³And realizes the removal of high-concentration SO in the flue gas ₂Meanwhile, the occupied area is small, and the investment is saved.

4. The zinc oxide powder which is the raw material required by the method is an intermediate product of a lead-zinc smelting enterprise, the desulphurization product is zinc sulfite slag and zinc sulfate solution, the zinc sulfite slag can be decomposed by waste electrolyte acid to obtain high-purity sulfur dioxide gas which is sent to an acid preparation system, and the zinc sulfate solution can be used as an electrolytic zinc raw material of the enterprise, so that the resource recycling can be realized, and the waste is changed into valuable.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus in embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be noted that the present embodiment is based on the technical solution, and the detailed implementation and the specific operation process are provided, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the present embodiment.