阅读说明：本技术 一种利用畜禽粪便发酵有机肥的一体化制肥装置 (Integrated fertilizer making device for fermenting organic fertilizer by using livestock and poultry manure ) 是由 牛晓君 张洋 林璋 郭华芳 彭绍洪 刘洋 涂宁宇 余成华 王雅婷 李霞 钟华文 于 2019-11-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种利用畜禽粪便发酵有机肥的一体化制肥装置,包括壳体、粪便脱水组件、发酵组件、剪切造粒组件和控制箱,壳体上设有座板、进料口、出料口、集液箱和卸料组件,粪便脱水组件包括脱水板和动力组件,脱水板卡接在壳体内部上端,动力组件为脱水板提供动力,发酵组件包括搅拌组件、环形加热器和湿度调节组件,发酵组件设在壳体内部,且位于脱水组件下端,剪切造粒组件包括动力电机、挤压板、漏板、剪切盘、连接杆和烘干器,剪切造粒组件设在壳体内部下端,控制箱分别与卸料组件、动力组件、发酵组件和动力电机电性连接；本发明结构设计合理、设备紧凑,有效提高了畜禽粪便的经济效益,适宜大量推广。(The invention discloses an integrated fertilizer making device for fermenting an organic fertilizer by using livestock and poultry manure, which comprises a shell, a manure dehydration component, a fermentation component, a shearing granulation component and a control box, wherein the shell is provided with a seat plate, a feed inlet, a discharge outlet, a liquid collecting box and a discharging component; the invention has reasonable structural design and compact equipment, effectively improves the economic benefit of the livestock and poultry manure, and is suitable for large-scale popularization.)

1. An integrated fertilizer making device for fermenting organic fertilizer by using livestock and poultry manure is characterized by comprising a shell (1), a manure dehydration component (2), a fermentation component (3), a shearing and granulating component (4) and a control box; the device comprises a shell (1), wherein a dehydration cavity, a fermentation cavity, a treatment cavity and a device cavity are sequentially arranged in the shell (1) from top to bottom, a seat plate (10) is arranged at the bottom of the shell (1), a feeding hole (11), a discharging hole (12) and a liquid collecting box (14) are arranged on the shell (1), the feeding hole (11) is communicated with the dehydration cavity, the discharging hole (12) is communicated with the treatment cavity, a discharging component (13) is arranged between the dehydration cavity and the fermentation cavity, the liquid collecting box (14) is communicated with the dehydration cavity, and the fermentation cavity and the treatment cavity are connected through a material conveying pipe (15); the excrement dehydration component (2) comprises a dehydration plate (20) and a power component (21), the dehydration plate (20) is movably clamped inside the dehydration cavity, and the power component (21) is fixedly arranged on the shell (1) and provides power for the dehydration plate (20); the fermentation assembly (3) comprises a stirring assembly (30), an annular heater (31) and a humidity adjusting assembly (32), the stirring assembly (30) comprises a stirring motor (300) and a stirring frame (301), the stirring motor (300) is fixedly arranged at the bottom end in the fermentation cavity, the stirring motor (300) provides power for the stirring frame (301), the annular heater (31) and the humidity adjusting assembly (32) are arranged in a manner of being tightly attached to the inner wall of the fermentation cavity, and the humidity adjusting assembly (32) is positioned at the upper end of the annular heater (31); the shearing and granulating assembly (4) comprises a power motor (40), an extrusion plate (41), a bushing plate (42), a shearing disc (43), a connecting rod (44) and a dryer, wherein the bushing plate (42) is fixedly arranged in the processing cavity and is arranged at the lower position, the extrusion plate (41) and the shearing disc (43) are both clamped in the processing cavity and are respectively positioned at the upper side and the lower side of the bushing plate (42), the shearing disc (43) is tightly attached to the lower end of the bushing plate (42), a shearing knife (430) is arranged on the shearing disc (43), the connecting rod (44) sequentially penetrates through the extrusion plate (41), the bushing plate (42) and the shearing disc (43) and extends into the device cavity, the connecting rod (44) is in threaded connection with the extrusion plate (41), the dryer is arranged in the processing cavity, the power motor (40) is fixedly arranged on a seat plate (10), an output shaft (400) of the power motor (40) extends into the device cavity, the output shaft (400) is meshed with the connecting rod (44) through a first gear set (45); the control box is respectively and electrically connected with the discharging assembly (13), the power assembly (21), the fermentation assembly (3) and the power motor (40).

2. The integrated fertilizer making device for fermenting organic fertilizer by using livestock and poultry manure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the discharging assembly (13) comprises a discharging plate (130) and a swinging motor (131), the discharging plate (130) is composed of a circular plate composed of two semicircular thin plates and is used for separating a dewatering cavity and a fermentation cavity, one side of each of the two discharging plates (130) is provided with a mounting column (132), each of the two mounting columns (132) is provided with a swinging arm (133), the two swinging arms (133) are hinged through a slotted plate (134), the swinging motor (131) is fixedly arranged on the shell (1), an output shaft of the swinging motor (131) is provided with an eccentric rotating disc (135), and the eccentric rotating disc (135) is hinged with the central position of the slotted plate (134) through a pull rod (136).

3. The integrated fertilizer apparatus for fermenting organic fertilizer by using livestock and poultry manure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bottom end of the dewatering plate (20) is provided with a water drainage tank (200), and the water drainage tank (200) is radially and outwardly scattered from the center of the dewatering plate (20).

4. The integrated fertilizer making device for fermenting organic fertilizer by using livestock and poultry manure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the power assembly (21) comprises a fixed frame (210), a telescopic cylinder (211) and a shaking assembly (212), the fixed frame (210) is arranged at the top end of the housing (1), the telescopic cylinder (211) is fixedly arranged on the fixed frame (210), the telescopic cylinder (211) penetrates through the housing (1) and then is connected with the dewatering plate (20), and the shaking assembly (212) is arranged at the joint of the telescopic cylinder (211) and the dewatering plate (20).

5. The integrated fertilizer making device for fermenting organic fertilizer by using livestock and poultry manure as claimed in claim 4, wherein the shaking assembly (212) comprises a shaking motor (2120) and a shaking frame (2121), the shaking frame (2121) is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the telescopic cylinder (211), two sides of the shaking frame (2121) are movably connected with the dewatering plate (20) through sleeves (2122), the shaking motor (2120) is arranged at the upper end of the dewatering plate (20), a shaking cam (2123) is arranged on an output shaft of the shaking motor (2120), a movable wheel (2124) is arranged at one end of the shaking cam (2123) far away from the shaking motor (2120), and a rubber ring (2125) is arranged outside the movable wheel (2124).

6. The integrated fertilizer making device for fermenting the organic fertilizer by using the livestock and poultry manure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the stirring frame (301) is composed of two criss-cross rectangular frames, the auxiliary stirrer (33) is arranged on the stirring frame (301), the auxiliary stirrer (33) comprises a micro motor (330) and a stirring rod (331), a shaft sleeve (332) is arranged at the top of the inner side of the stirring frame (301), the micro motor (330) is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the inner side of the stirring frame (301) and is positioned at the lower end of the shaft sleeve (332), an output shaft of the micro motor (330) extends into the shaft sleeve (332), the stirring rod (331) is movably clamped between the stirring frame (301) and the shaft sleeve (332), stirring teeth are arranged on the stirring rod (331), and the stirring rod (331) and the output shaft are meshed and connected through a gear set II (333).

7. The integrated fertilizer making device for fermenting organic fertilizer by using livestock and poultry manure as claimed in claim 1, wherein a deodorization box (5) is arranged on the housing (1), the deodorization box (5) is communicated with the fermentation cavity, and filter cotton (50) is arranged inside the deodorization box (5).

8. The integrated fertilizer apparatus for fermenting organic fertilizer by using livestock and poultry manure according to claim 1, wherein a drain tank (200) is arranged at the bottom end of the dewatering plate (20) in a scattering manner.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of livestock and poultry manure preparation equipment, in particular to an integrated manure preparation device for fermenting organic manure by utilizing livestock and poultry manure.

Background

China is a big livestock breeding country, the breeding scale of livestock is the front of the world, and the large-scale breeding of livestock can provide abundant meat, milk and the like for the masses of people, so that the living level of people is greatly improved. However, with the rapid expansion and increase of livestock scale, the disposal of livestock manure presents a series of ecological and environmental problems. In particular to pig manure, cow manure and the like, which are different from chicken manure, duck manure and other traditional domestic animals and have the characteristic of large water content; meanwhile, when the excrement of the livestock is cleaned, a large amount of livestock urine and cleaning water are mixed in the excrement. The organic fertilizer is prepared by fermenting the livestock and poultry manure, so that waste is changed into valuable, the method is an efficient treatment measure, the environmental pollution can be effectively avoided, and the nutritional ingredients in the livestock and poultry manure can be fully utilized.

However, most of the existing livestock manure fermentation fertilizer making devices utilize solid livestock manure, solid-state livestock manure is mostly directly discharged from solid-liquid mixtures containing manure, the environment is polluted, and a large amount of nitrogen and phosphorus in the manure are lost.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the technical problems, the invention provides an integrated fertilizer making device which is compact in equipment, efficient and environment-friendly and utilizes livestock and poultry manure to ferment organic fertilizer.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: an integrated fertilizer making device for fermenting organic fertilizer by using livestock and poultry manure comprises a shell, a manure dehydration component, a fermentation component, a shearing and granulating component and a control box; the device comprises a shell, a feed inlet, a feed outlet, a liquid collecting box, a one-way valve, a discharge outlet, a treatment cavity, a discharge port, a discharging assembly, a dehydration cavity, a fermentation cavity and a device cavity, wherein the dehydration cavity, the fermentation cavity, the treatment cavity and the device cavity are sequentially arranged in the shell from top to bottom; the excrement dehydration component comprises a dehydration plate and a power component, the dehydration plate is movably clamped in the dehydration cavity, and the power component is fixedly arranged on the shell and provides power for the dehydration plate; the fermentation assembly comprises a stirring assembly, an annular heater and a humidity adjusting assembly, the stirring assembly comprises a stirring motor and a stirring frame, the stirring motor is fixedly arranged at the bottom end in the fermentation cavity and provides power for the stirring frame, the annular heater and the humidity adjusting assembly are both arranged in a manner of being tightly attached to the inner wall of the fermentation cavity, and the humidity adjusting assembly is positioned at the upper end of the annular heater; the shearing and granulating assembly comprises a power motor, an extrusion plate, a bushing plate, a shearing disc, a connecting rod and a dryer, wherein the bushing plate is fixedly arranged in the processing cavity and is arranged at the lower position inside the processing cavity, the extrusion plate and the shearing disc are clamped in the processing cavity and are respectively positioned at the upper side and the lower side of the bushing plate, the shearing disc is tightly attached to the lower end of the bushing plate, a shearing knife is arranged on the shearing disc, the connecting rod sequentially penetrates through the extrusion plate, the bushing plate and the shearing disc and extends into the device cavity, the connecting rod is in threaded connection with the extrusion plate, the dryer is arranged in the processing cavity, the power motor is fixedly arranged on the seat plate, an output shaft of the power motor extends into the device cavity, and the output; the control box is respectively and electrically connected with the discharging assembly, the power assembly, the fermentation assembly and the power motor, and the discharging assembly, the power assembly, the fermentation assembly and the power motor are all powered by an external power supply.

Further, the subassembly of unloading includes stripper and swing motor, the stripper comprises the circular slab that two semicircle form sheets are constituteed, and be used for separating dehydration chamber and fermentation chamber, two stripper one sides all are provided with the erection column, all be provided with the swing arm on two erection columns, it is articulated through the channel plate between two swing arms, swing motor is fixed to be set up on the casing, be provided with eccentric carousel on swing motor's the output shaft, eccentric carousel passes through the pull rod and articulates with the central point of channel plate puts, during the use, control swing motor through the control box and start, eccentric carousel on the swing motor drives the pull rod and moves down, and then it is rotatory to make the channel plate drive two swing arms, two strippers overturn thereupon, unload, the convenience of device has been improved, avoid staff and beasts and birds excrement and urine contact and feel uncomfortable.

Further, the dewatering plate bottom is provided with the drain tank, and the drain tank is along radially outwards being the scattering form setting from dewatering plate central point department, through setting up the drain tank, when dewatering plate downstream extrusion poultry excrement and urine, is favorable to the quick extrusion of moisture in the poultry excrement and urine, improves work efficiency.

Further, power component includes the mount, telescopic cylinder and shake subassembly, the mount sets up on the casing top, telescopic cylinder is fixed to be set up on the mount, and telescopic cylinder runs through behind the casing, be connected with the dehydration board, the shake subassembly sets up at telescopic cylinder and dehydration board junction, start through control box control telescopic cylinder, it removes at the dehydration intracavity to promote the dehydration board, it is that the moisture in the animal manure is thoroughly got rid of, reduce the water content in the excrement and urine, be convenient for going on smoothly of follow-up fermentation process.

Furthermore, the shaking assembly comprises a shaking motor and a shaking frame, the shaking frame is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the telescopic cylinder, two sides of the shaking frame are movably connected with the dewatering plate through a sleeve, the shaking motor is arranged at the upper end of the dewatering plate, a shaking cam is arranged on an output shaft of the shaking motor, a movable wheel is arranged at one end, away from the shaking motor, of the shaking cam, a rubber ring is arranged on the outer side of the movable wheel, and the shaking cam is driven to rotate through the shaking motor, so that the dewatering plate generates vibration in the pressing-down process, and the livestock and poultry manure dewatering efficiency is improved; through setting up loose pulley and rubber circle, reduced the friction of shake cam with the dehydration board support, reduced the produced noise of shake in-process simultaneously.

Furthermore, the stirring frame is composed of two crossed rectangular frames, an auxiliary stirrer is arranged on the stirring frame and comprises a micro motor and a stirring rod, a shaft sleeve is arranged at the top of the inner side of the stirring frame, the micro motor is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the inner side of the stirring frame and is positioned at the lower end of the shaft sleeve, an output shaft of the micro motor extends into the shaft sleeve, the stirring rod is movably clamped between the stirring frame and the shaft sleeve, stirring teeth are arranged on the stirring rod, and the stirring rod and the output shaft are meshed and connected through a gear set II; through stirring frame and puddler stirring animal manure from different angles for animal manure is fermented more fully, improves the fertilizer efficiency of animal manure.

Further, the humidity control assembly comprises a humidifying disc and a humidity detector, the humidifying disc is arranged on the top end of the fermentation cavity, a humidifying nozzle is arranged on the humidifying disc, the humidifying disc is connected with an external water source, the humidity detector is arranged on the inner wall of the fermentation cavity, the humidity detector is connected with the control box, and the humidity control assembly is convenient for accurately controlling the dryness and humidity of the livestock and poultry manure in the fermentation process by arranging the humidifying disc and the temperature detector.

Further, be provided with the deodorization case on the casing, the deodorization case switches on with the fermentation chamber, and deodorization incasement portion is provided with the filter pulp, carries out the filter cartridge through the peculiar smell that the filter pulp gived off livestock and poultry excrement and urine among the fermentation process and adsorbs, plays the improvement effect to the environment in fermentation place.

The working principle of the invention is as follows: when the device is used, the device is connected with external power supply equipment, livestock and poultry manure is introduced into the dehydration cavity through the feed inlet, the control box controls the telescopic cylinder to be started, the dehydration plate is pushed to extrude the livestock and poultry manure for dehydration, the removed wastewater enters the liquid collection box for collection, and the control box controls the start of the shaking motor to drive the shaking cam to rotate in the dehydration process, so that the dehydration plate generates vibration in the pressing process; after dehydration is finished, the control box controls the swing motor to start, an eccentric turntable on the swing motor drives the pull rod to move downwards, so that the slotted plate drives the two swing arms to rotate, the two discharging plates turn over accordingly, the material falls into the fermentation cavity, and the control box controls the two discharging plates to reset; the dehydrated livestock and poultry manure is heated by the annular heater, the dryness and humidity of the manure are sensed by the humidity detector, purified water is added into the manure by the humidifying nozzle on the humidifying disc, the stirring motor and the micro motor are controlled by the control box to be started simultaneously in the fermentation process, and the livestock and poultry manure is stirred at different angles by the stirring frame and the stirring rod; excrement and urine after the fermentation is accomplished passes through the conveying pipeline and gets into the treatment chamber, through control box control power motor start, power motor passes through gear train one and is connected with the connecting rod, and excrement and urine after the stripper plate extrusion fermentation passes from the bushing, and the shearing sword will pass the excrement and urine of bushing and cut into the fritter simultaneously, and the excrement and urine granule after cutting is collected after discharging the treatment chamber through the discharge gate.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention has reasonable structural design, and the effective components in the livestock and poultry manure are converted into the organic fertilizer beneficial to the growth of crops by carrying out the operations of dehydration, fermentation and extrusion granulation on the livestock and poultry manure, so that the resources are reasonably utilized, and the problems of air pollution and underground water source pollution caused by the random stacking of the livestock and poultry manure are solved; meanwhile, the device adopts an integrated structure, so that the occupied area is small, the occupied area is saved, and the fermentation cost of the livestock and poultry manure is reduced; before the fermentation of livestock and poultry excrement, the excrement is dehydrated, the water content of the excrement is reduced, the fermentation efficiency of subsequent excrement and the fertilizer efficiency of the excrement are improved, the excrement does not need to be artificially contacted in the fermentation process of the excrement, the labor cost is reduced, the working efficiency is improved, and the discomfort caused by the fact that the excrement is manually contacted is avoided.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a left side view of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the attachment of the stripper plate of the present invention to the housing;

figure 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the dewatering plate of the invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the attachment of the dithering assembly of the present invention to the dewatering plate;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of the wobble cam of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the internal structure of a fermentation chamber of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the connection of the sub-mixer of the present invention to the mixing frame;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the connection of the shear disk to the bushing of the present invention;

wherein, 1-shell, 10-seat plate, 11-feed inlet, 12-discharge outlet, 13-discharge component, 130-discharge plate, 131-swing motor, 132-mounting column, 133-swing arm, 134-trough plate, 135-eccentric rotary table, 136-pull rod, 14-liquid collecting tank, 15-feed delivery pipe, 2-excrement dehydration component, 20-dehydration plate, 200-drain trough, 21-power component, 210-fixed frame, 211-telescopic cylinder, 212-shaking component, 2120-shaking motor, 2121-shaking frame, 2122-sleeve, 2123-shaking cam, 2124-movable wheel, 2125-rubber ring, 3-fermentation component, 30-stirring component, 300-stirring motor, 301-stirring frame, 31-annular heater, 32-humidity adjusting component, 320-humidifying disc, 3200-humidifying nozzle, 321-humidity detector, 33-auxiliary stirrer, 330-micro motor, 331-stirring rod, 332-shaft sleeve, 333-gear set II, 4-shearing granulating component, 40-power motor, 400-output shaft, 41-extrusion plate, 42-leakage plate, 43-shearing disc, 430-shearing knife, 44-connecting rod, 45-gear set I, 5-deodorizing box and 50-filter cotton.

Detailed Description