阅读说明：本技术 一种截取表层带岩溶水利用的方法 (Method for intercepting and utilizing karst water on surface zone ) 是由 高渐飞 苏维词 周玮 朱生亮 于 2019-11-14 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种截取表层带岩溶水利用的方法,该方法是在表层带岩溶水的径流途径中开凿截水平硐,利用平硐拦截来自上游地带的表层带岩溶水,然后将拦截的表层带岩溶水在平硐中汇集,自流引至平硐外的蓄水装置,蓄积后供人们饮水利用。本发明成本较低,一次性建成后,可永久使用；几乎没有后续维护和运行成本,经济实用,可获得相对稳定且流量较大的水量,水质较好,能保障饮水安全问题。(The invention discloses a method for intercepting and utilizing karst water in a surface zone, which comprises the steps of digging a water interception adit in a runoff path of the karst water in the surface zone, intercepting the karst water in the surface zone from an upstream zone by using the adit, then collecting the intercepted karst water in the adit, automatically leading the collected karst water to a water storage device outside the adit, and utilizing the collected karst water for drinking water of people. The invention has lower cost, and can be permanently used after being once built; almost has no follow-up maintenance and operation cost, is economical and practical, can obtain relatively stable water volume with larger flow, has better water quality, and can ensure the safety problem of drinking water.)

1. A method for intercepting and utilizing karst water on a surface zone is characterized by comprising the following steps: cutting a horizontal cave in the runoff path with the surface zone karst water, intercepting the surface zone karst water from an upstream zone by using the horizontal cave, then collecting the intercepted surface zone karst water in the horizontal cave, automatically flowing to a water storage device outside the horizontal cave, and storing for drinking water.

2. The method of intercepting surface zone karst water utilization of claim 1, characterized in that: comprises the following steps of (a) carrying out,

(1) in the zone with good surface zone karst water occurrence condition, selecting a proper position to cut a water interception adit, and intercepting the surface zone karst water from the upstream zone by using the adit;

(2) trimming and hardening the bottom of the footrill, and reserving a flow guide channel in the middle; the bottom of the adit is of a concave structure, the collecting surfaces at two sides incline towards the diversion trench, so that karst water on the surface layer is collected on the collecting surfaces at two sides and automatically flows out of the adit through the middle diversion trench;

(3) and a drainage tube and a reservoir are arranged outside the adit, and karst water flowing out of the adit from the adit is introduced into the reservoir through the drainage tube to be supplied to people for drinking water utilization.

3. The method of intercepting surface zone karst water utilization of claim 2, characterized in that: in the step (1), the thickness of the rock stratum above the position of the selected excavation horizontal cave is more than 200m, the vegetation cover of trees and shrubs is good, and through observation, a karst cave and a karst fissure are seen after rainstorm, and water overflows from a gully developed along a joint zone.

4. The method of intercepting surface zone karst water utilization of claim 2, characterized in that: in the step (1), the axis of the intercepting adit is vertical to the direction of the rock stratum, the cross section of the adit is in a bow shape, and the adit bottom plate is inclined upwards at an angle of 2% along the advancing direction.

5. The method of intercepting surface zone karst water utilization of claim 2, characterized in that: in the step (2), the bottom of the adit is hardened by C15 concrete or above concrete, and the converging surfaces at the two sides are inclined to the diversion trench according to an angle of 4%.

6. The method of intercepting surface zone karst water utilization of claim 2, characterized in that: in the step (3), a watertight ridge or a water retaining wall is piled up at the adit, and a small water collecting pit is formed in front of the watertight ridge or the water retaining wall, so that karst water on the surface layer can flow into the water collecting pit and be slightly collected; the drainage tube is inserted into the lower part of the watertight ridge or the water retaining wall, and the collected karst water on the surface layer is led into the reservoir for the drinking water utilization of people.

7. The method of intercepting surface zone karst water utilization of claim 6, characterized in that: and (3) arranging a control gate valve at the water outlet end of the reservoir, and conveying water in the reservoir to a water supply destination by adopting a plurality of water guide pipelines.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a method for utilizing karst water on a surface layer, in particular to a method for intercepting and utilizing the karst water on the surface layer, and belongs to the technical field of water resource utilization.

Background

The karst environment binary structure is common in southern China, the underground and the earth surface develop simultaneously, and the underground structure is particularly complex. The high degree of karst causes the ground to leak seriously, and rainfall easily leaks and flows into underground system, and the hydrologic process is given priority to underground, forms the common "water is under, land and people's place are on" space mismatch pattern. The problem of water resource shortage is always the first problem to be solved and is also the first problem. Under the strong cutting action of river development, a plurality of peak-cluster mountain areas with deep valleys are formed in the area, surface water is mostly concentrated in the deep valleys, and cultivated land and villages are scattered in slope zones highly suspended in the valleys; the underground water level is buried more than one hundred meters deep, the development and utilization difficulty is high, and the water-saving underground water-saving water tank becomes a typical place which has no surface water, is difficult to utilize underground water, has the most serious.

The main current solutions to this type of regional water supply (human and animal drinking) are: a. and (5) carrying out graded water extraction from the deep-cut river valley. However, the water taking project and the water using cost are high (more than 10 yuan/ton) due to the large lift, and the water taking project and the water using cost are not affordable by common people and have poor economy. b. And (5) long-distance water transfer. Besides the high engineering construction cost and water consumption, the use problem of coordinating or purchasing a water source of a water taking point is solved, and the implementation difficulty is high; c. rainwater collection and storage and utilization. The method is also the most common method, farmers build the water cellar/water pool by themselves, roof rainwater is collected for storage and utilization (the special slope surface of the area generally hardly generates surface runoff, the runoff coefficient is small and is between 0.01% and 21.94%, and rainfall almost completely infiltrates in many places), but the water quality is poor, the potential health safety hazard is large, and the engineering construction cost is higher for hundreds of water ponds or water cellars in the whole village.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a method for intercepting and utilizing karst water in a surface zone, thereby solving the problem of difficult water drinking in karst regions.

In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

a method for intercepting karst water in a surface zone for utilization comprises the following steps: cutting a horizontal cave in the runoff path with the surface zone karst water, intercepting the surface zone karst water from an upstream zone by using the horizontal cave, then collecting the intercepted surface zone karst water in the horizontal cave, automatically flowing to a water storage device outside the horizontal cave, and storing for drinking water.

The method for intercepting the karst water utilization of the surface zone comprises the following steps,

(1) in the zone with good surface zone karst water occurrence condition, selecting a proper position to cut a water interception adit, and intercepting the surface zone karst water from the upstream zone by using the adit;

(2) trimming and hardening the bottom of the footrill, and reserving a flow guide channel in the middle; the bottom of the adit is of a concave structure, the collecting surfaces at two sides incline towards the diversion trench, so that karst water on the surface layer is collected on the collecting surfaces at two sides and automatically flows out of the adit through the middle diversion trench;

(3) and a drainage tube and a reservoir are arranged outside the adit, and karst water flowing out of the adit from the adit is introduced into the reservoir through the drainage tube to be supplied to people for drinking water utilization.

As a preferable scheme, in the step (1), the thickness of the rock stratum above the position of the selected excavation horizontal cave is more than 200m, the vegetation coverage of trees and shrubs is good, and through observation, a karst cave and a corrosion crack appear after heavy rain, and water overflows from a gully developing along the joint zone.

In the method for intercepting the utilization of the karst water on the surface zone, as a preferred scheme, in the step (1), the axis of the intercepting adit is vertical to the trend of the rock stratum, the cross section of the adit is in a bow shape, and the adit bottom plate is inclined upwards at an angle of 2% along the advancing direction.

In the method for intercepting and utilizing karst water on the surface zone, as a preferable scheme, in the step (2), the bottom of the footrill is hardened by C15 concrete or above concrete, and the converging surfaces at the two sides are inclined to the diversion trench at an angle of 4%.

As a preferable scheme, in the step (3), a watertight ridge or a water-retaining wall is piled up at the adit, and a small water collecting pit is formed in front of the watertight ridge or the water-retaining wall, so that the karst water on the surface layer can flow into the water collecting pit and be slightly collected; the drainage tube is inserted into the lower part of the watertight ridge or the water retaining wall, and the collected karst water on the surface layer is led into the reservoir for the drinking water utilization of people.

In the method for intercepting and utilizing karst water in the surface zone, as a preferable scheme, in the step (3), a control gate valve is arranged at the water outlet end of the reservoir, and a plurality of water diversion pipelines are adopted to convey water in the reservoir to a water supply destination.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with the prior art, the karst water drinking device can effectively utilize karst water on the surface layer, avoids water resource waste and can effectively solve the problem of difficult water drinking in karst regions. The invention has lower cost, and can be permanently used after being once built; almost has no subsequent maintenance and operation cost, is economical and practical, can obtain relatively stable water quantity with larger flow, has better water quality, can supply drinking water for 500 people with 300 plus one year and ensures the drinking water safety.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention with a horizontal cut;

in the figure, 1-adit, 2-drainage tube, 3-water reservoir, 4-water supply tube, 5-village, 6-collecting surface and 7-diversion trench.

The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and detailed description.

Detailed Description