阅读说明：本技术 一种烟气旋风除尘、冷却塔一体化处理设备及其工艺 (Flue gas cyclone dust removal and cooling tower integrated treatment equipment and process thereof ) 是由 陈明华 伊布克劳森 傅嘉宾 余维豪 高凯拓 于 2019-11-01 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种烟气旋风除尘、冷却塔一体化处理设备,包括冷却单元和旋风除尘单元。冷却单元包括工艺水系统、压缩空气系统和喷水降温系统,旋风除尘单元包括旋风除尘器和输灰系统,旋风除尘器和喷水降温系统为一体化设备,旋风除尘器是使含尘气流作旋转运动,借助于离心力将尘粒从气流中分离并捕集于器壁,再借助重力作用使尘粒落入灰斗；烟气经旋风除尘后进入冷却装置,冷却喷枪设置在顶部出口烟道,烟气经喷水冷却后,从上部排出；本工艺结构简单,布局紧凑,占地面积小。(The invention relates to integrated treatment equipment for cyclone dust removal and a cooling tower of flue gas, which comprises a cooling unit and a cyclone dust removal unit. The cooling unit comprises a process water system, a compressed air system and a water-spraying cooling system, the cyclone dust removal unit comprises a cyclone dust remover and an ash conveying system, the cyclone dust remover and the water-spraying cooling system are integrated equipment, the cyclone dust remover makes dust-containing airflow rotate, separates dust particles from the airflow by means of centrifugal force and collects the dust particles on the wall of the device, and then makes the dust particles fall into an ash hopper by means of gravity; the flue gas enters a cooling device after cyclone dust removal, a cooling spray gun is arranged at a top outlet flue, and the flue gas is discharged from the upper part after being cooled by water spray; the process has the advantages of simple structure, compact layout and small occupied area.)

1. A flue gas cyclone dust removal and cooling tower integrated treatment device comprises a cooling unit and a cyclone dust removal unit, wherein the cooling unit comprises a process water system, a compressed air system and a water spraying cooling system, and the cyclone dust removal unit comprises a cyclone dust collector and an ash conveying system;

the water spray cooling system comprises a spray gun arranged in the cooling tower, the spray gun is fixed on the cooling tower through a spray gun mounting seat, a water spray pipe connected with the spray gun is arranged on the outer side of the cooling tower, and the water spray pipe is connected with the water spray supply pipe;

the compressed air system comprises a compressed air supply pipe connected with the spray gun, the compressed air supply pipe is connected with a compressed air tank, and a pressure reducing valve and a pneumatic ball valve are mounted on the compressed air supply pipe.

2. The integrated treatment equipment for the flue gas cyclone dust removal and the cooling tower is characterized in that the cyclone dust remover comprises a base and a middle box body arranged on the base, wherein an air inlet section communicated with an inner cavity of the middle box body is arranged on the peripheral surface of the middle box body, the air inlet section is connected with a flue gas output end of a boiler through a flue gas pipe, an inner cylinder is arranged between the middle box body and the cooling tower, two ends of the inner cylinder are opened and are hollow cylindrical, a plurality of flue gas flow equalizing plates are arranged in the inner cavity of the inner cylinder, flue gas in the middle box body enters a top flue of the cooling tower through the inner cylinder, and the top flue is connected with a reactor and a bag-type.

3. The integrated treatment equipment for the cyclone dust removal and cooling tower of the flue gas as claimed in claim 2, wherein the ash conveying system comprises a truncated cone-shaped ash bucket arranged at the bottom of the middle box body, the bottom of the truncated cone-shaped ash bucket is provided with a bottom scraper, and a pneumatic ash conveying device and an emergency ash discharging device are arranged below the bottom scraper.

4. The integrated treatment equipment for the flue gas cyclone dust removal and cooling tower as claimed in claim 2, wherein the connection direction of the air inlet section and the peripheral surface of the middle box body is tangent, and the volute of the air inlet section and the shell of the middle box body are made of high-wear-resistance steel plates.

5. The integrated treatment equipment for the flue gas cyclone dust removal and cooling tower as claimed in claim 3, wherein the base is a circular cylinder, a circle of vertical reinforcing ribs are arranged on the base to support the upper structure, the pneumatic ash conveying device is positioned inside the base, and an access door is reserved on the base.

6. The integrated treatment equipment for the flue gas cyclone dust removal and the cooling tower as claimed in claim 2, wherein a plurality of spray guns are uniformly distributed in the top flue of the cooling tower in the circumferential direction, the spray guns adopt high-temperature resistant double-fluid spray guns, two connectors are arranged, one connector is connected with a spray pipe, and the other connector is connected with a compressed air supply pipe.

7. The integrated flue gas cyclone dust removal and cooling tower treatment equipment as claimed in claim 2, wherein the compressed air tank is provided with an automatic drain valve and a safety valve, and the water tank is provided with a liquid level switch.

8. The integrated treatment process for the cyclone dust removal and the cooling tower of the flue gas is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

a. dust removal: the air inlet section of the cyclone dust collector is provided with a tangential air inlet device, smoke enters tangentially, the air speed of an inlet is 10-15m/s, dust particles are separated from air flow and collected in the wall of the middle box body by virtue of centrifugal force after dust collides with the wall of the middle box body, the dust particles fall into a truncated cone-shaped dust hopper by virtue of the action of gravity, and clean smoke enters a top flue of the cooling tower upwards through the inner cylinder after cyclone separation;

b. and (3) cooling: the cooling unit is used for receiving process water and compressed air from a factory, controlling a pneumatic butterfly valve to open and close by a water tank liquid level switch to supply water to a water tank, and then conveying the process water to a spray gun by a variable frequency water pump;

c. when the cooling tower is started to spray water for cooling, compressed air is firstly started, cooling water is then started, the rotating speed of the variable frequency water pump is slowly increased, and temperature drop is observed; when the water spraying is stopped, the cooling water is turned off first, and then the compressed air is turned off;

d. the frequency and the rotating speed of the variable frequency water pump are adjusted according to the front and back smoke temperature and smoke flow signals, the water spraying amount of the spray gun is adjusted to maintain the smoke temperature at 130-140 ℃, the smoke is subjected to cyclone dust removal and water spraying cooling, stays in a top flue for a certain time and then goes to a reactor and a bag-type dust remover, and the smoke flow rate is about 6-8 m/s.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of boiler flue gas treatment, in particular to integrated treatment equipment and process for cyclone dust removal and a cooling tower of flue gas.

Background

The concentration of the dust in the flue gas at the inlet of the flue gas purification system of the waste incineration power plant can reach 10-40g/m ³The dust concentration at the inlet of the bag-type dust collector needs to be less than 3-5g/m ³Therefore, a cyclone dust collector is required to be arranged in front of the bag-type dust collector for pre-dust collection, so that the dust concentration at the inlet is reduced, and the ultra-low dust emission at the outlet of the bag-type dust collector is realized.

The temperature of the flue gas from the waste incineration boiler is usually 210 ℃, the temperature of the flue gas is too high, the deacidification reaction is not facilitated, and the service life of the bag-type dust collector is influenced.

The desulfurization of the waste incineration flue gas generally adopts dry and semi-dry desulfurization processes, and the dust concentration of the waste incineration flue gas can reach 10-40g/m ³The prior dry and semi-dry desulfurization processes do not generally have a preset dust removal device, the dust load of a bag-type dust remover is higher, the dust removal frequency is high, and the service lives of a pulse valve and a bag are short. In the existing dry and semi-dry desulfurization technology, process water or slaked lime slurry is sprayed into a reactor for cooling, the flue gas cooling, the desulfurization and the deacidification are carried out in the reactor, and the flue gas temperature control has hysteresis and cannot be accurately controlled.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides integrated treatment equipment and process for flue gas cyclone dust removal and a cooling tower.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

the integrated treatment equipment for flue gas cyclone dust removal and cooling tower comprises a cooling unit and a cyclone dust removal unit. The cooling unit comprises a process water system, a compressed air system and a water-spraying cooling system, the cyclone dust removal unit comprises a cyclone dust collector and an ash conveying system, the process water system comprises a water tank connected with a plant water pipe, the water tank is connected with a water-spraying supply pipe, a pneumatic butterfly valve is installed on the plant water pipe, and a variable-frequency water pump is installed on the water-spraying supply pipe;

the water spray cooling system comprises a spray gun arranged in the cooling tower, the spray gun is fixed on the cooling tower through a spray gun mounting seat, a water spray pipe connected with the spray gun is arranged on the outer side of the cooling tower, and the water spray pipe is connected with the water spray supply pipe;

the compressed air system comprises a compressed air supply pipe connected with the spray gun, the compressed air supply pipe is connected with a compressed air tank, and a pressure reducing valve and a pneumatic ball valve are mounted on the compressed air supply pipe.

Further, cyclone includes the base, sets up the well box on the base, has the air inlet section rather than the inner chamber intercommunication on the global of well box, and the air inlet section passes through the flue gas output end of flue gas union coupling boiler, is equipped with the inner tube between well box and the cooling tower, and the both ends opening of inner tube just is hollow cylindric, is equipped with a plurality of flue gas flow equalizing boards in the inner chamber of inner tube, and the flue gas in the well box passes through the top flue that the inner tube got into the cooling tower, and reactor and sack cleaner are connected to the top flue.

Furthermore, the ash conveying system comprises a circular truncated cone-shaped ash bucket arranged at the bottom of the middle box body, a bottom scraper machine is arranged at the bottom of the circular truncated cone-shaped ash bucket, and a pneumatic ash conveying device and an emergency ash discharging device are arranged below the bottom scraper machine. The number of the pneumatic ash conveying devices is preferably two.

Furthermore, the air inlet section is tangent to the circumferential surface of the middle box body in the connecting direction, and the volute of the air inlet section and the shell of the middle box body are made of high-wear-resistance steel plates.

Further, the base is a circular cylinder, a circle of vertical reinforcing rib supporting upper structure is arranged on the base, the pneumatic ash conveying device is located inside the base, and the base is provided with an access door.

Furthermore, a plurality of spray guns are uniformly distributed in the top flue of the cooling tower in the axial direction, the spray guns adopt high-temperature-resistant double-fluid spray guns, two connectors are arranged, one connector is connected with a water spray pipe, and the other connector is connected with a compressed air supply pipe.

Furthermore, the compressed air tank is provided with an automatic drain valve and a safety valve, and the water tank is provided with a liquid level switch.

A flue gas cyclone dust removal and cooling tower integrated treatment process comprises the following steps:

a. dust removal: the air inlet section of the cyclone dust collector is provided with a tangential air inlet device, smoke enters tangentially, the air speed of an inlet is 10-15m/s, dust particles are separated from air flow and collected in the wall of the middle box body by virtue of centrifugal force after dust collides with the wall of the middle box body, the dust particles fall into a truncated cone-shaped dust hopper by virtue of the action of gravity, and clean smoke enters a top flue of the cooling tower upwards through the inner cylinder after cyclone separation;

b. and (3) cooling: the cooling unit is used for receiving process water and compressed air from a factory, controlling a pneumatic butterfly valve to open and close by a water tank liquid level switch to supply water to a water tank, and then conveying the process water to a spray gun by a variable frequency water pump;

c. when the cooling tower is started to spray water for cooling, compressed air is firstly started, cooling water is then started, the rotating speed of the variable frequency water pump is slowly increased, and temperature drop is observed; when the water spraying is stopped, the cooling water is turned off first, and then the compressed air is turned off;

d. the frequency and the rotating speed of the variable frequency water pump are adjusted according to the front and back smoke temperature and smoke flow signals, the water spraying amount of the spray gun is adjusted to maintain the smoke temperature at 130-140 ℃, the smoke is subjected to cyclone dust removal and water spraying cooling, stays in a top flue for a certain time and then goes to a reactor and a bag-type dust remover, and the smoke flow rate is about 6-8 m/s.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: 1. the process is an integrated process of cyclone dust removal and cooling of flue gas, and has the advantages of simple process, compact layout and small occupied area;

2. the process can accurately and quickly adjust the flue gas temperature of the outlet flue gas according to the flue gas flow signal and the flue gas temperature signal;

3. the cooling system of the process adopts a double-fluid spray gun, has good atomization effect and high cooling speed, and does not hang on the wall when spraying water;

4. the process has the advantages of large flue gas treatment amount, small pressure loss of equipment, stable operation and low energy consumption;

5. the process adopts 2 sets of pneumatic ash conveying devices, can be mutually standby, and can also simultaneously operate ash conveying, so that the stability of an ash conveying system is improved;

6. the cyclone dust removal and cooling integrated equipment adopts a novel volute type air inlet mode;

7. the cyclone dust removal and cooling integrated equipment adopts a novel combined ash discharge mode of a circular truncated cone-shaped ash bucket and a bottom plate scraper conveyor;

8. the inner cylinder of the cyclone dust removal and cooling integrated equipment is provided with the flow equalizing plate, so that the uniform distribution of outlet clean flue gas is improved, and the cooling effect of the flue gas is improved;

9. the shell steel plate of the cyclone dust removal and cooling integrated equipment, which is in contact with the original flue gas, is a wear-resistant steel plate, so that the service life of the equipment is prolonged.

The cooling unit of the system comprises a process water system, a compressed air system and a water spraying cooling system. The cyclone dust removal unit comprises a cyclone dust collector and an ash conveying system; the cyclone dust collector and the water spray cooling system are integrated equipment, the cyclone dust collector makes dust-containing airflow rotate, separates dust particles from the airflow by means of centrifugal force and collects the dust particles on the wall of the device, and then the dust particles fall into the dust hopper by means of gravity. The flue gas enters the cooling device after cyclone dust removal, the cooling spray gun is arranged at the top outlet flue, and the flue gas is discharged from the upper part after being cooled by water spray. The process has the advantages of simple structure, compact layout and small occupied area.

The method is mainly used for pre-removing dust in the flue gas and cooling and tempering the flue gas, so that the treatment efficiency of a subsequent desulfurization device is improved, and the service life of the bag-type dust remover is prolonged. The method is suitable for occasions with high smoke dust concentration, large ash particle diameter, high smoke temperature and the like, is suitable for the pretreatment of the smoke of a dry desulphurization device, and is particularly suitable for garbage incinerators, biomass furnaces and the like.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall operation of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the inner barrel of the present invention.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, an integrated treatment device for flue gas cyclone dust removal and cooling tower comprises a cooling unit 1 and a cyclone dust removal unit 2. The cooling unit 1 comprises a process water system, a compressed air system and a water-spraying cooling system, the cyclone dust removal unit 2 comprises a cyclone dust collector and an ash conveying system, the process water system 1 comprises a water tank 12 connected with a plant water pipe 11, the water tank 12 is connected with a water-spraying supply pipe 13, a pneumatic butterfly valve 14 is installed on the plant water pipe 11, and a variable-frequency water pump 15 is installed on the water-spraying supply pipe 13;

the water spray cooling system comprises a spray gun 17 arranged in a cooling tower 16, the spray gun 17 is fixed on the cooling tower 16 through a spray gun mounting seat 18, a water spray pipe 19 connected with the spray gun 17 is arranged on the outer side of the cooling tower 16, and the water spray pipe 19 is connected with a water spray supply pipe 13;

the compressed air system includes a compressed air supply pipe 110 connected to the spray gun 17, the compressed air supply pipe 110 is connected to a compressed air tank 111, and a pressure reducing valve 112 and an air ball valve 113 are mounted on the compressed air supply pipe 110. The compressed air tank 111 is provided with an automatic drain valve 114, a safety valve 115, and the water tank 12 is provided with a level switch 116.

Further, the cyclone dust collector 2 comprises a base 21, a middle box body 22 arranged on the base 21, an air inlet section 23 communicated with an inner cavity of the middle box body 22 is arranged on the circumferential surface of the middle box body 22, the air inlet section 23 is connected with a flue gas output end of a boiler through a flue gas pipe 24, an inner cylinder 25 is arranged between the middle box body 22 and the cooling tower 16, two ends of the inner cylinder 25 are opened and are hollow and cylindrical, a plurality of flue gas flow equalizing plates 26 are arranged in an inner cavity of the inner cylinder 25, flue gas in the middle box body 22 enters a top flue 27 of the cooling tower 16 through the inner cylinder 25, and the top flue 27 is connected with a reactor and.

Further, the ash conveying system comprises a circular truncated cone-shaped ash bucket 28 arranged at the bottom of the middle box body, the bottom of the circular truncated cone-shaped ash bucket 28 is provided with a bottom scraper machine 29, and a pneumatic ash conveying device 210 and an emergency ash discharging device 211 are arranged below the bottom scraper machine 29.

The air inlet section 23 is tangent to the circumferential surface of the middle box body 22, and the volute of the air inlet section 23 and the shell of the middle box body 22 are made of high-wear-resistance steel plates. The air inlet section of the air dust collector is provided with a tangential air inlet device, smoke enters tangentially, the air speed of an inlet is 10-15m/s, dust particles are separated from air flow and collected in the cylinder wall by virtue of centrifugal force after the dust collides with the cylinder wall of the middle box body 22, and then the dust particles fall into the cone-shaped dust hopper 28 by virtue of gravity. The clean flue gas after cyclone separation upwards enters a top flue 27 through an inner cylinder 25, 6 flue gas flow equalizing plates 26 are arranged in the inner cylinder, and the clean flue gas after flow equalization is discharged from a flue gas outlet into a reactor and a bag-type dust collector through water spraying and temperature reduction in the top flue 27.

Further, the base 21 is a circular cylinder, a circle of vertical reinforcing ribs are arranged on the base 21 to support the upper structure, the pneumatic ash conveying device 210 is located inside the base 21, and the base 21 is provided with an access door 212. As a passage for equipment access and maintenance. The pneumatic ash conveying device 210 adopts 2 sets of bin pump ash conveying systems, which can be mutually standby and can also convey ash simultaneously, thereby improving the stability of the ash conveying system.

Further, a plurality of spray guns 17 are uniformly distributed in the top flue of the cooling tower 16 in the circumferential direction, the spray guns 17 are high-temperature resistant double-fluid spray guns, and are provided with two connectors, one is connected with a water spray pipe 19, and the other is connected with a compressed air supply pipe 110. The atomization particle diameter of the spray gun is 100-150 mu m, the atomization particles are fine and uniform, and complete evaporation is ensured. The spray gun 17 can adapt to the process water flow under different flue gas working conditions, and can keep good atomization effect when the flow change is larger.

Wherein, the water spray supply pipe 13 is provided with FT: flow transmitter and PT: a pressure transmitter; the compressed air supply pipe 110 is provided with PI: in-situ pressure gauge and PT: a pressure transmitter; the flue gas pipe 24 is provided with a TT: temperature transmitter and PT: a pressure transmitter.

The integrated treatment process of the cyclone dust removal and cooling tower of the flue gas comprises the following steps:

a. dust removal: the air inlet section 23 of the cyclone dust collector is provided with a tangential air inlet device, smoke enters tangentially, the air speed of an inlet is 10-15m/s, dust collides with the wall of the middle box body 22, then dust particles are separated from air flow by means of centrifugal force and collected in the wall of the middle box body, then the dust particles fall into a cone-shaped dust hopper 28 by means of gravity, and the clean smoke enters the top flue 27 of the cooling tower 16 upwards through the inner cylinder after cyclone separation; after falling into the circular truncated cone shaped ash bucket 28, the dust particles are output by the bottom scraper 29 and the pneumatic ash conveying device 210;

b. and (3) cooling: the cooling unit process water and the compressed air are connected from a factory, the pneumatic butterfly valve 14 is controlled by the water tank liquid level switch 116 to open and close to supply water to the water tank 12, and then the process water is conveyed to the spray gun 17 through the variable frequency water pump 15. The compressed air line 110 is provided with a pressure reducing valve 112 and a pneumatic ball valve 113, and the pneumatic ball valve 113 is provided with a bypass valve which is kept at a slight opening to prevent the fly ash from blocking the nozzle after the spray gun is taken out of operation. When the cooling tower is started to spray water for cooling, compressed air needs to be started first, then cooling water needs to be started, the rotating speed of a water pump is slowly increased, and temperature drop is observed; when the water spraying is stopped, the cooling water is turned off firstly, and then the compressed air is turned off;

c. when the cooling tower is started to spray water for cooling, compressed air is firstly started, cooling water is then started, the rotating speed of the variable frequency water pump is slowly increased, and temperature drop is observed; when the water spraying is stopped, the cooling water is turned off first, and then the compressed air is turned off;

d. the PLC control system automatically adjusts the frequency and the rotating speed of the variable frequency water pump 15 according to the front and back smoke temperature and smoke flow signals, adjusts the water spraying amount of the spray gun 17 to maintain the smoke temperature at 130-140 ℃, and is stable, reliable, accurate and rapid. After cyclone dust removal and water spray cooling, the flue gas stays in a top flue for a certain time and then goes to a reactor and a bag-type dust remover, and the flow velocity of the flue gas is about 6-8 m/s.

The cyclone dust removal and cooling integrated device can be used independently or in parallel according to the size of the smoke volume, and the maximum smoke volume processed by a single device can reach 22 multiplied by 10 ⁴Nm ³H, the flue gas amount processed by the two devices in parallel can reach 44 multiplied by 10 ⁴Nm ³/h。

The advantages are as follows: 1. the process is an integrated process of cyclone dust removal and cooling of flue gas, and has the advantages of simple process, compact layout and small occupied area;

2. the process can accurately and quickly adjust the flue gas temperature of the outlet flue gas according to the flue gas flow signal and the flue gas temperature signal;

3. the cooling system of the process adopts a double-fluid spray gun, has good atomization effect and high cooling speed, and does not hang on the wall when spraying water;

4. the process has the advantages of large flue gas treatment amount, small pressure loss of equipment, stable operation and low energy consumption;

5. the process adopts 2 sets of pneumatic ash conveying devices, can be mutually standby, and can also simultaneously operate ash conveying, so that the stability of an ash conveying system is improved;

6. the cyclone dust removal and cooling integrated equipment adopts a novel volute type air inlet mode;

7. the cyclone dust removal and cooling integrated equipment adopts a novel combined ash discharge mode of a circular truncated cone-shaped ash bucket and a bottom plate scraper conveyor;

8. the inner cylinder of the cyclone dust removal and cooling integrated equipment is provided with the flow equalizing plate, so that the uniform distribution of outlet clean flue gas is improved, and the cooling effect of the flue gas is improved;

9. the shell steel plate of the cyclone dust removal and cooling integrated equipment, which is in contact with the original flue gas, is a wear-resistant steel plate, so that the service life of the equipment is prolonged.

The cooling unit of the system comprises a process water system, a compressed air system and a water spraying cooling system. The cyclone dust removal unit comprises a cyclone dust collector and an ash conveying system; the cyclone dust collector and the water spray cooling system are integrated equipment, the cyclone dust collector makes dust-containing airflow rotate, separates dust particles from the airflow by means of centrifugal force and collects the dust particles on the wall of the device, and then the dust particles fall into the dust hopper by means of gravity. The flue gas enters the cooling device after cyclone dust removal, the cooling spray gun is arranged at the top outlet flue, and the flue gas is discharged from the upper part after being cooled by water spray. The process has the advantages of simple structure, compact layout and small occupied area.

The method is mainly used for pre-removing dust in the flue gas and cooling and tempering the flue gas, so that the treatment efficiency of a subsequent desulfurization device is improved, and the service life of the bag-type dust remover is prolonged. The method is suitable for occasions with high smoke dust concentration, large ash particle diameter, high smoke temperature and the like, is suitable for the pretreatment of the smoke of a dry desulphurization device, and is particularly suitable for garbage incinerators, biomass furnaces and the like.

The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.