阅读说明：本技术 用于岩溶隧道围岩突水试验的装置 (Device for karst tunnel surrounding rock water inrush test ) 是由 王丽君 顾峰 马建新 郑志龙 李国庆 于 2019-11-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及隧道工程技术领域,尤其是一种用于岩溶隧道围岩突水试验的装置,其包括支撑外框架、隧道结构模型、岩溶管道网络模型、试验岩溶水收集组件、试验供水组件,隧道结构模型、试验岩溶水收集组件设置在支撑外框架上,且隧道结构模型与试验岩溶水收集组件相连通,试验供水组件设置在隧道结构模型的上方,试验供水组件通过岩溶管道网络模型与隧道结构模型相连通。本发明能够模拟围岩岩溶管道对岩溶隧道突水的过程,并能够实时对其进行观测,得到围岩在突水过程中的实时渗流情况,对保证并提高隧道施工和运营安全性提出有效措施提供理论依据；而且,该装置结构简单,操作简单、可靠,可以重复使用,成本低。(The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel engineering, in particular to a device for a karst tunnel surrounding rock water inrush test. The method can simulate the process of surrounding rock karst pipelines on water inrush of karst tunnels, can observe the water inrush in real time to obtain the real-time seepage situation of the surrounding rocks in the water inrush process, and provides theoretical basis for providing effective measures for guaranteeing and improving tunnel construction and operation safety; moreover, the device has simple structure, simple and reliable operation, repeated use and low cost.)

1. A device for karst tunnel country rock gushing water is experimental, its characterized in that: including supporting outer frame (1), tunnel structure model (2), karst pipeline network model (3), experimental karst water collection subassembly (4), experimental water supply subassembly (5), tunnel structure model (2), experimental karst water collection subassembly (4) set up on supporting outer frame (1), and tunnel structure model (2) and experimental karst water collection subassembly (4) are linked together, experimental water supply subassembly (5) set up the top in tunnel structure model (2), experimental water supply subassembly (5) are linked together with tunnel structure model (2) through karst pipeline network model (3).

2. The device for the karst tunnel surrounding rock water inrush test of claim 1, wherein: the supporting outer frame (1) is of a hollow frame structure, and the shape of the supporting outer frame (1) is a cuboid.

3. The device for the karst tunnel surrounding rock water inrush test of claim 1, wherein: the tunnel structure model is characterized in that connecting cross beams (21) are connected and arranged on the periphery of the tunnel structure model (2), buckles are arranged at the outer end portions of the connecting cross beams (21), clamping grooves (11) are formed in the middle of the outer supporting frame (1), and the buckles are arranged in the clamping grooves (11) in a matched mode to enable the tunnel structure model (2) to be horizontally arranged on the middle upper portion of the outer supporting frame (1).

4. The device for the karst tunnel surrounding rock water inrush test of claim 1, wherein: the tunnel structure model (2) is made by transparent material, and tunnel structure model (2) evenly is provided with a plurality of experimental karst water inlet openings (24) including arch portion (22), bottom plate portion (23) that link together on arch portion (22), is provided with a plurality of experimental karst water apopores (25) on bottom plate portion (23), and the both sides connection of arch portion (22) is provided with breakwater (26).

5. The device for the karst tunnel surrounding rock water inrush test of claim 4, wherein: the bottom of the supporting outer frame (1) is provided with a supporting bottom plate (12), the test karst water collecting assembly (4) comprises a box-shaped water collecting disc, the box-shaped water collecting disc is arranged on the supporting bottom plate (12), and the box-shaped water collecting disc is located below a test karst water outlet hole (25).

6. The device for the karst tunnel surrounding rock water inrush test of claim 5, wherein: the water collecting device also comprises an electronic scale which is arranged between the box-shaped water collecting tray and the supporting bottom plate (12).

7. The apparatus for the karst tunnel surrounding rock water inrush test of any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein: the test water supply assembly (5) comprises an external water tank (51), a plurality of test water outlet pipelines (52) are arranged at the lower part of the external water tank (51), and the test water outlet pipelines (52) are communicated with the external water tank (51).

8. The apparatus for the karst tunnel surrounding rock water inrush test of claim 7, wherein: the karst pipeline network model (3) comprises a plurality of main connecting pipelines (31), a plurality of water outlet pipelines (32), a network pipeline assembly, a plurality of first control valves (33) and a plurality of second control valves (34), wherein one main connecting pipeline (31) is connected with one test water outlet pipeline (52), and one main connecting pipeline (31) is provided with one first control valve (33);

one water outlet pipeline (32) is inserted into one test karst water inlet hole (24) in a matching way, and a second control valve (34) is arranged on one water outlet pipeline (32);

the main connecting pipe (31) is communicated with the water outlet pipe (32) through a network pipe component.

9. The apparatus for the karst tunnel surrounding rock water inrush test of claim 8, wherein: the network pipeline assembly comprises a plurality of middle water passing pipelines (35) and a plurality of multi-port adapter joints (36), the middle water passing pipelines (35) can be detachably connected with outlets of the main connecting pipeline (31) and the multi-port adapter joints (36) or water outlet branch pipelines (32), and all the middle water passing pipelines (35) are mutually communicated through all the multi-port adapter joints (36).

10. The apparatus for the karst tunnel surrounding rock water inrush test of claim 9, wherein: the main connecting pipeline (31), the water outlet pipeline (32) and the intermediate water passing pipeline (35) are hoses made of transparent materials.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel engineering, in particular to a device for a karst tunnel surrounding rock water inrush test.

Background

In the infrastructure construction process, tunnel projects such as roads, railways and the like sometimes inevitably need to pass through a karst stratum, the tunnel is called a karst tunnel, and as the karst tunnel is positioned in the karst stratum, surrounding rocks around the karst tunnel can generate water inrush to influence the safety of tunnel construction and operation, the research on the hydrodynamics mechanism of the surrounding rocks of the karst tunnel is carried out, and effective precautionary measures are further provided to ensure the safety of tunnel construction and operation, so that the method has important theoretical significance and practical guidance value.

Disclosure of Invention

The device for the karst tunnel surrounding rock water inrush test is simple in structure and can simulate the process of surrounding rock karst pipelines on water inrush of karst tunnels.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a device for karst tunnel country rock gushing water is experimental, including supporting outer frame, tunnel structure model, karst pipeline network model, experimental karst water collection subassembly, experimental water supply subassembly, tunnel structure model, experimental karst water collection subassembly set up on supporting outer frame, and tunnel structure model and experimental karst water collection subassembly are linked together, and experimental water supply subassembly sets up in the top of tunnel structure model, and experimental water supply subassembly is linked together through karst pipeline network model and tunnel structure model.

Further, the support outer frame is of a hollow frame structure, and the support outer frame is in a cuboid shape.

Furthermore, the periphery of the tunnel structure model is provided with connecting beams, the outer end parts of the connecting beams are provided with buckles, the middle of the outer supporting frame is provided with a clamping groove, and the buckles are arranged in the clamping groove in a matched mode to enable the tunnel structure model to be horizontally arranged on the middle upper part of the outer supporting frame.

Further, the tunnel structure model is made by transparent material, and the tunnel structure model is including arch portion, the bottom plate portion that links together, evenly is provided with a plurality of experimental karst water inlet openings in the arch portion, is provided with a plurality of experimental karst water apopores on the bottom plate portion, and the both sides connection of arch portion is provided with the breakwater.

Further, the bottom of the supporting outer frame is provided with a supporting bottom plate, the test karst water collecting assembly comprises a box-shaped water collecting disc, the box-shaped water collecting disc is arranged on the supporting bottom plate, and the box-shaped water collecting disc is located below the test karst water outlet hole.

Further comprises an electronic scale which is arranged between the box-shaped water collecting tray and the supporting bottom plate.

Furthermore, the test water supply assembly comprises an external water tank, a plurality of test water outlet pipelines are arranged at the lower part of the external water tank, and the test water outlet pipelines are communicated with the external water tank.

Further, the karst pipeline network model comprises a plurality of connecting main pipelines, a plurality of water outlet pipelines, a network pipeline assembly, a plurality of first control valves and a plurality of second control valves, wherein one connecting main pipeline is connected with one test water outlet pipeline, and one connecting main pipeline is provided with one first control valve;

one water outlet branch pipeline is inserted into one test karst water inlet hole in a matching way, and a second control valve is arranged on one water outlet branch pipeline;

the main connecting pipeline is communicated with the water outlet pipeline through a network pipeline component.

Further, the network pipeline component comprises a plurality of middle water passing pipelines and a plurality of multi-port adapter joints, the middle water passing pipelines can be detachably connected with outlets of the connecting main pipeline and the multi-port adapter joints or water outlet branch pipelines, and all the middle water passing pipelines are communicated with each other through all the multi-port adapter joints.

Furthermore, the main connecting pipeline, the water outlet pipeline and the intermediate water passing pipeline are hoses made of transparent materials.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the device for the karst tunnel surrounding rock water inrush test comprises a supporting outer frame, a tunnel structure model, a karst pipeline network model, a test karst water collecting assembly and a test water supply assembly, wherein the supporting outer frame mainly plays a role in supporting the tunnel structure model and the test karst water collecting assembly; the tunnel structure model is obtained by reducing the typical section size of the actual tunnel engineering according to a certain proportion and is used for simulating a tunnel; the karst pipeline network model is used for simulating a karst pipeline in the surrounding rock; the test karst water collecting assembly is used for collecting the water amount which protrudes into the tunnel structure model during the test and further converting the water amount into the water inrush amount of the tunnel; the test water supply assembly is used for providing test karst water for use in a test; therefore, the device for the karst tunnel surrounding rock water inrush test can simulate the process of surrounding rock karst pipelines for water inrush of karst tunnels, can observe the water inrush process in real time to obtain the real-time seepage situation of the surrounding rocks in the water inrush process, and provides theoretical basis for providing effective measures for guaranteeing and improving tunnel construction and operation safety; moreover, the device has the advantages of simple structure, simple and reliable operation, repeated use, low cost and contribution to popularization.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a perspective schematic view of a support outer frame, a tunnel structure model, and a test karst water collection assembly after connection;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a test water supply assembly;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the connection of a test water supply assembly, a network model of a karst pipeline, and a model of a tunnel structure;

labeled as: support outer frame 1, draw-in groove 11, supporting baseplate 12, tunnel structure model 2, connecting beam 21, arch portion 22, bottom plate portion 23, experimental karst water inlet opening 24, experimental karst water apopore 25, breakwater 26, karst pipeline network model 3, connecting main pipeline 31, play moisture pipeline 32, first control valve 33, second control valve 34, middle water piping 35 that crosses, many mouthfuls of adapter 36, experimental karst water collection subassembly 4, experimental water supply subassembly 5, outside water tank 51, experimental water outlet pipe 52.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and detailed description.

As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the device for the karst tunnel surrounding rock water inrush test comprises a supporting outer frame 1, a tunnel structure model 2, a karst pipeline network model 3, a test karst water collecting component 4 and a test water supply component 5, wherein the tunnel structure model 2 and the test karst water collecting component 4 are arranged on the supporting outer frame 1, the tunnel structure model 2 is communicated with the test karst water collecting component 4, the test water supply component 5 is arranged above the tunnel structure model 2, and the test water supply component 5 is communicated with the tunnel structure model 2 through the karst pipeline network model 3.

The outer supporting frame 1 mainly plays a role in supporting the tunnel structure model 2 and the test karst water collecting assembly 4, and the outer supporting frame 1 is preferably a hollow frame structure due to the fact that the cross section of the tunnel structure model 2 is arched, the outer supporting frame 1 is cuboid in shape, and the tunnel structure model 2 is conveniently supported by the hollow frame structure and arranged in the outer supporting frame 1. The supporting outer frame 1 is manufactured by welding L-shaped angle steel and comprises cross beams and vertical rods which are welded together in a cross mode. In order to facilitate the installation and the fixation of the tunnel structure model 2, the connection all around of the tunnel structure model 2 is provided with a connecting beam 21, the outer end part of the connecting beam 21 is provided with a buckle, the middle of the outer support frame 1 is provided with a clamping groove 11, the buckle is matched and arranged in the clamping groove 11 to enable the tunnel structure model 2 to be horizontally arranged on the middle upper part of the outer support frame 1, and the tunnel structure model 2 is horizontally arranged on the middle upper part of the outer support frame 1 to facilitate the support of the tunnel structure model 2 and the layout and the use of the test karst water collection assembly 4.

The tunnel structure model 2 is reduced according to the typical section size of the actual tunnel engineering in a certain proportion, a tunnel structure three-dimensional model is established in drawing software, and then the 3D printer technology is adopted to print the tunnel structure model 2, so that the manufacturing precision of the tunnel structure model 2 is ensured. In order to facilitate observation of the process of water inrush of the surrounding rock karst pipeline to the karst tunnel, the tunnel structure model 2 is made of transparent materials. As shown in fig. 1 again, the tunnel structure model 2 includes an arch portion 22 and a bottom plate portion 23 that are connected together, a plurality of test karst water inlet holes 24 are evenly arranged on the arch portion 22, a plurality of test karst water outlet holes 25 are arranged on the bottom plate portion 23, and during the test, the test karst water inlet holes 24 are used for the test karst water to enter the tunnel structure model 2 and then flow into the test karst water collecting component 4 from the test karst water outlet holes 25. The experimental karst water inlet openings 24 evenly distributed is on arch portion 22, and the interval between the adjacent experimental karst water inlet openings 24 is 4cm, and experimental karst water apopore 25 sets up along 2 axial directions of tunnel structure model, and the interval between the adjacent experimental karst water apopore 25 also is 4 cm. Since the tunnel structure model 2 is a semi-closed structure and the two sides of the tunnel structure model 2 are open, in order to prevent the test karst water from flowing disorderly, it is inconvenient to collect the test karst water, and the two sides of the arch part 22 are connected and provided with the water baffle 26.

The test karst water collection assembly 4 is used for collecting the amount of water which protrudes into the tunnel structure model 2 during the test. In order to facilitate the installation setting of experimental karst water collection subassembly 4, the bottom of supporting outer frame 1 is provided with supporting baseplate 12, and experimental karst water collection subassembly 4 includes box-shaped water-collecting tray, and box-shaped water-collecting tray sets up on supporting baseplate 12, and box-shaped water-collecting tray is located the below of experimental karst water apopore 25, and experimental karst water comes out from experimental karst water apopore 25 directly to fall into box-shaped water-collecting tray, very facilitates the use. In order to obtain the weight of the water in the box-shaped water collecting tray, an electronic scale is arranged between the box-shaped water collecting tray and the supporting bottom plate 12.

The test water supply assembly 5 is used for supplying test karst water, preferably water with certain pressure for test. During the experiment, experimental water supply subassembly 5 sets up in tunnel structure model 2's top, and the experimental karst water among the experimental water supply subassembly 5 gets into tunnel structure model 2 under the effect of pressure differential, and the difference in height between experimental water supply subassembly 5 and the tunnel structure model 2 is surveyed according to the concrete experiment, and the difference in height simulates the head difference to realize different hydraulic control. In order to facilitate the setting of the test water supply assembly 5 and the karst pipeline network model 3, a mounting bracket can be further arranged, the height of the mounting bracket can be adjusted, and the test water supply assembly 5 is arranged at the top of the mounting bracket. The test water supply assembly 5 of the present invention preferably has a structure in which: as shown in fig. 2, the test water supply assembly 5 includes an external water tank 51, a plurality of test water outlet pipes 52 are provided at a lower portion of the external water tank 51, and the test water outlet pipes 52 communicate with the external water tank 51.

The karst pipeline network model 3 is used for simulating karst pipelines in surrounding rocks, karst pipeline pipelines in different places are different, in order to enable the karst pipeline network model 3 to be suitable for the karst pipeline pipelines in multiple places and control the position and the quantity of water inrush generated by the tunnel structure model 2, one preferable structure of the karst pipeline network model 3 is as follows: as shown in fig. 3, the karst pipeline network model 3 includes a plurality of main connecting pipes 31, a plurality of water outlet pipes 32, a network pipe assembly, a plurality of first control valves 33, and a plurality of second control valves 34, one main connecting pipe 31 is connected with one test water outlet pipe 52, and one main connecting pipe 31 is provided with one first control valve 33; one water outlet branch pipe 32 is inserted into one test karst water inlet hole 24 in a matching way, and a second control valve 34 is arranged on one water outlet branch pipe 32; connecting main pipe 31 is linked together through network pipeline subassembly and play water branch pipeline 32, network pipeline subassembly is the crotch shape, it includes many middle water pipes 35, a plurality of many mouthfuls crossover sub 36, middle water pipes 35 can with connecting main pipe 31, many mouthfuls crossover sub's 36 export or play water branch pipeline 32 can dismantle the connection, and all middle water pipes 35 communicate each other through all many mouthfuls crossover sub 36, many mouthfuls crossover sub 36 can be the two-way pipe, the three-way pipe, the four-way pipe etc., first control flap 33 can control the intercommunication and the flow size that correspond connecting main pipe 31, second control flap 34 can control the intercommunication and the flow size that correspond play water branch pipeline 32. During the experiment, through the switching of control first control valve 33, second control valve 34 to realize the communicating rate of experimental water supply subassembly 5 and tunnel structure model 2, the different karst pipeline combination circumstances are simulated to the cross connection mode and the quantity between the control adjacent middle water piping 35, realize being applicable to the karst pipeline in a plurality of places. In order to facilitate observation and use, the main connecting pipeline 31, the branch outlet pipeline 32 and the intermediate water passing pipeline 35 are hoses made of transparent materials. In order to facilitate the control of the first control valve 33 and the second control valve 34 and realize automatic adjustment, the first control valve 33 and the second control valve 34 are electromagnetic valves, and are both connected with a controller through signal data lines, and the opening and closing and the opening size (flow rate adjustment) of the first control valve 33 and the second control valve 34 are adjusted through the controller.

The process of carrying out the karst tunnel surrounding rock water inrush test by adopting the test device of the invention comprises the following steps: firstly, a certain amount of karst test water is added into an external water tank 51 of a test water supply assembly 5, at the moment, a first control valve 33 and a second control valve 34 are both in a closed state, then the combination of test karst pipelines is determined by controlling the cross connection mode and the quantity between an intermediate water passing pipeline 35 and a multi-port adapter 36, then the first control valve 33 and the second control valve 34 which need to be opened are opened, so that the karst test water enters a test karst water collection assembly 4 along a karst pipeline network model 3 and a tunnel structure model 2, finally the mass of the karst test water in the test karst water collection assembly 4 is weighed by an electronic scale, and the volume of gushing water is obtained by conversion.

In conclusion, the device for the karst tunnel surrounding rock water inrush test can simulate the process of surrounding rock karst pipelines for water inrush of karst tunnels, can observe the process in real time to obtain the real-time seepage situation of surrounding rocks in the water inrush process, and provides theoretical basis for providing effective measures for guaranteeing and improving tunnel construction and operation safety; moreover, the device has the advantages of simple structure, simple and reliable operation, repeated use, low cost and contribution to popularization.