阅读说明：本技术 一种百香果的育苗方法及育苗基质 (Seedling raising method and seedling raising matrix for passion fruits ) 是由 韦晓霞 吴如健 陈瑾 赖瑞联 于 2019-11-11 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种百香果的育苗方法及育苗基质,其中所述育苗方法包括以下步骤：(1)用第一阶段的基质将百香果的种子培育至长到四叶一心,高度为8-10cm的小苗,培育时间为1个月左右；所述第一阶段的基质为泥炭土加5％蛭石；(2)用第二阶段的基质将小苗培育2个月左右,长成高度为20-25cm的幼苗；所述第二阶段的基质为泥炭土、椰糠、珍珠岩混合基质；(3)用第三阶段的基质将幼苗培育至高度达80-100cm的苗木出圃定植；所述第三阶段的基质为田园土、菌渣、有机肥混合基质。本发明根据苗木大小及需水量,结合百香果幼苗的生长环境特点,采用分阶段不同基质进行育苗,使得百香果苗木成活率高、生长整齐、苗木健壮。(The invention relates to a seedling raising method and a seedling raising substrate for passion fruit, wherein the seedling raising method comprises the following steps: (1) cultivating the seeds of the passion fruit by using the substrate in the first stage until the seeds grow to be four leaves and one heart and are seedlings with the height of 8-10cm, wherein the cultivation time is about 1 month; the substrate of the first stage is peat soil added with 5% of vermiculite; (2) cultivating the young seedlings for about 2 months by using the substrate in the second stage to grow the young seedlings with the height of 20-25 cm; the substrate of the second stage is a peat soil, coconut husk and perlite mixed substrate; (3) cultivating the seedlings to be 80-100cm high by using the substrate in the third stage, and outplanting and planting the seedlings; and the substrate in the third stage is a mixed substrate of garden soil, mushroom dregs and organic fertilizer. According to the method, seedlings are grown by adopting different stages of substrates according to the size and water demand of the seedlings and the characteristics of the growing environment of the passion fruit seedlings, so that the passion fruit seedlings are high in survival rate, regular in growth and robust.)

1. A seedling raising method of passion fruits is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) cultivating the seeds of the passion fruit by using the substrate in the first stage until the seeds grow to be four leaves and one heart and are seedlings with the height of 8-10cm, wherein the cultivation time is about 1 month; the substrate of the first stage is peat soil added with 5% of vermiculite;

(2) cultivating the young seedlings for about 2 months by using the substrate in the second stage to grow the young seedlings with the height of 20-25 cm; the substrate of the second stage is a peat soil, coconut husk and perlite mixed substrate;

(3) cultivating the seedlings to be 80-100cm high by using the substrate in the third stage, and outplanting and planting the seedlings; and the substrate in the third stage is a mixed substrate of garden soil, mushroom dregs and organic fertilizer.

2. The method for raising seedlings of passion fruit according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: the cultivating container in the step (1) is a 200-hole foam plug tray.

3. The method for raising seedlings of passion fruit according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: the proportion of the peat soil, the coconut husk and the perlite in the step (2) is 1-5:1-3: 1-3.

4. The method for raising seedlings of passion fruit according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: the cultivation container in the step (2) is a 32-hole plastic tray.

5. The method for raising seedlings of passion fruit according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: the proportion of the garden soil, the fungus dregs and the organic fertilizer in the step (3) is 50-80:30-40: 1-8.

6. A seedling culture substrate of passion fruit is characterized in that: the seedling substrate is a substrate formed by peat soil and 5% of vermiculite, and is suitable for cultivating the seeds of the passion fruit to small seedlings with the length of 8-10cm and the length of four leaves and one heart.

7. A seedling culture substrate of passion fruit is characterized in that: the seedling culture medium is a mixed medium of peat soil, coconut chaff and perlite, and is suitable for culturing passion fruit seedlings with the height of 8-10cm to seedlings with the height of 20-25 cm.

8. The method for raising seedlings of passion fruit according to claim 7, characterized by comprising the following steps: the proportion of the peat soil, the coconut husk and the perlite is 3:1: 1.

9. A seedling culture substrate of passion fruit is characterized in that: the seedling substrate is a mixed substrate of garden soil, mushroom dregs and an organic fertile field, and is suitable for cultivating seedlings with the height of 20-25cm to be 80-100cm for outplanting and field planting.

10. The method for raising seedlings of passion fruit according to claim 9, characterized by comprising the following steps: the proportion of the garden soil, the fungus dregs and the organic fertilizer is 60:35: 5.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of plant cultivation, in particular to a seedling culture substrate designed for different growth stages of passion fruit and a passion fruit seedling culture method for seedling culture by adopting the seedling culture substrate.

Background

Passion fruit, also known as eggfruit, is known by the scientific name: passiflora edulis Sims is a herbaceous vine plant of the genus Passiflora of the family Passifloraceae.

The passion fruit contains 17 amino acids, is rich in 165 substances such as protein, fat, sugar, vitamins, calcium, phosphorus, iron, potassium, SOD enzyme, super fiber and the like which are beneficial to human bodies, is called as the king of VC (vitamin) in the fruit, and has unique taste. The passion fruit can be eaten as raw food or used as vegetable and feed. It has exciting and strengthening effects when used as a medicine. The pulp is juicy, and can be added with calcium bicarbonate and sugar to make aromatic and delicious beverage, or added into other beverage to improve quality of beverage. The passion fruit seed can be used for oil extraction, and can be used for preparing edible soap, oil paint and the like. The passion fruit has large and beautiful flower without fragrance, and can be used as a garden ornamental plant. In other areas except China, passion fruit essence is called as "the king of fruit juice" and "the money tree". Therefore, the passion fruit planting method has extremely good market prospect, and how to better grow seedlings of the passion fruit is very important.

Traditional soil is grown seedlings and is easily brought source of disease, insect source, and the permeability is poor, causes soil hardening easily, and is not light enough, and the weed seed is many, influences the seedling growth vigor, consequently, matrix is grown seedlings and is received more and more attention.

The seedling raising medium is high quality soil or soilless culture medium prepared with organic and inorganic material and microbial preparation based on the requirement of seedling growth. The selected seedling culture substrate can fix the root system, can observe the growth condition of the root system, reduces the occurrence of plant diseases and insect pests, provides substrates with different proportions for plants with different requirements, and enables the plants to grow better.

The passion fruit is a plant with a shallow root system, is fond of soil wetting, is forbidden to accumulate water and be afraid of drought, and has different requirements on a substrate in different growth stages, so that if a proper seedling substrate is prepared to meet the requirements of different growth stages according to the requirements of passion fruit seedling culture, the technical problem to be solved by the technical personnel in the field is solved.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a three-stage seedling raising substrate for raising seedlings of passion fruit and a method for raising seedlings by adopting different stages of substrates.

The specific scheme is as follows:

one of the purposes of the invention is to provide a seedling raising method of passion fruit, which comprises the following steps:

(1) cultivating the seeds of the passion fruit by using the substrate in the first stage until the seeds grow to be four leaves and one heart and are seedlings with the height of 8-10cm, wherein the cultivation time is about 1 month; the substrate of the first stage is peat soil added with 5% of vermiculite;

(2) cultivating the young seedlings for about 2 months by using the substrate in the second stage to grow the young seedlings with the height of 20-25 cm; the substrate of the second stage is a peat soil, coconut husk and perlite mixed substrate;

(3) cultivating the seedlings to be 80-100cm high by using the substrate in the third stage, and outplanting and planting the seedlings; and the substrate in the third stage is a mixed substrate of garden soil, mushroom dregs and organic fertilizer.

Further, the culturing container in the step (1) is a 200-hole foam plug tray.

Further, the proportion of the peat soil, the coconut coir and the perlite in the step (2) is 1-5:1-3: 1-3.

Further, the culture container in the step (2) is a 32-hole plastic tray.

Further, the proportion of the garden soil, the mushroom dregs and the organic fertilizer in the step (3) is 50-80:30-40: 1-8.

The invention also aims to provide a seedling substrate of passion fruit, which is a substrate of peat soil and 5% of vermiculite and is suitable for cultivating seeds of passion fruit to small seedlings with the length of four leaves and one heart and the height of 8-10 cm.

The invention also aims to provide a seedling substrate of passion fruit, wherein the seedling substrate is a peat soil, coconut husk and perlite mixed substrate, and the seedling substrate is suitable for cultivating seedlings of passion fruit with the height of 8-10cm to seedlings with the height of 20-25 cm.

Further, the proportion of the peat soil, the coconut husk and the perlite is 3:1: 1.

The invention also aims to provide a passion fruit seedling culture substrate which is a mixed substrate of garden soil, mushroom dregs and an organic fertile field, and the seedling culture substrate is suitable for cultivating seedlings with the height of 20-25cm to be transplanted and fixed on a nursery of a nursery stock with the height of 80-100 cm.

Furthermore, the proportion of the garden soil, the fungus residues and the organic fertilizer is 60:35: 5.

Wherein:

the passion fruit soil is required to be loose in the seedling stage, the water drainage is good, and the substrate can play a role in fixing and supporting a root system. In addition, the passion fruit seedlings require less matrix, but the requirement on the humidity of the matrix is high, so that the matrix in the first stage of cultivating the seeds into the seedlings mainly adopts pure peat soil; when the seedlings grow to the second stage of the four-leaf and one-heart plantlet, the growth amount is increased, the root system is developed, and the requirement on the air permeability of the matrix is high, so that the mixed matrix of coconut coir and perlite is added in the stage; when the seedlings grow to the third stage of more than 20cm, the roots are developed, the soil demand is large, and the fertilizer demand is increased, so that the rural soil, organic fertilizers and the like with lower cost are increased. The invention provides a loose, breathable, reasonable and staged-proportioning matrix formula according to the requirements of passion fruit in different growth stages, and has good market prospect.

Has the advantages that:

according to the method, seedlings are grown by adopting different stages of substrates according to the size and water demand of the seedlings and the characteristics of the growing environment of the passion fruit seedlings, so that the passion fruit seedlings are high in survival rate, regular in growth and robust.

The passion fruit seedling culture method adopts three stages of different substrates, so that passion fruit seedlings grow neatly, the operation is simple, the raw material source is wide, the cost is reduced, and the method is suitable for large-area popularization.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention is intended to be illustrative of the invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention. The examples do not specify particular techniques or conditions, and are performed according to the techniques or conditions described in the literature in the art or according to the product specifications. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products commercially available.