阅读说明：本技术 基于高压放电的智能雾化喷嘴及喷雾控制系统 (Intelligent atomizing nozzle based on high-voltage discharge and spraying control system ) 是由 周思引 田园 聂万胜 陈朋 于 2019-11-22 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种基于高压放电的智能雾化喷嘴及喷雾控制系统,包括内流体通道、外流体通道、高压电极、两个低压电极和高压电源；外流体通道用于通入液体燃料；内流体通道用于通入气体氧化剂,其下游末端短于外流体通道,形成缩进区；高压电极和两个低压电极均呈环形,且均与高压电源相连接；高压电极设在靠近尾部的内流体通道中,其外壁面贴附在内流体通道的内壁面；两个低压电极均等距嵌套在高压电极上游端和下游端的内流体通道的外壁面上；高压电极和任一个低压电极相接通,均形成一个放电激励器；两个放电激励器能形成两个方向的等离子体诱导射流。本发明能根据需求快速地调节雾化角、雾化液滴直径等参数,进而实现雾化效果的有效控制。(The invention discloses an intelligent atomizing nozzle based on high-voltage discharge and a spray control system, which comprise an inner fluid channel, an outer fluid channel, a high-voltage electrode, two low-voltage electrodes and a high-voltage power supply, wherein the inner fluid channel is connected with the outer fluid channel through a high-voltage power supply; the outer fluid channel is used for introducing liquid fuel; the inner fluid channel is used for introducing a gas oxidant, and the downstream end of the inner fluid channel is shorter than the outer fluid channel to form a contraction area; the high-voltage electrode and the two low-voltage electrodes are annular and are connected with a high-voltage power supply; the high-voltage electrode is arranged in the internal fluid channel close to the tail part, and the outer wall surface of the high-voltage electrode is attached to the inner wall surface of the internal fluid channel; the two low-voltage electrodes are embedded on the outer wall surface of the inner fluid channel at the upstream end and the downstream end of the high-voltage electrode in equal distance; the high-voltage electrode is communicated with any one of the low-voltage electrodes to form a discharge exciter; the two discharge exciters can form plasma-induced jet flow in two directions. The invention can quickly adjust parameters such as the atomization angle, the diameter of atomized liquid drops and the like according to requirements, thereby realizing effective control of the atomization effect.)

1. The utility model provides an intelligence atomizing nozzle based on high-pressure discharge which characterized in that: the device comprises an inner fluid channel, an outer fluid channel, a high-voltage electrode, two low-voltage electrodes and a high-voltage power supply;

the outer fluid channel is coaxially arranged at the outer side of the inner fluid channel and is used for introducing liquid fuel; the upstream head end of the inner fluid channel is a gas oxidant inlet, and the downstream tail end of the inner fluid channel is shorter than the outer fluid channel to form a contraction area;

the high-voltage electrode and the two low-voltage electrodes are annular and are connected with a high-voltage power supply; the high-voltage electrode is arranged in the inner fluid channel close to the tail part, and the outer wall surface of the high-voltage electrode is attached to the inner wall surface of the inner fluid channel;

the two low-voltage electrodes are embedded on the outer wall surface of the inner fluid channel at the upstream end and the downstream end of the high-voltage electrode in equal distance;

the high-voltage electrode is communicated with any one of the low-voltage electrodes to form a discharge exciter; the two discharge exciters can form plasma-induced jet flow in two directions.

2. The intelligent atomizing nozzle based on high-voltage discharge as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the outer end face of the low-voltage electrode at the downstream end is flush with the outlet end face of the internal fluid passage.

3. The high-voltage discharge-based intelligent atomizing nozzle according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the upstream head end of the outer fluid channel is connected with a plurality of fuel inlet channels which are uniformly distributed along the radial direction, and the fuel inlet channels are arranged on the upstream side of the low-voltage electrode at the upstream end.

4. The high-voltage discharge based intelligent atomizing nozzle according to claim 3, characterized in that: each fuel inlet channel adopts a direct current or rotational flow arrangement mode.

5. The high-voltage discharge based intelligent atomizing nozzle according to claim 3, characterized in that: the annular thickness of the high-voltage electrode is 0.05-1mm, the length of an axial gap between the high-voltage electrode and the low-voltage electrode is 0-1mm, and the axial length of the low-voltage electrode is not less than that of the high-voltage electrode.

6. The intelligent high-voltage discharge-based atomizing nozzle according to claim 5, wherein: the discharge exciter is dielectric barrier discharge, and the type of the high-voltage power supply is high-frequency alternating current or microsecond/nanosecond/picosecond pulse.

7. The intelligent high-voltage discharge-based atomizing nozzle according to claim 5, wherein: the high-voltage electrode and the low-voltage electrode are both made of metal conductive materials, and the intelligent atomizing nozzle is integrally made of insulating materials.

8. The utility model provides an intelligence spraying control system based on high-voltage discharge which characterized in that: the system comprises an intelligent atomizing nozzle, a rocket engine thrust chamber, a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor and a computer;

an intelligent atomizing nozzle, as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 7, disposed on an injection panel of a rocket engine thrust chamber;

the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor are arranged in a rocket engine thrust chamber and are respectively used for monitoring the post-injection temperature and the post-injection pressure of the atomized propellant injected in the rocket engine thrust chamber;

the temperature sensor, the pressure sensor and the high-voltage power supply are all connected with the computer to form closed-loop control of the spraying effect.

9. The intelligent high-voltage discharge-based spray control system according to claim 8, wherein: the temperature sensor and pressure sensor integrated device further comprises a concentrator, and the concentrator is used for containing and arranging the transmission lines connected with the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor and the computer.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of aerospace power devices, in particular to an intelligent atomizing nozzle based on high-voltage discharge and a spraying control system.

Background

In aircraft power devices such as liquid rocket engines and aircraft engines, liquid kerosene is usually used as fuel, and the liquid fuel is sprayed out from a nozzle of a combustion chamber and undergoes several sub-processes of atomization, evaporation, mixing and combustion in sequence. The quality of the organization of the atomization as the first sub-process is directly related to other subsequent sub-processes, and then the ignition success or failure, the flame stability, the combustion efficiency and the like in the combustion chamber of the engine are influenced. Specifically, when the atomized droplets generated by the nozzle are too large, rough combustion may occur, the evaporation time becomes long, and ignition is difficult; when the atomized droplets are too fine, unstable combustion may occur. Particularly, the combustion process in the liquid rocket engine is extremely sensitive to atomization, the atomization parameters of liquid drops determine the space distribution of the propellant, further the space distribution of chemical reaction heat of a combustion chamber is influenced, the relationship between heat release and pressure oscillation directly influences the stability of combustion, and the atomization state of the propellant determines the combustion efficiency and the combustion stability to a great extent.

At present, the atomizing nozzles used in the aerospace field mainly have a straight cylinder type, an impact type and a coaxial type, wherein the coaxial type is divided into a coaxial direct current and a coaxial rotational flow. At present, the research generally considers that the straight cylinder type nozzle has long atomization distance and poor effect and is basically not adopted in liquid rocket engines and aeroengines; the impact type nozzle needs a plurality of jet flows, the atomization uniformity is difficult to ensure, and the impact type nozzle is only used on a small number of large engines; the coaxial nozzle has relatively good atomization effect and compact structure, and is widely applied to various aerospace power devices.

However, for a certain type of engine, the nozzle configuration is fixed, unexpected changes of fuel injection parameters can occur due to various internal and external factors during the operation of the engine, when the fuel atomization parameters exceed the normal operation range of the engine, the combustion efficiency is reduced, the engine thrust is reduced, and when the fuel atomization parameters exceed the normal operation range of the engine, the ignition failure or even explosion occurs. The existing solution can only adjust the flow of the propellant generally, has large difficulty in accurate control, limited adjusting range, delayed response and the like. Therefore, how to realize the dynamic and rapid adjustment of the nozzle atomization effect to timely and effectively deal with the change of working conditions is an important technical problem faced by liquid rocket engines, even power devices adopting liquid fuel, such as aircraft engines, ramjets and the like.

The aerospace application technology is receiving wide attention in recent years, the plasma generated by high-voltage discharge can be used for flow control and auxiliary combustion, and the latest international research results show that the gas flow speed range which can be controlled by the high-voltage discharge plasma covers from low speed to supersonic speed, and the ignition delay can be shortened, the combustion efficiency can be improved, the flame can be stabilized and the like in the aspect of combustion. The high-voltage discharge plasma technology is applied to the atomization of the nozzle of the engine, the advantages of rapid electric control effect, no inertia component, wide working range and the like are exerted, and the intelligent, efficient and wide-range control of the atomization performance of the nozzle can be realized.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of the prior art and provides an intelligent atomizing nozzle and a spray control system based on high-voltage discharge, and the intelligent atomizing nozzle and the spray control system based on high-voltage discharge can quickly and effectively control the atomizing effect of a coaxial nozzle according to requirements.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:

an intelligent atomizing nozzle based on high-voltage discharge comprises an inner fluid channel, an outer fluid channel, a high-voltage electrode, two low-voltage electrodes and a high-voltage power supply.

The outer fluid channel is coaxially arranged at the outer side of the inner fluid channel and is used for introducing liquid fuel. The upstream head end of the inner fluid channel is a gas oxidant inlet, and the downstream tail end of the inner fluid channel is shorter than the outer fluid channel to form a contraction zone.

The high-voltage electrode and the two low-voltage electrodes are both annular and are both connected with a high-voltage power supply. The high-voltage electrode is arranged in the inner fluid channel close to the tail part, and the outer wall surface of the high-voltage electrode is attached to the inner wall surface of the inner fluid channel.

The two low-voltage electrodes are embedded on the outer wall surface of the inner fluid channel at the upstream end and the downstream end of the high-voltage electrode at equal distance.

The high-voltage electrode is connected with any one of the low-voltage electrodes to form a discharge exciter. The two discharge exciters can form plasma-induced jet flow in two directions.

The outer end face of the low-voltage electrode at the downstream end is flush with the outlet end face of the internal fluid passage.

The upstream head end of the outer fluid channel is connected with a plurality of fuel inlet channels which are uniformly distributed along the radial direction, and the fuel inlet channels are arranged on the upstream side of the low-voltage electrode at the upstream end.

Each fuel inlet channel adopts a direct current or rotational flow arrangement mode.

The annular thickness of the high-voltage electrode is 0.05-1mm, the length of an axial gap between the high-voltage electrode and the low-voltage electrode is 0-1mm, and the axial length of the low-voltage electrode is not less than that of the high-voltage electrode.

The discharge exciter is dielectric barrier discharge, and the type of the high-voltage power supply is high-frequency alternating current or microsecond/nanosecond/picosecond pulse.

The high-voltage electrode and the low-voltage electrode are both made of metal conductive materials, and the intelligent atomizing nozzle is integrally made of insulating materials.

An intelligent spray control system based on high-voltage discharge comprises an intelligent atomizing nozzle, a rocket engine thrust chamber, a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor and a computer.

The intelligent atomizing nozzle is arranged on an injection panel of a rocket engine thrust chamber.

The temperature sensor and the pressure sensor are arranged in a rocket engine thrust chamber and are respectively used for monitoring the post-injection temperature and the post-injection pressure of the atomized propellant injected in the rocket engine thrust chamber.

The temperature sensor, the pressure sensor and the high-voltage power supply are all connected with the computer to form closed-loop control of the spraying effect.

The temperature sensor and pressure sensor integrated device further comprises a concentrator, and the concentrator is used for containing and arranging the transmission lines connected with the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor and the computer.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. the device changes the traditional mechanical atomization control mode, utilizes the characteristic that asymmetric surface dielectric barrier discharge generates tangential induced jet flow, can realize effective regulation and control of the annular seam liquid fuel atomization form and parameters, can realize intelligent control of a spray field through the whole closed-loop control system, has rapid response, wide parameter adjustable range, continuous and long-term operation of electrodes and very low power consumption.

2. The invention adopts non-equilibrium plasma, mainly uses the effects of high temperature of discharge plasma such as evaporation, ignition and combustion, and has indirect effect on atomization. The non-equilibrium plasma generated in the invention has a macroscopic temperature almost equal to normal temperature, which brings convenience for the stable, reliable and long-time operation of the device, and the invention fully exerts the capability of the non-equilibrium plasma to change the fluid medium momentum through reasonable design, which is direct intervention on the atomization process.

3. The invention can realize the adjustment of parameters such as the atomization angle, the diameter of atomized liquid drops and the like in the nozzle atomization field, further improve the mixing and combustion state of fuel and oxidant, and realize reliable ignition, stable combustion and efficient combustion.

Drawings

Fig. 1 shows a schematic overall structure diagram of the intelligent atomizing nozzle based on high-voltage discharge.

Fig. 2 shows a schematic external form of the intelligent atomizing nozzle based on high-voltage discharge.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view and a size example diagram of the intelligent atomizing nozzle based on high-voltage discharge according to the present invention. .

Fig. 4 shows a perspective view of the intelligent atomizing nozzle based on high-voltage discharge according to the present invention.

Fig. 5 shows a top perspective view of fig. 4.

Fig. 6 shows a schematic structural diagram of the intelligent spray control system based on high-voltage discharge.

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the working principle of the high-voltage discharge between the high-voltage electrode and the low-voltage electrode in the present invention.

Fig. 8 shows a cloud plot of plasma-induced jet velocity at high-voltage discharge.

Fig. 9 shows a schematic structure of the high voltage electrode.

Fig. 10 shows a schematic of the structure of the low voltage electrode.

Among them are:

100. an intelligent spray nozzle;

110. a first cylindrical section; 120. a nut section; 130. a threaded segment; 140. a long cylindrical section; 150. an outlet cylindrical section; 160. an inner fluid passage; 170. an outer fluid passage; 171. a fuel inlet passage; 180. a high voltage electrode; 190. a low voltage electrode;

200. a high voltage power supply; 300. a computer; 400. a temperature sensor; 500. a pressure sensor; 600. a rocket engine thrust chamber;

700. a hub; 800. plasma is generated.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific preferred embodiments.