阅读说明：本技术 一种基于海洋温差能的发电制冷联合循环系统 (Power generation and refrigeration combined cycle system based on ocean temperature difference energy ) 是由 卞永宁 杨云杰 潘俊秀 王博 杨童赟 于 2019-11-26 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于冷电联产技术领域,涉及一种基于海洋温差能的发电制冷联合循环系统。本发明以海洋表层温海水作为主要热源,对从混合器出来的低沸点工质加热汽化,汽化后的工质进入膨胀机并推动膨胀机做功,膨胀机为发电机和压缩机提供机械能,从膨胀机排出的乏汽由深层冷海水在冷凝器中将其冷凝为液态并流入分流器,分流器将液态工质分为两路,一路经过工质泵加压后流入混合器,另一路工质经过膨胀阀降压后进入蒸发器吸热,使得冷库获得冷量,从蒸发器中出来的工质进入压缩机中压缩后流入混合器与从工质泵流入的工质混合,从混合器出来的工质进入发生器从而完成一次循环过程。本发明实现对海洋温差能的充分利用,可以同时输出电能和冷量。(The invention belongs to the technical field of cold-electricity cogeneration, and relates to a power generation and refrigeration combined cycle system based on ocean temperature difference energy. The invention uses ocean surface layer temperature sea water as a main heat source to heat and vaporize a low boiling point working medium from a mixer, the vaporized working medium enters an expander and pushes the expander to do work, the expander provides mechanical energy for a generator and a compressor, exhaust steam discharged from the expander is condensed into liquid state in a condenser by deep layer cold sea water and flows into a splitter, the splitter divides the liquid working medium into two paths, one path of working medium is pressurized by a working medium pump and then flows into the mixer, the other path of working medium is depressurized by an expansion valve and then enters an evaporator to absorb heat, so that a refrigeration house obtains cold energy, the working medium from the evaporator enters the compressor to be compressed and then flows into the mixer to be mixed with the working medium flowing in from the working medium pump, and the working medium from the mixer enters a generator to finish a cycle process. The invention realizes the full utilization of ocean temperature difference energy and can simultaneously output electric energy and cold energy.)

1. A power generation and refrigeration combined cycle system based on ocean thermal energy is characterized by comprising a warm sea water pump (1), a generator (2), a cold sea water pump (3), an expander (4), a condenser (5), a generator (6), a compressor (7), an evaporator (8), a place (9) requiring cold energy, an expansion valve (10), an adjustable flow diverter (11), a working medium pump (12) and a mixer (13);

the warm sea water pump (1) is connected with a warm sea water inlet end of the generator (2) through a warm sea water conveying pipeline, a warm sea water outlet end of the generator (2) is connected with a warm sea water drainage pipe, a working medium outlet end of the generator (2) is connected with a working medium inlet end of the expander (4), the expander (4) is connected with the generator (6) and the compressor (7), output power is transmitted to the generator (6) and the compressor (7), the generator (6) and the compressor (7) are driven to operate, the generator (6) is connected with the warm sea water pump (1), the cold sea water pump (3) and the working medium pump (12), and the warm sea water pump (1), the cold sea water pump (3) and the working medium pump (12) are powered; the working medium outlet end of the expansion machine (4) is connected with the working medium inlet end of the condenser (5), the cold seawater pump (3) is connected with the cold seawater inlet end of the condenser (5) through a cold seawater conveying pipeline, the cold seawater outlet end of the condenser (5) is connected with a cold seawater drainage pipe, and the working medium outlet end of the condenser (5) is connected with the working medium inlet end of the adjustable flow diverter (11); two working medium outlet ends of the flow-adjustable flow divider (11) are respectively connected with a working medium inlet end of a working medium pump (12) and a working medium inlet end of an expansion valve (10), a working medium outlet end of the working medium pump (12) is connected with a liquid working medium inlet end of a mixer (13), a working medium outlet end of the expansion valve (10) is connected with a working medium inlet end of an evaporator (8), a cold output end of the evaporator (8) is connected with a place (9) needing cold, and a working medium outlet end of the evaporator (8) is connected with a working medium inlet end of a compressor (7); the working medium outlet end of the compressor (7) is connected with the steam working medium inlet end of the mixer (13), and the working medium outlet end of the mixer (13) is connected with the working medium inlet end of the generator (2).

2. A combined cycle for power generation and refrigeration based on ocean thermal energy according to claim 1 wherein the location (8) requiring refrigeration is a cold store.

3. A combined cycle for power generation and refrigeration based on ocean thermal energy according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the flow divider (10) is capable of adjusting the flow at the two outlet ends by automatic control or artificial means.

4. A power generation and refrigeration combined cycle system based on ocean thermal energy as claimed in claim 1 or 2 wherein the working fluid is ammonia, R123, R134a, R32, R152a or R600a refrigerant.

5. A power generation and refrigeration combined cycle system based on ocean thermal energy as claimed in claim 3 wherein the working fluid is ammonia, R123, R134a, R32, R152a or R600a refrigerant.

6. A combined cycle for power generation and refrigeration based on ocean thermal energy according to claim 1, 2 or 5, characterized in that the compressor (7) is connected with an external power supply device through a mechanical device to obtain additional mechanical energy from the outside.

7. A combined cycle system for power generation and refrigeration based on ocean thermal energy as claimed in claim 3 wherein the compressor (7) and the external power supply are connected by mechanical means to take additional mechanical energy from the outside.

8. A combined cycle for power generation and refrigeration based on ocean thermal energy according to claim 4, characterized in that the compressor (7) and the external power supply equipment are connected by mechanical means to obtain additional mechanical energy from the outside.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of cold-electricity cogeneration, relates to a power generation and refrigeration combined cycle system based on ocean temperature difference energy, and particularly relates to a cycle system for generating power and refrigerating by utilizing the ocean temperature difference energy.

Background

Traditional fossil fuels such as coal, oil and natural gas are used as non-renewable energy sources, and are consumed by people along with continuous exploitation of the fossil fuels, and the problems of global temperature rise, air pollution, environmental change and the like are frequently seen along with continuous consumption of the fossil fuels. The ocean contains abundant renewable energy sources, and has the advantages of no pollution, cyclic utilization and the like. The solar radiation on the earth surface is mostly absorbed by the seawater on the earth surface, so that the surface layer of the seawater stores inexhaustible solar energy, and the ocean temperature difference power generation utilizing the temperature difference between the surface layer warm seawater and the deep layer cold seawater has wide prospect.

The ocean temperature difference energy power generation technology based on the organic Rankine cycle utilizes surface layer temperature sea water as a heat source to heat a low boiling point working medium to vaporize the working medium, the vaporized working medium expands in an expander to do work to convert mechanical energy of the expander into electric energy, and then the working medium is condensed by cold sea water deep in the ocean to complete one cycle. The south China sea area belongs to tropical climate, solar energy resource is sufficient, the temperature of sea surface layer seawater is above 25 ℃ all the year round, and in deep sea below 500 plus 800 meters, the water temperature is about 5 ℃, the temperature difference can reach above 20 ℃, and very rich temperature difference energy resource is stored. Although the ocean temperature difference energy power generation cycle based on the organic Rankine cycle has the advantages of simple equipment, convenience in maintenance and the like, the thermal efficiency is low, so that the technology is not competitive in the market and is difficult to commercialize.

At present, the energy efficiency ratio of refrigeration equipment such as a refrigerator is mostly lower than 4, the high temperature duration in southern areas of China is long, particularly, the dependence degree on an air conditioner in summer is high, and the proportion of the power consumption of the air conditioner in the total power consumption in summer is large every year; the fishery resources in the coastal areas of the south of China are rich, and the seafood which is fished from the sea needs to be put into a refrigeration house for storage in time to prevent the seafood from rotting. Therefore, the establishment of a large-scale cold storage with low operation cost is a development trend of the south China sea fishery storage industry.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides a power generation and refrigeration combined cycle system based on ocean temperature difference energy, which utilizes environment-friendly renewable energy such as ocean temperature difference energy to drive low-boiling-point working media such as R123, R134a or R600a to perform combined cooling and power supply circulation; the circulating system only needs ocean temperature difference energy as driving, and can independently realize operation and work without other energy sources such as solar energy, waste heat and the like.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

a power generation and refrigeration combined cycle system based on ocean temperature difference energy comprises a warm sea water pump 1, a generator 2, a cold sea water pump 3, an expander 4, a condenser 5, a generator 6, a compressor 7, an evaporator 8, a place 9 requiring cold energy, an expansion valve 10, an adjustable flow splitter 11, a working medium pump 12 and a mixer 13.

The warm sea water pump 1 is connected with a warm sea water inlet end of the generator 2 through a warm sea water conveying pipeline, a warm sea water outlet end of the generator 2 is connected with a warm sea water drainage pipe, a working medium outlet end of the generator 2 is connected with a working medium inlet end of the expander 4, the expander 4 is connected with the generator 6 and the compressor 7, output work is transmitted to the generator 6 and the compressor 7, the generator 6 and the compressor 7 are driven to operate, and the generator 6 is connected with the warm sea water pump 1, the cold sea water pump 3 and the working medium pump 12 to supply power to equipment; the working medium outlet end of the expander 4 is connected with the working medium inlet end of the condenser 5, the cold seawater pump 3 is connected with the cold seawater inlet end of the condenser 5 through a cold seawater conveying pipeline, the cold seawater outlet end of the condenser 5 is connected with a cold seawater drainage pipe, and the working medium outlet end of the condenser 5 is connected with the working medium inlet end of the adjustable flow diverter 11; two working medium outlet ends of the flow-adjustable splitter 11 are respectively connected with a working medium inlet end of a working medium pump 12 and a working medium inlet end of an expansion valve 10, the working medium outlet end of the working medium pump 12 is connected with a liquid working medium inlet end of a mixer 13, the working medium outlet end of the expansion valve 10 is connected with a working medium inlet end of an evaporator 8, a cold output end of the evaporator 8 is connected with a place 9 needing cold, and the working medium outlet end of the evaporator 8 is connected with a working medium inlet end of a compressor 7; the working medium outlet end of the compressor 7 is connected with the steam working medium inlet end of the mixer 13, and the working medium outlet end of the mixer 13 is connected with the working medium inlet end of the generator 2.

The place 8 needing the cold energy is a cold storage.

The flow-adjustable flow divider 11 adjusts the flow at the two outlet ends in an automatic control or manual mode.

The working medium is ammonia, R123, R134a, R32, R152a or R600a refrigerant.

The compressor 7 can be connected to an external power supply by mechanical means, and can obtain additional mechanical energy from the outside if necessary.

The working principle is as follows:

the warm sea water pump 1 is connected with a warm sea water pipe to send warm sea water into the generator 2, and the warm sea water transfers heat to the working medium flowing from the mixer 13 in the generator 2; the working medium heated in the generator 2 becomes saturated or supersaturated steam and enters the expansion machine 4 to push the expansion machine 4 to do work, the mechanical energy output by the expansion machine 4 drives the generator 6 and the compressor 7 to operate, wherein part of the electric quantity generated by the generator 6 is used for the operation of the working medium pump 12, the warm sea water pump 2 and the cold sea water pump 3, and the residual electric quantity can be conveyed to a user for use; the working medium outlet end of the expansion machine 4 is connected with the working medium inlet end of the condenser 5, the exhaust steam coming out of the expansion machine 4 enters the condenser 5 to transfer heat to cold seawater and then becomes liquid working medium, the cold seawater pump 3 is connected with the cold seawater inlet end of the condenser 5 through a cold seawater pipe, and the cold seawater is extracted from deep sea by the cold seawater pump 3 and is sent into the condenser 5.

The adjustable flow splitter 11 is connected with the condenser 5, the working medium enters the adjustable flow splitter 11 for splitting after coming out of the condenser 5, the flow of the working medium entering the expansion valve 9 and the working medium pump 12 is controlled through the adjustable flow splitter 11, and the refrigerating capacity of the whole system is further controlled.

The cooling capacity required by the outside is increased, namely the flow of the working medium entering the expansion valve 10 needs to be adjusted to be increased, and when the power output by the expansion machine 4 is not enough for the compressor 7 to be used, the compressor 7 can obtain mechanical energy from the outside through a mechanical device so as to ensure that the system can continue to operate.

Working medium flows into the evaporator 8 after being decompressed and flows out from the expansion valve 10 to absorb heat and generate cold, the working medium flowing out of the evaporator 8 flows into the compressor 7 to be compressed and boosted and then enters the mixer 13, the other part of the working medium flowing out of the adjustable flow splitter 11 is pressurized by the working medium pump 12 and flows into the mixer 13 to be mixed with the working medium flowing in from the compressor 7, and the working medium flowing out of the mixer 13 flows into the generator 2, so that the circulation process is completed.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the ocean temperature difference energy is utilized for the combined cooling and power generation, the utilization rate of the ocean temperature difference energy is improved, and the system is improved

Efficiency;

2. the heat carried in the working medium flowing out of the evaporator is used as part of heat in the power generation cycle instead of discharging the part of heat, namely the working medium flows through the evaporator, so that not only is the cold quantity provided for the refrigeration house, but also the refrigeration house is used as a secondary heat source in the cycle, so that part of heat is provided for the subsequent evaporation of the working medium, and the extraction quantity of warm seawater is reduced;

3. the cycle takes cold seawater as a cold source, and most of common refrigeration cycles directly utilize air at ambient temperature for cooling, so that the energy efficiency ratio of the cycle refrigeration is far higher than that of the common refrigeration cycle;

4. the flow-adjustable flow divider is adopted, so that the refrigerating capacity of the circulating output can be adjusted by adjusting the flow divider;

5. when the flow of the working medium flowing into the expansion valve reaches a certain proportion, the working medium coming out of the mixer is changed into a boiling state with coexisting gas and liquid, and the heat absorption capacity of the working medium in the generator is reduced, so that the volume of the generator can be reduced; when the working medium is heated in the generator, the working medium directly enters a boiling process without undergoing a single-phase convection heat exchange process, and the surface heat transfer coefficient is higher in the process, so that the heat exchange efficiency of the generator is higher;

6. the compressed steam circulation is adopted for refrigeration, and when the required refrigeration capacity is large, mechanical energy can be provided for the compressor through external equipment, so that the regulation range of the refrigeration capacity of the system is expanded;

7. the invention can not only use warm sea water as heat source, but also use other heat sources such as solar energy, waste heat and the like.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a power generation and refrigeration combined cycle system based on ocean thermal energy according to the present invention.

In the figure: 1 temperature sea water pump, 2 generator, 3 cold sea water pump, 4 expander, 5 condenser, 6 generator, 7 compressor, 8 evaporator, 9 place needing cold quantity, 10 expansion valve, 11 adjustable flow diverter, 12 working medium pump, 13 mixer.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and detailed description.

As shown in fig. 1, a power generation and refrigeration combined cycle system based on ocean thermal energy comprises: the system comprises a warm sea water pump 1, a generator 2, a cold sea water pump 3, an expander 4, a condenser 5, a generator 6, a compressor 7, an evaporator 8, a place 9 requiring cold quantity, an expansion valve 10, an adjustable flow splitter 11, a working medium pump 12 and a mixer 13.

The warm sea water pump 1 extracts warm sea water from the surface layer of the ocean to be used as a heat source of the power generation and refrigeration combined cycle based on the ocean temperature difference energy, the generator 2 is used as a heat exchanger, so that the heat of the warm sea water can be efficiently transferred to the working medium flowing through the generator 2, the working medium is completely vaporized, and the warm sea water after releasing the heat is discharged from the generator 2; the gas working medium from the generator 2 enters an expander 4 to push the expander 4 to do work, and the expander 4 drives a generator 6 and a compressor 7 to operate; in the electric quantity generated by the generator 6, except for being used by the warm seawater pump 1, the cold seawater pump 3 and the working medium pump 12, the rest electric quantity can be output to a user; the cold seawater pump 3 takes cold seawater extracted from the deep ocean as a cold source of the power generation and refrigeration combined cycle based on the ocean temperature difference energy of the invention to be transmitted to the condenser 5, so that the working medium flowing through the condenser 5 releases heat to the cold seawater and is completely liquefied, and the cold seawater flows out after absorbing the heat from the condenser 5; the liquid working medium from the condenser 5 flows into the adjustable flow splitter 11, and the adjustable flow splitter 11 is adjusted by an automatic control system or a manual control mode, so that the flow of the working medium which enters the expansion valve 10 and the working medium pump 12 after coming out of the adjustable flow splitter 11 is adjusted; the temperature of the working medium entering the expansion valve 10 is reduced due to the pressure reduction, and the low-temperature and low-pressure working medium coming out of the expansion valve 10 enters the evaporator 8 to absorb heat, so that a place 9 needing cold can keep a low-temperature environment; the working medium absorbing heat from the evaporator 8 flows into the compressor 7 to be compressed and boosted and then enters the mixer 13; the cooling capacity required by the outside is increased, namely the flow of the working medium entering the expansion valve 10 needs to be adjusted to be increased, and when the power output by the expansion machine 4 is not enough for the compressor 7 to be used, the compressor 7 can obtain mechanical energy from the outside through a mechanical device so as to ensure that the system can continue to operate; working medium from the other working medium outlet end of the flow-adjustable splitter 11 enters a working medium pump 12 to be pressurized, the pressurized liquid working medium enters a mixer 13 to be mixed with the vapor working medium flowing from the compressor 7, and the working medium flowing from the mixer 13 flows into the generator 2, so that the circulation process is completed.