阅读说明：本技术 一种***物中汽油、柴油、煤油以及高锰酸钾快速检测方法 (Method for rapidly detecting gasoline, diesel oil, kerosene and potassium permanganate in explosive ) 是由 祖佰祎 窦新存 于 2019-11-13 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种爆炸物中汽油、柴油、煤油以及高锰酸钾快速检测方法,该检测方法基于化学比色法,使用有机芳香胺、浓酸与二甲基亚砜、醇、水的混合溶液,及碘化钾、氯化汞的强碱溶液为两种检测试剂,待测物与特定的检测试剂接触后发生颜色变化,根据变化后的颜色确定汽油、柴油、煤油以及高锰酸钾的存在。本发明所述的方法可用于现场搜爆及爆炸案中对爆炸物原料、爆炸物及爆炸残留物中汽油、柴油、煤油以及高锰酸钾的快速定性,具有操作简单迅速,特异性强,反应灵敏,使用方便,成本低的特点,可为公安系统刑侦部门爆炸案的侦破、线索分析提供有效技术手段。(The invention provides a method for rapidly detecting gasoline, diesel oil, kerosene and potassium permanganate in explosives, which is based on a chemical colorimetric method, uses a mixed solution of organic aromatic amine, concentrated acid, dimethyl sulfoxide, alcohol and water and a strong alkali solution of potassium iodide and mercury chloride as two detection reagents, and ensures that the object to be detected is in color change after contacting with a specific detection reagent and the existence of the gasoline, the diesel oil, the kerosene and the potassium permanganate is determined according to the changed color. The method can be used for rapidly determining the gasoline, diesel oil, kerosene and potassium permanganate in explosive raw materials, explosives and explosive residues in field explosion searching and explosion cases, has the characteristics of simple and rapid operation, strong specificity, sensitive reaction, convenient use and low cost, and can provide an effective technical means for detecting and analyzing clues of explosion cases in public security system criminal detection departments.)

1. A method for rapidly detecting gasoline, diesel oil, kerosene and potassium permanganate in explosives is characterized in that a kit related in the detection method is configured into a first reagent bottle (1), a second reagent bottle (2), a first color developing bottle (3), a second color developing bottle (4), filter paper (5) and a medicine spoon (6), and the specific operation is carried out according to the following steps:

preparing a detection reagent:

a. dissolving 0.01-5% by mass of organic aromatic amine (benzidine or diphenylamine) in a mixed solution of dimethyl sulfoxide and alcohol, or a mixed solution of dimethyl sulfoxide, alcohol and water, or a mixed solution of dimethyl sulfoxide and water, adding 50-75% by mass of concentrated sulfuric acid, stirring until the concentrated sulfuric acid is completely dissolved to obtain a detection reagent, and packaging the detection reagent in a first reagent bottle (1) in a kit, wherein the volume ratio of the mixed solution of dimethyl sulfoxide and alcohol is 1:1, the volume ratio of the mixed solution of dimethyl sulfoxide, alcohol and water is 1:2:5 or 1:1:1, and the volume ratio of the mixed solution of dimethyl sulfoxide and water is 1: 5;

b. respectively adding 1-8% by mass of potassium iodide and 0.5-2.5% by mass of mercuric chloride into water, adding 10-20% by mass of strong base such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide or tetrapropylammonium hydroxide, stirring until the strong base is completely dissolved to obtain a detection reagent, and packaging the detection reagent in a second reagent bottle (2) in the kit;

the detection method comprises the following steps:

c. opening the kit, taking out a first reagent bottle (1) filled with the detection reagent in the step a and a second reagent bottle (2) filled with the detection reagent in the step b, respectively dropping the reagents in the first reagent bottle (1) and the second reagent bottle (2) into a first color developing bottle (3) and a second color developing bottle (4) serving as a comparison bottle, taking the liquid to be detected, adding the liquid to be detected into the first color developing bottle (3), shaking uniformly, observing the color change of the solution in the first color developing bottle (3), comparing the color change with the color in the second color developing bottle (4), and judging that the liquid to be detected is gasoline if the color change is brown-green; if the color of the liquid to be detected changes to orange yellow, judging that the liquid to be detected is diesel oil; if the color of the liquid to be detected is bright yellow, judging that the liquid to be detected is kerosene;

or opening the kit, taking out the second reagent bottle (2), the filter paper (5) and the medicine spoon (6) filled with the detection reagent in the step b, placing the micro particles to be detected on the filter paper (5) by using the medicine spoon (6), dripping the reagent in the second reagent bottle (2) on the object to be detected, observing the color change, and judging that the object to be detected is the potassium permanganate if the color is changed into green firstly and then changed into brick red.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of explosive detection and analysis, and particularly relates to a method for quickly detecting gasoline, diesel oil, kerosene and potassium permanganate in an explosive.

Background

The non-standard explosive consists of a combustion agent and an oxidant. The combustion agent comprises gasoline, diesel oil, kerosene and the like, and the oxidant comprises potassium permanganate and the like.

Gasoline, diesel oil, kerosene and the like belong to petroleum products and are fuels of internal combustion engines or kerosene burners. The non-standard explosive ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive is prepared by mixing ammonium nitrate and gasoline. At present, the identification of gasoline, diesel oil and kerosene is usually carried out by methods such as gas/liquid chromatography, mass spectrometry and the like or density identification, and potassium permanganate can obtain an identification result by element analysis. The methods are all realized by special instruments and equipment, and have poor portability in specific occasions (such as explosion case sites). In the portable explosive detection equipment sold in the current market, detection objects are standard explosives such as TNT (trinitrotoluene) and RDX (trimethylenetrinitramine) generally, and the portable explosive detection equipment has no obvious effect on gasoline, diesel oil, kerosene, potassium permanganate and the like in non-standard explosives. Therefore, a set of method for efficiently, quickly and accurately identifying the non-standard explosives is established, and the method has huge social requirements and scientific significance.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a method for rapidly detecting gasoline, diesel oil, kerosene and potassium permanganate in explosives, which is based on a chemical colorimetric method, uses a mixed solution of organic aromatic amine, concentrated acid, dimethyl sulfoxide, alcohol and water and a strong alkali solution of potassium iodide and mercury chloride as two detection reagents, and ensures that the object to be detected is in color change after contacting with a specific detection reagent and the existence of the gasoline, the diesel oil, the kerosene and the potassium permanganate is determined according to the changed color. The method can be used for rapidly determining the gasoline, diesel oil, kerosene and potassium permanganate in explosive raw materials, explosives and explosive residues in field explosion searching and explosion cases, has the characteristics of simple and rapid operation, strong specificity, sensitive reaction, convenient use and low cost, and can provide an effective technical means for detecting and analyzing clues of explosion cases in public security system criminal detection departments.

The invention relates to a method for rapidly detecting gasoline, diesel oil, kerosene and potassium permanganate in explosives, which is characterized in that a kit related in the detection method is configured into a first reagent bottle (1), a second reagent bottle (2), a first color developing bottle (3), a second color developing bottle (4), filter paper (5) and a medicine spoon (6), and the specific operation is carried out according to the following steps:

preparing a detection reagent:

a. dissolving 0.01-5% by mass of organic aromatic amine (benzidine or diphenylamine) in a mixed solution of dimethyl sulfoxide and alcohol, or a mixed solution of dimethyl sulfoxide, alcohol and water, or a mixed solution of dimethyl sulfoxide and water, adding 50-75% by mass of concentrated sulfuric acid, stirring until the concentrated sulfuric acid is completely dissolved to obtain a detection reagent, and packaging the detection reagent in a first reagent bottle (1) in a kit, wherein the volume ratio of the mixed solution of dimethyl sulfoxide and alcohol is 1:1, the volume ratio of the mixed solution of dimethyl sulfoxide, alcohol and water is 1:2:5 or 1:1:1, and the volume ratio of the mixed solution of dimethyl sulfoxide and water is 1: 5;

b. respectively adding 1-8% by mass of potassium iodide and 0.5-2.5% by mass of mercuric chloride into water, adding 10-20% by mass of strong base such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide or tetrapropylammonium hydroxide, stirring until the strong base is completely dissolved to obtain a detection reagent, and packaging the detection reagent in a second reagent bottle (2) in the kit;

the detection method comprises the following steps:

c. opening the kit, taking out a first reagent bottle (1) filled with the detection reagent in the step a and a second reagent bottle (2) filled with the detection reagent in the step b, respectively dropping the reagents in the first reagent bottle (1) and the second reagent bottle (2) into a first color developing bottle (3) and a second color developing bottle (4) serving as a comparison bottle, taking the liquid to be detected, adding the liquid to be detected into the first color developing bottle (3), shaking uniformly, observing the color change of the solution in the first color developing bottle (3), comparing the color change with the color in the second color developing bottle (4), and judging that the liquid to be detected is gasoline if the color change is brown-green; if the color of the liquid to be detected changes to orange yellow, judging that the liquid to be detected is diesel oil; if the color of the liquid to be detected is bright yellow, judging that the liquid to be detected is kerosene;

or opening the kit, taking out the second reagent bottle (2), the filter paper (5) and the medicine spoon (6) filled with the detection reagent in the step b, placing the micro particles to be detected on the filter paper (5) by using the medicine spoon (6), dripping the reagent in the second reagent bottle (2) on the object to be detected, observing the color change, and judging that the object to be detected is the potassium permanganate if the color is changed into green firstly and then changed into brick red.

Compared with the prior art, the method for rapidly detecting gasoline, diesel oil, kerosene and potassium permanganate in explosives has the following advantages:

(1) the invention can rapidly detect gasoline, diesel oil, kerosene and potassium permanganate in explosives.

(2) The invention has short detection time and accurate and visual result through colorimetric analysis.

(3) The kit has the advantages of high detection accuracy, good specificity, simple structure, convenience in use, low cost, easiness in carrying and capability of being operated by non-professional personnel.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a kit according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a diagram of gasoline, diesel oil and kerosene which are reacted with reagents added in a first reagent bottle 1 and a second reagent bottle 2 in sequence;

fig. 3 is a graph showing the color change of the potassium permanganate of the present invention after reacting with the reagent in the second reagent bottle 2.

Detailed Description

The following is further explained in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.