阅读说明：本技术 一种多梯度隔水管充气-注空心球钻井方法及装置 (Multi-gradient marine riser gas-filling-hollow ball-injecting well drilling method and device ) 是由 敬俊 祝效华 汤历平 王成涛 于 2019-10-12 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种多梯度隔水管充气-注空心球钻井方法及装置,主要由水龙头、泥浆泵,钻井平台,注空心球管道,注气管道,空心球集中装置,海水排除管道,附属注入管道,井内喷嘴,套管,钻头,防喷器,隔水管和钻柱组成；通过设置在隔水管和井筒内的多个不同位置的气体-空心球注入孔,实现多点注入,使得气体或空心球与钻井液混合更加均匀,保证钻井施工安全进行降低事故发生概率。(The invention discloses a multi-gradient riser gas-filling-hollow ball-filling drilling method and a multi-gradient riser gas-filling-hollow ball-filling drilling device, which mainly comprise a water tap, a slurry pump, a drilling platform, a hollow ball-filling pipeline, a gas-filling pipeline, a hollow ball concentrator, a seawater discharge pipeline, an auxiliary injection pipeline, an in-well nozzle, a casing pipe, a drill bit, a blowout preventer, a riser and a drill column; the gas-hollow ball injection holes arranged at different positions in the marine riser and the shaft realize multi-point injection, so that the gas or hollow ball and the drilling fluid are mixed more uniformly, and the accident probability is reduced by ensuring the safety of drilling construction.)

1. A multi-gradient riser gas-filling-hollow ball-filling well drilling method and a device mainly comprise a water tap (1), a slurry pump (2), a well drilling platform (3), a hollow ball filling pipeline (4), a gas filling pipeline (5), a hollow ball centralizing device (6), a seawater discharging pipeline (7), an auxiliary filling pipeline (8), an in-well nozzle (9), a casing (10), a drill bit (11), a blowout preventer (12), a riser (13) and a drill string (14); the device is characterized in that the hollow spheres and gas are respectively conveyed to a hollow sphere concentration device (6) positioned on a seabed mud line through a hollow sphere injection pipeline (4) and a gas injection pipeline (5), when the hollow spheres reach the hollow sphere concentration device (6), the hollow spheres are separated from hollow sphere conveying liquid (the hollow sphere conveying liquid is mostly seawater), and the hollow spheres are injected into the annulus of a riser (13) through high-pressure gas; an auxiliary injection pipeline (8) is arranged in the well, gas and hollow spheres can reach the well through the auxiliary injection pipeline (8), an in-well nozzle (9) is arranged in a certain distance, and the gas injection amount of different well depths can be changed by adjusting the in-well nozzle (9), so that the drilling fluid density of different well depths can be adjusted and controlled to meet the drilling requirement; the hollow spheres and the gas injected into the annular space finally return to the drilling platform under the action of the drilling fluid, and then are separated from the drilling fluid and recycled.

Technical Field

The invention relates to an oil drilling device, in particular to a multi-gradient marine riser gas-filled-injected hollow sphere drilling method and device, and belongs to the technical field of mechanical engineering or oil-gas engineering.

Background

The ocean covers the area of the earth 3/4, and contains extremely abundant oil and gas resources. Gulf of mexico, north sea, north africa, brazil and south china sea areas are all important arenas for the development of marine oil resources. With the progress of scientific technology and the continuous improvement of the cognitive level of human beings on marine oil resources, the offshore oil exploration and development have been developed from conventional water depth (less than 500m) to deep water (500 m-1500 m) and ultra-deep water (more than 1500m), and the development of deep water oil and gas fields is becoming a main growth point of the world oil industry and a hotspot of world technological innovation. The main problem of deep sea drilling at present is that it is difficult to control the bottom hole drilling pressure between the pore pressure and the fracture pressure of rock stratum, and according to the situation, in the last 90 th century, many foreign oil companies developed and used dual-gradient drilling technology to solve the world problem.

The methods for realizing dual-gradient drilling in the industry at present mainly include drilling without a marine riser, lifting drilling fluid by a subsea pump and dual-density drilling. The sea-bottom pump type and the driving power used in the method for lifting the drilling fluid by the sea-bottom pump can be divided into three types, namely a sea-water driving diaphragm pump, an electric driving centrifugal pump and an electric submersible pump. The dual density drilling is divided into the following according to the injected fluid: and 3 methods of injecting hollow spheres, injecting gas and injecting low-density fluid. The riser may or may not be used in drilling with the subsea pump lift drilling fluid. The dual density drilling method requires a riser and a subsea pump, thereby greatly reducing the number of subsea devices. Further, the above methods may be used in combination, as required.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a method and a device for realizing double-gradient drilling for deep-sea oil drilling in China, which are used for solving the problem of narrow safety density window of deep-sea drilling.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

a multi-gradient riser gas-filling-hollow ball-filling well drilling method and a device thereof mainly comprise a water tap, a slurry pump, a well drilling platform, a hollow ball filling pipeline, a gas filling pipeline, a hollow ball concentrator, a seawater discharging pipeline, an auxiliary filling pipeline, an in-well nozzle, a sleeve, a drill bit, a blowout preventer, a riser and a drill column; the device is characterized in that the hollow ball and gas are respectively conveyed to a hollow ball centralizing device positioned on a seabed mud line through a hollow ball injection pipeline and a gas injection pipeline, and when the hollow ball reaches the hollow ball centralizing device, the hollow ball is separated from hollow ball conveying liquid (the hollow ball conveying liquid is mostly seawater), and the hollow ball and the gas are injected into the annulus of a riser through high-pressure gas; an auxiliary injection pipeline is arranged in the well, gas and hollow spheres can reach the well through the auxiliary injection pipeline, an in-well nozzle is arranged in a certain distance, and the gas injection amount of different well depths can be changed by adjusting the in-well nozzle, so that the density of drilling fluid of different well depths can be regulated and controlled to meet the drilling requirement; the hollow spheres and the gas injected into the annular space finally return to the drilling platform under the action of the drilling fluid, and then are separated from the drilling fluid and recycled.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: (1) through arranging the gas injection-hollow ball holes at a plurality of point positions, the gas or hollow ball and the drilling fluid are uniformly mixed, and the probability of drilling accidents is reduced; (2) two low-density media of a hollow ball and gas can be injected to adjust the density of the drilling fluid, and the pressure regulation and control are more accurate under the action of a plurality of injection points.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-gradient marine riser gas-filled-hollow ball drilling method and device.

In the figure: 1. the water-saving drilling rig comprises a water faucet, 2 a slurry pump, 3 a drilling platform, 4 a hollow ball injection pipeline, 5 a gas injection pipeline, 6 a hollow ball centralizing device, 7 a seawater removal pipeline, 8 an auxiliary injection pipeline, 9 an in-well nozzle, 10 a casing, 11 a drill bit, 12 a blowout preventer, 13 a water-resisting pipe and 14 a drill string.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1, a multi-gradient riser gas-filling-hollow ball drilling method and device mainly comprise a water tap 1, a mud pump 2, a drilling platform 3, a hollow ball filling pipeline 4, a gas filling pipeline 5, a hollow ball centralizing device 6, a seawater discharging pipeline 7, an auxiliary filling pipeline 8, a well nozzle 9, a casing 10, a drill bit 11, a blowout preventer 12, a riser 13 and a drill string 14; the method is characterized in that the hollow spheres and gas are respectively conveyed to a hollow sphere concentration device 6 positioned on a seabed mud line through a hollow sphere injection pipeline 4 and a gas injection pipeline 5, when the hollow spheres reach the hollow sphere concentration device 6, the hollow spheres are separated from hollow sphere conveying liquid (the hollow sphere conveying liquid is mostly seawater), and the hollow spheres are injected into the annular space of a marine riser 13 through high-pressure gas; an auxiliary injection pipeline 8 is arranged in the well, gas and hollow spheres can reach the well through the auxiliary injection pipeline 8, an in-well nozzle 9 is arranged in a certain distance, and the gas injection amount of different well depths can be changed by adjusting the in-well nozzle 9, so that the drilling fluid density of different well depths can be regulated and controlled to meet the drilling requirement; the hollow spheres and the gas injected into the annular space finally return to the drilling platform under the action of the drilling fluid, and then are separated from the drilling fluid and recycled.

The above-described embodiments are intended to be illustrative of the present patent and not to limit the scope of the patent, and any equivalent changes and modifications that may be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and principles of the patent are intended to be covered by the present patent system.