阅读说明：本技术 一种基于光纤传感的清管器卡堵定位装置和方法 (Pipe cleaner blocking positioning device and method based on optical fiber sensing ) 是由 张金权 任海波 张树峰 刘正雄 丰秦 李媛 张涛 刘书记 廖青云 于 2019-10-12 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种基于光纤传感的清管器卡堵定位装置,包括光学模块、光电转换器、高速采集卡、计算机、振动光缆,本发明还公开了一种基于光纤传感的清管器卡堵定位的方法,包括如下步骤：通过信号回放,对计算机记录的清管器卡堵位置进行复核；人工敲击定位清管器卡堵位置。本发明实现了清管器位置的实施检测和跟踪,并能存储清管器振动信号,实现清管器轨迹的回放和卡堵位置确定。通过特定的信号处理算法,实现了管道清管器的实时跟踪和显示,无需现场人工跟踪。通过信号回放,可检测清管器卡堵的光缆长度,现场人工敲击地面产生振动,可快速检测卡堵的地理位置。(The invention discloses a pipe cleaner blocking and positioning device based on optical fiber sensing, which comprises an optical module, a photoelectric converter, a high-speed acquisition card, a computer and a vibration optical cable, and also discloses a pipe cleaner blocking and positioning method based on optical fiber sensing, which comprises the following steps: rechecking the blocking position of the pipe cleaner recorded by the computer through signal playback; manually knocking and positioning the blocking position of the pipe cleaner. The invention realizes the implementation detection and tracking of the position of the pipe cleaner, can store the vibration signal of the pipe cleaner, and realizes the playback of the track of the pipe cleaner and the determination of the blocking position. The real-time tracking and display of the pipeline cleaner are realized through a specific signal processing algorithm, and the on-site manual tracking is not needed. Through signal playback, the blocked optical cable length of detectable dredging pipe ware card, the scene is strikeed the ground and is produced the vibration by the manual work, can detect the geographical position of blocking fast.)

1. A blocking and positioning device of a pipe cleaner based on optical fiber sensing is characterized by comprising an optical module (1), a photoelectric converter (2), a high-speed acquisition card (3), a computer (4) and a vibration optical cable (5);

an optical module port A (11) of the optical module (1) outputs laser pulses and is connected with a vibration optical cable (5), an optical module port B (12) of the optical module (1) outputs laser signals which are returned by an optical cable laid in the same ditch and carry vibration signals, the optical module port B (12) is connected with an input port (21) of the photoelectric converter (2), an optical module port C (13) of the optical module (1) is connected with a high-speed acquisition card synchronous port C (33) of the high-speed acquisition card (3), and an optical module port D (14) of the optical module (1) is connected with a computer port C (43);

the photoelectric converter (2) receives a laser signal from the optical module (1) through a photoelectric converter port A (21) and converts the laser signal into an electric signal, and the photoelectric converter (2) is output to a high-speed acquisition card synchronization port A (31) of the high-speed acquisition card (3) through a photoelectric converter port C (23);

the high-speed acquisition card (3) receives a synchronous signal of the optical module (1) through a high-speed acquisition card synchronous port C (33), the high-speed acquisition card (3) receives an electric signal output by the photoelectric converter (2) through a high-speed acquisition card synchronous port A (31) and converts the electric signal into a digital signal, and the high-speed acquisition card (3) outputs the digital signal to the computer (4) through a high-speed acquisition card synchronous port B (32);

the computer (4) receives the digital voltage signal output by the high-speed acquisition card (3) through a computer port A (41), and the digital voltage signal is analyzed and processed through the signal; the computer (4) controls the high-speed acquisition card (3) through a computer port A (41); the computer (4) is connected with a photoelectric converter port B (22) of the photoelectric converter (2) through a computer port B (42) to control the gain of the photoelectric converter (2), and the computer (4) is connected with an optical module port D (14) through a computer port C (43) to control laser power, laser pulse width and laser pulse frequency;

the vibration optical cable (5) and the pipeline are buried in the same ditch.

2. The optical fiber sensing-based pig jam locating device according to claim 1, characterized in that the optical module (1) is internally provided with a pulse signal source (101), a narrow linewidth laser source (102), a laser pulse modulator (103), a laser pulse amplifier (104), a fiber circulator (105), a raman amplifier (106), a wavelength division multiplexer (107), and an MCU controller (108), wherein:

the pulse signal source (101) outputs a voltage pulse signal with a specified frequency to the laser pulse modulator (103), and synchronously outputs a synchronous signal through an optical module port D (14);

the laser pulse modulator (103) receives the voltage pulse signal and modulates continuous laser emitted by the narrow-linewidth laser source (102) into pulse laser;

the laser pulse amplifier (104) amplifies the pulse laser power, outputs the pulse laser power to an optical module port A (11) of the optical fiber circulator (105), and outputs the pulse laser power through an optical module port B (12);

the wavelength division multiplexer (107) combines the laser output by the Raman amplifier (106) and the pulse laser output by the optical fiber circulator (105) and outputs the combined beam through an optical module port A (11);

the MCU controller (108) receives an external computer control signal through an optical module port D (14), analyzes through a control protocol, and respectively controls the output power of the narrow-linewidth laser source (102), the frequency and the pulse width of the pulse signal source (101), the gain of the laser pulse amplifier (104) and the output power of the Raman amplifier (106).

3. The optical fiber sensing-based pig jam locating device according to claim 1, characterized in that the optical detector adopted by the photoelectric converter (2) is a photodiode or an avalanche photodiode.

4. The optical fiber sensing-based pipe pig blockage positioning device according to claim 1, wherein the high-speed acquisition card (3) has an external signal triggering acquisition function by outputting a synchronous signal from a pulse signal source in an optical module.

5. The optical fiber sensing-based pipe pig blockage positioning device according to claim 2, wherein the computer (4) receives the digital signals collected by the high-speed collection card (3) through a computer port A (41), obtains a pipe pig vibration signal through signal demodulation and noise reduction, and detects and positions the vibration waveform through the vibration waveform.

6. A method for pig jam locating based on optical fiber sensing according to any of claims 1-5, characterized by the following steps:

s1: rechecking the blocking position of the pipe cleaner recorded by the computer through signal playback;

s2: manually knocking and positioning the blocking position of the pipe cleaner.

7. The method for pig jam positioning based on optical fiber sensing as claimed in claim 6, characterized by the following steps of S1:

s101: reading the stored two-dimensional signals from the computer (4), detecting the signal intensity of each column of signals at different moments in a sliding window mode, and recording the signal moment exceeding a set threshold value and a signal column number as data samples;

s102: performing characteristic analysis on the signal recorded with the sample data, and removing the data sample which does not accord with the vibration characteristic of the pipe cleaner;

s103: performing curve fitting on the recorded data sample, overlapping the fitted curve with the signal intensity data, and replaying the position of the pipe cleaner on the screen;

s104: and (3) quickly playing back the signal to the position near the blocking position recorded by the computer (4), and observing the position when the pig vibration signal disappears or the position of the pig vibration signal does not change any more, namely the blocking position of the pig reaches the length L1 of the optical cable of the device.

8. The method for pig jam positioning based on optical fiber sensing as claimed in claim 6, characterized by the following steps of S2:

s201: manually knocking the ground along the pipeline to generate a vibration signal, and detecting a manual knocking position L2 by a computer (4);

s202: if L2 is smaller than L1, the knocking position is before the blocking position of the pipe cleaner, the pipe cleaner moves a certain distance to the far end along the pipeline, and the ground is knocked again;

s203: if L2 is larger than L1, the knocking position is behind the blocking position of the pipe cleaner, the pipe cleaner moves a certain distance to the near end along the pipeline, and the ground is knocked again;

s204: until the manual tapping position L2 is equal to the pig blocking position L1, the tapping position L2 is the pig blocking position.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas pipeline cleaning equipment, in particular to a pipe cleaner blocking and positioning device and method based on optical fiber sensing.

Background

The petroleum and the natural gas are used as important energy materials and are closely related to the development of various industries, and the pipeline is used as a main mode for conveying the petroleum and the natural gas and has the advantages of safety, economy and convenience compared with other transportation modes. However, the pipe cleaning operation is an essential work in the process of production and operation of the pipeline, and the pipe cleaning function mainly comprises improving the production efficiency, reducing the maintenance cost and prolonging the service life of the pipeline. However, the pipe cleaning operation has a great risk, and once the pipe cleaner is blocked and cannot be positioned in time, the normal transportation of oil gas can be affected, and even the safety of the pipeline can be damaged. Therefore, the tracking and positioning of the pig during the cleaning operation is an important matter.

The following methods are mainly used for tracking and positioning a pipeline cleaner: radioisotope method, mechanical needle collision method, acoustic method, electromagnetic pulse method, distributed optical fiber vibration sensing method, etc., but each method has certain limitations.

The disadvantages of the radioisotope method are mainly: the radioactive source is expensive to install and disassemble, has great harm to human body and environment, and is basically not used at present.

The defects of the mechanical needle punching method are mainly as follows: the method is only capable of detecting the passing indication of the pipe cleaner and cannot track and position in real time.

The disadvantages of the acoustic method are mainly: through the noise that produces of the interior dredging pipe ware of detection pipeline, come to fix a position and trail the dredging pipe ware, dredging pipe ware operation noise propagation distance is shorter, and the monitoring distance is limited, and positioning accuracy is poor, and receives external disturbance to influence great.

The electromagnetic pulse method needs to manually place a signal receiver along the pipeline, detect whether a pipe cleaner passes through or not, cannot track and position the position of the pipe cleaner in real time, and needs to manually carry an electromagnetic receiver to find the pipe cleaning position along the pipeline after blockage. A large amount of personnel is required to be arranged along the pipeline, the cost of manpower and material resources is high, continuous real-time tracking cannot be realized, and the accurate blocking position cannot be determined in time after blocking.

Based on above-mentioned defect, utility model CN201420525513 discloses a location system is trailed to dredging pipe ware, include: the detection device is used for generating pulse light signals and transmitting the pulse light signals to optical fibers in the optical cable laid in the same channel of the pipeline; after the pulse optical signals are transmitted to the optical fibers, detecting and obtaining Rayleigh scattering signals of the optical cables laid in the same ditch of the pipeline; and the data processing device is connected with the detection device and used for receiving the Rayleigh scattering signal sent by the detection device and determining the position of the pig based on the Rayleigh scattering signal.

The system introduces a pipe cleaner tracking and positioning principle and a system structure based on distributed optical fiber vibration sensing, but a detection device and a data processing device do not have the dynamic regulation functions of laser pulse, emission power and photoelectric conversion gain, and cannot meet the application of optical cables with long distance and different loss levels; dynamic tracking, signal storage and signal playback of the pipe pig are not realized, and detection of the pipe pig blocking and timing position is not realized.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a device and a method for positioning blocking of a pipe cleaner based on optical fiber sensing, which realize the implementation detection and tracking of the position of the pipe cleaner, can store a vibration signal of the pipe cleaner, and realize the playback of a track of the pipe cleaner and the determination of the blocking position. The real-time tracking and display of the pipeline cleaner are realized through a specific signal processing algorithm, and the on-site manual tracking is not needed. Through signal playback, the blocked optical cable length of detectable dredging pipe ware card, the scene is strikeed the ground and is produced the vibration by the manual work, can detect the geographical position of blocking fast to solve the problem that proposes among the above-mentioned background art.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

a blocking and positioning device of a pipe cleaner based on optical fiber sensing comprises an optical module, a photoelectric converter, a high-speed acquisition card, a computer and a vibration optical cable;

an optical module port A of the optical module outputs laser pulses and is connected with a vibration optical cable, an optical module port B of the optical module outputs laser signals carrying vibration signals returned by an optical cable laid in the same channel, the optical module port B is connected with an input port of a photoelectric converter, an optical module port C of the optical module is connected with a high-speed acquisition card synchronous port C of a high-speed acquisition card, and an optical module port D of the optical module is connected with a computer port C;

the photoelectric converter receives a laser signal from the optical module through a photoelectric converter port A and converts the laser signal into an electric signal, and the photoelectric converter is input to a high-speed acquisition card synchronization port A of the high-speed acquisition card through a photoelectric converter port C;

the high-speed acquisition card receives the synchronous signal of the optical module through a high-speed acquisition card synchronous port C, receives the electric signal output by the photoelectric converter through a high-speed acquisition card synchronous port A and converts the electric signal into a digital signal, and the high-speed acquisition card outputs the digital signal to a computer through a high-speed acquisition card synchronous port B;

the computer receives the digital voltage signal output by the high-speed acquisition card through a computer port A and analyzes and processes the signal; the computer controls the high-speed acquisition card through a computer port A; the computer is connected with a photoelectric converter port B of the photoelectric converter through a computer port B to control the gain of the photoelectric converter, and is connected with an optical module port D through a computer port C to control the laser power, the laser pulse width and the laser pulse frequency;

the vibration optical cable and the pipeline are buried in the same channel.

Further, the optical module is internally provided with a pulse signal source, a narrow linewidth laser source, a laser pulse modulator, a laser pulse amplifier, an optical fiber circulator, a raman amplifier, a wavelength division multiplexer and an MCU controller, wherein:

the pulse signal source outputs a voltage pulse signal with specified frequency to the laser pulse modulator, and synchronously outputs a synchronous signal through an optical module port D;

the laser pulse modulator receives the voltage pulse signal and modulates continuous laser emitted by the narrow-linewidth laser source into pulse laser;

the laser pulse amplifier amplifies the pulse laser power, outputs the pulse laser power to an optical module port A of the optical fiber circulator and outputs the pulse laser power through an optical module port B;

the wavelength division multiplexer combines the laser output by the Raman amplifier and the pulse laser output by the optical fiber circulator and outputs the combined laser through an optical module port A;

the MCU controller receives an external computer control signal through an optical module port D, and respectively controls the output power of the narrow-linewidth laser source, the frequency and the pulse width of the pulse signal source, the gain of the laser pulse amplifier and the output power of the Raman amplifier through control protocol analysis.

Further, the photodetector employed by the photoelectric converter is a photodiode or an avalanche photodiode.

Furthermore, the high-speed acquisition card has an external signal triggering and acquisition function by outputting a synchronous signal through a pulse signal source in the optical module.

Furthermore, the computer receives the digital signals acquired by the high-speed acquisition card through a computer port A, acquires a pipe cleaner vibration signal through signal demodulation and noise reduction, and detects and positions the vibration waveform.

According to another aspect of the invention, a method for pig jam location based on optical fiber sensing is provided, which comprises the following steps:

s1: rechecking the blocking position of the pipe cleaner recorded by the computer through signal playback;

s2: manually knocking and positioning the blocking position of the pipe cleaner.

Further, the specific steps of S1 are as follows:

s101: reading the stored two-dimensional signals from a computer, detecting the signal intensity of each column of signals at different moments in a sliding window mode, and recording the signal moment exceeding a set threshold value and a signal column number as data samples;

s102: performing characteristic analysis on the signal recorded with the sample data, and removing the data sample which does not accord with the vibration characteristic of the pipe cleaner;

s103: performing curve fitting on the recorded data sample, overlapping the fitted curve with the signal intensity data, and replaying the position of the pipe cleaner on the screen;

s104: quickly playing back the signal to the position near the blocking position recorded by the computer, and observing the position when the vibration signal of the pipe cleaner disappears or the position of the vibration signal of the pipe cleaner does not change any more, namely the length L1 from the blocking position of the pipe cleaner to the optical cable of the device

Further, the specific steps of S2 are as follows:

s201: manually knocking the ground along the pipeline to generate a vibration signal, and detecting a manual knocking position L2 by a computer;

s202: if L2 is smaller than L1, the knocking position is before the blocking position of the pipe cleaner, the pipe cleaner moves a certain distance to the far end along the pipeline, and the ground is knocked again;

s203: if L2 is larger than L1, the knocking position is behind the blocking position of the pipe cleaner, the pipe cleaner moves a certain distance to the near end along the pipeline, and the ground is knocked again;

s204: until the manual tapping position L2 is equal to the pig blocking position L1, the tapping position L2 is the pig blocking position.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the invention adopts the distributed optical fiber sensing technology, realizes the implementation detection and tracking of the position of the pipe cleaner, can store the vibration signal of the pipe cleaner, and realizes the playback of the track of the pipe cleaner and the determination of the blocking position.

2. The laser pulse width, the optical power and the photoelectric converter gain of the optical module can be controlled and adjusted by a computer, and the optical module can adapt to optical cables with different lengths and different loss levels.

3. The computer controls the time delay collection and the signal collection length of the high-speed collection card, analyzes and stores the local signals of the pipeline optical cable instead of the full-line signals of the pipeline optical cable, reduces the signal data volume and the signal analysis operation volume, and is beneficial to realizing low power consumption and low cost.

4. The invention realizes real-time tracking and display of the pipeline cleaner through a specific signal processing algorithm without manual tracking on site.

5. According to the invention, through signal playback, the length of the optical cable blocked by the pipe cleaner can be detected, the ground is manually knocked on site to generate vibration, and the geographical position of the blockage can be quickly detected.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of module connection of a pig blockage positioning device based on optical fiber sensing according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical module of the pig blockage positioning device based on optical fiber sensing according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a method for pig jam location based on fiber sensing according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a review of the pig jam location recorded by the computer in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a flow chart of locating a stuck position of a pig by manual tapping according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 6 shows a pig tracking and positioning method of the pig blockage positioning device based on optical fiber sensing according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. an optical module; 11. an optical module port A; 12. optical module port B; 13. an optical module port C; 14. an optical module port D; 101. a pulse signal source; 102. a narrow linewidth laser source; 103. a laser pulse modulator; 104. a laser pulse amplifier; 105. a fiber optic circulator; 106. a Raman amplifier; 107. a wavelength division multiplexer; 108. an MCU controller; 2. a photoelectric converter; 21. a photoelectric converter port A; 22. photoelectric converter port B; 23. a photoelectric converter port C; 3. collecting the card at a high speed; 31. a synchronous port A of a high-speed acquisition card; 32. a synchronous port B of the high-speed acquisition card; 33. a synchronous port C of the high-speed acquisition card; 4. a computer; 41. computer port A; 42. computer port B; 43. computer port C; 5. the optical cable is vibrated.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Fig. 1 shows a schematic module connection diagram of a pig blockage positioning device based on optical fiber sensing according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 1, the pig blockage positioning device based on optical fiber sensing includes an optical module 1, a photoelectric converter 2, a high-speed acquisition card 3, a computer 4, and a vibration optical cable 5.

An optical module port A11 of the optical module 1 outputs laser pulses, is connected with a vibration optical cable 5 and is used for detecting a vibration signal of a pig, an optical module port B12 of the optical module 1 outputs a laser signal which is returned by an optical cable laid in the same groove and carries the vibration signal, an optical module port B12 is connected with an input port 21 of the photoelectric converter 2, an optical module port C13 of the optical module 1 is connected with a high-speed acquisition card synchronization port C33 of the high-speed acquisition card 3, and an optical module port D14 of the optical module 1 is connected with a computer port C43. The laser pulse width, the optical power and the gain of the photoelectric converter 2 of the optical module 1 can be adjusted by computer control, and the optical module can adapt to optical cables with different lengths and different loss levels.

The optical-to-electrical converter 2 receives the laser signal from the optical module 1 through the optical-to-electrical converter port a21 and converts the laser signal into an electrical signal, and the optical-to-electrical converter 2 outputs the electrical signal to the high-speed acquisition card synchronization port a31 of the high-speed acquisition card 3 through the optical-to-electrical converter port C23.

The high-speed acquisition card 3 receives the synchronous signal of the optical module 1 through the high-speed acquisition card synchronous port C33, the high-speed acquisition card 3 receives the electric signal output by the photoelectric converter 2 through the high-speed acquisition card synchronous port A31 and converts the electric signal into a digital signal, and the high-speed acquisition card 3 outputs the digital signal to the computer 4 through the high-speed acquisition card synchronous port B32.

The computer 4 receives the digital voltage signal output by the high-speed acquisition card 3 through a computer port A41, and realizes the position tracking of the pipe cleaner through signal analysis processing; the computer 4 controls the high-speed acquisition card 3 through a computer port A41; the computer 4 is connected with the photoelectric converter port B22 of the photoelectric converter 2 through a computer port B42, the gain of the photoelectric converter 2 is controlled, the self-adaption of laser signals with different intensities is achieved, and the computer 4 is connected with the optical module port D14 through a computer port C43, and the laser power, the laser pulse width and the laser pulse frequency are controlled.

The vibration optical cable 5 is buried in the same channel with the pipeline.

Fig. 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of an optical module of a pig blockage positioning device based on optical fiber sensing according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, an optical module 1 is internally provided with a pulse signal source 101, a narrow line width laser source 102, a laser pulse modulator 103, a laser pulse amplifier 104, an optical fiber circulator 105, a raman amplifier 106, a wavelength division multiplexer 107, and an MCU controller 108, wherein: the pulse signal source 101 outputs a voltage pulse signal with a specified frequency to the laser pulse modulator 103, and synchronously outputs a synchronous signal through an optical module port D14; the laser pulse modulator 103 receives the voltage pulse signal, and modulates continuous laser emitted by the narrow-linewidth laser source 102 into pulse laser; the laser pulse amplifier 104 amplifies the pulse laser power, outputs the amplified pulse laser power to the optical module port a11 of the optical fiber circulator 105, and outputs the amplified pulse laser power through the optical module port B12; the wavelength division multiplexer 107 combines the laser output by the raman amplifier 106 and the pulse laser output by the fiber circulator 105, and outputs the combined laser through an optical module port a 11; the MCU controller 108 receives an external computer control signal through the optical module port D14, and controls the output power of the narrow-linewidth laser source 102, the frequency and pulse width of the pulse signal source 101, the gain of the laser pulse amplifier 104, and the output power of the raman amplifier 106, respectively, by analyzing the control protocol.

The photoelectric converter 2 has a gain adjusting function and can adapt to the detection of optical signals with different powers; the photo detector used may be a photodiode or an avalanche photodiode.

The high-speed acquisition card 3 has an external signal triggering and acquisition function by outputting a synchronous signal through a pulse signal source in the optical module. Can receive the control signal of the computer 4 and realize the triggering time delay collection and the specific length signal collection.

The computer 4 receives the digital signals acquired by the high-speed acquisition card 3 through a computer port A41, acquires a pipeline cleaner vibration signal through signal demodulation and noise reduction, and realizes the implementation tracking of the pipeline cleaner position through vibration waveform detection and vibration waveform positioning. The computer 4 controls the high-speed acquisition card 3 to carry out time delay acquisition and signal acquisition length, and analyzes and stores local signals of the pipeline optical cable instead of full-line signals of the pipeline optical cable, so that the signal data volume and the signal analysis operation amount are reduced, and the realization of low power consumption and low cost is facilitated.

The embodiment also provides a method for positioning a pig jam based on optical fiber sensing, and the flow chart is as shown in fig. 3, and the method comprises the following steps:

s1: and rechecking the blocking position of the pipe cleaner recorded by the computer 4 through signal playback, and specifically comprising the following steps:

as in fig. 4, S101: reading the stored two-dimensional signals from the computer 4, detecting the signal intensity of each column of signals at different moments in a sliding window mode, and recording the signal moment exceeding a set threshold value and a signal column number as data samples; s102: performing characteristic analysis on the signal recorded with the sample data, and removing the data sample which does not accord with the vibration characteristic of the pipe cleaner; s103: performing curve fitting on the recorded data sample, overlapping the fitted curve with the signal intensity data, and replaying the position of the pipe cleaner on the screen; s104: and quickly playing back the signal to the position near the blocking position recorded by the computer, and observing the position when the pig vibration signal disappears or the position of the pig vibration signal does not change any more, namely the optical cable length L1 from the blocking position of the pig to the device.

S2: the blocking position of the pipe cleaner is positioned by manual knocking, and the method comprises the following specific steps:

as in fig. 5, S201: manually knocking the ground along the pipeline to generate a vibration signal, and detecting a manual knocking position L2 by the computer 4; s202: if L2 is smaller than L1, the knocking position is before the blocking position of the pipe cleaner, the pipe cleaner moves a certain distance to the far end along the pipeline, and the ground is knocked again; s203: if L2 is larger than L1, the knocking position is behind the blocking position of the pipe cleaner, the pipe cleaner moves a certain distance to the near end along the pipeline, and the ground is knocked again; s204: until the manual tapping position L2 is equal to the pig blocking position L1, the tapping position L2 is the pig blocking position.

Fig. 6 shows a pig tracking and positioning method of the pig blockage positioning device based on optical fiber sensing according to an embodiment of the present invention, which includes the following steps:

s100: the high-speed acquisition card 3 acquires signals in an external trigger mode, and the trigger signals are synchronous signals output by the pulse signal source 101 in the optical module 1. S200: the computer receives the voltage signal collected by the high-speed collecting card through the port 41; the voltage signal is a two-dimensional digital signal, the row of the signal corresponds to the synchronous signal, and the column of the signal corresponds to the distance of the vibration optical cable. S300: and performing band-pass filtering on each column of signals to remove low-frequency interference and high-frequency noise. The two-dimensional signals subjected to filtering and noise reduction are stored in a computer hard disk in real time, meanwhile, the signal intensity of each column of signals at different moments is detected in a sliding window mode, and the signal moments and the signal column numbers exceeding a set threshold are recorded as data samples. S400: and performing characteristic analysis on the signal recorded with the sample data, and removing the data sample which does not accord with the vibration characteristic of the pipe cleaner. S500: and performing curve fitting on the recorded data sample, overlapping the fitted curve with the signal intensity data, updating in real time and displaying on a screen, thereby realizing real-time tracking of the position of the pipe cleaner and position prediction at the next moment. S600: and when the computer detects that the disappearance of the pipeline cleaner vibration signal exceeds the set time or the position of the vibration signal is kept unchanged and exceeds the set time, recording the position of the finally detected pipeline cleaner vibration signal as the blocking position of the pipeline cleaner, and giving a blocking alarm. Because the length of the monitored pipeline is very long, generally tens of kilometers, and the requirement of spatial resolution is very high, the sampling rate of the acquisition card is very high, can reach 100Msamples/s, and the acquired signal data volume is very large, the invention adopts the following mode to reduce the signal data volume and reduce the requirement on system hardware: and controlling the trigger time delay of the acquisition card, and acquiring a vibration signal with a shorter length by triggering each time. The position of the pig is tracked in real time within the range of the acquired signals. When the position of the pipe cleaner is about to reach the edge of the signal acquisition range, the trigger time delay of the acquisition card is dynamically adjusted, so that the position of the pipe cleaner is always in the acquisition range.

The invention adopts the distributed optical fiber sensing technology, realizes the implementation detection and tracking of the position of the pipe cleaner, can store the vibration signal of the pipe cleaner, and realizes the playback of the track of the pipe cleaner and the determination of the blocking position. The laser pulse width, the optical power and the gain of the photoelectric converter 2 of the optical module 1 can be controlled and adjusted by a computer, and the optical module can adapt to optical cables with different lengths and different loss levels. The computer 4 controls the high-speed acquisition card 3 to carry out time delay acquisition and signal acquisition length, and analyzes and stores local signals of the pipeline optical cable instead of full-line signals of the pipeline optical cable, so that the signal data volume and the signal analysis operation amount are reduced, and the realization of low power consumption and low cost is facilitated. The real-time tracking and display of the pipeline cleaner are realized through a specific signal processing algorithm, and the on-site manual tracking is not needed. Through signal playback, the blocked optical cable length of detectable dredging pipe ware card, the scene is strikeed the ground and is produced the vibration by the manual work, can detect the geographical position of blocking fast.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be able to cover the technical solutions and the inventive concepts of the present invention within the technical scope of the present invention.