阅读说明：本技术 用于传动装置的滚动轴承装置 (Rolling bearing device for a transmission ) 是由 贝内迪克特·诺伊格鲍尔 延斯·海姆 于 2018-04-11 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种用于风力设施的传动装置(2)的滚动轴承装置(1),其包括滚动轴承(3),所述滚动轴承具有外环(4)、内环(5)和多个在外环(4)和内环(5)之间滚动的滚动体(6),其中外环(4)和/或内环(5)具有至少一个传感器元件(9)用于检测和监控状态变量,其中至少一个传感器元件(6)包括测力螺栓(7),所述测力螺栓具有至少一个应变片(8),其中至少一个传感器元件(9)直接定位在状态变量的力线路径中,其中状态变量是滚动轴承(3)的至少一个轴承预紧力。(The invention relates to a rolling bearing device (1) for a transmission (2) of a wind power installation, comprising a rolling bearing (3) having an outer ring (4), an inner ring (5) and a plurality of rolling bodies (6) rolling between the outer ring (4) and the inner ring (5), wherein the outer ring (4) and/or the inner ring (5) has at least one sensor element (9) for detecting and monitoring a state variable, wherein the at least one sensor element (6) comprises a force bolt (7) having at least one strain gauge (8), wherein the at least one sensor element (9) is positioned directly in the force path of the state variable, wherein the state variable is at least one bearing preload of the rolling bearing (3).)

1. Rolling bearing device (1) for a transmission (2) of a wind power installation, comprising a rolling bearing (3) having an outer ring (4), an inner ring (5) and a plurality of rolling bodies (6) rolling between the outer ring (4) and the inner ring (5), wherein the outer ring (4) and/or the inner ring (5) has at least one sensor element (9) for detecting and monitoring a state variable, wherein the at least one sensor element (6) comprises a force bolt (7) having at least one strain gauge (8),

wherein the at least one sensor element (9) is positioned directly in the force path of the state variable, wherein the state variable is at least one bearing preload of the rolling bearing (3),

and wherein the at least one sensor element (9) is at least partially accommodated in a respective radial recess (10) of the inner ring (5) and/or the outer ring (4),

or wherein the at least one sensor element (9) is arranged on the adjusting ring (11).

2. Rolling bearing device (1) according to claim 1,

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

the corresponding recess (10) is formed on the inner ring circumference of the inner ring (5).

3. Rolling bearing device (1) according to claim 1,

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

three recesses (10) are formed in a uniformly distributed manner on the circumferential surface of the inner ring (5) and/or of the outer ring (4), wherein the three recesses have corresponding sensor elements (9) accommodated therein.

4. Rolling bearing device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims,

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

the adjusting ring (11) has a corresponding radially formed recess (12) for at least partially accommodating the at least one sensor element (9).

5. Rolling bearing device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims,

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

the at least one strain gauge (8) is formed by a coating.

6. Rolling bearing device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims,

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

the outer ring (4) and/or the inner ring (5) have at least two sensor elements (9) for temperature compensation.

7. Wind power installation comprising a rolling bearing arrangement (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. Use of a rolling bearing device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 6 in a wind power installation.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a rolling bearing device for a transmission, which is intended in particular for a wind power installation, comprising a rolling bearing having an outer ring, an inner ring and a plurality of rolling bodies rolling between the outer ring and the inner ring, wherein the outer ring and/or the inner ring has at least one sensor element for detecting and monitoring a state variable. The invention also relates to a wind power installation having the rolling bearing device and to the use of the rolling bearing device in a wind power installation.

Background

In the case of transmissions of wind energy installations, sensors for measuring various state variables, such as vibrations, temperature and rotational speed, are used for monitoring the state of the transmission elements. The sensors are usually arranged in a well-accessible position on the transmission housing and are connected by means of cables to an evaluation device, in which the signals are further processed.

A component having a material recess and a material element, which contains at least one sensor, is known from DE 102011087471 a 1. The material element is pressed into the material recess with a force fit and is flush with at least one side of the material recess. The sensor is provided for measuring the force acting on the component and in particular the deformation of the component.

Disclosure of Invention

The aim of the invention is to develop a rolling bearing device for a transmission.

Said object is achieved according to the invention by the features of the independent claim 1. Advantageous embodiments emerge from the respective dependent claims, the description and the drawings.

The rolling bearing device according to the invention for a transmission of a wind power installation comprises a rolling bearing having an outer ring, an inner ring and a plurality of rolling bodies rolling between the outer ring and the inner ring, wherein the outer ring and/or the inner ring has at least one sensor element for detecting and monitoring a state variable, wherein the at least one sensor element comprises a force measuring bolt having at least one strain gauge, wherein the at least one sensor element is positioned directly in the force path of the state variable, wherein the state variable is at least one bearing pretension of the rolling bearing.

The load bolts of the sensor elements are preferably made mechanically and are preferably made of a metallic material. The metallic material has in particular the same coefficient of expansion as the material of the inner ring and/or the outer ring. Therefore, the metal material is preferably bearing steel. Furthermore, the force-measuring bolt is formed, for example, cylindrically, wherein alternative geometries can also be considered. The at least one strain gauge is, for example, glued to a defined surface of the load cell or coated with a coating, wherein the at least one strain gauge is, for example, arranged on an end face and/or a side face of the load cell. Temperature-induced changes in the electrical resistance can be measured, for example, by strain gauges arranged on the side faces of the force measuring bolts. Strain gauges arranged on the end faces of the force measuring bolts can, for example, measure the change in resistance induced by strain due to swaging.

The rolling bearing device according to the invention can alternatively also be provided as a main bearing device for a main bearing, in particular for a shaft. The rolling bearing is in particular designed as a tapered roller bearing. The rolling bearing can also be designed as a roller bearing or another rolling bearing.

By permanently or intermittently detecting sensor measurements of the load cell during operation, for example, the currently present pretensioning force of the rolling bearing device can be inferred. The sensor measurement of the force bolt is therefore a measure for the bearing pretension. The bearing preload is sometimes an influencing variable for the service life of the rolling bearing. For example, service life calculations can be carried out during the operation of the bearing, including the bearing pretension that actually occurs, and a continuously updated diagnosis regarding the imminent bearing damage can be made.

The term force path describes the course of the pretensioning force introduced into the bearing system of the rolling bearing device, which pretensioning force is generated, for example, by tightening a screw on a bearing ring. The pretensioning force is supported on a housing of the transmission, wherein at least one sensor element is arranged radially on one of the pretensioning components, for example an inner ring, an outer ring or an adjusting ring, in order to detect a strain-induced change in resistance. The pretensioning force can furthermore be supported on a peripheral structure of the rolling bearing device, for example a shaft or a bearing housing. Alternatively, the sensor element can be arranged on a further pretensioned component of the rolling bearing arrangement.

Preferably, the at least one sensor element is at least partially accommodated in a respective radial recess of the inner ring and/or of the outer ring. The recess is formed complementary to the geometry of the force-measuring bolt, so that a force-fitting and form-fitting connection is formed between the force-measuring bolt introduced into the recess and the inner wall of the recess. Alternatively, the force-measuring bolt can be glued into the recess in a form-fitting manner.

Preferably, the respective recess is formed on the inner circumferential surface of the inner ring. It is advantageous to have a simplified cable lead of the at least one strain gauge to a signal processing device or receiver for transmitting measured data. The transmission may be done wired or also wireless. In the case of wireless transmission, the strain gauge can be energized, for example, by means of a rechargeable battery or so-called energy harvesting. For example, in the case of energy harvesting, energy is generated from vibrations, air flow, rotational energy, temperature differences or light. Alternatively, the energy supply can also take place inductively or capacitively.

Furthermore, preferably, three recesses with corresponding sensor elements accommodated therein are formed uniformly distributed over the circumferential surface of the inner ring and/or the outer ring. In other words, the recesses with the respective sensor elements accommodated therein are formed uniformly distributed at an angle of 120 ° relative to one another over the circumference of the inner ring and/or the outer ring. Furthermore, it is also conceivable that more or fewer sensor elements are distributed uniformly or non-uniformly over the circumferential surface of the inner ring and/or the outer ring.

In a further preferred embodiment, at least one sensor element is arranged on the adjusting ring. Preferably, the adjusting ring has a corresponding radially formed recess for at least partially accommodating the at least one sensor element. The adjusting ring bears axially against the rolling bearing, in particular the inner or outer ring, and can be screwed in order to generate a preload. By means of the sensor element arranged in the adjusting ring, for example, the bearing pretension can be measured and monitored.

The invention includes the technical teaching that at least one strain gauge is formed by a coating. In particular, the strain gauge is designed as a thin-layer sensor, which is preferably protected against mechanical influences by a protective layer additionally applied to the strain gauge. The coating used to form the strain gage is processed, for example, by means of a laser.

Preferably, the outer ring and/or the inner ring have at least two sensor elements for temperature compensation. The temperature compensation is carried out directly on the force-measuring bolt. For example, by arranging the strain gauges on the end faces and side faces of the force measuring bolts and the common wiring of the strain gauges in the half bridge, disturbances caused by temperature influences can be excluded.

Drawings

Two preferred embodiments of the invention are explained in detail below with reference to three figures, in which identical or similar elements are provided with the same reference numerals. Shown here are:

fig. 1 shows a simplified schematic cross-sectional view of a partially illustrated transmission according to a first embodiment, with a device for detecting and monitoring a bearing system according to the invention,

FIG. 2 shows a schematic perspective view of a sensor element according to the invention, and

fig. 3 shows a simplified schematic cross-sectional view of a partially illustrated transmission having a device according to the invention for detecting and monitoring a bearing system according to a second embodiment.

Detailed Description

According to fig. 1, a rolling bearing arrangement 1 according to the invention for a transmission of a wind power installation, not shown here, according to a first embodiment comprises a rolling bearing 3 having an outer ring 4, an inner ring 5 and a plurality of rolling bodies 6 rolling between the outer ring 4 and the inner ring 5. The inner ring 5 has sensor elements 9 for detecting and monitoring state variables. The sensor element 9 is positioned directly in the force path of the state variable, wherein the state variable is the pretension of the inner ring 5. The sensor element 9 is accommodated in a radial recess 10 of the inner ring 5, wherein the recess 10 is formed on the inner ring circumference of the inner ring 5. Alternatively or additionally, a sensor element 9 is also provided on the outer ring 4 of the rolling bearing 3, wherein the sensor element 9 detects the pretensioning force of the outer ring 4.

According to fig. 2, the sensor element 9 comprises a force measuring bolt 7 with two strain gauges 8. The strain gauge 8 is a thin-film sensor and is designed as a coating on the force bolt 7. The load bolt 7 is of cylindrical design, wherein the recess 10 shown in fig. 1 is of complementary design to the load bolt 7. One of the two strain gauges 8 is arranged on an end face 13 of the force bolt 7, wherein the other strain gauge 8 is arranged on a ring circumference 14 of the force bolt 7.

Fig. 3 shows a second embodiment of the rolling bearing arrangement 1, in which the sensor element 9 is arranged on the adjusting ring 11, and in which the sensor element 9 is introduced radially into the recess 12 of the adjusting ring 11. The adjusting ring 11 bears axially against the inner ring 5 of the rolling bearing 3 and is prestressed axially by means of screws 15. Alternatively, the sensor element 9 can be used to measure the bearing pretension in the rolling bearing 3, in particular on the inner ring 5 and/or the outer ring 4.

The invention is not limited to the embodiments described above. Further embodiments or further variants are derived in particular from the claims and the description.

List of reference numerals:

1 rolling bearing device

2 drive unit

3 rolling bearing

4 outer ring

5 inner ring

6 rolling element

7 dynamometric bolt

8 strain gauge

9 sensor element

10 space part

11 adjusting ring

12 recess

13 end face

14 ring circumference

15 screw