Continuous reaction device and method for producing hydrogen by aluminum water reaction
阅读说明：本技术 一种铝水反应制氢的连续反应装置及方法 (Continuous reaction device and method for producing hydrogen by aluminum water reaction ) 是由 李秀刚 刘永进 杨艳杰 王彦平 于 2019-11-19 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种铝水反应制氢的连续反应装置及方法,包括排气管道(1)、加水管道(2)、惰性气体置换管道(11)、升温管道、排料管道(12)、反应釜主体(3)和料仓(6),料仓(6)与反应釜主体(3)之间通过密封管道连接,在料仓(6)与反应釜主体(3)之间的密封管道上设置隔离阀(8),用于隔离料仓和反应釜主体之间的物料、压力和温度。此发明的结构可以实现固相料的连续化投料,也就实现了铝水反应制氢的连续化进行,可以明显提高生产效率。(The invention discloses a continuous reaction device and a continuous reaction method for producing hydrogen by an aluminum water reaction, and the continuous reaction device comprises an exhaust pipeline (1), a water feeding pipeline (2), an inert gas replacement pipeline (11), a heating pipeline, a discharge pipeline (12), a reaction kettle main body (3) and a storage bin (6), wherein the storage bin (6) is connected with the reaction kettle main body (3) through a sealing pipeline, and an isolation valve (8) is arranged on the sealing pipeline between the storage bin (6) and the reaction kettle main body (3) and used for isolating materials, pressure and temperature between the storage bin and the reaction kettle main body. The structure of the invention can realize continuous feeding of solid phase materials, and also realizes continuous hydrogen production by aluminum water reaction, and can obviously improve the production efficiency.)
1. A continuous reaction device for producing hydrogen by reacting aluminum water is characterized by comprising an exhaust pipeline (1), a water feeding pipeline (2), an inert gas replacement pipeline (11), a heating pipeline, a discharging pipeline (12), a reaction kettle main body (3) and a stock bin (6), wherein the stock bin (6) is connected with the reaction kettle main body (3) through a sealing pipeline, and an isolation valve (8) is arranged on the sealing pipeline between the stock bin (6) and the reaction kettle main body (3) and used for isolating materials, pressure and temperature between the stock bin and the reaction kettle main body; a bin charging opening (4) is formed in the bin (6), the bin charging opening (4) is connected to a feeding device, a charging valve (5) is arranged between the bin charging opening (4) and the bin (6), and reaction materials can be added into the bin (6) through the feeding device by opening the charging valve (5); a vacuumizing pipeline (7) is arranged on the stock bin (6), the vacuumizing pipeline (7) is connected to a vacuumizing device, and the vacuumizing device is started to vacuumize the stock bin (6); the upper part of the reaction kettle main body (3) is provided with an exhaust pipeline (1) for exhausting hydrogen generated by the reaction; the middle part of the reaction kettle main body (3) is provided with a water feeding pipeline (2) for conveying reaction water into the reaction kettle main body; the bottom of the reaction kettle main body (3) is provided with a discharge pipeline (12) for discharging reaction solid products and related residues; an inert gas replacement pipeline (11) is also arranged at the bottom of the reaction kettle main body (3) and is used for replacing and removing air in the reaction kettle main body by inert gas before the reaction starts; the upper position of the bottom of the reaction kettle main body (3) is also provided with a heating pipeline for conveying heat transfer media into the reaction kettle main body, and the reaction materials in the reaction kettle main body are heated to the reaction temperature through the heat exchanger.
2. The continuous reaction device for producing hydrogen through the aluminum water reaction as claimed in claim 1, wherein a gas distribution pipe is arranged at the bottom inside the reaction kettle main body, and a gas inlet of the gas distribution pipe is connected with the inert gas replacement pipeline (11) and distributes gas into the reaction kettle through the gas distribution pipe.
3. The continuous reaction device for producing hydrogen through the aluminum water reaction as claimed in claim 1, wherein corresponding valves are arranged at the connecting positions of the exhaust pipeline (1), the water feeding pipeline (2), the discharging pipeline (12), the inert gas replacement pipeline (11) and the reaction kettle main body.
4. The continuous reaction device for producing hydrogen through the aluminum water reaction as claimed in claim 1, wherein the storage bin (6) and the reaction kettle main body (3) are pressure-resistant storage bins, and the positive pressure of the storage bin (6) and the reaction kettle main body (3) can bear the reaction pressure and the negative pressure can bear full vacuum.
5. The continuous reaction device for producing hydrogen through the aluminum water reaction as claimed in claim 1, wherein a part of hydrogen discharged from the exhaust pipeline (1) is collected and stored, and a part of hydrogen is circularly introduced into the gas distribution pipe at the bottom of the reaction kettle main body through the inert gas replacement pipeline (11) in the reaction process, so that solid and liquid in the reaction kettle main body are stirred, and the heat and mass transfer effects are accelerated.
6. The method for producing hydrogen by the aluminum water reaction according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: a1, replacing by inert gas, namely introducing the inert gas into the reaction kettle main body (3) through an inert gas replacement pipeline (11) to discharge the air in the reaction kettle main body (3) through an exhaust pipeline (1), and completely replacing by the inert gas; a2, feeding and adding water; opening a feeding valve (5), quantitatively filling materials into a storage bin (6) through a feeding device, closing the feeding valve (5) after the filling is finished, opening a valve of a vacuumizing pipeline (7), opening a vacuumizing device to vacuumize the storage bin (6), closing the valve of the vacuumizing pipeline (7) after vacuum is formed in the storage bin (6), opening an isolation valve (8), and enabling reaction materials to enter a reaction kettle main body (3) through the isolation valve (8); distilled water is added through a water adding pipeline (2); a3, heating and reacting, wherein a heat transfer medium is introduced into a heating pipeline, the temperature in the reaction kettle main body is raised to a preset temperature, the reaction starts, and when the pressure reaches a certain pressure, a valve of an exhaust pipeline (1) is opened to exhaust hydrogen; a4, when the reaction kettle main body (3) is in normal reaction, the isolation valve (8) is in a closed state, the pressure, the material and the temperature of the storage bin (6) and the reaction kettle main body (3) are separated, and the normal reaction in the reaction kettle main body (3) is ensured; when the reaction in the reaction kettle is finished, opening the feeding valve (5), quantitatively filling the material bin (6) through the feeding device, closing the feeding valve (5) after the filling is finished, opening a valve of the vacuumizing pipeline (7), starting the vacuumizing device to vacuumize the material bin (6), closing the valve of the vacuumizing pipeline (7) after the material bin (6) is vacuumized, opening the isolating valve (8), allowing the reaction material to enter the reaction kettle main body (3) through the isolating valve (8), after the reaction kettle obtains a new material, immediately starting the reaction due to the residual heat in the previous reaction process, quickly closing the isolating valve (8), and repeating the feeding process when the reaction in the reaction kettle is finished; a5 is discharged, and the discharge pipe (12) is opened periodically for discharging the solid reaction products and the related residues.
7. The method for preparing hydrogen by the aluminum water reaction according to claim 6, wherein in the step A3, a part of the hydrogen discharged from the exhaust pipeline (1) is collected and stored, and a part of the hydrogen is circularly introduced into the gas distribution pipe at the bottom of the reaction kettle body through the inert gas replacement pipeline (11) in the reaction process, so that the solid and the liquid in the reaction kettle body are stirred, and the heat and mass transfer effects are accelerated.
Technical Field
The invention relates to a continuous reaction device and a continuous reaction method for producing hydrogen by reacting aluminum water, belonging to the technical field of chemical equipment.
Background
The aluminum is the metal element with the most content in the earth crust, and has wide source, low price and low density. The aluminum reacts with water to produce hydrogen, can be used as an effective means for storing hydrogen, has a hydrogen storage value as high as 11.1 percent (mass fraction), is a very good hydrogen carrier, is also an ideal hydrogen storage medium for supplying hydrogen for a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, has environment-friendly reaction products, and can recycle byproducts.
Fuel cell and CO2The promotion of two driving forces of emission reduction and clean energy (hydrogen energy) become the basis for realizing sustainable development of human society. The popularization of hydrogen energy is mainly limited by three aspects of technical problems of hydrogen production and storage and transportation. At present, the existing industrial hydrogen production method mainly adopts hydrogen production by fossil fuel and hydrogen production by water electrolysis, and the hydrogen production efficiency is low, a large amount of energy is consumed, and the environmental pollution is large.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a continuous reaction device and a method for producing hydrogen by reacting aluminum water aiming at the defects of the prior art.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a continuous reaction device for producing hydrogen by reacting aluminum water comprises an exhaust pipeline (1), a water feeding pipeline (2), an inert gas replacement pipeline (11), a heating pipeline, a discharging pipeline (12), a reaction kettle main body (3) and a stock bin (6), wherein the stock bin (6) is connected with the reaction kettle main body (3) through a sealing pipeline, and an isolation valve (8) is arranged on the sealing pipeline between the stock bin (6) and the reaction kettle main body (3) and used for isolating materials, pressure and temperature between the stock bin and the reaction kettle main body; a bin charging opening (4) is formed in the bin (6), the bin charging opening (4) is connected to a feeding device, a charging valve (5) is arranged between the bin charging opening (4) and the bin (6), and reaction materials can be added into the bin (6) through the feeding device by opening the charging valve (5); a vacuumizing pipeline (7) is arranged on the stock bin (6), the vacuumizing pipeline (7) is connected to a vacuumizing device, and the vacuumizing device is started to vacuumize the stock bin (6); the upper part of the reaction kettle main body (3) is provided with an exhaust pipeline (1) for exhausting hydrogen generated by the reaction; the middle part of the reaction kettle main body (3) is provided with a water feeding pipeline (2) for conveying reaction water into the reaction kettle main body; the bottom of the reaction kettle main body (3) is provided with a discharge pipeline (12) for discharging reaction solid products and related residues; an inert gas replacement pipeline (11) is also arranged at the bottom of the reaction kettle main body (3) and is used for replacing and removing air in the reaction kettle main body by inert gas before the reaction starts; the upper position of the bottom of the reaction kettle main body (3) is also provided with a heating pipeline for conveying heat transfer media into the reaction kettle main body, and the reaction materials in the reaction kettle main body are heated to the reaction temperature through the heat exchanger.
The continuous reaction device for producing hydrogen by the aluminum water reaction is characterized in that a gas distribution pipe is arranged at the bottom inside the reaction kettle main body, and a gas inlet of the gas distribution pipe is connected with an inert gas replacement pipeline (11) and distributes gas into the reaction kettle through the gas distribution pipe.
The continuous reaction device for producing hydrogen by the aluminum water reaction is characterized in that corresponding valves are arranged at the connecting positions of the exhaust pipeline (1), the water feeding pipeline (2), the discharging pipeline (12), the inert gas replacement pipeline (11) and the reaction kettle main body.
The continuous reaction device for producing hydrogen through the aluminum water reaction as claimed in claim 1, wherein the storage bin (6) and the reaction kettle main body (3) are pressure-resistant storage bins, and the positive pressure of the storage bin (6) and the reaction kettle main body (3) can bear the reaction pressure and the negative pressure can bear full vacuum.
According to the continuous reaction device for producing hydrogen by the aluminum water reaction, a part of hydrogen discharged by the exhaust pipeline (1) is collected and stored, and a part of hydrogen is circularly introduced into the gas distribution pipe at the bottom of the reaction kettle main body through the inert gas replacement pipeline (11) in the reaction process, so that solid and liquid in the reaction kettle main body are stirred, and the heat transfer and mass transfer effects are accelerated.
The aluminum water reaction hydrogen production method of the continuous reaction device for producing hydrogen by aluminum water reaction comprises the following steps: a1, replacing by inert gas, namely introducing the inert gas into the reaction kettle main body (3) through an inert gas replacement pipeline (11) to discharge the air in the reaction kettle main body (3) through an exhaust pipeline (1), and completely replacing by the inert gas; a2, feeding and adding water; opening a feeding valve (5), quantitatively filling materials into a storage bin (6) through a feeding device, closing the feeding valve (5) after the filling is finished, opening a valve of a vacuumizing pipeline (7), opening a vacuumizing device to vacuumize the storage bin (6), closing the valve of the vacuumizing pipeline (7) after vacuum is formed in the storage bin (6), opening an isolation valve (8), and enabling reaction materials to enter a reaction kettle main body (3) through the isolation valve (8); distilled water is added through a water adding pipeline (2); a3, heating and reacting, wherein a heat transfer medium is introduced into a heating pipeline, the temperature in the reaction kettle main body is raised to a preset temperature, the reaction starts, and when the pressure reaches a certain pressure, a valve of an exhaust pipeline (1) is opened to exhaust hydrogen; a4, when the reaction kettle main body (3) is in normal reaction, the isolation valve (8) is in a closed state, the pressure, the material and the temperature of the storage bin (6) and the reaction kettle main body (3) are separated, and the normal reaction in the reaction kettle main body (3) is ensured; when the reaction in the reaction kettle is finished, opening the feeding valve (5), quantitatively filling the material bin (6) through the feeding device, closing the feeding valve (5) after the filling is finished, opening a valve of the vacuumizing pipeline (7), starting the vacuumizing device to vacuumize the material bin (6), closing the valve of the vacuumizing pipeline (7) after the material bin (6) is vacuumized, opening the isolating valve (8), allowing the reaction material to enter the reaction kettle main body (3) through the isolating valve (8), after the reaction kettle obtains a new material, immediately starting the reaction due to the residual heat in the previous reaction process, quickly closing the isolating valve (8), and repeating the feeding process when the reaction in the reaction kettle is finished; a5 is discharged, and the discharge pipe (12) is opened periodically for discharging the solid reaction products and the related residues.
In the method for preparing hydrogen by the aluminum water reaction, in the step A3, part of hydrogen discharged by the exhaust pipeline (1) is collected and stored, and part of the hydrogen is circularly introduced into the gas distribution pipe at the bottom of the reaction kettle main body through the inert gas replacement pipeline (11) in the reaction process, so that solid and liquid in the reaction kettle main body are stirred, and the heat and mass transfer effects are accelerated.
The structure of the invention can realize continuous feeding of solid-phase materials, thus realizing continuous reaction and obviously improving the production efficiency. Because the reaction can generate heat which can meet the heat value required by the subsequent reaction, the subsequent device can automatically maintain the temperature for the subsequent reaction only by heating the reaction device once before the reaction, and the energy consumed by auxiliary heating is also saved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a continuous reaction vessel for continuous feeding according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a continuous reaction device for producing hydrogen by continuous aluminum-water reaction according to the present invention;
1, an exhaust pipeline, 2 a water feeding pipeline, 3, a reaction kettle main body, 4 material bin feed ports, 5 feed valves, 6 material bins, 7 vacuumizing pipelines, 8 isolating valves, 10 temperature rising pipelines, 11 inert gas replacement pipelines and 12 material discharging pipelines;
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples.
Referring to fig. 1, the continuous reaction kettle of the present invention comprises a reaction kettle main body 3 and a
When the reaction kettle main body 3 is in normal reaction, the
In order to control the feeding amount and speed conveniently, the
The continuous reaction kettle can be used as a continuous reaction device for producing hydrogen by an aluminum water reaction, aluminum alloy powder (Al and one of Sn, Zn and Ga) and water (a proper catalyst can be added according to the situation) react in the reaction kettle main body 3 to produce aluminum hydroxide, and simultaneously, a large amount of hydrogen is generated (the reaction principle is detailed in the aluminum water reaction hydrogen production technology, the power supply technology and the model beauty strength).
Referring to fig. 2, a continuous reaction apparatus for producing hydrogen by an aluminum water reaction includes a reaction kettle main body 3 and a
the upper part of the reaction kettle main body 3 is provided with an exhaust pipeline 1 for exhausting hydrogen generated by the reaction; the middle part of the reaction kettle main body 3 is provided with a water feeding pipeline 2 which is used for conveying reaction water into the reaction kettle main body; the bottom of the reaction kettle main body 3 is provided with a discharge pipeline 12 for discharging a reaction solid product aluminum hydroxide; the bottom of the reaction kettle main body 3 is also provided with an inert gas replacement pipeline 11 for replacing and removing air in the reaction kettle main body by inert gas (generally nitrogen) before the reaction starts; the upper position of the bottom of the reaction kettle body 3 is also provided with a heating pipeline for conveying heat transfer medium (such as hot oil) into the reaction kettle body, and the reaction materials in the reaction kettle body are heated to reaction temperature (such as reaction pressure of 0.4Mpa and reaction temperature of 140 ℃) through a heat exchanger.
The bottom in the reaction kettle main body is provided with a gas distribution pipe, the gas inlet of which is connected with an inert gas replacement pipeline 11 and distributes gas into the reaction kettle through the gas distribution pipe.
Corresponding valves are arranged at the connecting positions of the exhaust pipeline 1, the water adding pipeline 2, the discharging pipeline 12, the inert gas replacement pipeline 11 and the reaction kettle main body.
The positive pressure of the
Part of the hydrogen discharged by the exhaust pipeline 1 is collected and stored, and part of the hydrogen is circularly led into the gas distribution pipe at the bottom of the reaction kettle main body through the inert gas replacement pipeline 11 in the reaction process, so that solid and liquid in the reaction kettle main body are stirred, and the heat transfer and mass transfer effects are accelerated.
Because the mode of continuously feeding the solid phase material is adopted, uninterrupted continuous production can be realized, and the production efficiency is obviously improved; because a continuous feeding and reaction mode is adopted, the temperature value required by the subsequent material reaction can be maintained through the heat generated by the reaction, and the energy required by temperature rise is saved; the reaction efficiency is improved, and a small-sized reaction apparatus can be used.
It will be understood that modifications and variations can be made by persons skilled in the art in light of the above teachings and all such modifications and variations are intended to be included within the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
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