阅读说明：本技术 一种氨基酸叶面肥的制备方法 (Preparation method of amino acid foliar fertilizer ) 是由 朱义福 张臻尧 陈志超 谭洁怡 于 2019-11-11 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于生物技术领域,尤其涉及一种氨基酸叶面肥的制备方法。它以新鲜菌渣液为原料,经过低温蒸发浓缩、生物酶解、板框压榨、陶瓷膜过滤、单炉浓缩得液体产品,所述的低温蒸发浓缩是指采用三级浓缩器对过滤洗涤后的新鲜菌渣液进行低温蒸发浓缩,一级温度85～95℃,二级温度70～80℃,三级温度60～65℃,浓缩时间6～8小时；控制干固物为15～20％,放炉温度低于65℃,13波美度。发明制备的菌体蛋白氨基酸叶面肥,呈浓稠液体状,水溶性好,游离态氨基酸含量高,单质磷元素含量高,水不溶物≤1％,氨基酸含量≥8％,单质微量元素P≥2％,产品状态稳定,保质期大于等于6个月,无需另外添加防腐剂。(The invention belongs to the technical field of biology, and particularly relates to a preparation method of an amino acid foliar fertilizer. The method comprises the steps of taking fresh mushroom residue liquid as a raw material, and performing low-temperature evaporation concentration, biological enzymolysis, plate-frame pressing, ceramic membrane filtration and single-furnace concentration to obtain a liquid product, wherein the low-temperature evaporation concentration is to perform low-temperature evaporation concentration on the filtered and washed fresh mushroom residue liquid by adopting a three-stage concentrator, the primary temperature is 85-95 ℃, the secondary temperature is 70-80 ℃, the tertiary temperature is 60-65 ℃, and the concentration time is 6-8 hours; controlling the dry solid content to be 15-20%, and keeping the temperature of the furnace to be lower than 65 ℃ and 13 Baume degrees. The mycoprotein amino acid foliar fertilizer prepared by the invention is in a thick liquid state, has good water solubility, high free amino acid content, high elemental phosphorus element content, no more than 1% of water-insoluble substances, no less than 8% of amino acid content, no less than 2% of elemental trace elements P, stable product state, shelf life no less than 6 months and no need of adding any preservative.)

1. A preparation method of an amino acid foliar fertilizer takes a fresh mushroom residue liquid as a raw material, and a liquid product is obtained by low-temperature evaporation concentration, biological enzymolysis, plate-and-frame squeezing, ceramic membrane filtration and single-furnace concentration, and is characterized in that: the low-temperature evaporation concentration is to carry out low-temperature evaporation concentration on the filtered and washed fresh mushroom residue liquid by adopting a three-stage concentrator, wherein the primary temperature is 85-95 ℃, the secondary temperature is 70-80 ℃, the tertiary temperature is 60-65 ℃, and the concentration time is 6-8 hours; controlling the dry solid content to be 15-20%, and when the Baume degree of the concentrated solution reaches 13, putting the concentrated solution into a furnace, wherein the temperature of the furnace is lower than 65 ℃.

2. The preparation method of the amino acid foliar fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the biological enzymolysis is to adjust the dry solid content of the mushroom dreg concentrated solution to 15-20% by using hot water with the temperature of 45-55 ℃, stir the mixture evenly, and adjust the pH value to 6.0-7.0 by using acid or alkali; adding compound protease with the solid-to-dry ratio of 0.2-0.6% to the fungus dreg liquid, adjusting the temperature to 55-62 ℃, and carrying out constant-temperature enzymolysis reaction for 6-12 hours.

3. The preparation method of the amino acid foliar fertilizer as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the compound protease is at least one compound enzyme of papain, yeast extraction enzyme and bean pulp hydrolase.

4. The preparation method of the amino acid foliar fertilizer as claimed in claim 3, wherein: and in the plate-frame pressing, pressing the enzymatic hydrolysate by a plate-frame machine at the enzymolysis end point, wherein the plate-frame pressure is 0.1-0.5 Mpa, and taking clear liquid.

5. The preparation method of the amino acid foliar fertilizer as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the ceramic membrane filtration is to filter the plate frame squeezed clear solution through ceramic membrane bidirectional cross flow to obtain a ceramic membrane concentrated solution, wherein the volume of the filtrate is more than 95%, and the filtration pressure is 0.3-0.5 Mpa; and (4) putting the ceramic membrane concentrated solution into the enzymolysis solution, and squeezing by a plate frame machine to obtain a ceramic membrane filtered clear solution.

6. The preparation method of the amino acid foliar fertilizer as claimed in claim 5, wherein: and in the single-furnace concentration, the clear liquid filtered by the ceramic membrane is continuously concentrated by 50% of volume by using a single-effect concentrator under the conditions of-0.085-0.09 Mpa and 70-80 ℃ to obtain a thick product with the Baume degree of 20-22 Be, the solid content of more than or equal to 50% and good fluidity.

7. The preparation method of the amino acid foliar fertilizer as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: the fresh mushroom dreg liquid is mushroom dreg liquid obtained after solid-liquid separation is carried out on nucleoside, nucleotide or amino acid industrial fermentation.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of biology, and particularly relates to a method for preparing an amino acid foliar fertilizer from a mycoprotein.

Background

The source of the amino acid fertilizer mainly comprises two kinds of animals and plants. The plant source amino acid mainly comprises fermentation products of soybean, cake meal and the like and leftovers of bean products and bean vermicelli; the animal source amino acids mainly comprise leather, hair, fish meal, leftover materials in slaughterhouses and the like. The raw materials have different sources, the process for converting the raw materials into the amino acid is different, the simplest process is an acid hydrolysis process, a hydrochloric acid solution with the common concentration of 4-6moI/L is hydrolyzed with the materials for a certain time according to the proportion, then ammonia or other alkaline substances are used for neutralization, and the pH value is adjusted to obtain a stock solution; the complex is biological enzyme method, the common compound protease carries out full enzymolysis on the materials under certain conditions, and the enzymolysis liquid is refined and processed into the water-soluble fertilizer containing amino acid. Has strong biological activity, and can stimulate crop growth and development, improve enzyme activity, and enhance disease resistance and stress resistance. Has certain effects on rooting, promoting growth, and protecting flowers and fruits. The metabolism function of the plant is enhanced, the photosynthesis is improved, the development of the root system of the plant is promoted, and the growth and the propagation of the plant are accelerated. At present, most of amino acid fertilizers sold in China are bean pulp, cottonseed meal or other agricultural and sideline products containing ammonia, and the amino acid fertilizers are compound amino acids obtained by acid hydrolysis of pure plant proteins. The protein content of the mycoprotein is up to more than 50 percent, and is up to 20 percent higher than that of the protein of the plant and animal. The amino acid types are relatively complete, and the amino acid types are rich in threonine, valine, methionine, lysine, leucine, isoleucine and phenylalanine which are essential amino acids. The amino acids have good nutritional effect, but poor biological activity;

disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the technical problems, the invention provides a preparation method of an amino acid foliar fertilizer with high biological activity.

In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: a preparation method of an amino acid foliar fertilizer takes fresh mushroom residue liquid as a raw material, and a liquid product is obtained through low-temperature evaporation concentration, biological enzymolysis, plate-frame squeezing, ceramic membrane filtration and single-furnace concentration, wherein the low-temperature evaporation concentration refers to that a three-stage concentrator is adopted to carry out low-temperature evaporation concentration on the filtered and washed fresh mushroom residue liquid, the primary temperature is 85-95 ℃, the secondary temperature is 70-80 ℃, the tertiary temperature is 60-65 ℃, and the concentration time is 6-8 hours; controlling the dry solid content to be 15-20%, and when the Baume degree of the concentrated solution reaches 13, putting the concentrated solution into a furnace, wherein the temperature of the furnace is lower than 65 ℃. Be baume is a method of expressing the concentration of a solution by immersing a baume densitometer in the solution to Be measured, and the degree obtained is called baume. The lower the temperature, the less the damage to the thermosensitive mycoprotein is. But the temperature cannot be too low, and the temperatures of the 1-3 stages of the three-stage concentrator are correlated, and the temperature difference of each stage is 10-15 degrees. Lowering the temperature affects the fluidity and evaporation efficiency and even causes clogging.

Further: in the preparation method of the amino acid foliar fertilizer, the biological enzymolysis is to adjust the dry solid content of the fungus dreg concentrated solution to 15-20% by using hot water with the temperature of 45-55 ℃, stir the mixture evenly, and adjust the pH value to 6.0-7.0 by using acid or alkali; adding compound protease with the solid-to-dry ratio of 0.2-0.6% to the fungus dreg liquid, adjusting the temperature to 55-62 ℃, and carrying out constant-temperature enzymolysis reaction for 6-12 hours. The related parameters are set, so that the enzyme activity is highest, and the enzymolysis effect is best.

The compound protease is at least one compound enzyme of papain, yeast extraction enzyme and bean pulp hydrolase.

And in the plate-frame pressing, pressing the enzymatic hydrolysate by a plate-frame machine at the enzymolysis end point, wherein the plate-frame pressure is 0.1-0.5 Mpa, and taking clear liquid. The filter cake is bacterial residue fiber and is used as plant root base fertilizer.

The ceramic membrane filtration is to filter the plate frame squeezed clear solution through ceramic membrane bidirectional cross flow to obtain a ceramic membrane concentrated solution, wherein the volume of the filtrate is more than 95%, and the filtration pressure is 0.3-0.5 Mpa; and (4) putting the ceramic membrane concentrated solution into the enzymolysis solution, and squeezing by a plate frame machine to obtain a ceramic membrane filtered clear solution. The plate frame filter cake is used as plant root base fertilizer. Parameters are optimized in the ceramic membrane process, the clarity of the filtrate is further improved, and insoluble substances are reduced.

And in the single-furnace concentration, the clear liquid filtered by the ceramic membrane is continuously concentrated by 50% of volume by using a single-effect concentrator under the conditions of-0.085-0.09 Mpa and 70-80 ℃ to obtain a thick product with the Baume degree of 20-22 Be, the solid content of more than or equal to 50% and good fluidity. The lower temperature is controlled, and the dry solid is further improved.

The fresh mushroom dreg liquid is mushroom dreg liquid obtained after solid-liquid separation is carried out on nucleoside, nucleotide or amino acid industrial fermentation.

Compared with the prior art, the preparation method of the amino acid foliar fertilizer has the advantages of low price on raw material sources and high protein content; the energy consumption is low in the production process, and secondary pollution can not be caused. It has no poison to soil, human and animal, and can promote photosynthesis of crop, enhance its metabolism, speed growth and propagation of plant, and has certain functions of promoting root growth, protecting flower and fruit. The mycoprotein amino acid foliar fertilizer prepared by the invention is in a thick liquid state, has good water solubility, high free amino acid content, high elemental phosphorus element content, no more than 1% of water-insoluble substances, no less than 8% of amino acid content, no less than 2% of elemental trace elements P, stable product state, shelf life no less than 6 months and no need of adding any preservative.

Detailed Description

The present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following examples, which are not intended to limit the present invention, and the selection of the raw materials in the synthesis process can be made according to the circumstances without substantially affecting the result.