阅读说明：本技术 一种基于气液相变的电机转子铁芯散热结构及电机和电机散热方法 (Motor rotor iron core heat dissipation structure based on gas-liquid phase change, motor and motor heat dissipation method ) 是由 刘向阳 褚健淳 赖添旺 何茂刚 张颖 于 2019-09-25 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种基于气液相变的电机转子铁芯散热结构及电机和电机散热方法,其中热管沿周向贯穿放置在转子铁芯中,并在转子铁芯两端沿径向向内弯曲,热管内装有相变工质。转子中心沿轴向放置输出轴,并将两个风扇分布套在输出轴两端,由输出轴带动风扇驱动空气流动。在电机工作时,热管内的液相相变工质吸收转子热量变为气态,并流到热管两端与流动的空气进行对流换热变为液态,随后空气被输送至外壳,将热量传递到环境中。热管两端的液态相变工质靠离心力作用重新回到转子内的热管内进行吸热。本发明能够有效地将转子铁芯内部的热量传递至环境中,解决现有技术难以冷却电机转子铁芯的难题,对提高电机工作寿命和效率有重要的意义。(The invention discloses a motor rotor core heat dissipation structure based on gas-liquid phase change, a motor and a motor heat dissipation method. The output shaft is axially arranged at the center of the rotor, the two fans are distributed and sleeved at the two ends of the output shaft, and the output shaft drives the fans to drive air to flow. When the motor works, the liquid phase change working medium in the heat pipe absorbs the heat of the rotor to become a gas state, and flows to the two ends of the heat pipe to carry out convection heat exchange with flowing air to become a liquid state, and then the air is conveyed to the shell to transfer the heat to the environment. The liquid phase-change working medium at the two ends of the heat pipe returns to the heat pipe in the rotor again to absorb heat under the action of centrifugal force. The invention can effectively transfer the heat in the rotor core to the environment, solves the problem that the rotor core of the motor is difficult to cool in the prior art, and has important significance for improving the service life and the efficiency of the motor.)

1. A motor rotor core heat radiation structure based on gas-liquid phase change is characterized by comprising a fan (33) and heat pipes (13), wherein the heat pipes (13) penetrate through a rotor core (11) of a motor rotor along the axial direction of the rotor core (11), and parts of the heat pipes (13) positioned at two ends of the rotor core (11) are bent inwards along the radial direction of the rotor core (11) to form bent parts (14); a phase change working medium is added in the heat pipe (13); the heat pipes (13) are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the rotor core (11); the fan (33) sets up two, and two fan (33) can be respectively the cover locate output shaft (15) of motor, and two fan (33) set up with flexion (14) at heat pipe (13) both ends respectively relatively for flexion (14) heat dissipation.

2. The motor rotor core heat dissipation structure based on gas-liquid phase change is characterized by further comprising an air duct (53) for cooling air after absorbing heat of the bending portion (14), wherein the air duct (53) is arranged in a casing (51) of the motor, an opening at one end of the air duct (53) is arranged in an upwind direction of the air absorbing heat of the bending portion (14), and an opening at the other end of the air duct is arranged in a downwind direction of the air absorbing heat of the bending portion (14).

3. The motor rotor core heat dissipation structure based on gas-liquid phase change as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cross section of the heat pipe (13) is rectangular, circular, oval or trapezoid with arc bottom.

4. The motor rotor core heat dissipation structure based on gas-liquid phase change is characterized in that the fan (33) is an axial flow fan with a flow guide sleeve near the tail edge of an impeller, and the diameter of the flow guide sleeve of the fan (33) is equal to the diameter of a circle formed by all heat pipes (13) distributed along the circumferential direction of the rotor core (11).

5. The motor rotor core heat dissipation structure based on gas-liquid phase change as recited in claim 1, wherein the phase change working medium is a phase change working medium capable of being in a gas-liquid phase equilibrium state in the heat pipe (13).

6. The motor rotor iron core heat dissipation structure based on gas-liquid phase change of claim 5, wherein the phase change working medium is R1233zd (E) or R410 a.

7. The motor rotor core heat dissipation structure based on gas-liquid phase change of claim 6, wherein when the phase change working medium adopts R1233zd (E), the internal pressure of the heat pipe (13) is 0.3MPa to 1 MPa; when the phase change working medium adopts R410a, the internal pressure of the heat pipe (13) is 1.6 MPa-3.2 MPa.

8. An electric machine with the rotor core heat dissipation structure of the electric machine based on gas-liquid phase change as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. A method for dissipating heat of a motor according to claim 8, comprising the steps of:

when the motor works, the rotor core (11) rotates, the heat pipe (13) synchronously rotates along with the rotor core (11), and the output shaft (15) drives the fan (33) to rotate;

the liquid phase-change working medium in the bending part (14) flows into the part of the heat pipe (13) positioned in the rotor core (11) along the outer edge of the inner cavity of the heat pipe (13), and the liquid phase-change working medium evaporates and absorbs the heat generated by the rotor core (11) and is changed into a gaseous phase-change working medium;

gaseous phase-change working medium flows into the bent part (14) along the inner edge of the inner cavity of the heat pipe (13);

the air driven by the fan (33) liquefies the gaseous phase-change working medium in the bending part (14) to form a liquid phase-change working medium;

the phase-change working medium in the heat pipe (13) repeatedly carries out the phase-change process from liquid to gas and the phase-change process from gas to liquid.

10. The heat dissipation method according to claim 9, wherein the air duct (53) is provided on the motor, the bending portion (14) is cooled by the air duct (53), so that the gaseous phase change working medium in the bending portion (14) is liquefied and releases heat, the air absorbing the heat released by the bending portion (14) is heated, the heated air enters the air duct (53) from the opening on the downwind side, the hot air entering the air duct (53) flows along the air duct (53) and transfers the heat to the housing (51), and the hot air is cooled at the same time, the housing (51) dissipates the heat to the outside of the motor, the cooled air flows out from the opening on the upwind side and then absorbs the heat of the bending portion (14), so that the bending portion (14) is cooled, and the air is heated.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of motor heat dissipation, in particular to a motor rotor iron core heat dissipation structure based on gas-liquid phase change, a motor and a motor heat dissipation method.

Background

The motor is a device for converting electric energy into mechanical energy, and is widely applied to life and industrial production processes. In the operation process of the motor, various losses can be generated, the temperature of each part of the motor can be increased due to the losses, the working efficiency of the motor is reduced, and the motor can be even damaged in severe cases. The rotor of the motor is arranged at the center of the motor, and compared with other components, the heat inside the rotor core is more difficult to be dissipated outside the motor, so that more severe temperature rise is caused, and the problem to be solved in the field of the motor at present is also one of the problems to be solved.

The industry is now widely using fans to cool the motor rotor by forcing air through the rotor surface and through the internal vents. However, since the specific heat capacity of air is low, problems such as backflow and eddy are likely to occur in the motor, and thus it is difficult to achieve an ideal rotor core cooling effect by such a cooling method. The liquid-gas phase change heat absorption based on fluid is a very effective cooling mode, and Chinese patent CN108258852A discloses a high-speed cooling permanent magnet motor for evaporative cooling in a rotor shaft, wherein a cavity is arranged along a rotating shaft and is filled with a phase change working medium, the working medium absorbs the heat of the rotor by means of liquid-gas phase change, and the working medium is changed into a gaseous state after absorbing the heat in the rotating shaft and can flow to two ends of the rotating shaft for condensation. However, the temperature of the rotor core cannot be directly and rapidly reduced only by cooling the rotating shaft, and the working medium is filled only in the center of the rotor shaft, so that the heat absorption capacity is low, and the requirement for cooling the rotor core is difficult to meet. On the other hand, this patent is with the heat transfer of pivot to the outside pivot of rotor, makes its temperature slowly rise, can reduce the condensation effect of working medium to the heat pipe both ends are the toper, and heat transfer area is little, is difficult to satisfy the condensation volume and the speed demand of working medium.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a motor rotor core heat dissipation structure based on gas-liquid phase change, a motor and a motor heat dissipation method, and aims to solve the technical problem that the heat dissipation efficiency of a central motor rotor in the prior art is not high.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a motor rotor core heat dissipation structure based on gas-liquid phase change comprises a fan and heat pipes, wherein the heat pipes penetrate through a rotor core of a motor rotor along the axial direction of the rotor core, and the parts of the heat pipes, which are positioned at two ends of the rotor core, are bent inwards along the radial direction of the rotor core to form bent parts; phase change working media are added in the heat pipe; a plurality of heat pipes are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the rotor core; the fan sets up two, and two fans can overlap the output shaft of locating the motor respectively, and two fans set up with the flexion at heat pipe both ends respectively relatively for do the flexion heat dissipation.

The motor is characterized by further comprising an air channel for cooling air after heat of the bent portion is absorbed, the air channel is arranged in a shell of the motor, an opening at one end of the air channel is arranged in the upwind direction of the air which absorbs the heat of the bent portion, and an opening at the other end of the air channel is arranged in the downwind direction of the air which absorbs the heat of the bent portion.

The cross section of the heat pipe is rectangular, circular, oval or trapezoid with an arc bottom.

The fan is an axial flow fan with a flow guide cover near the tail edge of the impeller, and the diameter of the flow guide cover of the fan is equal to the diameter of a circle formed by all heat pipes distributed along the circumferential direction of the rotor core.

The phase change working medium is a phase change working medium which can be in a gas-liquid phase equilibrium state in the heat pipe.

The phase-change working medium adopts environment-friendly refrigerants of R1233zd (E) or R410 a.

When the phase change working medium adopts R1233zd (E), the internal pressure of the heat pipe is 0.3 MPa-1 MPa; when the phase change working medium adopts R410a, the internal pressure of the heat pipe is 1.6 MPa-3.2 MPa; the boiling point of the phase change working medium under the set pressure is lower than the temperature of the rotor core after the temperature field of the motor reaches the stable state.

A motor with the motor rotor iron core heat radiation structure based on gas-liquid phase change is provided.

The heat dissipation method of the motor comprises the following steps:

when the motor works, the rotor core rotates, the heat pipe synchronously rotates along with the rotor core, and the output shaft drives the fan to rotate;

the liquid phase-change working medium in the bending part flows into the part of the heat pipe positioned in the rotor core along the outer edge of the inner cavity of the heat pipe, and the liquid phase-change working medium evaporates and absorbs the heat generated by the rotor core and is changed into a gaseous phase-change working medium;

gaseous phase change working medium flows into the bending part along the inner edge of the inner cavity of the heat pipe;

the air driven by the fan liquefies the gaseous phase-change working medium in the bending part to form a liquid phase-change working medium;

the phase change working medium in the heat pipe repeatedly carries out the phase change process from liquid to gas and the phase change process from gas to liquid.

Be equipped with on the motor the wind channel, the flexion utilizes the wind channel cools off for gaseous phase transition working medium liquefaction and heat release in the flexion has absorbed the air that the flexion emits heat and has been heated, the air that is heated gets into inside the wind channel from the opening that is located downwind one side, the inside hot-air that gets into the wind channel flows and gives the casing with heat transfer along the wind channel, make hot-air cooling simultaneously, the casing looses the heat to the motor outside and further transmits to the external environment in, the air after the cooling flows and then absorbs the flexion heat from the opening that is located windward to one side, make the flexion cool off, the air is heated, so the circulation realizes the continuous cooling to the flexion.

The air duct is arranged in the motor, air heated after the gaseous phase change working medium in the bent part is liquefied flows to the motor shell through the air duct, and the motor shell transfers heat to the environment.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

in the motor rotor core heat dissipation structure based on gas-liquid phase change, parts of the heat pipes positioned at two ends of the rotor core are bent inwards along the radial direction of the rotor core, and a phase change working medium is added in the heat pipes; therefore, when the motor works, the rotor core rotates, the heat pipe synchronously rotates along with the rotor core, the liquid phase-change working medium in the bent part flows into the part of the heat pipe, which is positioned in the rotor core, along the outer edge of the inner cavity of the heat pipe, and the liquid phase-change working medium evaporates and absorbs heat generated by the rotor core and is changed into a gaseous phase-change working medium; gaseous phase change working medium flows into the bending part along the inner edge of the inner cavity of the heat pipe; the air driven by the fan liquefies the gaseous phase-change working medium in the bending part to form a liquid phase-change working medium; the phase change working medium in the heat pipe repeatedly carries out the phase change process from liquid to gas and the phase change process from gas to liquid, so that the rotor core is continuously and directly and effectively cooled, and the temperature of the rotor core is prevented from being overhigh.

The motor has the rotor core heat dissipation structure, so that the problems of shortening and damaging the service life of the motor caused by overhigh internal temperature of the motor rotor can be solved, and the efficiency and the service life of the motor are higher.

The heat dissipation method of the motor can effectively reduce the temperature in the motor rotor, improve the efficiency of the motor and prolong the service life.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an axial view of a rotor core in the motor of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a detailed view of the bent portion of the heat pipe outside the rotor core in the motor of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the relative position of the fan in the motor of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a flow diagram of a phase change working medium in a heat pipe in the motor of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic view of an air duct in the motor of the present invention.

In the figure: 11. the rotor comprises a rotor iron core, 12 rotor guide bars, 13 heat pipes, 14 bending parts, 15 output shafts, 33 fans, 42 heat pipes, 43 liquid phase change working medium evaporation and heat absorption processes, 44 gaseous working medium flowing directions, 45 liquid working medium flowing directions, 51 machine shell, 52 output shafts and 53 air channels.

Detailed Description

In order to further explain the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention is explained in detail by the accompanying drawings and the specific embodiments.

Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the gas-liquid phase change based motor rotor core heat dissipation structure of the present invention includes a fan 33 and a heat pipe 13, the heat pipe 13 penetrates through the rotor core 11 along the axial direction of the rotor core 11 of the motor rotor, the portions of the heat pipe 13 at the two ends of the rotor core 11 are both bent inward along the radial direction of the rotor core 11 to form a bent portion 14, and the existence of the bent portion 14 enables a liquid phase change working medium to return to the heat pipe inside the rotor core by centrifugal force; a phase change working medium is added in the heat pipe 13; a plurality of heat pipes 13 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the rotor core 11; the two fans 33 are arranged, the two fans 33 can be respectively sleeved on the output shaft 15 of the motor, and the two fans 33 are respectively arranged opposite to the bending parts 14 at the two ends of the heat pipe 13 and used for dissipating heat of the bending parts 14. The output shaft 15 is disposed at the center of the rotor core 11, and the output shaft 15 can drive the fan 33 to drive the air to flow.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the heat dissipation structure of the rotor core of the motor based on gas-liquid phase transition further includes an air duct 53 for cooling the air after absorbing the heat of the bending portion 14, the air duct 53 is disposed in the casing 51 of the motor, an opening at one end of the air duct 53 is disposed in an upwind direction of the air absorbing the heat of the bending portion 14, and an opening at the other end of the air duct 53 is disposed in a downwind direction of the air absorbing the heat of the bending portion 14.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the air duct 53 may be a hole-type flow passage, and in this case, the housing 51 is provided with a plurality of air ducts 53 uniformly in the circumferential direction of the output shaft 52.

Referring to fig. 5, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mechanism of the air duct 53 may be: the casing 51 is made into a structure with a hollow interlayer, and a plurality of openings are uniformly arranged at two ends of the hollow interlayer along the circumferential direction of the output shaft 52, and the openings are communicated with the hollow interlayer.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sum of the cross-sections of the heat pipes 13 can be selected according to the requirement, and the cross-section is selected from a rectangle, a circle, an ellipse or a trapezoid with an arc bottom.

Referring to fig. 3, the fan 33 is an axial flow fan having a shroud near the trailing edge of the impeller, and the diameter of the shroud of the fan 33 is equal to the diameter of a circle formed by all the heat pipes 13 distributed along the circumferential direction of the rotor core 11, so that the generated air can contact the bent portions (i.e., the bent portions 14) of the heat pipes on the outer side of the rotor core to increase the heat dissipation effect.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the phase change working medium is a phase change working medium which can be always in a gas-liquid phase equilibrium state in the heat pipe 13, so that the heat of the whole rotor core can be conducted to the heat pipe. The saturation temperature of the phase change working medium under the pressure in the heat pipe 13 is lower than the working safety temperature of the motor.

As the preferred embodiment of the invention, the phase-change working medium adopts environment-friendly refrigerants such as R1233zd (E) or R410 a.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when R1233zd (E) is used as the heat pipe 13, the internal pressure is 0.3MPa to 1 MPa; when R410a is used, the internal pressure is 1.6MPa to 3.2 MPa.

As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the number of the heat pipes and the charging amount of the phase-change working medium can be adjusted according to the cooling requirement of the rotor.

The motor provided by the invention is provided with the motor rotor iron core heat dissipation structure based on gas-liquid phase change.

The heat dissipation method of the motor comprises the following processes:

when the motor works, the rotor core 11 rotates, the heat pipe 13 synchronously rotates along with the rotor core 11, and the output shaft 15 drives the fan 33 to rotate;

the liquid phase-change working medium in the bending part 14 flows into the part of the heat pipe 13 positioned in the rotor core 11 along the outer edge of the inner cavity of the heat pipe 13, and the liquid phase-change working medium evaporates and absorbs heat generated by the rotor core 11 and is changed into a gaseous phase-change working medium;

gaseous phase-change working medium flows into the bent part 14 along the inner edge of the inner cavity of the heat pipe 13;

the air driven by the fan 33 liquefies the gaseous phase-change working medium in the bending part 14 to form a liquid phase-change working medium;

the phase-change working medium in the heat pipe 13 repeats the phase-change process from liquid to gas and from gas to liquid.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the air duct 53 is provided in the motor, the air heated after the liquefaction of the gaseous phase change working medium in the bending portion 14 flows to the motor housing through the air duct 53, and the motor housing transfers heat to the environment.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 5, the motor is provided with the air duct 53, the bent portion 14 is cooled by the air duct 53, the gaseous phase-change working medium in the bending part 14 is liquefied and releases heat, the air which absorbs the heat released by the bending part 14 is heated, the heated air enters the air duct 53 from the opening at the downwind side, the hot air entering the air duct 53 flows along the air duct 53 and transfers the heat to the shell 51, meanwhile, the hot air is cooled, the casing 51 dissipates heat to the outside of the motor, the cooled air flows out from the opening on the upwind side and then absorbs heat of the bending part 14, the bending part 14 is cooled, the air is heated, the heated air enters the air channel 53 from the opening on the downwind side again for cooling, and the continuous cooling of the bending part 14 can be realized through circulation.