阅读说明：本技术 用于安装电梯系统的方法 (Method for installing an elevator system ) 是由 罗纳德·迪策 托马斯·库克泽拉 于 2018-03-22 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种用于在电梯井道中组装电梯系统的方法,所述方法包括以下步骤：将多个保持装置(100)定位在电梯井道的纵向方向上,保持装置(100)经由至少一个调节装置(110)安装在至少一个壁支架(120)上,至少一个壁支架牢固地施加到井道壁或井道框架；调节调节装置(110),使得保持装置在可预选的公差范围内相对于彼此对齐；分布将对齐的保持装置(100)和调节装置(110)固定在其调节后的位置处；将在井道的纵向方向上延伸的电梯轨道系统固定到对齐的保持装置(100)；提供轨道系统模型,轨道系统模型至少部分复制了轨道系统并且保持可预选的公差范围；调节电梯轿厢的滑架装置,滑架装置设置为沿着轨道系统模型上的电梯井道在电梯轨道系统上移动；以及将滑架装置从轨道系统模型中移除,并且将滑架装置安装在电梯轨道系统上。(The invention relates to a method for assembling an elevator system in an elevator hoistway, the method comprising the steps of: positioning a plurality of holding devices (100) in the longitudinal direction of the elevator hoistway, the holding devices (100) being mounted via at least one adjusting device (110) on at least one wall bracket (120), which is firmly applied to a hoistway wall or a hoistway frame; adjusting the adjusting device (110) in such a way that the holding devices are aligned relative to one another within a preselectable tolerance range; distributing the holding means (100) and the adjusting means (110) in alignment for fixing them in their adjusted positions; securing an elevator rail system extending in a longitudinal direction of a hoistway to an aligned retention device (100); providing a rail system model that at least partially replicates a rail system and maintains a preselected tolerance range; a carriage device to adjust the elevator car, the carriage device configured to move on the elevator track system along an elevator hoistway on the track system model; and removing the carriage assembly from the track system model and installing the carriage assembly on the elevator track system.)

1. A method for assembling an elevator system in an elevator hoistway, the method comprising the steps of:

-positioning a plurality of holding devices (100) in the longitudinal direction of the elevator hoistway, wherein the holding devices (100) are mounted via at least one adjusting device (110) on at least one wall bracket (120) which is firmly fitted to a hoistway wall or a hoistway frame,

-adjusting the adjusting means (110) such that the holding means are oriented relative to each other within a preselectable tolerance range,

-fixing the mutually oriented holding device (100) and the adjusting device (110) in their adjusted positions, respectively,

-fixing an elevator rail system extending in the longitudinal direction of the hoistway to the mutually oriented holding devices (100),

-providing a rail system model version, which at least partially replicates the rail system and at the same time conforms to the preselectable tolerance range,

-a carriage arrangement for adjusting an elevator car, which carriage arrangement is arranged to move on the elevator track system along the elevator hoistway on the track system model version, and

-removing the carriage arrangement from the track system model version and mounting the carriage arrangement on the elevator track system.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the adjustment of the adjustment device comprises adjustment of up to six degrees of freedom.

3. Method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the elevator track system comprises at least one guide rail, in particular two guide rails, three guide rails or four guide rails.

4. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the elevator track system comprises at least one energy supply track and/or at least one data transmission track.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein the elevator system comprises a linear motor, wherein the elevator track system comprises a primary part of the linear motor, which primary part extends in the longitudinal direction of the hoistway, and the carriage arrangement comprises a secondary part of the linear motor.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a method for assembling an elevator system.

Background

Guide rails for guiding an elevator car of an elevator system are known per se from the prior art. The guide rails can be used to guide the elevator car slidably or in a rolling manner.

EP 0858965 a1 discloses an elevator system operated by means of a linear drive. In this elevator system, roller guides are used, wherein the guide rails constitute rolled T-sections. Synchronous linear motors are located on each side of the elevator car between the car wall and the hoistway wall. Such a linear motor has a primary part which extends in the longitudinal direction of the shaft, is also referred to as stationary part, and carries the stator windings. The primary portion is fixed to the stator carrier, which in turn is fixed to the hoistway wall. The guide rail is also fixed to the stator carrier. The secondary part of the linear motor is formed by a row of permanent magnets extending in the longitudinal direction of the car wall. Such a row of permanent magnets extends on both sides of the stator winding. In this publication, each linear motor has two rows of stator windings, with two rows of permanent magnets per row of stator windings. For driving the elevator car, a travelling magnetic field is generated in the stator winding row in a manner known per se. This results in a thrust force applied to the elevator car in the vertical direction caused by the row of permanent magnets.

It has been found to be advantageous to use a linear motor for driving an elevator system, in particular in a shaft-changing multi-car elevator system (so-called multi-car elevator system). In this case, the plurality of cars move independently of each other in the hoistway. In this case, the hoistway is formed with a plurality of cars extending parallel to each other. The car can be moved vertically along the path of travel or can be changed to a different path of travel by means of a horizontal movement. In this case, a cyclic operation of the cars is particularly advantageous, so that for example only the upward movement of the cars takes place along a first travel path and only the downward movement of the cars takes place along an adjacent travel path.

In such linear motors, it is very important that the system tolerances occur within a very narrow range. For example, a very precise air gap is required, which must have a constant size over the entire length of the hoistway between a primary part of the linear motor, which extends along the hoistway, and a secondary part, which is arranged on the elevator car. Typically, in this case, an air gap of about 4mm ± 2mm, in particular ± 1mm, is sought. Different air gap widths in different directions are also possible. For example, an air gap width of about 5mm over the hoistway depth and an air gap width of about 4mm over the hoistway width has been found to be advantageous. Furthermore, during assembly, additional components, such as guide rails, brakes, catch devices, antennas, sensors and collectors for conductor tracks and data tracks, have to be adjusted very precisely. In particular, the guide rails must be precisely oriented in the vertical direction-and also in the horizontal direction-in shaft-changing multi-car elevator systems to ensure compliance with the above-mentioned narrow tolerances regarding the air gap.

The object of the invention is to provide an assembly method by means of which it is also possible to reliably comply with strict system tolerances in a simple manner and with minimal complexity.

Disclosure of Invention

According to the invention an assembly method for assembling an elevator system having the features of the independent claim is presented.

Additional embodiments and advantages will be understood from the dependent claims and the following description.

A method according to the invention for assembling an elevator system in an elevator hoistway comprises the steps of:

positioning a plurality of holding devices in the longitudinal direction of the elevator hoistway, wherein the holding devices are mounted via at least one adjusting device on at least one wall bracket which is firmly fitted to the hoistway wall or the hoistway frame,

adjusting the adjusting device such that the holding devices are oriented relative to one another within a preselectable tolerance range,

-fixing the mutually oriented holding device and adjusting device in their adjusted positions, respectively,

-fixing an elevator track system extending in the longitudinal direction of the hoistway to mutually oriented holding means,

-providing a rail system model version, the rail system model version at least partially replicating the rail system while complying with a preselectable tolerance range,

-a carriage arrangement for adjusting the elevator car, which carriage arrangement is arranged to move on the elevator track system along the elevator shaft on a version of the track system model, and

-removing the carriage arrangement from the track system model version and mounting the carriage arrangement on the elevator track system.

In this case, the fixing system for mounting the rail system of the elevator in the elevator hoistway advantageously comprises a holding device, an adjusting device and a wall bracket, wherein the holding device is configured to hold the rail system and the wall bracket is configured to be firmly fitted to the hoistway wall or the hoistway frame. In this case, the holding device can be mounted on the wall bracket by means of an adjusting device, wherein the adjusting device is configured such that the holding device can be adjusted in six degrees of freedom relative to the wall bracket and can be fixed in the adjusted position.

In particular, it is thus possible to position or adjust a plurality of retaining devices arranged one above the other in the longitudinal direction of the shaft very precisely and at the same time to very small or preselectable tolerances, so that the rail system mounted on the fixing system can be arranged over the entire length of the shaft and at the same time to very narrow tolerances. Since the adjustment device can be adjusted with up to six degrees of freedom, the tolerances of the shaft can be minimized for rail systems intended to be mounted in the shaft, wherein the tolerances are usually large and correspond to tolerances in the field of building sheathing. When the fixing system according to the invention is mounted on a shaft frame provided in a shaft for carrying an elevator, it is also possible to minimize the tolerances normally occurring in such a frame for the purpose of the rail system intended to be mounted thereon.

Advantageously, each holding device comprises a first end and a second end, wherein the holding device is connected to the wall bracket at the first end and the second end, respectively, via an adjustment device. In this case, the main range direction of the holding device is the horizontal direction. The holding device, which is fixed at both ends by means of the adjusting device, allows particularly precise and reliable positioning. Such a subassembly with a holding device, two adjusting devices and two wall mounts is also referred to below as an assembly unit.

Advantageously, the wall bracket is screwed to the wall of the well. Such a screwing operation can be carried out, for example, by means of a threaded pin cast in the wall of the shaft, wherein the wall bracket can be fitted on the threaded pin and can be fixed to the threaded pin, for example, by applying a nut. Alternatively, an anchoring track encased in concrete in the wall of the shaft may also be advantageously used. In this case, it is particularly advantageous that no further holes have to be produced in the borehole wall. Corresponding screws are fixed in the anchoring rail for fixing the wall bracket and are screwed with nuts.

The method according to the invention provides a particularly efficient assembly of the elevator system. For example, the rail system may be installed in situ in the elevator hoistway while conforming to desired or necessary tolerances on the walls of the elevator hoistway. The adjustment or alignment of the carriage arrangement, which is intended to be moved along the elevator shaft together with the elevator car by using the rail system, can be adjusted or aligned on a version of the rail system model, e.g. in the factory or workshop of the elevator manufacturer, in a manner separate from the local. Since the track system according to the invention is reproduced by means of the modelled version of the track system while complying with the desired tolerances, substantially all adjustment operations can be carried out at the factory. Thus, the in-situ adjustment of the carriage arrangement or the elevator car in the elevator shaft can be substantially dispensed with. Thus, for example, it may be avoided that complicated and expensive adjustment tools have to be provided in situ in the elevator shaft.

Advantageously, the adjustment of the adjustment device involves an adjustment of up to six degrees of freedom. Very small tolerances can thereby be adjusted in an effective manner.

The rail system preferably comprises at least one guide rail, in particular two guide rails, three guide rails or four guide rails, for the elevator car. Such a rail system can be mounted in a simple and precise manner on the holding device of the fixing system as described above. When a U-shaped holding device is provided which is substantially defined as a U, for example, two rails may be provided on the base and one rail on each leg of the U.

Advantageously, the rail system has at least one energy supply rail and/or at least one data transmission rail. Such a rail can also be easily mounted on the holding means of the fixing system.

According to a particularly preferred embodiment, the rail system comprises a primary part of the linear motor, which primary part extends in the longitudinal direction of the hoistway. By means of the assembly method according to the invention, such a primary part can be positioned very precisely, so that it extends in the vertical direction, in particular within a very small tolerance range. By providing such a primary part, the secondary part of a linear drive, e.g. fixed to the carriage of the elevator car, can be brought into active connection with the primary part substantially without any additional adjustment operations.

Since the assembly of the rail system can be set according to the invention while complying with very narrow tolerances, in the case of elevators driven by a linear motor, for example, all moving parts of the elevator, that is to say in particular the elevator car to which the secondary part of the linear motor is fixed, can be brought into active connection with the rail system installed according to the invention without any additional adjustment operation.

Of course, the features mentioned above and those yet to be explained below can be used not only in the combination listed but also in other combinations or individually without departing from the scope of the invention.

The invention is schematically illustrated in the drawings with reference to embodiments and is described below with reference to the drawings.

Drawings

In the figure:

fig. 1 is a schematic plan view of a preferred embodiment of a fixing system for installing a rail system of an elevator in an elevator shaft, suitable for use in the method according to the invention, and

fig. 2 is a perspective side view of a portion of a preferred embodiment of a fixing system in an elevator hoistway suitable for use in a method according to the invention.

Detailed Description

The fixing system, generally designated 10, and the corresponding rails of the rail system of the elevator are shown in fig. 1 and 2, wherein for the sake of clarity only the guide rails are shown in fig. 2.

The view shown in fig. 1 is taken vertically from above along the elevator hoistway 20.

Fig. 1 shows that the fixing system has a holding device 100 extending substantially in a horizontal direction, two adjusting devices 110 at respective ends 100a, 100b of the holding device 100, and two wall brackets 120 adjoining the adjusting devices 110.

In this case, the holding device 100 is connected at its two lateral ends 100a, 100b to a wall bracket 120 by means of an adjusting device 110, respectively. The adjusting device 110 can be fixed to the holding device and to the wall bracket 120, for example, by screwing, wherein the illustration of such a screwed connection is omitted for the sake of clarity. Overall, therefore, two adjusting devices 110 and two wall brackets 120 are provided for the holding device 100. These components collectively form an assembled unit 80.

The wall bracket 120 is securely fitted at its base region 122 to the wall 22 of the elevator hoistway 20. The fixing of the wall holder 120 to the wall 22 can be achieved, for example, by screwing. In this context, threaded pins are cast into the wall 22 in a particularly advantageous manner, wherein the wall brackets 120 can be screwed with these threaded pins by means of corresponding nuts. For the sake of clarity, such a screw connection or such a pin is not shown in fig. 1.

The adjustment device 110 is arranged on a leg 124 of the wall support 120 that projects perpendicularly from the hoistway wall 22, and is adjustable relative to the wall support 120 in six degrees of freedom (i.e., three translational degrees of freedom and three angular degrees of freedom). The adjustment device 110 is in turn connected to one end 100a, 100b of the holding device 100. The connection between the two adjusting devices 110 and the two ends of the holding device 100 is advantageously firm. Thus, in general, the position of the retention device 100 (including translational and angular positions) may be adjusted in a very precise manner relative to the wall bracket 120 or the hoistway wall 22 using up to six degrees of freedom, as will be explained in further detail below.

For reasons of view, fig. 1 shows only one assembly unit 80, which comprises a wall bracket, an adjusting device and a holding device. Such assembly units are fitted one above the other in the direction of the hoistway, as can be seen for example in fig. 2. This shows a portion of the hoistway where three respective assembly units 80 are arranged one above the other. Here, a plate system is also provided with a plurality of plates 240, which are arranged one above the other and adjoin one another. The joint between the plates is labeled 242. For example, the plates may be screwed to the holding device 100 and may serve as holding members for the primary part 230 of the linear motor, which will be explained in detail below (see fig. 1).

According to the present invention, it is possible to easily orient the respective holding devices 100, positioned one above the other, precisely vertically with respect to each other. This vertical orientation is for example performed by means of a plumb line suspended in the hoistway 20. Then, with the use of this plumb line, the holding device 100 can be brought into a precise vertical orientation and fixed to the wall bracket 120 in this adjusted position by corresponding adjustment of the adjustment device 110 using the six available degrees of freedom.

Thus, for example, typical hoistway wall tolerances over the entire hoistway length can be compensated, for example, ± 50mm, so that the retaining devices can be positioned vertically one above the other while complying with tolerance ranges from 0.5 to 1mm, preferably from 0.2 to 0.4mm, particularly preferably from 0.1 to 0.2 mm.

This precise assembly of the retaining device then allows a very simple assembly of the elements of the rail system on such a retaining device.

Fig. 1 shows by way of example a rail system with four rails 200, an energy supply rail 210, a data transmission rail 220 and the above-mentioned primary part 230 of a linear motor.

The primary part 230 of the linear motor comprises stator windings which are arranged over their longitudinal extent and are not shown in detail in this case. Such a linear motor also comprises a secondary part, which is formed by permanent magnets extending in the longitudinal direction of the wall of the elevator car. It has been found to be particularly advantageous to fit the secondary part on a carriage arrangement of the elevator car, which carriage arrangement is arranged to move along the rail system. By means of such a linear motor, a very reliable and effective displaceability of the elevator car along the elevator shaft is provided. For the sake of clarity, a more precise illustration of a linear motor known per se and of the elevator car or its carriage arrangement carrying the secondary part of such a linear motor is omitted here. It can be simply noted that the air gap between the primary and secondary parts must be very precisely adjusted in order for the linear motor to operate reliably over the entire hoistway length within very narrow tolerances.

Due to the assembly of the holding arrangement 100, which is thus arranged along the elevator hoistway 20 while complying with very narrow tolerances, it is easy to assemble the primary part 230 of e.g. the guide rail 200 or the linear motor accurately in a simple manner.

Since, for example, the guide rails 200 are usually manufactured with very narrow tolerances, it is possible according to the invention to fix these guide rails with minimal or even without any additional adjustment of the holding device 100. The same applies to the primary part 230 of the linear motor.

For the sake of completeness, it should be noted that both the guide rail 200 and the primary part 230 of the linear motor have a plurality of components which must be positioned one above the other. For example, in fig. 2, a joint 201 between components of a rail 200 arranged one above the other and abutting each other is shown. By means of the fixing system according to the invention, these components can be assembled easily and accurately while complying with very narrow tolerance ranges.

The requirements for the accuracy of the assembly of the energy supply rail 210 and the data transmission rail 220 are typically lower than the requirements for the rail 200 or the primary part 230. These rails 210, 220 can also be easily assembled along the hoistway by using the fixing system according to the present invention.

According to the invention, the assembly system shown allows partial assembly of the fixing system and the rail system without the need to have the elevator car to which the secondary part of the linear drive is fixed or the carriage arrangement of the elevator car in the same position.

For example, a fixing system, which is shown in fig. 1 and comprises assembly units 80, each comprising a wall bracket 120, two adjusting devices 110 and two holding devices 100, and a rail system (as explained above), which comprises guide rails 200, an energy supply rail 210 and a data transmission rail 220, a primary part 230 of a linear drive adapted to be in place in the hoistway, can be mounted precisely and adjusted in a particularly advantageous manner while complying with very narrow tolerances.

The elevator car carrying the secondary part of the linear drive can be constructed and adjusted using, for example, a version of the rail system model at a remote location (e.g., the factory or workshop of the elevator manufacturer). In this case, this version of the rail system model is constructed such that it replicates the rail system while complying with the same tolerances. Since very narrow tolerances can be provided according to the invention, such an elevator car that can be adjusted on a track system model version can be transferred substantially or completely into the in-situ assembled track system without any additional adjustment. This approach minimizes the need for in-situ adjustment operations of the elevator hoistway.

By means of the assembly system according to the invention, it is possible to construct a rail system from bottom to top or from top to bottom in a hoistway, for example, depending on the local situation. After assembling, adjusting and fixing the rail system in the manner described above, the carriage arrangement, which carries the secondary part of the linear motor and to which the actual elevator car can thus be fixed, can be introduced into the hoistway from above, for example by means of a crane system, and fitted into the installed hoistway system. In this context, it is also possible to use a rail system which initially only mounts the guide rail 200 on the fixing system or the holding device 100. It is conceivable that the energy transmission track 210, the data track 220 and the primary part 230 of the linear motor are assembled together only after such assembly of the carriage arrangement. Both possibilities allow to precisely adjust the air gap between the primary and secondary part of the linear motor.

It is also possible to move the carriage arrangement along the entire rail system (that is to say along the entire hoistway) with the aid of such a crane system, in order for example to check assembly tolerances of the system, hoistway tolerances or collisions with components arranged in the hoistway.