阅读说明：本技术 经由用户服务平台通信的方法、装置和计算机可读存储介质 (Method, apparatus, and computer-readable storage medium for communicating via a user service platform ) 是由 T·卡雷 于 2018-04-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：始发用户服务平台(USP)端点将表示USP消息的有效载荷分为较小的分段(也被称为“片段”或“块”),以用于通过具有不同消息大小约束的中间代理来传输有效载荷。在接收到之后,接收USP端点重组该较小的分段以恢复表示所述USP消息的有效载荷。(An originating User Service Platform (USP) endpoint divides the payload representing the USP message into smaller segments (also referred to as "fragments" or "blocks") for transport of the payload by intermediate agents having different message size constraints. Upon receipt, the receiving USP endpoint reassembles the smaller fragments to recover the payload representing the USP message.)

1. An electronic device (102, 104, 106, 108A, and 108B), comprising:

a memory (1004) storing computer readable instructions; and

one or more processors (1002) coupled to the memory, the one or more processors configured to execute the computer-readable instructions to:

segmenting a payload representing a user service platform message to generate a plurality of payload segments, an

Generating a sequence of user service platform records based on the plurality of payload segments, each of the user service platform records comprising: (i) a payload segment from among the plurality of payload segments; and (ii) segmentation and reassembly status information indicating a status of a segment of the payload at the electronic device when the included payload segment is generated; and

a transceiver (1006) coupled to the one or more processors, the transceiver configured to transmit the sequence of user service platform records.

2. The electronic device of claim 1, wherein the plurality of payload segments have a size based on a size of a non-payload portion of the user service platform record and a size of a maximum transfer unit associated with a message transfer protocol used to transfer the sequence of user service platform records.

3. The electronic device of claim 1, wherein the state of the segment is one of: start, process, and finish.

4. The electronic device of claim 1, wherein:

the payload comprises at least a first payload record and a second payload record, the first payload record and the second payload record together representing at least a portion of the user service platform message;

the plurality of payload segments comprises a plurality of first payload segments and a plurality of second payload segments; and

the one or more processors are further configured to execute the computer-readable instructions to segment the first payload record into the plurality of first payload segments and segment the second payload record into the plurality of second payload segments.

5. The electronic device of claim 4, wherein the segmentation and reassembly status information for a first payload segment among the plurality of first payload segments comprises:

a first payload segment and reassembly status indicating a status of the segment of the payload when the first payload segment was generated, an

A first payload record segment and reassembly status indicating a status of the segment of the first payload record when the first payload segment was generated.

6. The electronic device of claim 5, wherein:

the first payload segment and reassembly status indicates a start of the segment of the payload at the electronic device; and/or

The first payload segment and reassembly status indicates an end of the segment of the payload at the electronic device; and/or

The first payload record segment and reassembly status indicates a start of the segment of the first payload record at the electronic device; and/or

The first payload record segment and reassembly status indicates an end of the segment of the first payload record at the electronic device; and/or

Each of the first payload record and the second payload record comprises a transport layer security entity.

7. An electronic device (102, 104, 106, 108A, and 108B), comprising:

a transceiver (1006) configured to receive a sequence of a plurality of user service platform records, each user service platform record of the plurality of user service platform records comprising: (i) a payload segment representing a portion of a user services platform message, and (ii) segmentation and reassembly status information indicating a status of the payload being divided into payload segments at the originating endpoint device; and

one or more processors (1002) coupled to the transceiver, the one or more processors configured to execute the computer-readable instructions to:

buffering the plurality of user service platform records, an

In response to receiving a user service platform record comprising segmentation and reassembly status information, the user service platform message is recovered by reassembling the payload segments of the plurality of user service platform records in the buffer, the segmentation and reassembly status information indicating that segmentation of the payload is complete at the originating endpoint device.

8. The electronic device of claim 7, wherein the segmentation and reassembly status information recorded for each user service platform indicates that the segmentation status of the payload is one of: start, process, and finish.

9. The electronic device of claim 7, wherein:

the payload comprises at least a first payload record;

a first user service platform record of the plurality of user service platform records comprises: (i) a first segment of the first payload record and (ii) first segmentation and reassembly status information; and

the first segmentation and reassembly status information comprises:

a first payload segmentation and reassembly status indicating a status of the segments of the payload when the first segment of the first payload record was generated, an

A first payload record segments and reassembly status indicating a status of the segments of the first payload record when the first segment of the first payload record was generated.

10. The electronic device of claim 9, wherein:

the first payload segment and reassembly status indicates a start of a segment of the payload at the originating endpoint device; and/or

The first payload record segment and reassembly status indicates a start of a segment of the first payload record at the originating endpoint device; and/or

The first payload record comprises a transport layer security entity; and/or

The payload comprises a single payload record representing a user service platform message.

Background

FIELD

One or more example embodiments relate to methods, apparatuses, and/or computer-readable storage media for communicating via a User Service Platform (USP).

Disclosure of Invention

One or more example embodiments provide a mechanism for an originating User Service Platform (USP) endpoint to fragment the payload representing a USP message into smaller fragments (also referred to as "fragments" or "blocks") that permit the payload to be transported through Message Transfer Protocol (MTP) proxies having different message size constraints, and to cause a receiving USP endpoint to reassemble the smaller fragments into a larger payload after receiving the smaller fragments. This process is sometimes referred to herein as a segmentation and reassembly (SAR) function.

At least one example embodiment provides an electronic device, comprising: a memory storing computer readable instructions; one or more processors coupled to the memory; and a transceiver coupled to the one or more processors. The one or more processors are configured to execute the computer-readable instructions to: segmenting a payload representing a user service platform message to generate a plurality of payload segments; and generating a sequence of user service platform records based on the plurality of payload segments, each of the user service platform records comprising: (i) a payload segment from among the plurality of payload segments, and (ii) segment and reassembly status information indicating a status of a segment of the payload at the electronic device at a time the included payload segment was generated. The transceiver is configured to transmit a sequence of user service platform records.

At least one other example embodiment provides an electronic device comprising a transceiver and one or more processors coupled to the transceiver. The transceiver is configured to receive a sequence of a plurality of user service platform records, each of the plurality of user service platform records comprising: (i) a payload segment representing a portion of the user services platform message, and (ii) segmentation and reassembly status information indicating a status of the payload being divided into payload segments at the originating endpoint device. The one or more processors are configured to execute the computer-readable instructions to: buffering a plurality of user service platform records; and, in response to receiving the user service platform record including segmentation and reassembly status information indicating that the segmentation of the payload is completed at the originating endpoint device, recovering the user service platform message by reassembling the payload segments of the plurality of user service platform records in the buffer.

Drawings

Example embodiments will be more fully understood from the detailed description given herein below and the accompanying drawings, in which like elements are represented by like reference numerals, which are given by way of illustration only, and thus do not limit the present disclosure.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a portion of an example User Service Platform (USP) network architecture.

Fig. 2 provides a general architecture and functionality suitable for implementing the functional elements described herein or a portion of the functional elements described herein.

FIG. 3 is a flow chart illustrating an example embodiment of a method for generating and transmitting USP records.

FIG. 4A is a flow chart illustrating an example embodiment of a method for receiving and processing USP records.

FIG. 4B is a flow chart illustrating an example embodiment of a method of processing the payload of a buffered USP record.

FIG. 5 is a flow diagram illustrating an example embodiment of a method for processing payload portions to generate payload segments and USP records.

FIG. 6 illustrates a USP record structure according to an example embodiment.

It should be noted that these drawings are intended to illustrate the general nature of methods, structures, and/or materials utilized in certain exemplary embodiments, and to supplement the written description provided below. The drawings, however, are not to scale and may not accurately reflect the precise structural or performance characteristics of any given embodiment, and should not be construed as defining or limiting the scope of values or characteristics encompassed by example embodiments. The use of like or identical reference numbers in the various figures is intended to indicate the presence of like or identical elements or features.

Detailed Description

Various example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which some example embodiments are shown.

Detailed illustrative embodiments are disclosed herein. However, specific structural and functional details disclosed herein are merely representative for purposes of describing example embodiments. Example embodiments may, however, be embodied in many alternate forms and should not be construed as limited to only the embodiments set forth herein.

Accordingly, while example embodiments are capable of various modifications and alternative forms, embodiments are shown by way of example in the drawings and will herein be described in detail. It should be understood, however, that there is no intention to limit example embodiments to the specific forms disclosed. Rather, the exemplary embodiments are to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the scope of the present disclosure. Like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout the description of the figures.

Although one or more example embodiments will be described from the perspective of a controller, agent, or other suitable electronic device, it should be understood that one or more of the example embodiments discussed herein may be executed by one or more processors (or processing circuits) on a suitable device.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a portion of an example User Service Platform (USP) network architecture.

As shown in FIG. 1, a portion of the USP network architecture includes a controller 102, a Message Transfer Protocol (MTP) proxy 104, a proxy 106, and proxy service elements 108A, 108B. Controller 102, MTP proxy 104, and proxy 106 may communicate via one or more MTPs. In one example, controller 102 can communicate with MTP proxy 104 via a simple (or streaming) text-oriented messaging protocol (STOMP), while proxy 106 can communicate with MTP proxy 104 via a constrained application protocol (CoAP). The proxy 106 may communicate with the proxy service elements 108A, 108B via a high-level communication protocol such as ZigBee, Z-Wave, etc.

Although fig. 1 illustrates only a single controller 102, a single MTP proxy 104, a single proxy 106, and two proxy service elements 108A, 108B, example embodiments should not be limited to this example. Instead, the USP network architecture may include a network of controllers, MTP proxies, and proxy service elements. Furthermore, although discussed with respect to MTP proxies, example embodiments should not be limited to this example. Instead, other intermediate agents may be used.

The proxy 106 is a USP endpoint that exposes the service elements 108A and 108B to the controller 102. The controller 102 is a USP endpoint that handles the service elements 108A and 108B through the proxy 106. In the example shown in fig. 1, proxy 106 exposes service elements 108A and 108B to controller 102 through MTP proxy 104.

Example controllers include a network service provider controller (ACS), an application service provider controller, and a smartphone controller (e.g., internal or external to a home network). However, example embodiments should not be limited to these examples. Example agents include smart home gateways, smarttvs, and the like.

The proxy service element represents a service functionality exposed by the proxy and may be represented by one or more objects. Examples of proxy service elements include home automation devices such as lights, locks, thermostats, and the like.

Still referring to FIG. 1, the controller 102 and proxy 106 allow applications to manipulate the service elements 108A, 108B by exchanging USP messages via the MTP proxy 104 using USP protocols. These applications include traditional management systems, user portals or managed entities that provide internet of things services, and as part of an automated smart home or smart building system, can act as a user portal in the cloud on the gateway or be accessed through a smartphone.

The USP message refers to the content of USP layer communication, including a message header and a message body. The message body may include, for example, a request, a response, or an error. The message header may include elements that provide information about the message, such as endpoint identifiers for the sender and recipient, the message type, and a message identification (message ID) element. The message ID is an identifier used to associate a response or error with a request.

Although the network shown in fig. 1 includes a proxy mechanism in the form of MTP proxy 104, example embodiments are not limited to this example. According to one or more other example embodiments, the proxy may directly expose one or more service elements to the controller without a proxy mechanism.

Controllers, agents, and/or proxies (such as the controller, agent, and/or proxy illustrated in fig. 1) can be deployed in various configurations, wherein the controller and agent communicate across the internet (or service provider network) or within a local network (e.g., within a home). Regardless of the deployment configuration, when the controller and the proxy exchange USP messages via the USP protocol, the exchange of USP messages may require the use of various MTPs for transmission across the network.

The MTP is located at a layer below the USP protocol that carries messages between an originating USP endpoint (also referred to as originating USP endpoint device, originating endpoint device, etc.) and a receiving USP endpoint (also referred to as receiving USP endpoint device, receiving endpoint device). The originating and receiving USP endpoints may also be collectively referred to as electronic devices. Examples of MTPs include STOMP, CoAP, HyperText transfer protocol (HTTP), and extensible Messaging and Presence protocol (XMPP).

In a more complex deployment, an originating USP endpoint (e.g., controller 102) may transmit USP messages to a receiving USP endpoint (e.g., proxy 106) across one or more MTP proxies that forward USP messages between endpoints using different MTPs.

In fig. 1, for example, the controller 102 is deployed in a service provider's network outside of a home network (e.g., a Local Area Network (LAN)) in which the agent 106 is located. In this example, proxy 106 communicates with MTP proxy 104 via CoAP and controller 102 communicates with MTP proxy 104 via stop mp, as described above. Thus, USP messages exchanged between the controller 102 and the proxy 106 traverse multiple MTPs. In these cases, the end-to-end (E2E) message exchange capabilities of the USP permit USP messages to be exchanged in a more secure and/or reliable manner using USP records.

A USP record is defined as a transport layer payload that encapsulates a sequence of datagrams making up (or representing) a USP message into the payload portion of the USP record. The USP record also provides additional metadata to support the secure and reliable delivery of individual segments (also called fragments) of the USP message. This additional metadata will be discussed in more detail later with respect to fig. 6.

To inhibit the possibility that transmission of USP records is blocked and/or dropped, one or more example embodiments provide the ability to segment and reassemble an unencrypted, encoded, or encrypted payload representing a USP message (e.g., including a USP message or multiple entities (e.g., Transport Layer Security (TLS) entities), the size of the payload being greater than the minimum Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) of one or more MTPs between an originating USP endpoint and a receiving USP endpoint.

Segmentation and reassembly (SAR) may be employed independently or in conjunction with known security and reliability E2E message exchanges. For example, larger unencrypted USP messages may be exchanged in a more reliable manner using SAR functionality, while smaller USP messages may still maintain the same reliability if SAR functionality is not employed.

At least some example embodiments provide methods for transmitting USP messages in which an originating USP endpoint segments a payload representing a USP message into segments of M bytes, where M may be the size of the smallest MTU from among MTPs (for MTP traversal between the originating USP endpoint and a receiving USP endpoint). In an example where a MTU is associated with STOMP, M may be 225 bytes. After receiving all of the fragments of the fragmented payload, the receiving USP endpoint reassembles the payload fragments to recover the original payload representing the USP message included therein.

FIG. 6 illustrates an example structure of a USP record.

Referring to FIG. 6, a USP record may include: a version; originating USP endpoint identifier (from _ id); session context identifier (session _ id); datagram sequence identifier (sequence _ id); expected sequence identifier (expected _ id); payload encoding information (payload _ encoding); payload encryption information (payload _ encryption); payload segmentation and reassembly (SAR) state (payload _ SAR _ state); payload records SAR status (payload _ rec _ SAR _ state); a payload; and a retransmission identifier (retransmission _ id). As discussed herein, the payload may be referred to as the payload portion of the USP record, which represents the USP message. The remaining metadata portion of the USP record may be referred to as the non-payload portion of the USP record. Although discussed herein as including each field shown in FIG. 6, a USP record need not include all of the non-payload portions shown in FIG. 6. Furthermore, USP records do not require payload to be carried, at least in some cases.

Still referring to FIG. 6, the version indicates the version of the USP record. from _ id identifies the originating USP endpoint that has generated and transmitted the USP record. session _ id includes information identifying the E2E session context (session context) established between the originating USP endpoint and the receiving USP endpoint.

A session context is established between two USP endpoints by sending a USP record with a value that is not currently associated with a USP endpoint combination. In the USP, the proxy initiates the process of establishing a session context between USP endpoints and uniquely identifies the session context within the proxy through a combination of the value of the session _ id and the USP identifier of the associated controller.

The session context may have a lifetime and may expire after a given (or alternatively, a desired or predetermined) time period expires. The expiration of the session context may be controlled by a session context expiration (SessionContextExpiration) parameter at the proxy, where the proxy considers the session context to have expired if the proxy does not see activity (e.g., exchange of USP records) within the session context within a given period of time.

Once a session context is established between USP endpoints, USP records are created to exchange payloads (and USP messages) within the session context. USP records are uniquely identified by their from _ id, session _ id, and sequence _ id.

Still referring to FIG. 6, for the first USP record in a sequence of USP records transmitted in a session context, the sequence _ id may be initialized to zero and incremented after each USP record in the sequence is transmitted. According to at least some example embodiments, an endpoint may maintain a separate value for sequence _ id based on the number of records sent.

The expected _ id indicates the next sequence identifier that the originating USP endpoint wishes to receive from the receiving USP endpoint. The reception of the sequence _ id matching the Expected _ id implicitly confirms the reception of the transport datagram having a sequence _ id smaller than the Expected _ id.

The payload portion of the USP record representing the USP message may include one or more payload records. USP messages may be unencrypted, encrypted using Compact Binary Object Representation (CBOR) object signing and encryption (COSE), or encrypted using Transport Layer Security (TLS) encryption. However, example embodiments should not be limited to these examples. In examples where the USP message is a larger unencrypted USP message (or a USP message encrypted with COSE), the payload portion may include a payload record representing the USP message. In another example, the payload portion may include a plurality of entities (e.g., TLS records), where each entity (e.g., TLS record) constitutes a payload record.

Still referring to fig. 6, the payload _ encoding includes an identification of the encoding protocol used to encode (and decode) the unencrypted payload. The payload value of the payload encoding information includes an uncoded ('0') and a coded ('1').

payload _ encryption includes security protocols (e.g., COSE, TLS, etc.) that are used to encrypt USP messages to generate payload portions.

payload _ sar _ state indicates the fragmentation and reassembly status for the payload at the originating USP endpoint. Example values for payload _ sar _ state include "no segmentation" (e.g., '0'), "start" (e.g., '1'), "in process" (e.g., '2'), and "complete" ('3').

payload _ rec _ sar _ state indicates the fragmentation and reassembly state recorded for a given payload within the payload. Example values of payload _ rec _ sar _ state include "unused" (e.g., '0'), "start" (e.g., '1'), "in process" (e.g., '2'), and "complete" (e.g., '3').

As discussed herein, payload _ sar _ state and payload _ rec _ sar _ state may be collectively referred to as segmentation and reassembly status information (or segmentation and reassembly status indicator information). The payload SAR state (payload _ SAR _ state) may be referred to herein as a payload segmentation and reassembly state, and may indicate the state of the segmentation of the payload at the originating endpoint device when a given payload segment is generated. The payload record SAR state (payload _ rec _ SAR _ state) may be referred to as a payload record segment and reassembly state, and may indicate the state of the segments of the payload record at the originating endpoint device when a given payload segment is generated.

The transmit _ id includes a request for retransmission of the USP record for reliable message exchange. The transmit _ id is included or set when a retransmission is requested.

FIG. 3 is a flow chart illustrating an example embodiment of a method for generating and transmitting USP records.

For purposes of example, the example embodiment shown in FIG. 3 will be described with respect to a session context established between the controller 102 (acting as an originating USP endpoint) and the proxy 106 (acting as a receiving USP endpoint). However, it should be understood that example embodiments should not be limited to this example.

Referring to FIG. 3, at step S300, the controller 102 processes (e.g., encodes and/or encrypts) the USP message to generate the payload portion of the USP record for transmission to the proxy 106. In one example, the controller 102 processes USP messages according to the TR-369 protocol. The generated payload portion may be stored in a payload transmission buffer at the controller 102.

As described above, according to one or more example embodiments, the payload portion representing a USP message may include one or more payload records. For example, the payload portion may include a payload record including an unencrypted USP message, a COSE encrypted payload record, or a plurality of payload records, each payload record including a TLS encrypted entity. However, example embodiments should not be limited to these examples.

Returning to FIG. 3, in step S302, the controller 102 determines whether the estimated size (e.g., in bytes) of the USP record (including the non-payload portion and the payload portion created in step S300) is greater than the minimum MTU of the MTP traversed between the controller 102 and the agent 106.

If the estimated size of the USP record at step S302 is less than or equal to the minimum MTU of the MTPs (e.g., STOMP and CoAP) between the controller 102 and the proxy 106, the controller 102 determines that segmentation and reassembly (SAR) of the payload portion created at step S300 is not necessary. In this case, at step S306, the controller 102 generates and transmits a USP record for transmission to the proxy 106. For example, in step S306, the controller 102 encapsulates the payload portion and the non-payload portion created at step S300 in a USP record (e.g., having a structure such as that shown in fig. 6).

Returning to step S302, if the estimated size of the USP record is greater than the minimum MTU of the MTP between the controller 102 and the proxy 106, then in step S308, the controller 102 processes the payload portion using a segmentation and reassembly (SAR) function to generate a sequence of payload segments, each payload segment comprising at least one segment (or fragment) of the payload record (and thus, at least a portion of the USP message) in the payload portion. Depending on the size of the payload portion and the payload records contained therein, the controller 102 may segment (or fragment) the payload portion (and/or one or more payload records within the payload portion) into smaller "chunks" (also referred to herein as payload segments or fragments) such that the size of a USP record, including payload fragments and non-payload portions of the USP record, is less than or equal to the minimum MTU. In one example, for transmission to agent 106 in fig. 1, since the MTU for the store p is 225 bytes, controller 102 may split the payload portion into segments that are less than 225 bytes (e.g., between 150 and 200 bytes), which is the smallest MTU among the MTUs of the MTPs between controller 102 and agent 106.

Also in step S308, the controller 102 generates a sequence of USP records, each USP record including the generated payload segment for transmission to the proxy 106. The controller 102 may generate each USP record in the sequence in a manner similar to that discussed above with respect to step S306, except that the corresponding payload portion of the USP record is a payload segment.

A more detailed discussion regarding the application of the SAR function and the generation of the USP recording sequence at step S308 will be provided later in fig. 5.

Returning to FIG. 3, in step S310, the controller 102 sends the USP records generated in step S308 to the proxy 106 in order (e.g., by the MTP proxy 104) to communicate USP messages.

FIG. 5 is a flow diagram illustrating an example embodiment of a method for processing a payload portion to generate a payload segment and then generating a USP record for transmission. Like fig. 3, for exemplary purposes, the example embodiment shown in fig. 5 will be described with respect to a session context established between the controller 102 and the proxy 106. However, it should be understood that example embodiments should not be limited to this example.

Referring to FIG. 5, at step S502, the controller 102 sets the payload segment size of the payload portion of the USP record (generated in step S300) based on the size of the non-payload portion of the USP record and the minimum MTU of the MTP between the controller 102 and the proxy 106. In one example, the controller 102 may set the payload segment size to the difference between the size of the minimum MTU and the size of the non-payload portion. In the above example, if the MTU of STOMP is 225 bytes and the size of the non-payload portion of the USP record is 25 bytes, the fragment size of the payload portion may be 200 bytes.

In step S504, the controller 102 obtains a first payload record of the payload portion from the payload transmission buffer.

In step S506, the controller 102 determines whether the estimated size (e.g., in bytes) of the USP records, including the non-payload portion and the obtained payload records, is greater than the minimum MTU of MTP between the controller 102 and the agent 106.

If the controller 102 determines that the estimated size of the USP record is less than or equal to the minimum MTU, the controller 102 returns the payload record as a payload segment to the payload transmission buffer at step S512. In this way, the controller 102 segments the payload back to the same position in the payload transmission buffer as the position the payload record occupied when it was previously obtained in step S504.

In step S516, the controller 102 determines whether the payload transmission buffer includes an additional payload record to be processed. That is, for example, the controller 102 determines whether the processing of the payload part having the SAR function is completed.

If the controller 102 determines that the payload transmission buffer includes additional payload records to be processed, the controller 102 obtains the next payload record from the payload transmission buffer in step S514. The process then returns to step S506 and continues as discussed herein.

Returning to step S516, if the controller 102 determines that the payload transmission buffer does not include any additional payload records to be processed (processing of the payload portion with the SAR function is complete), the controller 102 generates (or, alternatively, creates) a USP record corresponding to each payload segment in the payload transmission buffer in order to generate a sequence of USP records for transmission to the proxy 106. Also at step S518, the controller 102 sets the payload SAR state (payload _ SAR _ state) and the payload record SAR state (payload _ rec _ SAR _ state) in the non-payload portion of the generated USP record. The controller 102 then stores the generated one or more USP records in an outgoing transmission buffer for ordered transmission to the proxy 106.

For each USP record, when a payload segment included in the USP record is created, a payload SAR state and a payload record SAR state may be set based on the segment state of the payload portion. For example, a first USP record for a first payload segment comprising a payload portion may have a payload SAR state of "start", while a USP record for a last payload segment comprising a payload portion may have a payload SAR state of "complete". The payload SAR state of one or more USP records including a payload segment between the first payload segment and the last payload segment may be "in process".

Similarly, a USP record including a payload segment corresponding to a first portion of the segmented payload record may have a payload record SAR state of "start", and a USP record including a payload segment corresponding to a last portion of the segmented payload record may have a payload record SAR state of "complete". The payload records of one or more USP records that include a payload segment corresponding to the portion of the payload record of the segment between the first portion and the last portion may have a SAR state of "in process".

More specific examples of setting the payload SAR state and the payload recording SAR state will be discussed later.

Returning to step S506 in fig. 5, if the controller 102 determines that the estimated size of the USP record, including the non-payload portion and the payload record obtained from the payload transmission buffer, is greater than the minimum MTU, the controller 102 segments the payload record into a plurality of payload segments, wherein each of the plurality of payload segments has a size less than or equal to the payload segment size.

In step S510, the controller 102 stores the plurality of payload segments in the payload transmission buffer at the same positions previously occupied in the transmission buffer by the payload records prior to the segments so that the original description between the payload records is maintained. Then, the process proceeds to step S516 and proceeds as described above.

Fig. 5 will now be described for a more specific example where the non-payload portion NP is 25 bytes, the original payload portion P is 700 bytes, and the minimum MTU is 225 bytes. In this example, the payload portion P comprises a sequence of two payload records, including a first payload record PR _1 of 200 bytes and a second payload record PR _2 of 500 bytes. In this example, each of the payload records may include a TLS entity, and the TLS entity represents a USP message. However, example embodiments should not be limited to this example.

Referring again to fig. 5, at step S502, the controller 102 sets the payload segment size to 225-25-200 bytes.

At step S504, the controller 102 obtains a first payload record PR _1 from the payload transfer buffer

In this example, the controller 102 does not fragment the first payload record PR _1 because the estimated size of the USP record comprising the first payload record PR _1(200 bytes) and the non-payload portion NP (25 bytes) is equal to the minimum MTU (step S506). In contrast, the controller 102 returns the first payload record PR _1 as the first payload segment PR1_ SEG1 to the payload transmission buffer at the same position from which the first payload record PR _1 was obtained (step S512).

Since the payload transfer buffer includes the second payload record PR _2 to be processed (step S516), the controller 102 obtains the second payload record PR _2 from the payload transfer buffer (step S514).

Because the estimated size of the USP records including the second payload record PR _2(500 bytes) and the non-payload portion NP (25 bytes) is greater than the minimum MTU (step S506), the controller 102 segments the second payload record PR _2 into a sequence of a plurality of payload segments PR2_ SEG1, PR2_ SEG2 and PR2_ SEG3 (step S508). In this example, each of the first payload segment PR2_ SEG1 and the second payload segment PR2_ SEG2 has a size of 200 bytes, while the third payload segment PR2_ SEG3 has a size of 100 bytes.

The controller 102 then stores the plurality of payload segments (in order) in the payload transmission buffer in the position previously occupied by the second payload record PR _2 prior to the segment (step S510).

In this example, since there are no other payload records to process for the current payload portion (step S516), the controller 102 generates a sequence of USP records USPR1, USPR2, USPR3 and USPR4 based on the payload segments PR1_ SEG1, PR2_ SEG1, which payload segments PR1_ SEG1, PR2_ SEG2 and PR2_ SEG3 are stored in the payload transmission buffer (step S518). In this example, the first USP record USPR1 comprises a payload segment PR1_ SEG1 as payload portion, the second USP record USPR2 comprises a payload segment PR2_ SEG1 as payload portion, the third USP record USPR3 comprises a payload segment PR2_ SEG2 as payload portion, and the fourth USP record USPR4 comprises a payload segment PR2_ SEG3 as payload portion. The USPR1, USPR2, USPR3, and USPR4 may have monotonically increasing sequence _ id numbers such that after a USP record is received by the broker 106, the USP records are processed in order of monotonically increasing sequence _ id numbers. As discussed above with respect to steps S306 and S308 in fig. 3, the controller 106 may generate corresponding USP records USPR1, SPR2, USPR3, and USPR 4. Although example embodiments are discussed with respect to monotonically increasing sequence _ id numbers, any manner of maintaining the order of USP records may be used.

Also in step S518, the controller 102 sets a payload SAR state and a payload recording SAR state for each of the generated USP records USPR1, USPR2, USPR3, and USPR 4.

In this example, for the first USP record in the sequence USPR1 (including payload segment PR1_ SEG1), the payload SAR state (payload _ SAR _ state) is set to "start" and the payload SAR state payload _ rec _ SAR _ state is set to "unused". For the second USP record in the sequence, USPR2 (comprising payload segment PR2_ SEG1), the payload SAR state is set to "in process" and the payload record SAR state is set to "start". For the third USP record in the sequence, USPR3 (comprising payload segment PR2_ SEG2), the payload SAR state is set to "in process" and the payload record SAR state is set to "in process". For the fourth USP record in the sequence USPR4 (comprising payload segment PR2_ SEG3), the payload SAR state is set to "complete" and the payload record SAR state is set to "complete".

The USP records USPR1, USPR2, USPR3, and USPR4 are then stored in the outgoing USP record transfer buffer at step S310 of FIG. 3 for ordered transfer to the agent 106.

Through the process illustrated in FIG. 5, the controller 102 generates a sequence of USP records, each of which has a size less than or equal to the smallest MTU in the MTPs between the controller 102 and the agent 106. Accordingly, the likelihood that transmission of USP records is blocked and/or discarded may be reduced.

At the proxy 106, upon receiving the transmitted sequence of USP records (including the segmented payload portion) from the controller 102, the proxy 106 processes the received USP records to reassemble the segmented payload portion and then recovers the original (or transmitted) USP message.

FIG. 4A is a flow diagram illustrating an example embodiment of a method for processing a received USP record of payload segments including segmented payload portions. For purposes of example, the example embodiment shown in fig. 4A will again be described with respect to a session context established between the controller 102 and the proxy 106. However, it should be understood that example embodiments should not be limited to this example. Further, the example embodiment shown in FIG. 4A will be described with reference to the receipt of USP records processed according to the fragmentation process discussed above with respect to FIGS. 3-5. However, it should be understood that without performing steps S42-S48 in fig. 4A, an unsegmented USP record (e.g., a USP record with a payload SAR state set to "no segmentation" and a payload SAR state set to "unused") received at the proxy 106 may be processed as discussed with respect to step S410 in fig. 4A.

Referring to fig. 4A, in response to receiving a USP record having a payload SAR state (payload _ SAR _ state) set to "start" at step S42, the proxy 106 stores the received USP record in a received USP record buffer at step S44.

At step S45, the proxy 106 checks the payload SAR status and the payload record SAR status (payload _ rec _ SAR _ state) for the next received USP record.

At step S46, if neither the payload SAR status nor the payload record SAR status for the next received USP record is set to "complete" (at least one of the payload SAR status and the payload record SAR status for the next received USP record is set to "start" or in process "), then the process returns to step S44, at step S44, to store the next received USP record in the received USP record buffer. The process then proceeds as described herein.

Returning to step S46, if both the payload SAR status and the payload record SAR status for the next received USP record are set to "complete," then in step S47 the proxy 106 stores the next received USP record in the received USP record buffer.

The proxy 106 then processes the payload portion of each of the buffered USP records to reassemble and recover the original payload portion prior to segmentation at the controller 102 at step S48. According to at least some example embodiments, the proxy 106 processes the payload portion of the USP records stored in the receive USP record buffer according to the monotonically increasing sequence _ id number of the USP records from smallest to largest to reassemble a larger payload portion representing the original USP message sent by the controller 102. An example embodiment of the processing in step S48 will be discussed in more detail below with respect to fig. 4B.

In step S410, the proxy 106 processes (e.g., decodes and/or decrypts as needed) the reassembled payload portion to recover the USP message from the controller 102. In one example, the proxy 106 may process the reassembled payload portion according to the TR-369 protocol to recover the original USP message.

FIG. 4A will now be discussed in more detail with respect to the example given above, in which USP records USPR1, USPR2, USPR3, and USPR4 are sent in order by the controller 102 to the agent 106.

Referring to fig. 4A, upon receiving the first USP record USPR1 having the payload SAR status set to "start" (step S42), the proxy 106 stores the first USP record USPR1 in the receiving USP record buffer (step S44).

Then, the proxy 106 checks whether both the payload SAR status for the next USP record USPR2 and the payload record SAR status are set to "complete" (step S45). Since, in this example, the next USP record USPR2 includes the payload SAR status set to "in process" and the payload record SAR status set to "start" (step S46), the proxy 106 stores the USP record USPR2 in the receiving USP record buffer (step S44).

Then, the proxy 106 checks whether both the payload SAR state for the next USP record USPR3 and the payload record SAR state are set to "complete" (step S45). Since the next USP record USPR3 includes the payload SAR status set to "in process" and the payload record SAR status set to "in process" (step S46), the proxy 106 again stores the USP record USPR3 in the receiving USP record buffer (step S44).

Then, the proxy 106 checks whether both the payload SAR state for the next USP record USPR4 and the payload record SAR state are set to "complete" (step S45). Since the next USP record USPR4 includes the payload SAR state and the payload record SAR state set to "complete" (step S46), all agents 106 store the fourth USP record USPR4 in the receiving USP record buffer (step S47), and then begin processing the payload portions of the USP records USPR1, USPR2, USPR3 and USPR4 stored in the receiving USP record buffer to reassemble the original payload portion (representing the original USP message) (step S48) before fragmentation at the controller 102.

The proxy 106 then processes (e.g., decodes and/or decrypts as necessary) the reassembled payload portion to recover the original USP message included therein (step S410).

FIG. 4B is a flowchart illustrating an example embodiment of a method of processing buffered USP records in step S48 of FIG. 4A.

Referring to FIG. 4B, in step S482, the proxy 106 processes the first USP record stored in the receive USP record buffer. In this example, the proxy 106 processes the USP record with the lowest sequence _ id number among the buffered USP records.

If the payload record SAR status of the current USP record is not set to "unused" at step S483 or not set to "complete" at step S484, the proxy 106 adds the payload segment to the payload segment buffer at step S4814. The proxy 106 then processes the next buffered USP record in the sequence (e.g., the buffered USP record with the next sequence id number in the monotonically increasing sequence number) in step S4816, and the process returns to step S484.

If the SAR status for the payload record of the current USP record is set to "complete" in step S484, the proxy 106 appends the payload segment obtained from the current USP record to the payload segment buffer in step S485 and begins processing one or more buffered payload segments to reassemble the payload record from the original payload portion prior to segmentation in step S486. Then, the proxy 106 appends the reassembled payload record in the payload record buffer in S488.

In step S4810, the proxy 106 checks whether the payload SAR status recorded for the most recently processed (or current) USP in the sequence is set to "complete".

If the payload SAR status for the most recently processed USP record in the sequence is not set to "complete," the process proceeds to step S4816 and continues as described above.

Returning to step S4810, if the payload SAR status of the most recently processed USP record in the sequence is set to "complete," the process proceeds to step S410 in fig. 4A, where the reassembled payload portion (the payload record stored in the payload record buffer) is processed (e.g., decoded and/or decrypted as necessary) to recover the original USP message.

Returning now to step S483 in fig. 4B, if the payload record SAR of the first USP record in the buffer is set to "unused", the proxy 106 determines that the USP record includes an unsegmented payload record (e.g., the payload segment includes a payload record). In this example, the process proceeds to step S488, where the proxy 106 stores the payload record in the payload record buffer in step S488. The process then proceeds as described above.

Fig. 4A, 4B will now be discussed in more detail with respect to the example given above, in which USP records USPR1, USPR2, USPR3 and USPR4 are sent in order by the controller 102 to the agent 106.

Referring to fig. 4B, the proxy 106 processes the first USP record USPR1 in the sequence to obtain a payload segment PR1_ SEG1 (step S482).

Since the payload record SAR status for the USP record USPR1 is set to "unused" (step S483), the proxy 106 stores the payload record PR _1 (included as payload segment PR1_ SEG1) in the payload record buffer (step S488).

Since the payload SAR status for the first USP record USPR1 is set to "start" instead of "complete" (step S4810), the proxy 106 processes the next USP record USPR2 to obtain the payload segment PR2_ SEG1 (step S4816).

Because the payload record SAR status for the second USP record USPR2 is set to "start", rather than "unused" (step S483) or "complete" (step S484), the proxy 106 appends the payload segment PR2_ SEG1 to the payload segment buffer (step S4818) and processes the next USP record USPR3 to obtain the payload segment PR2_ SEG2 (step S4816).

Because the payload record SAR status for the USP record USPR3 is set to "in process", rather than "unused" (step S483) or "complete" (step S484), the proxy 106 appends the payload segment PR2_ SEG2 to the payload segment buffer of the payload segment PR2_ SEG1 (step S4814) and processes the next USP record USPR4 to obtain the payload segment PR2_ SEG3 (step S4816).

Since the payload record SAR status for the USP record USPR4 is set to "complete" (step S484), the proxy 106 appends the payload segment PR2_ SEG3 to the payload segments PR2_ SEG1 and PR2_ SEG2 already in the payload segment buffer (step S485) to obtain the second payload record PR _2 (step S486).

Then, the agent 106 stores the obtained second payload record PR _2 in the payload record buffer (step S488).

Still referring to FIG. 4B, since the payload SAR status of USPR4 is also set to "complete" for USP recording, the process proceeds to step S410 of FIG. 4A, where the reassembled payload portion P of payload records PR _1 and PR _2 included in the payload recording buffer is processed (e.g., decoded and/or decrypted as needed) in step S410.

FIG. 2 depicts a high-level block diagram of a computer, computing or electronic device suitable for implementing, among other things, originating and receiving USP endpoints (e.g., proxies and controllers), and gateways, MTP proxies and gateways, etc.

Referring to fig. 2, computer 1000 includes one or more processors 1002 (e.g., a Central Processing Unit (CPU) or other suitable processor) and memory 1004 (e.g., Random Access Memory (RAM), Read Only Memory (ROM), etc.). Computer 1000 may also include a collaboration module/process 1005. The collaboration process 1005 may be loaded into memory 1004 and executed by processor 1002 to implement functions as discussed herein, thus, the collaboration process 1005 (including associated data structures) may be stored in a computer readable storage medium (e.g., RAM memory, magnetic or optical drive or diskette, and the like). At the originating end, memory 1004 may include a payload transmission buffer, an outgoing transmission buffer, and the like. At the receiving endpoint, the memory 1004 may include buffer memory, such as a receive USP record buffer, an outgoing transport buffer, a payload segmentation buffer, and so forth.

The computer 1000 may also include one or more input/output devices 1006 (e.g., a user input device such as a keyboard, keypad, mouse, etc.), a user output device such as a display, speakers, etc., an input port, an output port, a receiver, a transmitter, one or more storage devices (e.g., a tape drive, a floppy drive, a hard disk drive, an optical disk drive, etc.), among others, as well as various combinations thereof).

Although discussed herein with respect to an example in which the controller 102 functions as an originating USP endpoint and the proxy 106 functions as a receiving USP endpoint, example embodiments should not be limited to this example. Instead, the proxy 106 may function as an originating USP endpoint (e.g., configured to perform the functionality discussed above with respect to figures 3 and 5 in addition to the functionality discussed above with respect to figures 4A and 4B), and the controller 102 may function as a receiving USP endpoint (e.g., configured to perform the functionality discussed with respect to figures 4A and 4B in addition to the functionality discussed above with respect to figures 3 and 5). That is, for example, each of the controller 102 and the agent 106 may have the functionality discussed herein with respect to fig. 1-3, 4A, 4B, and 5.

Although the example embodiments herein are discussed primarily with respect to a USP message represented by a payload portion at an originating USP endpoint, followed by a message recovered at a receiving USP endpoint, the example embodiments should not be limited to this example. Rather, the payload portion may include and/or carry any originating payload information (e.g., TLS records required for TLS handshaking, etc.).

Although the terms first, second, etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. For example, a first element could be termed a second element, and, similarly, a second element could be termed a first element, without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

When an element is referred to as being "connected" or "coupled" to another element, it can be directly connected or coupled to the other element or intervening elements may be present. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being "directly connected" or "directly coupled" to another element, there are no intervening elements present. Other words used to describe the relationship between elements (e.g., "between," directly between, "" adjacent "directly adjacent," etc.) should be interpreted in a similar manner.

The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises," "comprising," "includes" and/or "including," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.

It should also be noted that, in some alternative implementations, the noted functionality/acts may occur out of the order noted in the figures. For example, two figures shown in succession may, in fact, be executed substantially concurrently, or the figures may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality/acts involved.

In the following description, specific details are provided to provide a thorough understanding of example embodiments. However, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the example embodiments may be practiced without these specific details. For example, systems may be shown in block diagrams in order not to obscure the example embodiments in unnecessary detail. In other instances, well-known processes, structures and techniques may be shown without unnecessary detail in order to avoid obscuring example embodiments.

As discussed herein, the illustrative embodiments will be described with reference to acts and symbolic representations of operations (e.g., in the form of flow diagrams, dataflow diagrams, structure diagrams, block diagrams, etc.) that may be implemented as program modules or functional processes including routines, programs, objects, components, data structures, etc., that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types and that may be implemented using existing hardware, for example, on existing endpoints, clients, gateways, nodes, proxies, controllers, computers, cloud-based servers, web servers, proxies or proxy servers, application servers, etc. As discussed later, such existing hardware may include, among other things: in particular, one or more Central Processing Units (CPUs), system on a chip (SOC) devices, Digital Signal Processors (DSPs), application specific integrated circuits, Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) computers, and the like.

Although a flowchart may describe the operations as a sequential process, many of the operations can be performed in parallel, concurrently, or simultaneously. In addition, the order of the operations may be rearranged. A process may terminate upon completion of its operations, but may also have other steps not included in the figure. A process may correspond to a method, a function, a procedure, a subroutine, a subprogram, etc. When a process corresponds to a function, its termination may correspond to a return of the function to the calling function or the main function.

As disclosed herein, the terms "storage medium," "computer-readable storage medium," or "non-transitory computer-readable storage medium" may represent one or more devices for storing data, including Read Only Memory (ROM), Random Access Memory (RAM), magnetic RAM, core memory, magnetic disk storage media, optical storage media, flash memory devices, and/or other tangible machine-readable media for storing information. The term "computer-readable medium" can include, but is not limited to portable or fixed storage devices, optical storage devices, and various other media capable of storing, containing, or carrying instruction(s) and/or data.

Furthermore, example embodiments may be implemented by hardware, software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description languages, or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, firmware, middleware or microcode, the program code or code segments to perform the necessary tasks may be stored in a machine or computer readable medium such as a computer readable storage medium. When implemented in software, the one or more processors will perform the necessary tasks.

A code segment may represent a procedure, a function, a subprogram, a program, a routine, a subroutine, a module, a software package, a class, or any combination of instructions, data structures, or program statements. A code segment may be coupled to another code segment or a hardware circuit by passing and/or receiving information, data, arguments, parameters, or memory contents. Information, arguments, parameters, data, etc. may be passed, forwarded, or transmitted via any suitable means including memory sharing, message passing, token passing, network transmission, etc.

The terms including and/or having, as used herein, are defined as comprising (i.e., open language). The term "coupled," as used herein, is defined as connected, although not necessarily directly, and not necessarily mechanically. Terms derived from the word "indicate" (e.g., "indicates" and "indication") are intended to encompass all of the various techniques that may be used to communicate or reference the indicated object/information. Some, but not all examples of indicated available technologies that may be used to transfer or reference objects/information include: the communication of the indicated object/information, the communication of an identifier of the indicated object/information, the communication of the indicated information for generating the object/information, the communication of some portion or portion of the indicated object/information, the communication of some derivation of the indicated object/information, the communication of some symbol representing the indicated object/information.

According to example embodiments, a client, gateway, node, proxy controller, computer, cloud-based server, web server, application server, proxy or proxy server, etc. may be (or include) hardware, firmware, hardware executing software, or any combination thereof. Such hardware may include one or more Central Processing Units (CPUs), system-on-a-chip (SOC) devices, Digital Signal Processors (DSPs), Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), and the like, configured as special-purpose machines to perform the functions described herein, as well as any other well-known functions for these elements. In at least some instances, CPUs, SOCs, DSPs, ASICs and FPGAs can be generally referred to as processing circuits, processors and/or microprocessors.

Endpoints, clients, gateways, nodes, proxies, controllers, computers, cloud-based servers, network servers, application servers, proxies or proxy servers, and the like can also include various interfaces including one or more transmitters/receivers connected to one or more antennas, computer readable media, and (optionally) a display device. The one or more interfaces may be configured to transmit/receive (wired and/or wirelessly) data or control signals to/from one or more network elements (such as switches, gateways, end nodes, controllers, servers, clients, etc.) over respective data and control planes or interfaces.

Benefits, other advantages, and solutions to problems have been described above with regard to specific embodiments of the present invention. The benefits, advantages, solutions to problems, and any element(s) that may cause or result in such benefits, advantages, or solutions, or cause such benefits, advantages, or solutions to become more pronounced, however, are not to be construed as a critical, required, or essential feature or element of any or all the claims.

Reference will now be made in detail to the embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout. In this regard, example embodiments may have different forms and should not be construed as limited to the description set forth herein. Accordingly, the exemplary embodiments are described below to explain the exemplary embodiments of the present specification by referring to the figures only. Aspects of the various embodiments are specified in the claims.