阅读说明：本技术 减少摩擦的立式刀塔 (Vertical turret for reducing friction ) 是由 林坚勇 于 2019-11-20 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种减少摩擦的立式刀塔,涉及刀塔技术领域,其技术方案要点是：包括底座、设置于底座上的箱体和齿轮箱,箱体转动设置于底座上,锁紧齿轮能同时与动齿盘、定齿盘啮合；齿轮箱设置有伺服电机、传动机构,所述伺服电机通过传动机构驱使箱体转动；箱体、底座通过设置于两者间的推力轴承建立转动连接,推力轴承通过上承载面支撑箱体的重量；当脱锁腔进油使锁紧齿盘向上移动时,锁紧齿盘克服箱体的重力向上抬升推力轴承。本立式刀塔转动时的阻力较小,降低了对伺服电机的功率需求,利于设备的节能化、小型化；本立式刀塔在不换刀时,推力轴承的受力较小,其使用寿命较长,传动机构的减速比高,紧凑性好。(The invention discloses a vertical turret for reducing friction, which relates to the technical field of turrets and adopts the technical scheme that: the locking gear can be simultaneously meshed with a movable fluted disc and a fixed fluted disc; the gearbox is provided with a servo motor and a transmission mechanism, and the servo motor drives the box body to rotate through the transmission mechanism; the box body and the base are rotationally connected through a thrust bearing arranged between the box body and the base, and the thrust bearing supports the weight of the box body through an upper bearing surface; when the oil enters the unlocking cavity to enable the locking fluted disc to move upwards, the locking fluted disc overcomes the gravity of the box body to lift the thrust bearing upwards. The resistance of the vertical turret during rotation is small, the power requirement on a servo motor is reduced, and the energy conservation and miniaturization of equipment are facilitated; when the vertical tool turret does not change tools, the thrust bearing is less stressed, the service life of the vertical tool turret is longer, the deceleration ratio of the transmission mechanism is high, and the compactness is good.)

1. The utility model provides a reduce frictional vertical tool turret, includes base (1), sets up box (3) and gear box (2) on base (1), box (3) rotate to set up on base (1), gear box (2) are fixed with base (1), box (3) are fixed with movable fluted disc (32), a plurality of blade holders (31) that supply the cutter installation, base (1) are fixed with fixed fluted disc (13), be equipped with hydraulic pressure chamber (8) between base (1), box (3), it is provided with locking fluted disc (81) to slide along vertical direction in hydraulic pressure chamber (8), locking fluted disc (81) are separated hydraulic pressure chamber (8) for locking chamber (83) that are located the top, be located the below and take off lock chamber (84), base (1) outer wall is equipped with and locks chamber (83), takes off the hydraulic pressure oil duct (85) that lock chamber (84) communicate respectively, when the locking fluted disc (81) moves downwards, the locking gear can be meshed with the movable fluted disc (32) and the fixed fluted disc (13) simultaneously; the gearbox (2) is provided with a servo motor (5) and a transmission mechanism, and the servo motor (5) drives the box body (3) to rotate through the transmission mechanism; the method is characterized in that:

the box body (3) and the base (1) are rotatably connected through a thrust bearing (4) arranged between the box body and the base, the thrust bearing (4) supports the weight of the box body (3) through an upper bearing surface, and the locking fluted disc (81) is positioned below the thrust bearing (4); when the oil in the unlocking cavity (84) enables the locking fluted disc (81) to move upwards, the locking fluted disc (81) overcomes the gravity of the box body (3) to lift the thrust bearing (4) upwards.

2. The reduced friction vertical turret of claim 1, wherein: an elastic gasket (41) is arranged between the upper bearing surface of the thrust bearing (4) and the box body (3) in a cushioning mode, or an elastic gasket (41) is arranged between the lower bearing surface of the thrust bearing (4) and the locking fluted disc (81) in a cushioning mode.

3. The reduced friction vertical turret of claim 2, wherein: the elastic gasket (41) is a wave-shaped gasket.

4. The reduced friction vertical turret of claim 2, wherein: a limiting block (21) is fixed on the outer wall of the gear box (2), a limiting groove (33) for the limiting block (21) to be embedded into is formed in the inner wall of the box body (3), and the limiting groove (33) is an annular groove; when the box body (3) rotates, the limiting block (21) rotates in the limiting groove (33), and the limiting block (21) limits the box body (3) to move along the vertical direction through the limiting groove (33).

5. The reduced friction vertical turret of claim 1, wherein: the driving ring (82) used for driving the locking fluted disc (81) to move upwards is arranged in the unlocking cavity (84), the driving ring (82) is located at the upper end of the unlocking cavity (84), the top wall of the driving ring (82) is used for being in contact with the bottom wall of the locking fluted disc (81), and the driving ring (82) is sealed with the unlocking cavity (84) through sealing rings arranged on the outer ring wall and the inner ring wall.

6. The reduced friction vertical turret of claim 1, wherein: the bottom surface of the base (1) is provided with a mounting hole (11) for the servo motor (5) to enter, and the servo motor (5) is located in the mounting hole (11).

7. The reduced friction vertical turret of claim 6, wherein: and the axis of the rotating shaft of the servo motor (5) is superposed with the axis of rotation of the box body (3).

8. The reduced friction vertical turret of claim 1, wherein: an output shaft of the servo motor (5) is coaxially fixed with a driving gear (51); the transmission mechanism comprises a first speed reducing mechanism (6), the first speed reducing mechanism (6) comprises a fixed gear disc (61) fixed with the gear box (2), an output rotating member (62) rotatably arranged in the gear box (2), and a plurality of planetary gears (63) rotatably arranged on the output rotating member (62); the fixed gear disc (61) is an internal gear disc, the axes of the driving gear (51), the fixed gear disc (61) and the output rotating piece (62) are coaxial, the planetary gears (63) are distributed along the circumferential direction of the driving gear (51), the planetary gears (63) are meshed with the driving gear (51) and the fixed gear disc (61) simultaneously, and the output rotating piece (62) is used for driving the box body (3) to rotate.

9. The reduced friction vertical turret of claim 8, wherein: drive mechanism still includes second reduction gears (7), second reduction gears (7) include and rotate first gear (71) of coaxial fixed of piece (62), rotate and set up in second gear (72) of gear box (2), with fixed driven fluted disc (73) of box (3) with the output, driven fluted disc (73) are the internal tooth dish, the axis of driven fluted disc (73) and the axis of rotation coincidence of box (3), second gear (72) are located between first gear (71) and driven fluted disc (73), second gear (72) mesh with first gear (71), driven fluted disc (73) simultaneously.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of turrets, in particular to a vertical turret capable of reducing friction.

Background

A turret, also known as a tool rest, is a general name of an automatic tool changer and a tool driving device of a numerical control machine tool, is commonly used in a machining center, and is one of core components of the machining center. A plurality of cutters can be arranged on the cutter tower along the circumferential direction of the cutter head, and the cutters can be automatically changed by program control. The vertical tool turret is a tool turret with a rotating axis along the vertical direction when a tool is changed.

The Chinese patent application with the prior application publication number of CN102319908A discloses a vertical servo numerical control knife rest, which is provided with a box body, a large transmission gear ring, a motor gear, a servo motor and three groups of duplicate gears, wherein the large transmission gear ring, the motor gear, the servo motor and the three groups of duplicate gears are arranged in the box body, the servo motor is arranged in the gear box in the box body and is installed in an inverted manner, an output optical axis of the servo motor is connected with the motor gear, the duplicate gears are of a three-group and integrated structure, the motor gear is meshed with a first group of duplicate gear, a third group of duplicate gear is meshed with the large transmission gear ring arranged on the inner side of the box body, a second group of duplicate gear is positioned between the duplicate gears and the duplicate gears, and the second group of duplicate gears is respectively meshed.

A locking fluted disc and an oil cylinder hydraulic cavity are arranged between the flange plate and the main shaft, the oil cylinder hydraulic cavity is positioned on the upper side and the lower side of the locking fluted disc, hydraulic oil is arranged in the oil cylinder hydraulic cavity, a movable fluted disc and a fixed fluted disc are arranged at the bottom of the locking fluted disc, the movable fluted disc is sleeved on the fixed fluted disc, and the movable fluted disc is meshed with the fixed fluted disc. The box body is tightly connected with the movable fluted disc through bolts, and the movable fluted disc is matched with the inner round surface of the box body to support the box body to rotate. The unlocking and locking system controls the stroke of the locking fluted disc in the oil cylinder through hydraulic oil so as to achieve the unlocking and locking of the servo tool rest.

The above prior art solutions have the following drawbacks: when the locking fluted disc is driven by hydraulic pressure to be separated from the movable fluted disc and the fixed fluted disc, the box body can rotate relative to the base to exchange tools. The box is equipped with blade holder and cutter and has great dead weight, and during the tool changing, the top surface of base still supports there is great box weight, and when the box rotated on the base, great resistance had between both contact surfaces, leads to the box to use great powerful motor drive to rotate, is unfavorable for energy-conservation, the miniaturization of equipment.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the vertical turret for reducing friction, so that the power requirement on a servo motor is reduced, and the energy conservation and miniaturization of equipment are facilitated.

The technical purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a vertical tool turret capable of reducing friction comprises a base, a box body and a gear box, wherein the box body and the gear box are arranged on the base, the gear box is arranged on the base in a rotating mode, the gear box is fixed to the base, a movable fluted disc and a plurality of tool holders for installing tools are fixed to the box body, a fixed fluted disc is fixed to the base, a hydraulic cavity is arranged between the base and the box body, a locking fluted disc is arranged in the hydraulic cavity in a sliding mode along the vertical direction, the locking fluted disc divides the hydraulic cavity into a locking cavity located above and an unlocking cavity located below, a hydraulic oil duct which is respectively communicated with the locking cavity and the unlocking cavity is arranged on the outer wall of the base, and when the locking fluted disc moves downwards, a locking gear can be meshed with the movable; the gearbox is provided with a servo motor and a transmission mechanism, and the servo motor drives the box body to rotate through the transmission mechanism;

the box body and the base are rotationally connected through a thrust bearing arranged between the box body and the base, the thrust bearing supports the weight of the box body through an upper bearing surface, and the locking fluted disc is positioned below the thrust bearing; when the oil enters the unlocking cavity to enable the locking fluted disc to move upwards, the locking fluted disc overcomes the gravity of the box body to lift the thrust bearing upwards.

Through above-mentioned technical scheme, when not changing the knife, bear most box weight by the base top surface. When the oil is fed into the unlocking cavity and the oil is drained from the locking cavity to enable the locking fluted disc to move upwards, the locking fluted disc releases the locking of the movable fluted disc and the fixed fluted disc, the locking fluted disc lifts the thrust bearing, the gravity of the box body borne by the thrust bearing in the upward moving process is increased, and the pressure between the box body and the top surface of the base is reduced. When the box body rotates relative to the base, the pressure of the box body acting on the top surface of the base is relieved due to the upward movement of the locking fluted disc, so that the rotation resistance between the box body and the base is reduced, and the rotation resistance of the thrust bearing is changed slightly in the process.

After the box rotates and finishes tool changing, the locking fluted disc is moved downwards by the oil inlet of the locking cavity and the oil drainage of the unlocking cavity, the locking fluted disc is meshed with the movable fluted disc and the fixed fluted disc simultaneously, the box is limited to rotate relative to the base, meanwhile, most of weight of the box is born by the top surface of the base again, and the pressure borne by the thrust bearing is reduced. When the tool turret does not change tools, the thrust bearing is stressed less, and the service life of the tool turret can be prolonged. The box body of the vertical turret rotates, so that the power requirement on the servo motor and the performance requirement on the thrust bearing are reduced, and the energy conservation and the miniaturization of equipment are facilitated.

Preferably, an elastic gasket is arranged between the upper bearing surface of the thrust bearing and the box body in a cushioning mode, or an elastic gasket is arranged between the lower bearing surface of the thrust bearing and the locking fluted disc in a cushioning mode.

Through the technical scheme, the locking fluted disc lifts the thrust bearing, the elastic gasket is compressed in the process of moving up the thrust bearing, and the thrust bearing and the elastic gasket bear larger box body gravity. The elastic gasket has a deformation space, and the force borne by the elastic gasket is larger as the elastic gasket is further flattened. The elastic gasket plays a role in buffering and prevents impact noise and structural damage.

Preferably, the elastic gasket is a wave gasket.

Through the technical scheme, the wave-shaped gasket is also called as a wave-shaped gasket and a wave-shaped spring, the wave-shaped gasket can provide enough elasticity while saving height and space, and can also deform under the action of pressure; the wave-shaped gasket has better shock-absorbing and elastic properties.

Preferably, a limiting block is fixed on the outer wall of the gear box, a limiting groove for the limiting block to be embedded into is formed in the inner wall of the box body, and the limiting groove is an annular groove; when the box body rotates, the limiting block rotates in the limiting groove, and the limiting block limits the box body to move in the vertical direction through the limiting groove.

Through the technical scheme, the limiting block limits the box body to move in the vertical direction through the limiting groove, and when the thrust bearing is lifted upwards by the locking fluted disc, the box body cannot move upwards, so that the rotating fit is not influenced by dust entering between the box body and the base easily; on the other hand, obvious axial sliding cannot be generated between the gear teeth meshed with the transmission mechanism, and the gear teeth of the transmission mechanism are not easy to damage.

Preferably, a driving ring for driving the locking fluted disc to move upwards is arranged in the unlocking cavity, the driving ring is positioned at the upper end of the unlocking cavity, the top wall of the driving ring is used for contacting with the bottom wall of the locking fluted disc, and the driving ring establishes sealing with the unlocking cavity through sealing rings arranged on the outer annular wall and the inner annular wall.

Through the technical scheme, the driving ring is adopted to drive the locking fluted disc to move, the shape of the driving ring is simpler than that of the locking fluted disc, and the sealing between the driving ring and the unlocking cavity is easier to establish.

Preferably, the bottom surface of the base is provided with a mounting hole for the servo motor to enter, and the servo motor is located in the mounting hole.

Through the technical scheme, the servo motor is close to the bottom of the base in the vertical direction as much as possible, so that the space utilization rate of the servo motor to the cutter tower is high, and the cutter tower is smaller in height and more compact in structure.

Preferably, the axis of the rotating shaft of the servo motor coincides with the axis of the rotating shaft of the box body.

Through above-mentioned technical scheme, servo motor itself has great dead weight, sets up servo motor on the axis of rotation of box, makes the focus of sword tower be close to the center as far as possible, and the stability after the installation of sword tower is accomplished is good.

Preferably, an output shaft of the servo motor is coaxially fixed with a driving gear; the transmission mechanism comprises a first speed reducing mechanism, and the first speed reducing mechanism comprises a fixed gear disc fixed with the gear box, an output rotating part rotationally arranged in the gear box, and a plurality of planetary gears rotationally arranged on the output rotating part; the fixed fluted disc is the inner fluted disc, the axis that driving gear, fixed fluted disc, output rotated the piece is coaxial, planetary gear distributes along the circumference of driving gear, planetary gear simultaneously with driving gear, fixed fluted disc meshing, the output rotated the piece and is used for ordering about the box rotation.

Through the technical scheme, the first speed reducing mechanism is a planetary speed reducing mechanism, a large speed reducing ratio can be generated, and the rotating speed output by the servo motor is reduced. And the output shaft and the input shaft of the first speed reducing mechanism are coaxial, so that a subsequent transmission structure is convenient to set.

Preferably, drive mechanism still includes second reduction gears, second reduction gears include and rotate coaxial fixed first gear, rotation with the output and set up in the second gear of gear box, with the fixed driven fluted disc of box, the driven fluted disc is the internal tooth dish, the axis of driven fluted disc and the axis of rotation coincidence of box, the second gear is located between first gear and the driven fluted disc, the second gear simultaneously with first gear, the meshing of driven fluted disc.

Through the technical scheme, the second speed reducing mechanism generates the speed reducing ratio in the transmission process. Because the first speed reducing mechanism and the second speed reducing mechanism are connected to form two-stage speed reduction, the rotation of the output end of the servo motor after being transmitted to the box body is slow, and the safety performance requirement during tool changing is met.

In summary, compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:

1. the resistance of the vertical turret during rotation is small, the power requirement on a servo motor is reduced, and the energy conservation and miniaturization of equipment are facilitated;

2. when the vertical tool turret does not change tools, the thrust bearing is less stressed, and the service life of the vertical tool turret is longer;

3. the speed reduction ratio of the transmission mechanism of the vertical knife tower is high, and the compactness is good.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an embodiment of a friction reducing vertical turret;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of FIG. 1 at A;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view C-C of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of FIG. 1 at B;

FIG. 5 is a partial view of the embodiment, which mainly highlights the positions of the locking fluted disc, the thrust bearing, the elastic gasket and the components fixed with the box body.

In the figure, 1, a base; 2. a gear case; 3. a box body; 31. a tool apron; 4. a thrust bearing; 5. a servo motor; 11. mounting holes; 51. a driving gear; 12. a bottom cover; 6. a first speed reduction mechanism; 7. a second reduction mechanism; 61. fixing a gear disc; 62. an output rotating member; 63. a planetary gear; 631. a drive shaft; 71. a first gear; 72. a second gear; 73. a driven fluted disc; 32. a movable fluted disc; 13. a fixed gear disc; 8. a hydraulic chamber; 81. a locking fluted disc; 82. a drive ring; 83. a locking cavity; 84. an unlocking chamber; 85. a hydraulic oil passage; 21. a limiting block; 33. a limiting groove; 41. an elastic pad.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to fig. 1, the vertical turret for reducing friction disclosed by the invention comprises a base 1, a gear box 2 and a box body 3, wherein the gear box 2 and the box body 3 are arranged on the base 1, and a plurality of tool holders 31 for mounting tools are arranged on the outer wall of the box body 3 along the circumferential direction. The gear box 2 is fixed on the top surface of the base 1, the box body 3 is sleeved outside the gear box 2, the box body 3 is rotatably connected with the base 1 through a thrust bearing 4 arranged between the box body and the base, the rotating axis of the box body 3 is vertical, and the thrust bearing 4 supports the weight of the box body 3 through an upper bearing surface. The gear box 2 is provided with a servo motor 5 and a transmission mechanism, and the servo motor 5 drives the box body 3 to rotate through the transmission mechanism.

The mounting hole 11 that supplies servo motor 5 to get into is seted up to the bottom surface of base 1, and mounting hole 11 is located the center of base 1, and servo motor 5 is located mounting hole 11, and servo motor 5's output shaft is vertical upwards, and its output shaft coaxial fixation has driving gear 51, and servo motor 5's pivot axis coincides with the axis of rotation of box 3. A bottom cover 12 is fixed to the bottom surface of the base 1 by bolts, and the bottom cover 12 closes the opening of the mounting hole 11.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the transmission mechanism includes a first speed reduction mechanism 6 and a second speed reduction mechanism 7, and the first speed reduction mechanism 6 and the second speed reduction mechanism 7 are connected to form a two-stage speed reduction. The first reduction mechanism 6 includes a fixed sprocket 61 fixed to the gear case 2, an output rotary member 62 rotatably provided in the gear case 2, and a plurality of planetary gears 63 rotatably provided on the output rotary member 62. The output rotating part 62 is positioned above the fixed gear disc 61, and the output rotating part 62 is in rotating connection with the gear box 2 through a bearing; the planetary gear 63 is located below the output rotating member 62, and the planetary gear 63 and the output rotating member 62 are rotatably connected through a transmission shaft 631 and a bearing. The fixed gear disc 61 is an internal gear disc, the axes of the driving gear 51, the fixed gear disc 61 and the output rotating member 62 are coaxial, the driving gear 51, the fixed gear disc 61 and the planetary gear 63 are located at the same horizontal height, the planetary gear 63 is distributed along the circumferential direction of the driving gear 51, and the planetary gear 63 is meshed with the driving gear 51 and the fixed gear disc 61 simultaneously.

When the servo motor 5 is operated, the driving gear 51 rotates at a high speed, and due to the meshing action of the gear teeth, the driving gear 51 drives all the planetary gears 63 to rotate, the planetary gears 63 rotate around the axis of the driving gear 51 while rotating, and the planetary gears 63 drive the output rotary member 62 to rotate through the transmission shaft 631. The first speed reducing mechanism 6 generates a speed reducing ratio during transmission, the rotating speed output by the servo motor 5 is reduced, and the output rotating part 62 is a power output end of the first speed reducing mechanism 6 and is used for driving the box body 3 to rotate.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the second reduction mechanism 7 includes a first gear 71 fixed coaxially with the output rotor 62, a second gear 72 rotatably provided in the gear case 2, and a driven toothed disc 73 fixed to the case 3. The first gear 71 is positioned above the transmission shaft 631, and the first gear 71, the second gear 72 and the driven fluted disc 73 are positioned at the same height; the second gear 72 is rotatably connected to the gear case 2 by means of a shaft and a bearing. The driven toothed disc 73 is an internal toothed disc, the axis of the driven toothed disc 73 coincides with the rotation axis of the case 3, and the driven toothed disc 73 is fixed to the inner wall of the case 3 by bolts. The second gear 72 is located between the first gear 71 and the driven toothed disc 73, the second gear 72 being in mesh with both the first gear 71 and the driven toothed disc 73.

When the output rotation member 62 rotates, the first gear 71 drives the driven gear disk 73 to rotate through the second gear 72 due to the meshing effect of the gear teeth, the driven gear disk 73 further drives the box body 3 to rotate, and the second speed reduction mechanism 7 generates a speed reduction ratio in the transmission process. Because the first speed reducing mechanism 6 and the second speed reducing mechanism 7 are connected to form two-stage speed reduction, the rotation of the output end of the servo motor 5 after being transmitted to the box body 3 is slow, and the safety performance requirement during tool changing is met.

Referring to fig. 1 and 4, a movable toothed disc 32 is fixed on the case 3, a fixed toothed disc 13 is fixed on the base 1, the movable toothed disc 32 and the fixed toothed disc 13 are close to each other and located at the same height, the axes of the movable toothed disc 32 and the fixed toothed disc 13 are coincident with the rotation axis of the case 3, and the teeth of the movable toothed disc 32 and the fixed toothed disc 13 are both upward. Be equipped with hydraulic pressure chamber 8 between base 1, box 3, hydraulic pressure chamber 8 is close to fixed fluted disc 13, and the vertical direction slip is provided with locking fluted disc 81 and drive ring 82 in the hydraulic pressure chamber 8, and locking fluted disc 81 and drive ring 82 separate hydraulic pressure chamber 8 for being located the locking chamber 83 of locking fluted disc 81 top, be located the unlock chamber 84 of drive ring 82 below, and the base 1 outer wall is equipped with the hydraulic pressure oil duct 85 that communicates respectively with locking chamber 83, unlock chamber 84. The tooth portion of locking toothed plate 81 faces downward and faces movable toothed plate 32 and fixed toothed plate 13, and locking toothed plate 81 has a larger tooth width, and locking toothed plate 81 can mesh with movable toothed plate 32 and fixed toothed plate 13 at the same time.

The locking cavity 83 establishes a seal between the locking fluted disc 81 and the base 1 through sealing rings arranged at the upper end and the lower end, and the driving ring 82 establishes a seal with the unlocking cavity 84 through the sealing rings arranged on the outer annular wall and the inner annular wall. The driving ring 82 is located at the upper end of the unlocking cavity 84, the top wall of the driving ring 82 is used for contacting with the bottom wall of the locking fluted disc 81, when the hydraulic oil in the unlocking cavity 84 is increased, the driving ring 82 moves upwards, the driving ring 82 drives the locking fluted disc 81 to move upwards, the locking fluted disc 81 moves upwards and is separated from the movable fluted disc 32 and the fixed fluted disc 13, and the box body 3 can rotate relative to the base 1. When the locking cavity 83 is filled with oil and the locking cavity 84 releases oil to enable the locking fluted disc 81 to move downwards, the locking fluted disc 81 is meshed with the movable fluted disc 32 and the fixed fluted disc 13 simultaneously, the box body 3 cannot rotate relative to the base 1 at the moment, and the position of the tool apron 31 is reliably fixed.

Gear box 2's lateral wall integrated into one piece has stopper 21, and stopper 21 is the annular, and the inner wall of box 3 is equipped with the spacing groove 33 that supplies stopper 21 embedding, and spacing groove 33 specifically is formed between the roof of driven fluted disc 73, the interior roof of box 3, and spacing groove 33 is the annular. When the box body 3 rotates, the limiting block 21 rotates in the limiting groove 33, the groove width of the limiting groove 33 can be just embedded by the limiting block 21, and the limiting block 21 limits the box body 3 to move along the vertical direction through the limiting groove 33.

The locking toothed plate 81 is located below the thrust bearing 4, and the top surface of the locking toothed plate 81 can contact with the bottom surface of the thrust bearing 4. An elastic gasket 41 is padded between the upper bearing surface of the thrust bearing 4 and the box body 3, and the elastic gasket 41 is specifically a wave-shaped gasket. When the oil enters the unlocking cavity 84 and the oil is drained from the locking cavity 83 to enable the locking fluted disc 81 to move upwards, the locking fluted disc 81 lifts the thrust bearing 4, the elastic gasket 41 is compressed in the upward moving process of the thrust bearing 4, and the thrust bearing 4 and the elastic gasket 41 bear larger weight of the box body 3. In another embodiment, the elastic pad 41 is located between the lower bearing surface of the thrust bearing 4 and the locking toothed disc 81, and the function is the same as that described above, and will not be described herein.

The higher the oil pressure in the unlocking chamber 84 is, the higher the dead point position at which the locking toothed disc 81 moves upward is, and the flatter the elastic washer 41 is pressed, the greater the weight of the thrust bearing 4 bearing the case 3 is, and the smaller the pressure between the contact surfaces of the case 3 and the base 1 is. The thrust bearing 4 is a standard member in the form of rolling friction, and the rotational resistance thereof is less affected by the axial pressure.

Referring to fig. 1 and 5, the vertical turret has the following effects: when the box 3 rotates relative to the base 1, the upward movement of the locking fluted disc 81 relieves the pressure of the box 3 on the top surface of the base 1, and reduces the rotation resistance between the box 3 and the base 1. When the box body 3 rotates, the height of the box body 3 on the base 1 is not obviously lifted, the lifting height is less than 1mm, and the box body 3 and the base 1 are not easy to enter ash to influence the rotating fit due to the fit clearance of all parts; on the other hand, obvious axial sliding cannot be generated between the gear teeth meshed with the transmission mechanism, and the gear teeth of the transmission mechanism are not easy to damage.

After the box body 3 rotates to complete tool changing, the locking cavity 83 is filled with oil, oil is drained from the unlocking cavity 84 to enable the locking fluted disc 81 to move downwards, the locking fluted disc 81 is meshed with the movable fluted disc 32 and the fixed fluted disc 13 simultaneously, the box body 3 is limited to rotate relative to the base 1, meanwhile, most of the weight of the box body 3 is borne by the top surface of the base 1 again, the pressure borne by the thrust bearing 4 is reduced, and the pressure between the driving ring 82 and the locking fluted disc 81 is reduced or completely separated. When the tool turret does not change tools, the thrust bearing 4 and the driving ring 82 are stressed less, and the service life of the tool turret can be prolonged. The box body 3 of the vertical turret rotates, the power requirement on the servo motor 5 and the performance requirement on the thrust bearing 4 are reduced, and energy conservation and miniaturization of equipment are facilitated.

The embodiments of the present invention are preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited by these embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the invention are covered by the protection scope of the invention.