阅读说明：本技术 一种用于去除重金属离子污水处理器及处理方法 (Sewage treatment device and method for removing heavy metal ions ) 是由 陈旭 于 2019-11-11 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种去除重金属离子污水处理器,包括若干串联的交换机构、冲洗机构与加盐机构；所述交换机构包括交换罐,交换罐内设置至少一层交换树脂滤板,每一层交换树脂滤板从上至下依次包括阴离子电极板、离子交换树脂和阳离子电极板；所述冲洗机构包括可供应高压清水的冲洗管,在交换罐罐壁对应各交换树脂滤板安装；所述交换罐上安装加盐机构,所述加盐机构盛装盐类,通过输盐管与交换罐连通。本发明提高了置换的离子交换效率,延长了交换树脂使用寿命；通过冲洗与加盐机构结合,实现树脂重复利用和回收,降低了使用成本,克服了现有树脂价格高昂的问题；本发明的污水处理器组装灵活,适应性广,自动化程度高,值得推广。(The invention discloses a sewage treatment device for removing heavy metal ions, which comprises a plurality of exchange mechanisms, a flushing mechanism and a salt adding mechanism which are connected in series; the exchange mechanism comprises an exchange tank, at least one layer of exchange resin filter plate is arranged in the exchange tank, and each layer of exchange resin filter plate sequentially comprises an anion electrode plate, ion exchange resin and a cation electrode plate from top to bottom; the flushing mechanism comprises a flushing pipe capable of supplying high-pressure clear water, and the wall of the exchange tank is arranged corresponding to each exchange resin filter plate; the salt adding mechanism is arranged on the exchange tank and is used for containing salt and is communicated with the exchange tank through a salt conveying pipe. The invention improves the replacement ion exchange efficiency and prolongs the service life of the exchange resin; by combining the washing mechanism with the salt adding mechanism, the resin is recycled, the use cost is reduced, and the problem of high price of the existing resin is solved; the sewage treatment device is flexible to assemble, wide in adaptability, high in automation degree and worthy of popularization.)

1. The utility model provides a be used for getting rid of heavy metal ion sewage treatment ware which characterized in that: comprises a plurality of exchanging mechanisms, flushing mechanisms and salt adding mechanisms which are connected in series; the exchange mechanism comprises an exchange tank, at least one layer of exchange resin filter plate is arranged in the exchange tank, and each layer of exchange resin filter plate sequentially comprises an anion electrode plate, ion exchange resin and a cation electrode plate from top to bottom; the flushing mechanism comprises a flushing pipe capable of supplying high-pressure clear water, and the wall of the exchange tank is arranged corresponding to each exchange resin filter plate; the salt adding mechanism is arranged on the exchange tank and is used for containing salt solution and communicated with the exchange tank through a salt conveying pipe.

2. A wastewater treatment plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: the exchange resin filter plate is four layers, and the installation direction is perpendicular to the water flow direction and parallel to each other.

3. A wastewater treatment plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: the flushing pipe of the flushing mechanism comprises a flushing main pipe and a shunt pipe connected with the flushing main pipe; the shunt tubes are communicated with washing branch tubes and fixedly arranged on the side wall of the exchange tank corresponding to the exchange resin filter plates.

4. A wastewater treatment plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: the salt adding mechanism comprises a funnel, a salt conveying pipe communicated with the funnel, and a salt conveying valve which is arranged on the salt conveying pipe and used for opening or closing the salt conveying pipe, wherein the other end of the salt conveying pipe is communicated with the exchange mechanism.

5. A wastewater treatment plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: the exchange tank comprises a tank body with an upper opening and a cover body which is closed and covered on the upper opening of the tank body in a sealing way, the tank body and the cover body are detachably connected in a sealing way, and the salt adding mechanism is fixedly connected to the cover body.

6. A wastewater treatment plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: the drain pipe of each exchange mechanism is provided with a connecting flange for detachable connection.

7. A sewage treatment apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: the water inlet pipeline of the exchange mechanism and the flushing pipe of the flushing mechanism are both provided with program control valves, and the operation is controlled by the PLC component.

8. A method of treating wastewater using the wastewater treatment apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of: 1) determining the concentration of heavy metal ions in the sewage and selecting an exchange mechanism, and determining the number of the exchange mechanisms and the type of ion exchange resin which need to be connected in series according to the concentration of the heavy metal ions; 2) controlling sewage to enter an exchange mechanism and sequentially pass through an anion electrode plate, ion exchange resin and a cation electrode plate; 3) stopping sewage from entering at intervals of set time, and introducing a high-pressure water source to wash the exchange resin filter plate; 4) and adding the replacement salts into the exchange mechanism through a salt adding mechanism according to a set proportion, so that the exchange resin is regenerated.

9. The method of wastewater treatment according to claim 8, wherein the salts comprise one or both of sodium salts and potassium salts.

10. The method of wastewater treatment according to claim 9, wherein the brine concentration is controlled to be 5% -15%.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of sewage treatment, and particularly relates to a sewage treatment device and a sewage treatment method for removing heavy metal ions.

Background

At present, methods for treating heavy metal wastewater can be roughly divided into three main categories: (1) a chemical method; (2) a physical treatment method; (3) a biological treatment method. The chemical method mainly comprises a chemical precipitation method and an electrolytic method, and is mainly suitable for treating the wastewater containing high-concentration heavy metal ions, and the chemical method is a main method for treating the wastewater containing heavy metals at home and abroad at present. The physical treatment method mainly comprises solvent extraction separation, an ion exchange method, a membrane separation technology and an adsorption method.

In practical application, the ion exchange method is favored because of simplicity and easy implementation and less secondary pollution. The ion exchange principle is to replace heavy metal ions in the sewage and make the heavy metal ions attach to ion exchange resin. The prior ion exchange resins are various, different exchange resins can be selected according to different sewage heavy metal ion components to carry out effective exchange in an exchange mechanism, the effect of replacing the heavy metal ions can be achieved, and the chemical reaction process in replacement depends on the types of the exchange resins and the types of the heavy metal ions in the sewage. The devices used by the existing exchange method are various, but all have the following disadvantages: after the exchange mechanism is used for a period of time, because a large amount of heavy metal salt is attached to the surface of the resin, micro gaps and the surface in the exchange resin are completely wrapped, and the purpose of removing heavy metal cannot be achieved if the exchange mechanism is continuously used, the exchange resin is removed and replaced in the conventional treatment method. However, the exchange resin on the market is expensive, and although the exchange resin can be replaced frequently to obtain good treatment effect, the economic cost is increased greatly, so that the economic pressure of treatment enterprises is increased.

Therefore, it is necessary to develop a more efficient and energy-saving ion exchange wastewater treatment technology by improving the drawbacks of the conventional ion exchange.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to: in view of the above problems, the present invention provides a wastewater treatment apparatus and a wastewater treatment method for removing heavy metal ions, which can improve the efficiency of removing heavy metal ions by an exchange resin and prolong the service life of the exchange resin.

The invention comprises the following steps:

a sewage treatment device for removing heavy metal ions comprises a plurality of exchange mechanisms, a flushing mechanism and a salt adding mechanism which are connected in series; the exchange mechanism comprises an exchange tank, at least one layer of exchange resin filter plate is arranged in the exchange tank, and each layer of exchange resin filter plate sequentially comprises an anion electrode plate, ion exchange resin and a cation electrode plate from top to bottom; the flushing mechanism comprises a flushing pipe capable of supplying high-pressure clear water, and the wall of the exchange tank is arranged corresponding to each exchange resin filter plate; the salt adding mechanism is arranged on the exchange tank and is used for containing salt solution and communicated with the exchange tank through a salt conveying pipe.

The purpose of setting up anion electrode board and cation electrode board in every layer of vertical filter plate is that when sewage flows through any one deck resin filter board, all pass through anion electrode board earlier, because heavy metal ion all is the positive charge, under anion electrode board's effect, can give heavy metal ion electron compensation for partial heavy metal ion can be directly reduced and be the metal and attach on anion electrode board, has reduced exchange resin's replacement pressure, has prolonged the live time cycle. Meanwhile, the purpose of arranging a layer of cationic electrode plate at the lowest part is to further prevent positively charged metal ions from rapidly flowing away along with water flow in the flowing process of sewage, so that the retention time of the metal ions in an exchange resin layer is prolonged, and higher exchange efficiency is achieved.

Furthermore, the exchange resin filter plate is four layers, and the installation direction is perpendicular to the water flow direction and parallel to each other. Because the dynamic mobility of sewage, metal ion also can have most because can not be timely by the replacement or reduce into the metal and flow away, so set up multilayer resin filter and can effectually solve this problem.

Furthermore, the flushing pipe of the flushing mechanism comprises a flushing main pipe and a shunt pipe connected with the flushing main pipe; the shunt tubes are communicated with washing branch tubes and fixedly arranged on the side wall of the exchange tank corresponding to the exchange resin filter plates.

Furthermore, the salt adding mechanism comprises a funnel, a salt conveying pipe communicated with the funnel, and a salt conveying valve which is arranged on the salt conveying pipe and used for opening or closing the salt conveying pipe, wherein the other end of the salt conveying pipe is communicated with the exchange mechanism.

Furthermore, the exchange tank comprises a tank body with an opening at the upper part and a cover body which is closed and covered at the opening at the upper part of the tank body, the tank body and the cover body are detachably connected in a sealing way, and the salt adding mechanism is fixedly connected on the cover body.

Further, the drain pipe of each exchange mechanism is provided with a connecting flange for detachable connection. The arrangement of the connecting flange is favorable for series connection, and the exchange mechanisms with different numbers can be connected in series selectively according to different concentrations of heavy metal ions in sewage, so that the reaction time can be further increased, the flow can be effectively treated, and the treatment efficiency and the heavy metal ion removal rate can be improved.

Furthermore, program control valves are installed on a water inlet pipeline of the exchange mechanism and a flushing pipe of the flushing mechanism, the PLC component controls operation, a mode of controlling operation by the program control valves and the PLC is adopted, water inlet treatment capacity and operation time are set, and the flushing pipe is controlled to be flushed at certain intervals of operation time so as to realize autonomous operation of the device.

The invention also comprises a method for treating sewage by using the sewage treatment device, which comprises the following steps:

1) determining the concentration of heavy metal ions in the sewage and selecting an exchange mechanism, and determining the number of the exchange mechanisms and the type of ion exchange resin which need to be connected in series according to the concentration of the heavy metal ions; 2) controlling sewage to enter an exchange mechanism and sequentially pass through an anion electrode plate, ion exchange resin and a cation electrode plate; 3) stopping sewage from entering at intervals of set time, and introducing a high-pressure water source to wash the exchange resin filter plate; 4) and adding the replacement salts into the exchange mechanism through a salt adding mechanism according to a set proportion, so that the exchange resin is regenerated.

Further, the salt comprises one or two of sodium salt and potassium salt.

Further, the brine concentration is controlled to be 5% -15%, preferably 10%.

Due to the adoption of the scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, the traditional ion exchange method is improved, and the anion electrode plate and the cation electrode plate are respectively added in front of and behind the exchange resin, so that the exchange efficiency is improved, and the service life of the exchange resin is prolonged; by combining the exchange mechanism with the flushing regeneration mechanism, the various exchanged resins can be recycled; the use cost is reduced, and the problem of high price of the existing heavy metal ion replacement resin is solved; the sewage treatment device disclosed by the invention is flexible to assemble, can adapt to water samples with different heavy metal types and concentrations, is wide in applicable treatment capacity range, can be automatically implemented, and is worthy of popularization.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a sewage treatment apparatus according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing the internal construction of an exchange tank of the present invention;

in the figure, 1 is a water inlet pipe, 2 is a water inlet valve, 3 is a salt adding mechanism, 4 is an exchange mechanism, 5 is a flushing mechanism, 6 is a connecting flange, 7 is a water discharge valve, 8 is a water discharge pipe, 31 is a funnel, 32 is a salt conveying pipe, 33 is a salt conveying valve, 41 is a cover body, 42 is a tank body, 51 is a first flushing branch pipe, 52 is a second flushing branch pipe, 53 is a third flushing branch pipe, 54 is a fourth flushing branch pipe, 55 is a shunt pipe, 56 is a flushing main pipe, 511 is a first anion electrode plate, 512 is a first ion exchange resin, 513 is a first cation electrode plate, 521 is a second anion electrode plate, 522 is a second ion exchange resin, 523 is a second cation electrode plate, 531 is a third anion electrode plate, 532 is a third ion exchange resin, 533 is a third cation electrode plate, 541 is a fourth anion electrode plate, 542 is a fourth ion exchange resin, and 543 is a fourth cation electrode plate.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.